1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 20151216 p32 FreeBSD-SA-15:27.bind
15 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:27]
17 20151205 p31 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
19 Fix OpenSSL X509_ATTRIBUTE memory leak. [SA-15:26]
21 20151104 p30 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
22 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
25 Fix regression of ntpq(8) utility exiting due to trap 6 in
26 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
28 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
29 clock in 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
31 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
33 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
34 memory address. [EN-15:20]
36 20151026: p29 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
38 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
40 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
41 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
42 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
43 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
45 20151002: p28 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
46 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
48 20150929: p27 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
50 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
52 20150916: p26 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
54 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
56 20150902: p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:23.bind
58 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:23]
60 20150825: p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
61 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
64 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
66 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
68 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
71 20150818: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
73 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
76 20150805: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
78 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability.
80 20150728: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp
81 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
84 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
86 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
88 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:17]
90 20150721: p20 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
92 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
95 20150707: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:11.bind
96 Fix BIND resolver remote denial of service when validating.
98 20150630: p18 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
99 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
101 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
103 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
106 20150618: p17 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
107 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
109 20150612: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
110 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
112 20150609: p15 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
114 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
117 20150513: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
119 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
120 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
122 20150407: p13 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
124 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
126 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
128 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
130 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
133 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
135 20150319: p11 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
136 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
138 20150225: p10 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
139 FreeBSD-SA-15:05.bind
141 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
142 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
144 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
146 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:05]
148 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
150 Updated base system OpenSSL to 0.9.8zd. [EN-15:02]
152 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
154 20150127: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
155 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
157 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
158 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
160 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
162 20150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
163 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
165 20141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
166 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
168 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
169 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
171 20141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
172 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind
174 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
177 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29]
179 20141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin
183 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2).
186 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26]
188 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12]
190 20141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata
191 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt
193 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10]
195 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11]
197 20141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold
198 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed
199 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei
200 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl
202 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20]
204 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21]
206 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22]
208 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23]
210 20140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
211 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19]
213 20140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl
214 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18]
220 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
221 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
222 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
223 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
224 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
227 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
230 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
233 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
234 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
235 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
236 the nfe(4) driver instead.
239 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
240 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
241 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
242 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
243 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
244 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
245 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
246 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
247 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505.
253 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
254 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
255 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
256 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
257 subdirectories must be reviewed.
260 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
261 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
264 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
265 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
266 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
267 write access to that file.
270 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
271 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
273 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
274 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant
275 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0
276 to disable this behaviour.
278 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
279 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
280 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
282 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
283 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
286 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
287 equivalent of `status' command.
288 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
289 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
290 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
293 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
294 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
295 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
296 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
297 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
298 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
299 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
302 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
303 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
304 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
305 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
306 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
310 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
313 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
314 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
315 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
316 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
317 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
318 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's
319 used expected to be extremely rare.
322 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to
323 zpool-features(7) for more information.
325 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
326 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
329 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs
330 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be
334 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
335 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add
336 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
342 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE.
343 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
344 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
345 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
346 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
347 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
348 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
349 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
350 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
353 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional
354 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk
355 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work
356 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the
357 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829.
360 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
361 functionality now turned on by default.
364 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
365 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
366 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
367 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
368 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
372 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with
373 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld
374 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel
375 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work.
378 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
379 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
380 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
383 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
384 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
385 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
386 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
387 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
388 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
391 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
395 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
396 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
399 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned
400 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be
401 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted.
407 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
408 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
411 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
412 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
413 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
414 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
415 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
416 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
417 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
418 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
419 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
420 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
423 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
424 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
425 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
426 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
429 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
430 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
431 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
432 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
434 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
435 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
436 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
439 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
440 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
441 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
442 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
445 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
447 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
448 The following sysctl is retired:
449 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
450 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
451 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
452 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
453 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
454 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
455 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
456 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
457 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
458 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
462 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
466 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
467 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
468 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
472 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
475 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
476 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
477 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
478 drivers need to be recompiled.
480 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
481 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
482 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
483 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
487 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
488 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
491 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
492 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
493 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
494 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
495 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
496 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
497 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
498 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
499 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
500 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
501 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
503 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
505 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
506 a diskless root fs use the old client.
509 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
510 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
511 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
512 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
513 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
514 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
515 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
516 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
517 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
518 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
519 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
520 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
522 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
523 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
524 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
525 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
526 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
527 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
528 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
529 them are parts of the cam module.
531 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
532 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
533 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
535 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
536 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
537 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
542 , and instead add back:
543 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
544 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
545 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
546 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
547 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
550 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
551 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
552 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
553 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
554 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
555 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
558 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
559 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
560 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
563 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
564 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
565 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
566 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
567 in order to use ath on everything else.
