1 # tzdb data for South America and environs
3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
6 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
9 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
11 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-05):
13 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
14 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
15 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
16 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
18 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
19 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
20 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
21 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
22 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
23 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
25 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
26 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
27 # https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
29 # These tables use numeric abbreviations like -03 and -0330 for
30 # integer hour and minute UT offsets. Although earlier editions used
31 # alphabetic time zone abbreviations, these abbreviations were
32 # invented and did not reflect common practice.
34 ###############################################################################
36 ###############################################################################
40 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
41 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
42 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
44 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-19):
45 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
47 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
48 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
49 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
51 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
52 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 -
53 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
54 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 -
55 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
56 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 -
57 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 -
58 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
59 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 -
60 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
61 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 -
62 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
63 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 -
64 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
65 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 -
66 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
67 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 -
68 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
69 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
70 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
71 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 -
72 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
73 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 -
75 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
76 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
77 # obtaining the data from the:
78 # Talleres de Hidrografía Naval Argentina
79 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
80 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
81 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 -
83 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
84 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
85 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
86 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
88 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
89 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
90 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
91 # from the International Date Line.
92 Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
93 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
94 # DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
95 # to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
96 # it ended on March 3.
97 Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 -
99 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
100 # We just checked with our São Paulo office and they say the government of
101 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
102 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
104 # From Fabián L. Arce Jofré (2000-04-04):
105 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
106 # de la Rúa on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
107 # in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
109 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
110 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
111 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
112 # in effect.... The article is at
113 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
114 # ... The Law itself is "Ley No. 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
115 # 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
116 # http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
117 # Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
120 # the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
121 # Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
122 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
125 # Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
126 # Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
127 # http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
128 # It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
129 # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
130 # We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
132 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21):
133 # A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST....
134 # all of the country (all Zone-entries) are affected. News reports like
135 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/nota.asp?nota_id=973037 indicate
136 # that Argentina will use DST next year as well, from October to
137 # March, although exact rules are not given.
139 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-12-26)
140 # The last hurdle of Argentina DST is over, the proposal was approved in
141 # the lower chamber too (Diputados) with a vote 192 for and 2 against.
142 # By the way thanks to Mariano Absatz and Daniel Mario Vega for the link to
143 # the original scanned proposal, where the dates and the zero hours are
144 # clear and unambiguous...This is the article about final approval:
145 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996
147 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-22):
148 # For dates after mid-2008, the following rules are my guesses and
149 # are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
151 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-09-05):
152 # As per message from Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz (Nicaragua),
153 # Argentina will start DST on Sunday October 19, 2008.
155 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html
156 # http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)
158 # From Juan Manuel Docile in https://bugs.gentoo.org/240339 (2008-10-07)
159 # via Rodrigo Severo:
160 # Argentinian law No. 25.155 is no longer valid.
161 # http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/60000-64999/60036/norma.htm
162 # The new one is law No. 26.350
163 # http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/135000-139999/136191/norma.htm
164 # So there is no summer time in Argentina for now.
166 # From Mariano Absatz (2008-10-20):
167 # Decree 1693/2008 applies Law 26.350 for the summer 2008/2009 establishing DST
168 # in Argentina from 2008-10-19 until 2009-03-15.
169 # http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=16102008&pi=3&pf=4&s=0&sec=01
172 # Decree 1705/2008 excepting 12 Provinces from applying DST in the summer
173 # 2008/2009: Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, La
174 # Pampa, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego
175 # http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01
177 # Press release 235 dated Saturday October 18th, from the Government of the
178 # Province of Jujuy saying it will not apply DST either (even when it was not
179 # included in Decree 1705/2008).
180 # http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc
182 # From fullinet (2009-10-18):
184 # http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356
185 # (an official .gob.ar) under title: "Sin Cambio de Hora"
186 # (English: "No hour change").
188 # "Por el momento, el Gobierno Nacional resolvió no modificar la hora
189 # oficial, decisión que estaba en estudio para su implementación el
190 # domingo 18 de octubre. Desde el Ministerio de Planificación se anunció
191 # que la Argentina hoy, en estas condiciones meteorológicas, no necesita
192 # la modificación del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con
193 # crecimiento en la producción y distribución energética."
195 Rule Arg 2007 only - Dec 30 0:00 1:00 -
196 Rule Arg 2008 2009 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
197 Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 -
199 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
200 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
201 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
202 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
203 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
204 # It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
205 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
207 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-31):
208 # Hora de verano para la República Argentina
209 # http://buenasiembra.com.ar/esoterismo/astrologia/hora-de-verano-de-la-republica-argentina-27.html
210 # says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
211 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more precise value
212 # over Shanks & Pottenger. It is upward compatible with Milne, who
213 # says Córdoba time was -4:16:48.2.
216 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
217 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
218 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
219 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
221 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
222 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
223 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
224 # time in October 17th.
226 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
227 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucumán.
229 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
230 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucumán decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
231 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
232 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
234 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
235 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
236 # "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
237 # the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take
238 # effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
239 # three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
240 # Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
241 # on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
242 # provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article
243 # contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
244 # date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
245 # Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
247 # From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
248 # The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
249 # back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
250 # new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
251 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
253 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
254 # San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
255 # Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00
256 # at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
257 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
258 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
259 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
261 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-01-17):
262 # Here are articles that Argentina Province San Luis is planning to end DST
263 # as earlier as upcoming Monday January 21, 2008 or February 2008:
265 # Provincia argentina retrasa reloj y marca diferencia con resto del país
266 # (Argentine Province delayed clock and mark difference with the rest of the
268 # http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel
270 # Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes
271 # (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay)
272 # https://www.lagaceta.com.ar/nota/253414/Economia/Es-inminente-que-en-San-Luis-atrasen-una-hora-los-relojes.html
273 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html
275 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-01-18):
276 # The page of the San Luis provincial government
277 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812
278 # confirms what Alex Krivenyshev has earlier sent to the tz
279 # emailing list about that San Luis plans to return to standard
280 # time much earlier than the rest of the country. It also
281 # confirms that upon request the provinces San Juan and Mendoza
282 # refused to follow San Luis in this change.
284 # The change is supposed to take place Monday the 21st at 0:00
285 # hours. As far as I understand it if this goes ahead, we need
286 # a new timezone for San Luis (although there are also documented
287 # independent changes in the southamerica file of San Luis in
288 # 1990 and 1991 which has not been confirmed).
