1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160531 p18 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
20 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
21 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
23 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
24 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
25 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
27 20160517 p17 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
28 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
30 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
32 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
34 20160504 p16 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
38 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
40 Fix excessive latency in x86 IPI delivery. [EN-16:07]
42 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
44 20160429 p15 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
46 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
48 20160316 p14 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
49 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
50 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
51 FreeBSD-EN-16:05.hv_netvsc
53 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
54 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
55 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
56 Fix hv_netvsc(4) incorrect TCP/IP checksums. [EN-16:05]
58 20160303 p13 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
60 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
62 20160130 p12 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
64 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
66 20160127 p11 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
67 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
69 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
71 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
72 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
74 20160114 p10 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
76 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
78 20160114 p9 FreeBSD-EN-16:01.filemon
80 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
83 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
84 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
86 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
88 Fix multiple stability and locking problems in filemon(4). [EN-16:01]
89 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
90 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
91 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
92 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
93 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
94 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
95 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
96 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
98 20151205 p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
100 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
102 20151104 p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
103 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
106 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
107 clock in 10.2-RELEASE-p6. [SA-15:25]
109 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
111 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
112 memory address. [EN-15:20.vm]
114 20151026: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
116 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
118 20151002: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
119 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
121 20150929: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
123 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
125 20150916: p3 FreeBSD-EN-15:16.pw
126 FreeBSD-EN-15:17.libc
129 Fix regression in pw(8) when creating numeric users or groups.
132 Fix libc handling of signals for multi-threaded processes.
135 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
137 20150825: p2 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
139 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
141 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
144 20150818: p1 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
145 FreeBSD-EN-15:11.toolchain
146 FreeBSD-EN-15:12.netstat
147 FreeBSD-EN-15:13.vidcontrol
149 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
152 Fix make(1) syntax errors when upgrading from 9.x and earlier.
155 Fix incorrect netstat(1) data handling on 32-bit systems.
158 Allow size argument to vidcontrol(1) for syscons(4). [EN-15:13]
164 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
165 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
166 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
167 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
170 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
171 entry below has been been committed in revision 284786.
174 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
175 below has been been committed in revision 284485. The work
176 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
177 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
178 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
181 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
182 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
183 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
184 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
185 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
186 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
187 2048 bit DH parameter by:
189 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
190 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
191 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
193 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
194 a file path, create a new file with:
195 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
196 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
197 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
199 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
201 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
205 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
206 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
209 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
210 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
213 At svn r275807, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
214 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
215 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
216 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
217 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
218 their next update cycle.
220 See ports/UPDATING 20141209 and 20141215 on migration to CentOS 6 ports.
223 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
224 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for a more details on how to
231 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
232 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
233 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
234 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
238 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
239 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
240 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
241 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
242 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
243 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
244 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
247 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
248 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
249 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
252 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
253 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
254 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
255 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
256 be removed during a clean upgrade.
259 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
260 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
261 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
264 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
265 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
266 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
269 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
270 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
271 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
272 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
273 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
277 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
278 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
279 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
280 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
281 to do the right thing.
284 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
285 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
286 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
289 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
290 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
291 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
294 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
295 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
296 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
297 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
298 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
301 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
304 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
307 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
308 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
309 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
310 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
311 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
312 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
315 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
316 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
317 kernel is still highly recommended.
320 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
321 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
322 capability mode support in kernel.
325 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
326 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
327 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
328 the nfe(4) driver instead.
334 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
335 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
336 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
337 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
338 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
339 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
340 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
341 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
342 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
345 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
346 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
347 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
348 should change your settings to use the latter.
351 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
352 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
353 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
354 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
355 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
358 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
359 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
360 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
362 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
364 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
367 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
368 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
369 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
370 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
371 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
372 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
374 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
375 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
376 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
377 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
378 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
379 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
381 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
382 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
386 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
387 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
388 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
389 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
391 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
392 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
393 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
394 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
397 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
398 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
399 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
402 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
403 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
404 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
405 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
408 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
409 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
410 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
414 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
415 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
416 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
420 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
421 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
422 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
423 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
424 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
425 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
428 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
429 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
430 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
433 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
434 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
435 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
438 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
439 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
440 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
441 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
442 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
443 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
446 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
447 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
448 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
450 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
451 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
452 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
453 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
454 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
457 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
458 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
459 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
460 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
464 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
465 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
466 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
469 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
471 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
472 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
473 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
474 old as well as the new version of find.
477 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
478 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
479 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
480 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
481 subdirectories must be reviewed.
484 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
485 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
486 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
488 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
490 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
491 users are advised to upgrade.
494 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
495 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
498 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
499 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
500 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
503 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
504 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
506 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
507 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
508 overloading the machine.
