1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
19 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
20 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
21 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
24 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
25 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
26 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
27 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1300524 to
31 Commit 18f5b477ee66 adds two arguments to VOP_ALLOCATE().
32 Normally changes to VOP calls are not MFC'd, but a
33 discussion on freebsd-current@ seemed to agree that
34 it was acceptable in this case, to fix the NFSv4.2 server.
35 Any out of source tree file system with a custom
36 VOP_ALLOCATE() call will need to be modified.
37 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300523 since the NFS modules need
38 to be rebuilt from sources.
41 Commit 6e8e261f0d4e changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
42 modules. As such, all the modules must be rebuilt from sources.
43 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1300522.
46 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300521 after merging LinuxKPI and
47 net80211 changes in order to support building various wireless
48 drivers. This is to help other external consumers of LinuxKPI
49 and net80211 to deal accordingly.
52 Commit a599f9f7620b deleted the variable called nfs_maxcopyrange
53 from nfscommon.ko, since it no longer needs to be global. As such,
54 the other nfs modules must be rebuilt from up to date sources.
55 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300516 for this.
58 As of commit 622809b0868f OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
59 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
60 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
61 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
62 application-specific configuration option for applications
63 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
66 Commits 9fb6e613373c and 9ec7dbf46b0a both changed the internal
67 KAPI between the NFS modules. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300514.
68 All NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources.
71 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
72 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
73 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
74 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
77 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
78 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
79 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
80 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
83 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
84 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
85 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
86 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
87 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
88 to update your sources past the above hash and do
91 % sudo -E make install
92 to enable building kernels again.
95 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
96 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
97 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
98 the "minorversion" mount option.
99 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
100 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
104 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
105 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
108 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
109 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
110 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
111 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
112 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
113 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
117 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
118 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
120 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
123 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
124 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
125 rebuilt from sources.
128 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
129 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
130 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
131 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
132 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
133 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
136 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
137 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
141 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
144 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
145 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
146 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
147 since it was bumped so recently.
150 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
151 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
152 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
153 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
156 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
157 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
158 requires a clean build.
161 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
162 instructions can be found at
163 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
164 and other documents in that repo.
167 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
168 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
169 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
170 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
173 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
174 may be installed from ports or packages.
177 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
178 See ping(8) for details.
181 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
182 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
183 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
185 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
186 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
187 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
188 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
189 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
192 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
193 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
194 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
195 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
196 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
200 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
201 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
202 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
203 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
205 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
206 command you want to un-auger the tree is
209 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
210 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
213 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
214 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
215 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
216 unless you want to use new features.
218 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
219 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
220 rebuilding world may fail.
222 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
223 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
225 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
226 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
227 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
228 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
231 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
232 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
233 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
234 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
237 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
238 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
242 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
243 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
246 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
247 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
248 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
249 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
252 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
253 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
254 from sources, so a version bump was done.
257 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
258 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
259 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
260 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
263 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
264 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
265 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
266 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
267 continue to function.
269 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
270 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
271 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
272 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
275 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
276 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
277 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
278 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
279 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
280 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
281 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
284 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
285 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
288 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
289 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
290 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
293 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
294 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
295 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
296 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
298 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
299 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
300 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
301 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
305 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
306 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
307 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
308 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
311 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
312 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
315 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
316 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
317 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
318 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
319 be functional without closefrom(2).
322 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
323 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
324 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
325 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
326 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
327 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
330 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
331 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
332 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
333 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
336 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
337 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
338 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
341 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
344 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
345 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
346 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
349 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
350 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
353 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
354 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
355 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
359 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
360 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
364 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
365 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
366 together with their new kernel.
369 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
370 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
371 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
373 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
374 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
377 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
381 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
382 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
383 external toolchain package.
386 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
387 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
388 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
389 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
390 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
393 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
394 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
395 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
396 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
399 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
400 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
401 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
405 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
408 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
409 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
410 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
411 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
414 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
415 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
416 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
419 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
420 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
421 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
422 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
423 differences between those included in the port and those included in
424 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
425 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
426 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
429 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
430 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
434 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
435 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
436 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
437 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
438 add superio to the set.