290 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-01-25):
291 # Unfortunately the below page has become defunct, about the San Luis
292 # time change. Perhaps because it now is part of a group of pages "Most
293 # important pages of 2008."
296 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834
297 # instead it seems. Or use "Buscador" from the main page of the San Luis
298 # government, and fill in "huso" and click OK, and you will get 3 pages
299 # from which the first one is identical to the above.
301 # From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28):
302 # I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that
303 # province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008
304 # (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back
305 # 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round
306 # (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now).
308 # So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San
309 # Luis city is the mos populated city in the Province, so it'd be
310 # America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's
311 # history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-(
312 # (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis
313 # back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I
314 # mailed them personally and never got an answer).
316 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
317 # Unless otherwise specified, data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger through
318 # 1992, from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
319 # America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, one of which
320 # was America/San_Luis, but we haven't verified this yet so for now we'll
321 # keep America/Cordoba a single region rather than splitting it into the
322 # other 5 subregions.
324 # From Mariano Absatz (2009-03-13):
325 # Yesterday (with our usual 2-day notice) the Province of San Luis
326 # decided that next Sunday instead of "staying" @utc-03:00 they will go
327 # to utc-04:00 until the second Saturday in October...
329 # The press release is at
330 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaId=3102
331 # (I couldn't find the decree, but www.sanluis.gov.ar
332 # is the official page for the Province Government.)
334 # There's also a note in only one of the major national papers ...
335 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912
337 # The press release says [quick and dirty translation]:
338 # ... announced that next Sunday, at 00:00, Puntanos (the San Luis
339 # inhabitants) will have to turn back one hour their clocks
341 # Since then, San Luis will establish its own Province timezone. Thus,
342 # during 2009, this timezone change will run from 00:00 the third Sunday
343 # in March until 24:00 of the second Saturday in October.
345 # From Mariano Absatz (2009-10-16):
346 # ...the Province of San Luis is a case in itself.
349 # http://www.diputadossanluis.gov.ar/diputadosasp/paginas/verNorma.asp?NormaID=276
350 # is ambiguous because establishes a calendar from the 2nd Sunday in
351 # October at 0:00 thru the 2nd Saturday in March at 24:00 and the
352 # complement of that starting on the 2nd Sunday of March at 0:00 and
353 # ending on the 2nd Saturday of March at 24:00.
355 # This clearly breaks every time the 1st of March or October is a Sunday.
357 # IMHO, the "spirit of the Law" is to make the changes at 0:00 on the 2nd
358 # Sunday of October and March.
360 # The problem is that the changes in the rest of the Provinces that did
361 # change in 2007/2008, were made according to the Federal Law and Decrees
362 # that did so on the 3rd Sunday of October and March.
364 # In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC-4 to UTC-3 last Sunday
365 # (October 11th) at 0:00.
367 # So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last
368 # America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
371 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
372 # According to news reports from El Diario de la República Province San
373 # Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time
374 # after April 11, 2010 - will continue to have same time as rest of
375 # Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST).
377 # Confirmaron la prórroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish)
378 # http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9
379 # or (some English translation):
380 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html
382 # From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12):
383 # yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling
384 # UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg"
385 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
386 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
388 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-23):
389 # Perhaps San Luis operates on the legal fiction that it is at -04
390 # with perpetual daylight saving time, but ordinary usage typically seems to
391 # just say it's at -03; see, for example,
392 # https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_oficial_argentina
393 # We've documented similar situations as being plain changes to
394 # standard time, so let's do that here too. This does not change UTC
395 # offsets, only tm_isdst and the time zone abbreviations. One minor
396 # plus is that this silences a zic complaint that there's no POSIX TZ
397 # setting for timestamps past 2038.
399 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
401 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
402 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
404 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Córdoba Mean Time
406 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
407 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
408 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
411 # Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
412 # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
414 # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
415 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
416 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
417 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
418 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
419 # then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
422 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
423 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
425 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
426 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
427 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
428 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
429 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
432 # Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
433 Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
435 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
437 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
438 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
439 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
440 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
441 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
442 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
446 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
448 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
450 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
451 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
452 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
453 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
454 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
455 -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
456 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 13
460 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
462 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
464 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
465 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 1
466 -4:00 - -04 1991 May 7
467 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
468 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
469 -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
470 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
471 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
475 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
477 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
479 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
480 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 1
481 -4:00 - -04 1991 May 7
482 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
483 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
484 -3:00 - -03 2004 May 31
485 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jul 25
486 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
490 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
492 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
494 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
495 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1990 Mar 4
496 -4:00 - -04 1990 Oct 28
497 -4:00 1:00 -03 1991 Mar 17
498 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 6
500 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
501 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
502 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
505 # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
506 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
508 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
510 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
511 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
512 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
513 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
514 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
515 -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
516 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
517 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
521 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
523 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
525 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
526 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1990 Mar 4
527 -4:00 - -04 1990 Oct 15
528 -4:00 1:00 -03 1991 Mar 1
529 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 15
530 -4:00 1:00 -03 1992 Mar 1
531 -4:00 - -04 1992 Oct 18
532 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
533 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
534 -3:00 - -03 2004 May 23
535 -4:00 - -04 2004 Sep 26
536 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
541 Rule SanLuis 2008 2009 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
542 Rule SanLuis 2007 2008 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 -
544 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
546 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
548 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
549 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1990
550 -3:00 1:00 -02 1990 Mar 14
551 -4:00 - -04 1990 Oct 15
552 -4:00 1:00 -03 1991 Mar 1
553 -4:00 - -04 1991 Jun 1
554 -3:00 - -03 1999 Oct 3
555 -4:00 1:00 -03 2000 Mar 3
556 -3:00 - -03 2004 May 31
557 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jul 25
558 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Jan 21
559 -4:00 SanLuis -04/-03 2009 Oct 11
563 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
565 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
567 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
568 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
569 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
570 -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
571 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
572 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
575 # Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF)
576 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
578 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
580 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
581 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
582 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
583 -3:00 - -03 2004 May 30
584 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
585 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
589 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
590 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
591 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
592 -4:32:36 1:00 BST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
597 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
598 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
599 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
600 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
601 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
602 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
604 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
605 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
606 # Santa Catarina (SC), Paraná (PR), São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
607 # Espírito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goiás (GO),
608 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
609 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
611 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
612 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goiás until 1989), and other
613 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
614 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
615 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
616 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
617 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
618 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
619 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
620 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
621 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
622 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
623 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
624 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
625 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
626 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapá (AP), Ceará (CE),
627 # Maranhão (MA), Paraíba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piauí (PI), and Rio Grande do
628 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Pará (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
630 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
631 # Brazilian official page <http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html>
633 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2000-11-03):
634 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
635 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
636 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
638 # From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
639 # The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
641 # Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
642 # the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first
643 # round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
644 # Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is
645 # counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
646 # round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will
647 # take place on October 27th.