511 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
512 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
513 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
514 write access to that file.
517 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
518 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
521 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
523 make: illegal option -- J
524 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
526 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
528 this likely due to an old instance of make in
529 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
530 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
531 you see the above error:
533 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
538 Use bmake by default.
539 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
540 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
541 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
543 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
544 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
545 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
546 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
547 behavior in parallel build.
550 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
553 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
554 the IDEA patent expired.
557 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
558 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
562 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
563 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
564 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
565 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
566 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
567 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
568 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
572 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
573 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
574 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
575 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
579 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
580 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
581 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
582 binaries will not work on older kernels.
585 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
586 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
589 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
590 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
591 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
592 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
595 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
596 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
597 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
598 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
599 in /boot/loader.conf.
602 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
603 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
604 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
605 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
606 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
609 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
610 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
612 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
613 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
616 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
617 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
618 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
619 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
620 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
623 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
624 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
625 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
626 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
627 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
631 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
632 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
633 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
634 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
635 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
636 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
637 use is expected to be extremely rare.
640 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
641 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
642 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
645 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
646 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
647 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
651 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
652 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
653 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
658 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
659 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
660 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
663 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
664 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
665 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
666 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
667 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
668 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
671 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
672 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
673 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
674 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
675 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
676 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
677 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
681 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
682 functionality now turned on by default.
685 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
686 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
687 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
688 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
689 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
690 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
691 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
692 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
693 of the two kernel options.
696 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
697 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
698 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
699 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
702 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
703 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
707 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
708 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
709 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
712 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
713 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
714 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
715 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
716 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
719 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
720 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
721 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
722 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
725 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
728 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
729 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
730 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
734 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
735 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
739 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
740 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
741 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
744 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
745 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
746 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
747 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
748 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
752 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
753 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
756 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
757 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
758 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
759 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
763 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
764 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
765 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
768 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
769 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
770 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
773 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
774 with other variables:
775 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
776 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
779 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
780 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
781 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
782 installed as "bsdsort".
785 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
786 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
787 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
788 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
789 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
790 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
791 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
792 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
793 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
796 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
797 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
798 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
799 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
800 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
801 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
805 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
806 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
807 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
808 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
809 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
810 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
811 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
814 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
818 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
819 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
820 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
821 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
822 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
823 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
826 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
827 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
828 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
829 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
833 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
834 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
835 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
836 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
838 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
839 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
842 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
843 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
844 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
846 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
849 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
850 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
851 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
852 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
853 not supported anymore.
855 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
856 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
857 need to be recompiled.
860 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
864 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
865 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
866 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
870 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
871 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
874 sysinstall has been removed
877 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
878 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
881 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
882 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
883 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
884 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
885 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
886 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
887 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
888 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
889 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
890 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
893 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
894 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
895 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
896 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
899 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
900 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
901 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
902 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
904 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
905 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
906 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
909 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
910 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
911 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
912 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
915 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
917 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
918 The following sysctl is retired:
919 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
920 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
921 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
922 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
923 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
924 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
925 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
926 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
927 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
928 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
932 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
936 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
937 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
938 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
942 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
945 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
946 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
947 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
948 drivers need to be recompiled.
950 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
951 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
952 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
953 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
957 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
958 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
961 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
962 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
963 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
964 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
965 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
966 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
967 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
968 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
969 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
970 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
971 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
973 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
975 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
976 a diskless root fs use the old client.
979 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
980 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
981 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
982 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
983 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
984 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
985 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
986 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
987 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
988 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
989 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
990 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
992 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
993 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
994 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
995 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
996 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
997 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
998 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
999 them are parts of the cam module.
1001 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1002 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1003 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1005 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1006 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1007 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1012 , and instead add back:
1013 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1014 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1015 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1016 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1017 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1020 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1021 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1022 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1023 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1024 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1025 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1028 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1029 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1030 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1033 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1034 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1035 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1036 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1037 in order to use ath on everything else.
1039 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1040 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1043 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1044 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1045 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1048 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1049 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1050 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1051 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1052 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1053 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1056 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1057 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1058 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1059 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1060 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1062 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1063 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1066 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1067 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1068 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1069 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1070 The function remains undocumented.
1073 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1074 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1075 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1076 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1077 systems where the define is not present can check against
1078 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1080 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1081 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1082 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1083 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1084 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1085 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1088 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1089 the following warning:
1090 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1091 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1092 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1093 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1094 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1095 install it on your system.