569 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
570 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
573 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
574 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
575 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
578 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
579 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
580 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
581 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
582 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
583 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
586 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
587 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
588 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
589 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
590 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
592 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
593 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
596 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
597 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
598 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
599 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
600 The function remains undocumented.
603 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
604 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
605 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
606 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
607 systems where the define is not present can check against
608 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
610 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
611 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
612 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
613 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
614 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
615 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
618 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
619 the following warning:
620 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
621 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
622 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
623 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
624 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
625 install it on your system.
627 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
628 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
629 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
630 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
633 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
634 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
635 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
636 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
640 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
641 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
642 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
643 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
644 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
645 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
646 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
647 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
648 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
649 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
650 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
652 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
654 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
655 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
656 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
657 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
658 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
659 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
660 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
662 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
663 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
666 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
667 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
668 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
669 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
670 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
673 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
674 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
675 migrate local entries to the new format.
678 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
679 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
683 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
684 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
685 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
686 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
687 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
688 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
691 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
692 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
694 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
695 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
696 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
699 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
700 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
701 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
702 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
703 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
705 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
706 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
707 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
710 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
711 now i386 and amd64 only.
712 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
713 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
714 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
715 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
716 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
717 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
720 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
721 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
724 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
725 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
726 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
727 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
728 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
729 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
730 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
731 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
732 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
733 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
734 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
737 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
738 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
739 machine powerpc powerpc
741 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
745 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
746 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
747 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
748 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
749 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
752 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
753 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
754 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
755 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
756 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
759 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
760 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
761 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
762 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
764 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
765 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
766 to unwanted behavior.
769 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
770 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
771 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
772 be modified accordingly.
775 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
776 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
777 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
778 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
779 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
780 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
782 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
783 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
784 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
787 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
788 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
789 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
790 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
791 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
794 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
795 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
796 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
799 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
800 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
801 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
802 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
803 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
805 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
806 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
807 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
809 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
815 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
816 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
817 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
818 operation of applications on the console.
820 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
821 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
822 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
825 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
826 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
827 performed by syscons(4).
830 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
831 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
832 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
834 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
835 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
839 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
840 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
841 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
842 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
843 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
847 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
848 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
850 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
851 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
852 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
854 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
855 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
857 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
860 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
861 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
863 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
864 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
865 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
867 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
868 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
869 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
870 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
871 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
872 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
873 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
874 using ifconfig(8) like:
876 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
878 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
881 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
883 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
884 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
885 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
886 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
887 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
890 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
891 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
894 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
895 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
896 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
897 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
898 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
899 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
902 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
903 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
906 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
907 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
908 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
912 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
913 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
914 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
917 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
918 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
921 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
922 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
923 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
926 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
927 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
928 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
931 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
932 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
933 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
934 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
935 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
938 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
939 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
940 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
941 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
942 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
945 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
946 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
947 may need to be adjusted.
950 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
951 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
952 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
953 with routing sockets.
956 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
957 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
958 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
961 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
962 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
963 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
967 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
968 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
969 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
972 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
973 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
974 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
975 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
976 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
977 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
978 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
979 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
981 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
982 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
983 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
984 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
985 authentication method is used.
988 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
989 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
990 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
991 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
992 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
995 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
996 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
999 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1003 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1004 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1007 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1008 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1011 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1012 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1016 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1017 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1019 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1022 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1026 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1027 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1030 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1032 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1035 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1036 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1037 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1038 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1039 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1040 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1043 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1044 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1047 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1049 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1052 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1053 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1056 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1057 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1060 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1061 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1062 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1063 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1064 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1067 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1068 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1069 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1070 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1071 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1072 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1075 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1076 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1077 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1078 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1080 For kernel developers:
1082 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1083 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1084 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1086 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1087 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1088 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1089 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1091 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1092 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1093 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1094 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1095 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1096 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1097 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1098 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1099 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1100 multicast membership on-link.
1101 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1102 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1103 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1105 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1106 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1108 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1109 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1112 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1113 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1114 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1115 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1117 For application developers:
1119 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1122 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1123 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1125 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1126 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1127 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1128 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1130 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1131 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1132 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1133 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1134 Multicast Source Filters'.
1136 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1138 For systems administrators:
1140 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1141 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1142 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1143 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1144 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1146 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1147 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1149 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1150 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1151 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1152 recommended for optimal system performance.
1154 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1155 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1156 back forwarded datagrams.
1158 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1161 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1162 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1165 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1166 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1167 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1168 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1171 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1172 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1173 state will require a world rebuild.
1174 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1177 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1178 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1179 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1182 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1183 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1184 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1185 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1187 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1190 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1191 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1192 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1193 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1194 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1195 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1196 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1197 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1200 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1201 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1202 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1205 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1206 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1207 introduces some changes:
1209 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1210 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1211 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1213 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1214 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1215 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1216 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1218 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1219 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1220 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1223 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1226 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1227 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1228 (supported by sane).