649 # The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
650 # of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
651 # Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
652 # the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
653 # (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
655 # From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
656 # It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
657 # modern Brazilian ... voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
658 # with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
660 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20):
661 # Brazil will start DST on 2007-10-14 00:00 and end on 2008-02-17 00:00:
662 # http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do;jsessionid=BBA06811AFCAAC28F0285210913513DA?newsId=13975
664 # From Paul Schulze (2008-06-24):
665 # ...by law number 11.662 of April 24, 2008 (published in the "Diario
666 # Oficial da União"...) in Brazil there are changes in the timezones,
667 # effective today (00:00am at June 24, 2008) as follows:
669 # a) The timezone UTC+5 is extinguished, with all the Acre state and the
670 # part of the Amazonas state that had this timezone now being put to the
672 # b) The whole Pará state now is put at timezone UTC+3, instead of just
673 # part of it, as was before.
675 # This change follows a proposal of senator Tiao Viana of Acre state, that
676 # proposed it due to concerns about open television channels displaying
677 # programs inappropriate to youths in the states that had the timezone
678 # UTC+5 too early in the night. In the occasion, some more corrections
679 # were proposed, trying to unify the timezones of any given state. This
680 # change modifies timezone rules defined in decree 2.784 of 18 June,
683 # From Rodrigo Severo (2008-06-24):
684 # Just correcting the URL:
685 # https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=1&data=25/04/2008
687 # As a result of the above Decree I believe the America/Rio_Branco
688 # timezone shall be modified from UTC-5 to UTC-4 and a new timezone shall
689 # be created to represent the...west side of the Pará State. I
690 # suggest this new timezone be called Santarem as the most
691 # important/populated city in the affected area.
693 # This new timezone would be the same as the Rio_Branco timezone up to
694 # the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC-3 instead of UTC-4.
696 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-24):
697 # This is a quick reference page for New and Old Brazil Time Zones map.
698 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php
700 # - 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones - eliminating time zone UTC-05
701 # (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT-04) - western
702 # part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC-03 (from UTC-04).
704 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
705 # The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
706 # Decretos sobre o Horário de Verão no Brasil.
707 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html
709 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-29):
710 # As announced by the government and many newspapers in Brazil late
711 # yesterday, Brazil will start DST on 2008-10-19 (need to change rule) and
712 # it will end on 2009-02-15 (current rule for Brazil is fine). Based on
713 # past years experience with the elections, there was a good chance that
714 # the start was postponed to November, but it did not happen this year.
716 # It has not yet been posted to http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html
718 # An official page about it:
719 # http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722
720 # Note that this link does not always work directly, but must be accessed
722 # http://www.mme.gov.br/first
724 # One example link that works directly:
725 # http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54
728 # We have a written a short article about it as well:
729 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html
731 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-04):
732 # State Bahia will return to Daylight savings time this year after 8 years off.
733 # The announcement was made by Governor Jaques Wagner in an interview to a
734 # television station in Salvador.
737 # http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html
738 # https://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html
740 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-07):
741 # There is news in the media, however there is still no decree about it.
742 # I just send a e-mail to Zulmira Brandao at http://pcdsh01.on.br/ the
743 # official agency about time in Brazil, and she confirmed that the old rule is
746 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-14)
747 # It's official, the President signed a decree that includes Bahia in summer
749 # [ and in a second message (same day): ]
750 # I found the decree.
752 # DECRETO No. 7.584, DE 13 DE OUTUBRO DE 2011
754 # http://www.in.gov.br/visualiza/index.jsp?data=13/10/2011&jornal=1000&pagina=6&totalArquivos=6
756 # From Kelley Cook (2012-10-16):
757 # The governor of state of Bahia in Brazil announced on Thursday that
758 # due to public pressure, he is reversing the DST policy they implemented
759 # last year and will not be going to Summer Time on October 21st....
760 # http://www.correio24horas.com.br/r/artigo/apos-pressoes-wagner-suspende-horario-de-verao-na-bahia
762 # From Rodrigo Severo (2012-10-16):
763 # Tocantins state will have DST.
764 # https://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
766 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-20):
767 # Tocantins in Brazil is very likely not to observe DST from October....
768 # http://conexaoto.com.br/2013/09/18/ministerio-confirma-que-tocantins-esta-fora-do-horario-de-verao-em-2013-mas-falta-publicacao-de-decreto
769 # We will keep this article updated when this is confirmed:
770 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-starts-dst-2013.html
772 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-10-17):
773 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/acre-amazonas-change-time-zone.html
774 # Senator Jorge Viana announced that Acre will change time zone on November 10.
775 # He did not specify the time of the change, nor if western parts of Amazonas
776 # will change as well.
778 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-17):
779 # For now, assume western Amazonas will change as well.
781 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
782 # Decree 20,466 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm> (1931-10-01)
783 # Decree 21,896 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm> (1932-01-10)
784 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 -
785 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
786 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 -
787 # Decree 23,195 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm> (1933-10-10)
789 # Decree 27,496 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm> (1949-11-24)
790 # Decree 27,998 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm> (1950-04-13)
791 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 -
792 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
793 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
794 # Decree 32,308 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm> (1953-02-24)
795 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
796 # Decree 34,724 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm> (1953-11-30)
798 # Decree 52,700 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm> (1963-10-18)
799 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
800 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
801 # Decree 53,071 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm> (1963-12-03)
802 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
803 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 -
804 # Decree 53,604 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm> (1964-02-25)
805 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
806 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
807 # Decree 55,639 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm> (1965-01-27)
808 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 -
809 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
810 # Decree 57,303 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm> (1965-11-22)
811 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 -
812 # Decree 57,843 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm> (1966-02-18)
813 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
814 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 -
815 # Decree 63,429 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm> (1968-10-15)
817 # Decree 91,698 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm> (1985-09-27)
818 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 -
819 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
820 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
821 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
822 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
823 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 -
824 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
825 # Decree 94,922 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm> (1987-09-22)
826 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 -
827 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
828 # Decree 96,676 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm> (1988-09-12)
829 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
830 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 -
831 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
832 # Decree 98,077 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm> (1989-08-21)
833 # with the same exceptions
834 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 -
835 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
836 # Decree 99,530 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm> (1990-09-17)
837 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
838 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
839 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 -
840 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
841 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm> (1991-09-25)
842 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
843 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 -
844 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
845 # Unnumbered decree <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm> (1992-10-16)
846 # adopted by same states.