441 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
442 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
445 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
446 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
447 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
448 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
449 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
450 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
451 completely in the future.
454 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
455 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
456 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
457 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
458 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
459 will be removed from the list.
462 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
463 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
464 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
465 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
468 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
469 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
470 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
471 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
474 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
475 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
476 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
477 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
480 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
481 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
482 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
485 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
486 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
487 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
488 your scripts, because they had no effect.
490 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
491 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
492 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
493 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
494 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
497 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
498 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
499 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
500 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
501 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
502 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
503 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
506 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
507 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
508 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
509 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
512 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
513 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
514 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
515 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
518 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
519 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
520 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
523 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
524 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
525 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
526 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
527 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
528 avoid running into the limit.
531 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
532 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
535 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
536 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
537 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
538 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
539 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
540 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
543 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
544 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
547 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
548 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
549 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
550 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
551 availability properties.
553 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
554 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
555 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
556 initial condition, if desired.
558 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
559 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
561 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
562 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
563 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
564 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
567 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
568 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
569 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
570 therefore unblocked).
573 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
574 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
575 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
576 is added to the command line.
577 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
578 not affected and should continue to work.
581 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
582 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
583 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
584 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
587 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
588 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
589 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
593 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
594 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
598 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
599 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
600 migrating to the drm ports.
603 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
604 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
605 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
606 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
607 is loaded automatically.
610 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
611 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
612 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
616 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
617 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
618 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
619 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
622 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
623 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
624 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
625 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
626 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
630 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
631 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
632 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
634 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
635 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
637 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
638 removed from the mips port.
641 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
642 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
643 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
647 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
648 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
651 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
652 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
653 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
654 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
657 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
658 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
659 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
662 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
663 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
664 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
668 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
669 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
670 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
672 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
673 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
674 being included using the command:
678 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
679 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
682 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
683 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
684 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
685 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
686 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
687 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
688 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
689 that as you will get better support.
691 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
692 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
693 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
694 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
696 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
697 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
698 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
699 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
703 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
704 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
705 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
706 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
707 be adjusted as necessary.
710 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
711 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
712 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
713 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
716 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
717 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
718 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
719 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
723 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
724 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
725 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
726 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
730 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
731 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
732 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
733 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
734 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
735 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
738 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
739 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
740 default since FreeBSD-11.
743 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
744 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
745 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
748 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
749 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
750 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
751 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
752 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
753 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
754 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
756 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
757 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
760 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
761 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
762 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
763 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
764 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
765 may not be observed in a future release.
768 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
769 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
773 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
774 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
775 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
776 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
779 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
780 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
781 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
782 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
786 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
787 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
788 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
791 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
792 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
793 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
794 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
795 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
798 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
799 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
800 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
801 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
802 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
803 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
806 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
807 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
808 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
812 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
813 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
814 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
817 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
818 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
819 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
820 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
821 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
822 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
823 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
824 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
825 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
826 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
830 Big endian arm support has been removed.
833 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
834 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
835 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
836 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
837 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
840 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
841 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
842 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
843 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
844 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
845 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
848 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
849 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
852 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
853 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
854 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
855 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
856 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
857 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
858 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
861 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
862 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
863 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
867 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
868 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
869 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
873 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
874 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
877 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
878 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
882 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
883 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
884 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
885 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
888 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
889 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
890 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
894 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
895 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
896 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
900 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
901 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
902 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
903 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
904 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
905 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
908 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
909 workaround is necessary.
912 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
913 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
914 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
915 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
918 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
919 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
920 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
921 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
922 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
925 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
926 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
927 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
928 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
931 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
932 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
933 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
937 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
938 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
942 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
943 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
947 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
948 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
949 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
950 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
951 microseconds and time zone offsets.
953 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
954 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
955 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
956 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
957 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
958 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
959 adjustments, depending on the software used.