1231 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1232 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1233 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1234 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1235 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1238 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1239 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1240 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1241 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1245 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1246 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1247 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1248 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1251 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1252 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1255 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1256 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1258 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1259 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1260 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1262 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1263 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1264 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1265 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1266 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1267 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1268 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1269 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1271 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1272 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1273 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1274 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1275 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1276 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1278 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1279 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1280 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1281 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1282 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1284 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1285 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1286 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1289 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1290 recompiled to reflect this.
1291 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1294 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1295 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1296 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1297 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1298 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1299 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1302 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1303 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1304 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1305 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1306 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1307 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1310 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1311 network device driver modules.
1314 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1315 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1318 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1319 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1320 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1321 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1322 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1326 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1327 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1328 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1332 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1333 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1335 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1336 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1337 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1340 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1341 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1342 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1343 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1344 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1345 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1347 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1348 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1350 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1351 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1354 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1355 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1356 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1359 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1360 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1361 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1362 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1366 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1367 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1370 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1371 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1372 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1373 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1374 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1375 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1378 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1379 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1380 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1381 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1384 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1385 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1386 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1387 in next mpd5.3 release.
1390 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1391 the base system (it was a port).
1394 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1395 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1398 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1399 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1400 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1401 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1402 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1403 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1404 none of the L2 information.
1407 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1408 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1410 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1412 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1416 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1417 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1418 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1419 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1422 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1423 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1424 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1425 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1426 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1430 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1431 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1432 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1433 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1436 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1439 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1440 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1441 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1442 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1443 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1449 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1450 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1454 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1455 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1456 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1457 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1458 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1459 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1460 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1463 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1464 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1465 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1466 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1467 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1470 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1476 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1478 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1479 cause compilation to fail.
1482 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1485 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1487 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1488 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1489 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1490 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1491 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1492 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1493 accepting the RSA key.
1495 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1496 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1499 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1500 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1501 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1505 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1506 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1507 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1509 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1510 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1511 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1512 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1513 use the new device names.
1515 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1516 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1517 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1518 at the loader prompt:
1520 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1521 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1522 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1523 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1527 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1531 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1532 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1533 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1534 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1537 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1538 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1541 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1542 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1543 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1544 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1545 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1548 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1549 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1550 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1551 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1552 For example, change:
1553 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1556 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1557 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1558 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1559 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1561 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1562 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1563 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1566 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1567 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1568 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1569 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1570 other operation levels.
1573 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1574 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1575 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1576 compatibility with any prior release:
1578 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1579 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1580 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1583 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1584 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1585 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1586 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1587 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1591 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1592 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1593 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1594 with older hardware easier to do.
1597 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1598 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1601 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1602 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1603 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1607 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1611 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1612 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1613 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1614 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1615 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1616 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1617 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1618 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1619 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1620 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1621 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1622 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1625 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1626 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1627 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1630 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1631 functionality is the default now.
1634 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1635 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1636 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1637 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1638 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1640 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1641 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1642 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1645 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1646 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1647 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1648 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1649 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1650 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1651 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1652 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1653 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1654 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1658 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1659 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1660 used kproc_start()..
1661 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1662 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1663 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1672 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1673 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1674 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1675 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1676 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1677 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1678 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1680 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1681 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1682 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1683 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1684 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1686 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1687 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1688 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1689 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1690 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1694 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1697 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1698 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1700 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1702 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1703 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1704 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1706 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1710 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1711 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1712 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1714 make kernel-toolchain
1715 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1716 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1718 To test a kernel once
1719 ---------------------
1720 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1721 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1722 debugging information) run
1723 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1724 nextboot -k testkernel
1726 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1727 --------------------------------------------------------------
1728 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1729 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1730 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1732 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1733 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1734 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1739 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1741 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1742 -----------------------------------------------------------
1743 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1744 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1746 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1748 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1750 <reboot in single user> [3]
1758 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1759 --------------------------------------------------
1760 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1761 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1762 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1765 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1768 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1769 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1770 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1771 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1772 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1773 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1774 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1775 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1776 <reboot into current>
1777 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1778 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1782 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1783 ----------------------------------------------
1784 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1786 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1788 <reboot in single user> [3]
1795 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1796 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1797 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1798 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1799 the UPDATING entries.
1801 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1802 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1803 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1804 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1805 much fewer pitfalls.
1807 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1808 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1811 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1816 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1817 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1818 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1820 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1821 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1822 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1823 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1824 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1825 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1826 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1828 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1829 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1830 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1831 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1832 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1833 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430.
1835 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1836 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1837 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1839 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1840 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1841 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1842 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1843 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1844 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1846 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1847 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1849 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1850 cvs prune empty directories.
1852 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1853 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1854 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1856 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1857 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1858 warn if it is improperly defined.
1861 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1862 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1863 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1864 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1865 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1867 Copyright information:
1869 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1871 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1872 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1873 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1875 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1876 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1877 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1878 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1879 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1880 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1881 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1882 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1883 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1884 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1885 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1887 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of