847 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 -
848 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
849 # Decree 942 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm> (1993-09-28)
850 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
851 # Decree 1,252 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm> (1994-09-22;
852 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
853 # Decree 1,636 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm> (1995-09-14)
854 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
855 # Decree 1,674 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm> (1995-10-13)
857 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 -
858 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
859 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
860 # Decree 2,000 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm> (1996-09-04)
861 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
862 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 -
863 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
864 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
865 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
866 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
867 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
868 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
869 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
871 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
872 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 -
873 # Decree 2,495 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG>
875 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
876 # Decree 2,780 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg> (1998-09-11)
877 # adopted by the same states as before.
878 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 -
879 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
880 # Decree 3,150 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif>
881 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
882 # Decree 3,188 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif> (1999-09-30)
883 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
884 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 -
885 Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
886 # Decree 3,592 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm> (2000-09-06)
887 # adopted by the same states as before.
888 # Decree 3,630 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg> (2000-10-13)
889 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
890 # Decree 3,632 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg> (2000-10-17)
891 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
892 # Decree 3,916 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif>
893 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
894 Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 -
895 Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
896 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
897 # 4,399 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm>
898 Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 -
899 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
900 # 4,844 <http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm>
901 Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 -
902 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
903 # 5,223 <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm>
904 Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 -
905 # Decree 5,539 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif> (2005-09-19),
906 # adopted by the same states as before.
907 Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 -
908 # Decree 5,920 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif> (2006-10-03),
909 # adopted by the same states as before.
910 Rule Brazil 2006 only - Nov 5 0:00 1:00 -
911 Rule Brazil 2007 only - Feb 25 0:00 0 -
912 # Decree 6,212 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif> (2007-09-26),
913 # adopted by the same states as before.
914 Rule Brazil 2007 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 -
915 # From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10):
916 # According to this decree
917 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm
918 # [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the
919 # 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is
920 # the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday...
921 Rule Brazil 2008 2017 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 -
922 Rule Brazil 2008 2011 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
923 # Decree 7,584 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7584_20111013.jpg> (2011-10-13)
925 Rule Brazil 2012 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
926 # Decree 7,826 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto7826_20121015.jpg> (2012-10-15)
927 # removed Bahia and added Tocantins.
928 # Decree 8,112 <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HVdecreto8112_20130930.JPG> (2013-09-30)
930 Rule Brazil 2013 2014 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
931 Rule Brazil 2015 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
932 Rule Brazil 2016 2019 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
933 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-18):
934 # According to many media sources, next year's DST start in Brazil will move to
935 # the first Sunday of November
936 # ... https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-delays-dst-2018.html
937 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-12-20):
938 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/decreto/D9242.htm
939 # From Fábio Gomes (2018-10-04):
940 # The Brazilian president just announced a new change on this year DST.
941 # It was scheduled to start on November 4th and it was changed to November 18th.
942 # From Rodrigo Brüning Wessler (2018-10-15):
943 # The Brazilian government just announced that the change in DST was
944 # canceled.... Maybe the president Michel Temer also woke up one hour
946 Rule Brazil 2018 only - Nov Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
947 # The last ruleset listed above says that the following states observed DST:
948 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
950 # From Steffen Thorsen (2019-04-05):
951 # According to multiple sources the Brazilian president wants to get rid of DST.
952 # https://gmconline.com.br/noticias/politica/bolsonaro-horario-de-verao-deve-acabar-este-ano
953 # https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/04/05/governo-anuncia-fim-do-horario-de-verao.ghtml
954 # From Marcus Diniz (2019-04-25):
955 # Brazil no longer has DST changes - decree signed today
956 # https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/04/25/bolsonaro-assina-decreto-que-acaba-com-o-horario-de-verao.ghtml
957 # From Daniel Soares de Oliveira (2019-04-26):
958 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2019-2022/2019/Decreto/D9772.htm
960 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
962 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
963 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
964 -2:00 Brazil -02/-01 1990 Sep 17
965 -2:00 - -02 1999 Sep 30
966 -2:00 Brazil -02/-01 2000 Oct 15
967 -2:00 - -02 2001 Sep 13
968 -2:00 Brazil -02/-01 2002 Oct 1
970 # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
971 # These include Trindade and Martim Vaz (administratively part of ES),
972 # Rocas Atoll (RN), and the St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (PE).
973 # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
974 # it also included the Penedos.
976 # Amapá (AP), east Pará (PA)
977 # East Pará includes Belém, Marabá, Serra Norte, and São Félix do Xingu.
978 # The division between east and west Pará is the river Xingu.
979 # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
980 # the border with Amapá) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
981 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
982 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1988 Sep 12
986 # West Pará includes Altamira, Óbidos, Prainha, Oriximiná, and Santarém.
987 Zone America/Santarem -3:38:48 - LMT 1914
988 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
989 -4:00 - -04 2008 Jun 24 0:00
992 # Maranhão (MA), Piauí (PI), Ceará (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
994 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
995 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
996 -3:00 - -03 1999 Sep 30
997 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2000 Oct 22
998 -3:00 - -03 2001 Sep 13
999 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2002 Oct 1
1002 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
1003 Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
1004 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
1005 -3:00 - -03 1999 Sep 30
1006 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2000 Oct 15
1007 -3:00 - -03 2001 Sep 13
1008 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2002 Oct 1
1012 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
1013 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
1014 -3:00 - -03 1995 Sep 14
1015 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2003 Sep 24
1016 -3:00 - -03 2012 Oct 21
1017 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2013 Sep
1020 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
1021 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
1022 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
1023 -3:00 - -03 1995 Oct 13
1024 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1996 Sep 4
1025 -3:00 - -03 1999 Sep 30
1026 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2000 Oct 22
1027 -3:00 - -03 2001 Sep 13
1028 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2002 Oct 1
1032 # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
1033 # of America/Salvador.