961 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
962 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
965 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
968 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
969 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
970 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
972 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
974 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
975 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
976 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
977 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
978 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
979 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
980 thus expected to continue to function as before.
982 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
986 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
987 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
988 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
991 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
992 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
993 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
994 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
995 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
996 should be as simple as:
998 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
999 $ make depend all install
1002 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1003 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1004 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1005 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1006 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1007 provisions for backup boot methods.
1010 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1011 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1012 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1016 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1017 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1018 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1022 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1023 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1024 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1026 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1027 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1030 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1031 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1032 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1033 remove it from kernel config files.
1036 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1037 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1038 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1040 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1041 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1044 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1045 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1046 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1047 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1050 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1051 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1054 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1055 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1056 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1057 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1060 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1061 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1062 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1063 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1064 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1065 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1068 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1069 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1070 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1073 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1074 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1075 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1076 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1077 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1080 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1081 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1082 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1083 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1084 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1088 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1089 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1090 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1091 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1092 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1093 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1094 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1095 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1096 than hardcoding paths.
1099 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1100 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1101 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1104 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1105 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1106 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1107 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1110 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1111 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1114 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1115 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1116 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1117 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1120 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1121 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1122 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1123 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1124 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1127 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1128 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1129 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1130 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1134 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1135 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1136 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1137 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1138 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1141 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1142 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1145 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1146 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1150 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1151 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1155 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1156 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1157 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1158 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1160 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1161 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1162 sandbox if successful.
1164 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1165 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1166 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1167 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1168 an unprivileged user.
1171 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1172 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1173 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1174 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1175 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1176 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1177 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1178 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1179 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1180 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1181 to which you should answer yes.
1184 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1185 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1186 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1187 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1188 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1191 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1192 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1193 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1196 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1197 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1200 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1201 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1202 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1203 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1204 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1205 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1206 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1209 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1210 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1211 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1212 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1213 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1214 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1217 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1218 if you require the GPL compiler.
1221 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1222 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1223 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1226 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1227 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1228 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1232 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1233 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1234 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1235 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1236 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1237 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1240 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1241 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1242 which only require one chipset support.
1244 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1248 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1249 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1250 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1252 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1253 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1256 * load the chip modules in question
1257 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1259 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1260 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1262 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1265 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1266 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1267 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1269 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1270 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1271 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1273 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1274 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1275 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1276 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1277 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1278 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1279 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1280 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1283 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1284 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1285 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1288 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1289 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1290 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1293 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1294 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1295 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1296 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1297 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1298 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1299 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1302 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1303 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1304 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1305 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1308 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1309 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1310 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1313 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1314 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1315 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1318 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1319 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1321 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1322 via one of the following methods:
1323 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1324 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1325 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1326 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1328 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1331 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1332 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1333 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1334 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1338 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1339 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1340 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1341 be prefixed with colon.
1344 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1345 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1346 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1349 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1350 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1351 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1354 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1355 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1356 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1360 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1364 MCA bus support has been removed.
1367 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1368 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1371 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1372 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1375 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1376 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1377 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1381 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1382 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1383 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1386 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1387 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1388 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1391 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1392 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1393 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1396 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1397 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1398 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1399 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1402 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1403 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1405 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1406 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1409 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1410 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1411 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1415 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1416 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1417 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1420 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1421 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1424 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1425 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1426 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1427 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1430 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1431 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1432 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1433 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1434 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1437 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1440 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1441 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1442 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1443 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1446 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1447 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1448 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1452 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1453 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1454 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1455 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1456 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1460 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1461 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1464 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1467 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1468 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1469 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1470 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1471 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1472 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1476 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1477 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1478 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1479 previously contained a line like
1480 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1481 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1482 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1486 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1487 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1488 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1489 built with the old headers.
1492 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1493 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1494 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1495 installing a new libc.
1498 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1499 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1500 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1501 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1502 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1503 packages will be needed.
1505 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1506 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1507 and the install steps.