1097 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1098 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1099 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1100 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1103 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1104 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1105 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1106 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1110 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1111 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1112 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1113 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1114 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1115 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1116 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1117 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1118 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1119 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1120 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1121 it, for example via:
1122 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1124 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1125 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1126 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1127 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1128 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1129 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1130 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1132 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1133 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1136 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1137 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1138 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1139 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1140 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1143 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1144 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1145 migrate local entries to the new format.
1148 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1149 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1153 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1154 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1155 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1156 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1157 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1158 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1161 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1162 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1164 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1165 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1166 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1169 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1170 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1171 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1172 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1173 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1175 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1176 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1177 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1180 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1181 now i386 and amd64 only.
1182 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1183 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1184 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1185 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1186 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1187 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1190 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1191 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1194 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1195 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1196 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1197 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1198 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1199 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1200 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1201 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1202 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1203 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1204 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1207 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1208 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1209 machine powerpc powerpc
1211 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1215 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1216 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1217 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1218 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1219 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1222 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1223 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1224 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1225 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1226 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1229 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1230 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1231 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1232 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1234 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1235 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1236 to unwanted behavior.
1239 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1240 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1241 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1242 be modified accordingly.
1245 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1246 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1247 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1248 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1249 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1250 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1252 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1253 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1254 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1257 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1258 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1259 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1260 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1261 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1264 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1265 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1266 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1269 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1270 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1271 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1272 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1273 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1275 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1276 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1277 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1279 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1285 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1286 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1287 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1288 operation of applications on the console.
1290 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1291 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1292 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1295 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1296 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1297 performed by syscons(4).
1300 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1301 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1302 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1304 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1305 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1309 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1310 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1311 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1312 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1313 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1317 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1318 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1320 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1321 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1322 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1324 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1325 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1327 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1330 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1331 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1333 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1334 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1335 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1337 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1338 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1339 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1340 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1341 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1342 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1343 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1344 using ifconfig(8) like:
1346 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1348 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1351 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1353 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1354 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1355 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1356 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1357 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1360 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1361 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1364 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1365 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1366 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1367 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1368 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1369 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1372 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1373 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1376 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1377 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1378 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1382 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1383 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1384 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1387 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1388 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1391 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1392 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1393 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1396 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1397 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1398 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1401 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1402 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1403 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1404 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1405 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1408 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1409 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1410 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1411 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1412 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1415 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1416 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1417 may need to be adjusted.
1420 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1421 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1422 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1423 with routing sockets.
1426 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1427 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1428 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1431 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1432 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1433 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1437 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1438 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1439 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1442 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1443 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1444 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1445 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1446 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1447 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1448 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1449 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1451 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1452 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1453 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1454 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1455 authentication method is used.
1458 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1459 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1460 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1461 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1462 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1465 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1466 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1469 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1473 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1474 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1477 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1478 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1481 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1482 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1486 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1487 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1489 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1492 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1496 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1497 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1500 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1502 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1505 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1506 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1507 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1508 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1509 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1510 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1513 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1514 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1517 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1519 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1522 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1523 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1526 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1527 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1530 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1531 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1532 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1533 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1534 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1537 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1538 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1539 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1540 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1541 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1542 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1545 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1546 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1547 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1548 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1550 For kernel developers:
1552 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1553 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1554 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1556 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1557 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1558 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1559 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1561 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1562 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1563 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1564 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1565 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1566 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1567 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1568 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1569 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1570 multicast membership on-link.
1571 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1572 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1573 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1575 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1576 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1578 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1579 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1582 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1583 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1584 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1585 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1587 For application developers:
1589 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1592 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1593 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1595 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1596 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1597 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1598 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1600 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1601 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1602 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1603 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1604 Multicast Source Filters'.
1606 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1608 For systems administrators:
1610 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1611 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1612 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1613 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1614 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1616 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1617 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1619 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1620 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1621 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1622 recommended for optimal system performance.
1624 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1625 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1626 back forwarded datagrams.
1628 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1631 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1632 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1635 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1636 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1637 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1638 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1641 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1642 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1643 state will require a world rebuild.
1644 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1647 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1648 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1649 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1652 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1653 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1654 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1655 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1657 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1660 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1661 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1662 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1663 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1664 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1665 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1666 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1667 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1670 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1671 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1672 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1675 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1676 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1677 introduces some changes:
1679 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1680 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1681 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1683 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1684 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1685 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1686 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1688 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1689 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1690 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1693 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1696 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1697 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1698 (supported by sane).
1701 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1702 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1703 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1704 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1705 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1708 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1709 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1710 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1711 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1715 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1716 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1717 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1718 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1721 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1722 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1725 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1726 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1728 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1729 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1730 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1732 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1733 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1734 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1735 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1736 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1737 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1738 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1739 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1741 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1742 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1743 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1744 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1745 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1746 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1748 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1749 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1750 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1751 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1752 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1754 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1755 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1756 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1759 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1760 recompiled to reflect this.