1034 Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
1035 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2003 Sep 24
1036 -3:00 - -03 2011 Oct 16
1037 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2012 Oct 21
1040 # Goiás (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
1041 # Espírito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP), Paraná (PR),
1042 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
1043 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
1044 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1963 Oct 23 0:00
1046 -3:00 Brazil -03/-02
1048 # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
1049 Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
1050 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03
1053 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
1054 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 2003 Sep 24
1055 -4:00 - -04 2004 Oct 1
1056 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03
1059 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
1060 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
1064 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
1065 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
1066 -4:00 - -04 1999 Sep 30
1067 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 2000 Oct 15
1070 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutaí, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
1071 # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
1072 # east from west Amazonas.
1073 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
1074 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
1075 -4:00 - -04 1993 Sep 28
1076 -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1994 Sep 22
1079 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
1080 # Eirunepé, Envira, Ipixuna
1081 Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
1082 -5:00 Brazil -05/-04 1988 Sep 12
1083 -5:00 - -05 1993 Sep 28
1084 -5:00 Brazil -05/-04 1994 Sep 22
1085 -5:00 - -05 2008 Jun 24 0:00
1086 -4:00 - -04 2013 Nov 10
1090 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
1091 -5:00 Brazil -05/-04 1988 Sep 12
1092 -5:00 - -05 2008 Jun 24 0:00
1093 -4:00 - -04 2013 Nov 10
1098 # From Paul Eggert (2022-03-15):
1099 # Shanks & Pottenger says America/Santiago introduced standard time in
1100 # 1890 and rounds its UT offset to 70W40; guess that in practice this
1101 # was the same offset as in 1916-1919. It also says Pacific/Easter
1102 # standardized on 109W22 in 1890; assume this didn't change the clocks.
1104 # Dates for America/Santiago from 1910 to 2004 are primarily from
1105 # the following source, cited by Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
1107 # http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/chile.html
1108 # This contains a copy of this official table:
1109 # Cambios en la hora oficial de Chile desde 1900 (retrieved 2008-03-30)
1110 # https://web.archive.org/web/20080330200901/http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
1111 # [1] needs several corrections, though.
1113 # The first set of corrections is from:
1114 # [2] History of the Official Time of Chile
1115 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/ing/horaof_ing.html (retrieved 2012-03-06). See:
1116 # https://web.archive.org/web/20120306042032/http://www.horaoficial.cl/ing/horaof_ing.html
1117 # This is an English translation of:
1118 # Historia de la hora oficial de Chile (retrieved 2012-10-24). See:
1119 # https://web.archive.org/web/20121024234627/http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm
1120 # A fancier Spanish version (requiring mouse-clicking) is at:
1121 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/historia_hora.php
1122 # Conflicts between [1] and [2] were resolved as follows:
1124 # - [1] says the 1910 transition was Jan 1, [2] says Jan 10 and cites
1125 # Boletín No. 1, Aviso No. 1 (1910). Go with [2].
1127 # - [1] says SMT was -4:42:45, [2] says Chile's official time from
1128 # 1916 to 1919 was -4:42:46.3, the meridian of Chile's National
1129 # Astronomical Observatory (OAN), then located in what is now
1130 # Quinta Normal in Santiago. Go with [1], as this matches the meridian
1131 # referred to by the relevant Chilean laws to this day.
1133 # - [1] says the 1918 transition was Sep 1, [2] says Sep 10 and cites
1134 # Boletín No. 22, Aviso No. 129/1918 (1918-08-23). Go with [2].
1136 # - [1] does not give times for transitions; assume they occur
1137 # at midnight mainland time, the current common practice. However,
1138 # go with [2]'s specification of 23:00 for the 1947-05-21 transition.
1140 # Another correction to [1] is from Jesper Nørgaard Welen, who
1141 # wrote (2006-10-08), "I think that there are some obvious mistakes in
1142 # the suggested link from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66
1143 # says that GMT-4 ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at
1144 # 1990-09-15 (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16
1145 # respectively), but anyhow it clears up some doubts too."
1147 # Data for Pacific/Easter from 1910 through 1967 come from Shanks &
1148 # Pottenger. After that, for lack of better info assume
1149 # Pacific/Easter is always two hours behind America/Santiago;
1150 # this is known to work for DST transitions starting in 2008 and
1151 # may well be true for earlier transitions.
1153 # From Tim Parenti (2022-07-06):
1154 # For a brief period of roughly six weeks in 1946, DST was only observed on an
1155 # emergency basis in specific regions of central Chile; namely, "the national
1156 # territory between the provinces of Coquimbo and Concepción, inclusive".
1157 # This was enacted by Decree 3,891, dated 1946-07-13, and took effect
1158 # 1946-07-14 24:00, advancing these central regions to -03.
1159 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460715/#page/1
1160 # The decree contemplated "[t]hat this advancement of the Official Time, even
1161 # though it has been proposed for the cities of Santiago and Valparaíso only,
1162 # must be agreed with that of other cities, due to the connection of various
1163 # activities that require it, such as, for example, the operation of rail
1164 # services". It was originally set to expire after 30 days but was extended
1165 # through 1946-08-31 by Decree 4,506, dated 1946-08-13.
1166 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460814/#page/1
1168 # Law Number 8,522, promulgated 1946-08-27, reunified Chilean clocks at their
1169 # new "Summer Time" of -04, reckoned as that of "the meridian of the
1170 # Astronomical Observatory of Lo Espejo, advanced by 42 minutes and 45
1171 # seconds". Although this law specified the new Summer Time to start on 1
1172 # September each year, a special "transitional article" started it a few days
1173 # early, as soon as the law took effect. As the law was to take force "from
1174 # the date of its publication in the 'Diario Oficial', which happened the
1175 # following day, presume the change took place in Santiago and its environs
1176 # from 24:00 -03 to 23:00 -04 on Wednesday 1946-08-28. Although this was a
1177 # no-op for wall clocks in the north and south of the country, put their formal
1178 # start to DST an hour later when they reached 24:00 -04.