1510 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1511 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1512 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1513 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1514 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1515 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1518 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1519 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1520 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1521 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1522 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1524 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1525 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1526 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1527 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1528 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1530 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1531 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1532 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1533 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1534 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1535 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1538 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1539 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1540 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1541 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1542 quirks entry to 0x3.
1545 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1546 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1547 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1550 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1551 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1554 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1555 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1556 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1557 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1558 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1559 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1560 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1561 stale .depend files.
1564 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1565 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1566 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1570 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1571 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1572 make -C sys/boot install
1573 <reboot in single user>
1575 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1579 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1580 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1581 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1584 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1585 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1586 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1587 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1588 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1589 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1592 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1593 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1594 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1595 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1596 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1599 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1600 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1601 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1602 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1603 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1606 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1607 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1610 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1611 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1612 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1615 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1616 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1617 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1621 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1622 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1623 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1624 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1625 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1626 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1629 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1630 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1631 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1632 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1636 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1637 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1638 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1641 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1642 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1643 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1645 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1646 collation results will be different.
1648 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1649 locales before running make installworld.
1651 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1654 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1655 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1658 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1659 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1660 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1663 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1664 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1665 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1666 and 'make -N' will not.
1669 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1670 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1671 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1672 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1673 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1674 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1675 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1676 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1679 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1680 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1681 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1682 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1685 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1686 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1687 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1690 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1691 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1692 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1693 userland debug files.
1695 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1696 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1697 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1699 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1700 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1703 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1704 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1705 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1706 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1707 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1708 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1711 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1712 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1713 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1716 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1717 them, the kernel must have
1720 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1722 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1723 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1724 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1725 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1727 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1728 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1731 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1732 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1733 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1736 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1737 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1738 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1739 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1741 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1742 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1743 difference with this change.
1745 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1746 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1747 remove that workaround.
1750 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1751 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1752 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1755 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1758 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1759 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1760 loader.rc.local instead.
1763 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1764 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1765 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1768 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1769 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1770 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1772 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1773 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1776 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1777 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1778 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1779 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1780 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1781 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1782 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1783 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1784 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1785 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1786 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1787 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1790 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1791 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1793 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1794 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1795 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1797 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1798 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1800 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1801 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1802 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1804 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1805 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1806 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1807 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1809 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1810 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1811 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1812 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1814 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1815 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1816 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1817 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1818 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1819 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1820 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1821 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1825 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1826 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1829 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1830 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1833 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1834 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1835 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1836 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1837 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1840 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1841 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1842 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1843 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1846 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1847 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1848 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1849 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1850 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1851 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1852 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1854 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1855 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1856 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1857 replace it with '2'.
1858 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1859 a file path, create a new file with:
1860 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1861 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1862 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1863 5. Restart sendmail:
1864 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1866 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1870 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1871 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1872 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1873 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1876 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1879 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1880 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1881 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1884 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1885 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1888 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1889 same but content is different now
1890 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1891 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1892 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1893 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1894 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1897 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1898 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1899 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1902 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1903 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1906 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1907 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1910 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1911 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1912 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1915 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1916 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1917 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1918 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1921 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1922 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1923 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1926 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1927 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1928 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1929 kernel before rebooting.
1932 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1933 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1934 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1935 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1936 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1937 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1940 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1941 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1942 with the new kernel.
1945 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1946 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1947 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1950 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1951 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1952 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1953 are not already using 3.5.0.
1956 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1957 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1958 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1959 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1960 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1963 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1964 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1965 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1966 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1969 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1970 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1973 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1975 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1976 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1977 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1978 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1979 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1980 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1983 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1984 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1987 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1988 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1989 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1990 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1992 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1993 the instructions for 9.x above.
1995 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1996 default, and do not build clang.
1998 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1999 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2000 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2002 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2003 the following are most likely to appear:
2007 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2008 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2009 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2010 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2011 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2012 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2013 cast, or disable the warning.
2015 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2016 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2017 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2018 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2021 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2022 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2024 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2025 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2026 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2027 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2029 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2030 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2031 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2032 unreachable could be optimized away.
2035 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2036 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2037 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2038 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2039 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2040 the utilities will report errors.