1761 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1764 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1765 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1766 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1767 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1768 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1769 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1772 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1773 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1774 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1775 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1776 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1777 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1780 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1781 network device driver modules.
1784 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1785 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1788 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1789 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1790 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1791 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1792 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1796 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1797 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1798 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1802 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1803 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1805 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1806 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1807 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1810 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1811 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1812 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1813 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1814 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1815 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1817 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1818 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1820 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1821 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1824 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1825 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1826 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1829 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1830 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1831 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1832 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1836 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1837 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1840 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1841 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1842 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1843 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1844 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1845 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1848 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1849 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1850 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1851 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1854 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1855 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1856 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1857 in next mpd5.3 release.
1860 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1861 the base system (it was a port).
1864 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1865 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1868 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1869 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1870 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1871 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1872 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1873 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1874 none of the L2 information.
1877 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1878 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1880 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1882 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1886 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1887 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1888 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1889 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1892 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1893 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1894 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1895 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1896 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1900 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1901 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1902 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1903 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1906 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1909 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1910 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1911 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1912 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1913 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1919 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1920 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1924 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1925 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1926 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1927 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1928 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1929 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1930 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1933 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1934 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1935 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1936 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1937 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1940 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1946 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1948 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1949 cause compilation to fail.
1952 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1955 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1957 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1958 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1959 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1960 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1961 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1962 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1963 accepting the RSA key.
1965 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1966 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1969 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1970 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1971 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1975 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1976 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1977 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1979 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1980 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1981 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1982 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1983 use the new device names.
1985 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1986 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1987 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1988 at the loader prompt:
1990 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1991 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1992 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1993 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1997 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2001 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2002 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2003 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2004 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2007 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2008 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2011 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2012 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2013 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2014 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2015 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2018 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2019 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2020 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2021 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2022 For example, change:
2023 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2026 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2027 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2028 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2029 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2031 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2032 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2033 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2036 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2037 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2038 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2039 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2040 other operation levels.
2043 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2044 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2045 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2046 compatibility with any prior release:
2048 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2049 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2050 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2053 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2054 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2055 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2056 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2057 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2061 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2062 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2063 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2064 with older hardware easier to do.
2067 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2068 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2071 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2072 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2073 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2077 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2081 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2082 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2083 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2084 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2085 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2086 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2087 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2088 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2089 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2090 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2091 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2092 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2095 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2096 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2097 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2100 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2101 functionality is the default now.
2104 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2105 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2106 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2107 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2108 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2110 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2111 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2112 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2115 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2116 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2117 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2118 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2119 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2120 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2121 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2122 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2123 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2124 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2128 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2129 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2130 used kproc_start()..
2131 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2132 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2133 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2142 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2143 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2144 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2145 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2146 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2147 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2148 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2150 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2151 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2152 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2153 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2154 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2156 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2157 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2158 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2159 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2160 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2162 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2163 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2164 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2165 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2169 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2172 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2173 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2175 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2177 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2178 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2179 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2181 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2185 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2186 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2187 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2189 make kernel-toolchain
2190 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2191 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2193 To test a kernel once
2194 ---------------------
2195 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2196 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2197 debugging information) run
2198 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2199 nextboot -k testkernel
2201 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2202 --------------------------------------------------------------
2203 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2204 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2205 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2207 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2208 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2209 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2214 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2216 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2217 -----------------------------------------------------------
2218 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2219 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2221 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2223 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2225 <reboot in single user> [3]
2232 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2233 --------------------------------------------------
2234 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2235 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2236 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2239 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2242 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2243 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2244 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2245 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2246 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2247 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2248 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2249 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2250 <reboot into current>
2251 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2252 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2256 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2257 ----------------------------------------------
2258 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2260 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2262 <reboot in single user> [3]
2269 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2270 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2271 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2272 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2273 the UPDATING entries.
2275 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2276 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2277 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2278 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2279 much fewer pitfalls.
2281 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2282 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2285 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2290 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2291 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2292 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2294 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2295 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2296 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2297 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2298 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2299 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2300 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2302 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2303 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2304 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2305 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2306 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2307 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2309 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2310 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2311 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2313 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2314 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2315 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2316 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2317 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2318 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2320 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2321 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2323 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2324 cvs prune empty directories.
2326 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2327 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2328 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2330 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2331 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2332 warn if it is improperly defined.
2335 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2336 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2337 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2338 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2339 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2341 Copyright information:
2343 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2345 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2346 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2347 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2349 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2350 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2351 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2352 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2353 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2354 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2355 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2356 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2357 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2358 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2359 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2361 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of