1179 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19460828/#page/1
1180 # After a brief "Winter Time" stint at -05 beginning 1947-04-01, Law Number
1181 # 8,777, promulgated 1947-05-17, established year-round -04 "from 23:00 on the
1182 # second day after it is published in the 'Diario Oficial'." It was published
1183 # on Monday 1947-05-19 and so took effect from Wednesday 1947-05-21 23:00.
1184 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do-h/19470519/#page/1
1186 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
1187 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
1188 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
1190 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
1191 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
1192 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
1194 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
1195 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
1196 # on April 3, (one-time change).
1198 # From Germán Poo-Caamaño (2008-03-03):
1199 # Due to drought, Chile extends Daylight Time in three weeks. This
1200 # is one-time change (Saturday 3/29 at 24:00 for America/Santiago
1201 # and Saturday 3/29 at 22:00 for Pacific/Easter)
1202 # The Supreme Decree is located at
1203 # http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf
1205 # From José Miguel Garrido (2008-03-05):
1206 # http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm
1208 # From Angel Chiang (2010-03-04):
1209 # Subject: DST in Chile exceptionally extended to 3 April due to earthquake
1210 # http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/viewNoticia.aspx?idArticulo=30098
1212 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-03-06):
1213 # Angel Chiang's message confirmed by Julio Pacheco; Julio provided a patch.
1215 # From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-28):
1216 # http://diario.elmercurio.com/2011/03/28/_portada/_portada/noticias/7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E.htm?id=3D{7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E}
1218 # Chile's clocks will go back an hour this year on the 7th of May instead
1219 # of this Saturday. They will go forward again the 3rd Saturday in
1220 # August, not in October as they have since 1968.
1222 # From Mauricio Parada (2012-02-22), translated by Glenn Eychaner (2012-02-23):
1223 # As stated in the website of the Chilean Energy Ministry
1224 # http://www.minenergia.cl/ministerio/noticias/generales/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de.html
1225 # The Chilean Government has decided to postpone the entrance into winter time
1226 # (to leave DST) from March 11 2012 to April 28th 2012....
1227 # Quote from the website communication:
1229 # 6. For the year 2012, the dates of entry into winter time will be as follows:
1230 # a. Saturday April 28, 2012, clocks should go back 60 minutes; that is, at
1231 # 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be 23:00
1233 # b. Saturday, September 1, 2012, clocks should go forward 60 minutes; that is,
1234 # at 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be
1235 # 01:00 on September 2.
1237 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-02-15):
1238 # According to several news sources, Chile has extended DST this year,
1239 # they will end DST later and start DST earlier than planned. They
1240 # hope to save energy. The new end date is 2013-04-28 00:00 and new
1241 # start date is 2013-09-08 00:00....
1242 # http://www.gob.cl/informa/2013/02/15/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de-hora-para-el-ano-2013.htm
1244 # From José Miguel Garrido (2014-02-19):
1245 # Today appeared in the Diario Oficial a decree amending the time change
1247 # DST End: last Saturday of April 2014 (Sun 27 Apr 2014 03:00 UTC)
1248 # DST Start: first Saturday of September 2014 (Sun 07 Sep 2014 04:00 UTC)
1249 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl//media/2014/02/19/do-20140219.pdf
1251 # From Eduardo Romero Urra (2015-03-03):
1252 # Today has been published officially that Chile will use the DST time
1253 # permanently until March 25 of 2017
1254 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/media/2015/03/03/1-large.jpg
1256 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03):
1257 # For now, assume that the extension will persist indefinitely.
1259 # From Juan Correa (2016-03-18):
1260 # The decree regarding DST has been published in today's Official Gazette:
1261 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/versiones-anteriores/do/20160318/
1262 # http://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=1088502
1263 # It does consider the second Saturday of May and August as the dates
1264 # for the transition; and it lists DST dates until 2019, but I think
1265 # this scheme will stick.
1267 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1268 # For now, assume the pattern holds for the indefinite future.
1269 # The decree says transitions occur at 24:00; in practice this appears
1270 # to mean 24:00 mainland time, not 24:00 local time, so that Easter
1271 # Island is always two hours behind the mainland.
1273 # From Juan Correa (2016-12-04):
1274 # Magallanes region ... will keep DST (UTC -3) all year round....
1275 # http://www.soychile.cl/Santiago/Sociedad/2016/12/04/433428/Bachelet-firmo-el-decreto-para-establecer-un-horario-unico-para-la-Region-de-Magallanes.aspx
1276 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2017-01-19):
1277 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2017/01/17/41660/01/1169626.pdf
1279 # From Juan Correa (2018-08-13):
1280 # As of moments ago, the Ministry of Energy in Chile has announced the new
1281 # schema for DST. ... Announcement in video (in Spanish):
1282 # https://twitter.com/MinEnergia/status/1029000399129374720
1283 # From Yonathan Dossow (2018-08-13):
1284 # The video says "first Saturday of September", we all know it means Sunday at
1286 # From Tim Parenti (2018-08-13):
1287 # Translating the captions on the video at 0:44-0:55, "We want to announce as
1288 # Government that from 2019, Winter Time will be increased to 5 months, between
1289 # the first Saturday of April and the first Saturday of September."
1290 # At 2:08-2:20, "The Magallanes region will maintain its current time, as
1291 # decided by the citizens during 2017, but our Government will promote a
1292 # regional dialogue table to gather their opinion on this matter."
1293 # https://twitter.com/MinEnergia/status/1029009354001973248
1294 # "We will keep the new time policy unchanged for at least the next 4 years."
1295 # So we extend the new rules on Saturdays at 24:00 mainland time indefinitely.
1296 # From Juan Correa (2019-02-04):
1297 # http://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2018/11/23/42212/01/1498738.pdf
1299 # From Juan Correa (2022-04-02):
1300 # I found there was a decree published last Thursday that will keep
1301 # Magallanes region to UTC -3 "indefinitely". The decree is available at
1302 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2022/03/31/43217-B/01/2108910.pdf
1304 # From Juan Correa (2022-08-09):
1305 # the Internal Affairs Ministry (Ministerio del Interior) informed DST
1306 # for America/Santiago will start on midnight of September 11th;
1307 # and will end on April 1st, 2023. Magallanes region (America/Punta_Arenas)
1308 # will keep UTC -3 "indefinitely"... This is because on September 4th
1309 # we will have a voting whether to approve a new Constitution.