2043 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2044 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2045 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2046 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2047 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2051 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2052 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2055 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2056 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2057 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2060 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2061 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2062 indicate what you need to do.
2064 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2065 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2066 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2068 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2069 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2073 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2074 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2078 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2079 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2083 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2087 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2088 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2089 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2090 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2091 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2092 their next update cycle.
2095 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2096 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2097 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2098 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2102 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2103 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2106 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2107 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2108 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2109 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2110 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2114 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2115 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2117 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2120 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2121 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2122 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2123 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2127 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2128 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2132 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2133 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2134 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2135 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2136 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2139 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2140 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2141 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2144 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2145 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2146 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2149 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2150 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2151 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2152 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2153 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2154 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2155 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2156 "make installworld".
2158 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2159 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2160 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2163 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2164 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2165 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2166 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2167 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2170 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2173 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2174 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2178 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2179 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2180 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2181 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2182 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2183 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2184 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2185 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2186 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2187 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2188 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2189 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2191 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2192 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2193 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2197 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2198 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2201 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2202 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2203 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2204 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2205 build hosts for older releases.
2207 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2208 r276991, respectively.
2211 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2212 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2213 will silently lack HESIOD.
2216 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2217 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2218 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2219 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2220 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2221 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2222 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2223 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2224 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2225 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2226 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2227 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2230 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2231 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2232 with command line option -W.
2235 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2236 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2237 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2238 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2239 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2242 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2245 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2246 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2249 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2250 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2251 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2252 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2253 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2256 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2257 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2258 kernel is still highly recommended.
2261 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2262 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2263 capability mode support in kernel.
2266 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2267 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2268 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2269 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2270 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2273 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2274 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2275 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2276 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2277 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2278 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2281 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2282 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2283 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2284 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2285 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2286 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2287 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2288 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2289 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2292 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2293 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2294 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2295 should change your settings to use the latter.
2298 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2299 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2300 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2301 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2302 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2305 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2306 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2307 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2309 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2311 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2314 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2321 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2322 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2323 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2324 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2325 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2326 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2327 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2328 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2330 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2331 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2332 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2333 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2334 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2335 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2336 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2337 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2340 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2341 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2342 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2343 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2346 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2347 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2348 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2349 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2351 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2352 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2353 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2354 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2355 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2356 should write them with this in mind.
2360 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2363 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2364 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2366 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2368 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2369 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2370 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2371 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2374 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2378 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2379 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2380 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2382 make kernel-toolchain
2383 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2384 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2386 To test a kernel once
2387 ---------------------
2388 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2389 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2390 debugging information) run
2391 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2392 nextboot -k testkernel
2394 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2395 -----------------------------------------------------------
2396 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2397 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2399 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2401 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2402 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2404 <reboot in single user> [3]
2411 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2412 --------------------------------------------------
2413 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2414 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2415 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2418 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2421 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2422 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2423 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2424 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2425 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2426 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2427 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2428 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2429 <reboot into current>
2430 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2431 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2435 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2436 ----------------------------------------------
2437 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2439 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2440 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2442 <reboot in single user> [3]
2449 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2450 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2451 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2452 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2453 the UPDATING entries.
2455 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2456 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2457 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2458 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2459 much fewer pitfalls.
2461 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2462 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2463 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2464 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2465 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2466 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2467 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2468 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2470 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2472 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2476 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2477 cd src # full path to source
2478 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2479 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2480 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2482 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2483 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2484 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2485 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2486 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2487 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2488 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2490 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2491 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2492 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2493 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2494 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2495 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2497 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2498 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2499 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2501 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2502 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2503 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2504 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2505 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2506 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2507 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2508 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2510 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2511 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2512 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2515 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2516 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2517 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2519 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2520 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2521 warn if it is improperly defined.
2524 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2525 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2526 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2527 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2528 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2530 Copyright information:
2532 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2534 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2535 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2536 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2538 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2539 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2540 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2541 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2542 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2543 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2544 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2545 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2546 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2547 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2548 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2550 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of