1311 # From Eduardo Romero Urra (2022-08-17):
1312 # https://www.diariooficial.interior.gob.cl/publicaciones/2022/08/13/43327/01/2172567.pdf
1314 # From Paul Eggert (2022-08-17):
1315 # Although the presidential decree stops at fall 2026, assume that
1316 # similar DST rules will continue thereafter.
1318 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1319 Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 -
1320 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1321 Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 -
1322 Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
1323 Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 -
1324 Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 -
1325 Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 -
1326 Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1327 Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1328 Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 -
1329 Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1330 Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
1331 Rule Chile 1988 1990 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1332 Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1333 Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 -
1334 Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1335 Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1336 Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
1337 Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1338 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 -
1339 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
1340 Rule Chile 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1341 Rule Chile 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1342 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
1343 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
1344 Rule Chile 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
1345 Rule Chile 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1346 Rule Chile 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 -
1347 Rule Chile 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
1348 Rule Chile 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 -
1349 Rule Chile 2012 2014 - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 -
1350 Rule Chile 2012 2014 - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 -
1351 Rule Chile 2016 2018 - May Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
1352 Rule Chile 2016 2018 - Aug Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1353 Rule Chile 2019 max - Apr Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
1354 Rule Chile 2019 2021 - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 -
1355 Rule Chile 2022 only - Sep Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 -
1356 Rule Chile 2023 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 -
1357 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
1358 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
1359 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1360 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:45 - LMT 1890
1361 -4:42:45 - SMT 1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
1362 -5:00 - -05 1916 Jul 1
1363 -4:42:45 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
1364 -4:00 - -04 1919 Jul 1
1365 -4:42:45 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
1366 -5:00 Chile -05/-04 1932 Sep 1
1367 -4:00 - -04 1942 Jun 1
1368 -5:00 - -05 1942 Aug 1
1369 -4:00 - -04 1946 Jul 14 24:00
1370 -4:00 1:00 -03 1946 Aug 28 24:00 # central CL
1371 -5:00 1:00 -04 1947 Mar 31 24:00
1372 -5:00 - -05 1947 May 21 23:00
1374 Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 - LMT 1890
1375 -4:42:45 - SMT 1910 Jan 10
1376 -5:00 - -05 1916 Jul 1
1377 -4:42:45 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
1378 -4:00 - -04 1919 Jul 1
1379 -4:42:45 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
1380 -5:00 Chile -05/-04 1932 Sep 1
1381 -4:00 - -04 1942 Jun 1
1382 -5:00 - -05 1942 Aug 1
1383 -4:00 - -04 1946 Aug 28 24:00
1384 -5:00 1:00 -04 1947 Mar 31 24:00
1385 -5:00 - -05 1947 May 21 23:00
1386 -4:00 Chile -04/-03 2016 Dec 4
1388 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890
1389 -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time
1390 -7:00 Chile -07/-06 1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
1393 # Salas y Gómez Island is uninhabited.
1394 # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernández Is, Desventuradas Is,
1395 # and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
1397 # Antarctic base using South American rules
1398 # (See the file 'antarctica' for more.)
1400 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
1402 # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
1403 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
1404 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
1405 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
1406 # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
1407 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
1409 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1410 Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - -00 1965
1411 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
1412 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1982 May
1413 -4:00 Chile -04/-03 2016 Dec 4
1418 # Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogotá time in 1899. He writes,
1419 # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
1421 # From Alois Treindl (2022-11-10):
1422 # End of time change in Colombia 1993 ... should be 6 February 24h ...
1423 # DECRETO 267 DE 1993
1424 # https://www.suin-juriscol.gov.co/viewDocument.asp?ruta=Decretos/1061335
1426 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1427 Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 -
1428 Rule CO 1993 only - Feb 6 24:00 0 -
1429 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1431 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:16 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
1432 -4:56:16 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
1434 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
1435 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
1440 # Milne says the Central and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
1442 # From Alois Treindl (2016-12-15):
1443 # https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/hora-sixto-1993.html
1444 # ... Whether the law applied also to Galápagos, I do not know.
1445 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-15):
1446 # https://www.elcomercio.com/afull/modificacion-husohorario-ecuador-presidentes-decreto.html
1447 # This says President Sixto Durán Ballén signed decree No. 285, which
1448 # established DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05; it does not give transition
1449 # times. The people called it "hora de Sixto" ("Sixto hour"). The change did
1450 # not go over well; a popular song "Qué hora es" by Jaime Guevara had lyrics
1451 # that included "Amanecía en mitad de la noche, los guaguas iban a clase sin
1452 # sol" ("It was dawning in the middle of the night, the buses went to class
1453 # without sun"). Although Ballén's campaign slogan was "Ni un paso atrás"
1454 # (Not one step back), the clocks went back in 1993 and the experiment was not
1455 # repeated. For now, assume transitions were at 00:00 local time country-wide.
1457 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1458 Rule Ecuador 1992 only - Nov 28 0:00 1:00 -
1459 Rule Ecuador 1993 only - Feb 5 0:00 0 -
1461 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1462 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
1463 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
1464 -5:00 Ecuador -05/-04
1465 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
1467 -6:00 Ecuador -06/-05
1471 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1472 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
1473 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1475 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
1476 # via Jesper Nørgaard:
1477 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
1478 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
1479 # September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
1480 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
1481 # Sunday 1 September.
1483 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
1485 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
1486 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
1487 # what was said then:
1489 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
1490 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
1491 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
1492 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
1493 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
1494 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
1495 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
1496 # and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
1497 # is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
1500 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
1501 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
1502 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
1504 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
1505 # Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
1506 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
1507 # West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
1508 # DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
1509 # it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
1511 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
1512 # which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
1513 # the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
1514 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
1516 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1517 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
1520 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-04-01):
1521 # The Falkland Islands will not turn back clocks this winter, but stay on
1522 # daylight saving time.
1525 # http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3
1527 # We have gotten this confirmed by a clerk of the legislative assembly:
1528 # Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the
1529 # third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3
1530 # hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs.
1532 # IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands
1533 # will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer
1534 # time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011. Any long term
1535 # change to local time following the trial period will be notified.
1537 # From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24)
1538 # A letter from Justin McPhee, Chief Executive,
1539 # Cable & Wireless Falkland Islands (dated 2012-02-22)
1541 # The current Atlantic/Stanley entry under South America expects the
1542 # clocks to go back to standard Falklands Time (FKT) on the 15th April.
1543 # The database entry states that in 2011 Stanley was staying on fixed
1544 # summer time on a trial basis only. FIG need to contact IANA and/or
1545 # the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting
1546 # the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years.
1548 # For now we will assume permanent -03 for the Falklands
1549 # until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011
1550 # experiment was apparently successful.)
1551 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1552 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 -
1553 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
1554 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 -
1555 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 -
1556 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
1557 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 -
1558 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
1559 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 -
1560 Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 -
1561 Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
1562 Rule Falk 2001 2010 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
1563 Rule Falk 2001 2010 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
1564 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1565 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
1566 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
1567 -4:00 Falk -04/-03 1983 May
1568 -3:00 Falk -03/-02 1985 Sep 15
1569 -4:00 Falk -04/-03 2010 Sep 5 2:00
1573 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1574 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
1575 -4:00 - -04 1967 Oct
1580 # From P Chan (2020-11-27):
1581 # https://books.google.com/books?id=5-5CAQAAMAAJ&pg=SA1-PA547
1582 # The Official Gazette of British Guiana. (New Series.) Vol. XL. July to
1583 # December, 1915, p 1547, lists as several notes:
1584 # "Local Mean Time 3 hours 52 mins. 39 secs. slow of Greenwich Mean Time
1585 # (Georgetown.) From 1st August, 1911, British Guiana Standard Mean Time 4
1586 # hours slow of Greenwich Mean Time, by notice in Official Gazette on 1st July,
1587 # 1911. From 1st March, 1915, British Guiana Standard Mean Time 3 hours 45
1588 # mins. 0 secs. slow of Greenwich Mean Time, by notice in Official Gazette on
1589 # 23rd January, 1915."
1591 # https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/10923-act_no._27_of_1975_-_interpretation_and_general_clauses_(amendment)_act_1975.pdf
1592 # Interpretation and general clauses (Amendment) Act 1975 (Act No. 27 of 1975)
1593 # [dated 1975-07-31]
1594 # "This Act...shall come into operation on 1st August, 1975."
1595 # "...where any expression of time occurs...the time referred to shall signify
1596 # the standard time of Guyana which shall be three hours behind Greenwich Mean
1599 # Circular No. 10/1992 dated 1992-03-20
1600 # https://dps.gov.gy/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/1992-03-20-Circular-010.pdf
1601 # "...cabinet has decided that with effect from Sunday 29th March, 1992, Guyana
1602 # Standard Time would be re-established at 01:00 hours by adjusting the hands
1603 # of the clock back to 24:00 hours."
1604 # Legislated in the Interpretation and general clauses (Amendment) Act 1992
1605 # (Act No. 6 of 1992) [passed 1992-03-27, published 1992-04-18]
1606 # https://parliament.gov.gy/documents/acts/5885-6_of_1992_interpretation_and_general_clauses_(amendment)_act_1992.pdf
1608 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1609 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:39 - LMT 1911 Aug 1 # Georgetown
1610 -4:00 - -04 1915 Mar 1
1611 -3:45 - -0345 1975 Aug 1
1612 -3:00 - -03 1992 Mar 29 1:00
1617 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1618 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are 01:00 -> 02:00,
1619 # and autumn transitions are 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
1620 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
1622 # From Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo (2013-09-20):
1623 # No time of the day is established for the adjustment, so people normally
1624 # adjust their clocks at 0 hour of the given dates.
1626 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1627 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 -
1628 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
1629 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1630 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 -
1631 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 -
1632 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 -
1633 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
1634 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 -
1635 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
1636 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 -
1637 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
1638 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
1639 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
1640 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
1641 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
1644 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
1645 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asunción, Paraguay (2000-10-01):
1646 # http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm
1647 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
1648 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
1649 # system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
1650 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
1651 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
1652 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
1654 Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
1655 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1656 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
1657 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
1658 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
1659 Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1660 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
1661 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (No. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
1662 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
1664 Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1665 Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
1667 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
1668 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
1669 # a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
1670 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
1671 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
1672 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso via Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
1673 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf
1674 Rule Para 2004 2009 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 -
1675 Rule Para 2005 2009 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
1676 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2010-02-18):
1677 # By decree number 3958 issued yesterday
1678 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf
1679 # Paraguay changes its DST schedule, postponing the March rule to April and
1680 # modifying the October date. The decree reads:
1682 # Art. 1. It is hereby established that from the second Sunday of the month of
1683 # April of this year (2010), the official time is to be set back 60 minutes,
1684 # and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set
1685 # forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic.
1687 Rule Para 2010 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
1688 Rule Para 2010 2012 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
1690 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07):
1691 # Paraguay will end DST on 2013-03-24 00:00....
1692 # http://www.ande.gov.py/interna.php?id=1075
1694 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2013-03-15):
1695 # The change in Paraguay is now final. Decree number 10780
1696 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/uploads/pdf/presidencia-3b86ff4b691c79d4f5927ca964922ec74772ce857c02ca054a52a37b49afc7fb.pdf
1697 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2014-02-28):
1698 # Decree 1264 can be found at:
1699 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/archivos/documentos/DECRETO1264_ey9r8zai.pdf
1700 Rule Para 2013 max - Mar Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
1702 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1703 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
1704 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
1705 -4:00 - -04 1972 Oct
1706 -3:00 - -03 1974 Apr
1711 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26)
1712 # <news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>:
1713 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
1714 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
1716 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1717 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
1719 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1720 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 -
1721 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1722 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 -
1723 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
1724 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 -
1725 Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1726 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 -
1727 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1728 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1729 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 -
1730 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1731 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1732 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
1733 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
1737 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1738 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
1742 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1745 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1746 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
1747 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
1748 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
1749 -3:30 - -0330 1984 Oct
1753 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1754 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1756 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-20), per Jeremie Bonjour (2018-01-31) and Michael
1757 # Deckers (2018-02-20):
1758 # ... At least they kept good records...
1760 # http://www.armada.mil.uy/ContenidosPDFs/sohma/web/almanaque/almanaque_2018.pdf#page=36
1761 # Page 36 of Almanaque 2018, published by the Oceanography, Hydrography, and
1762 # Meteorology Service of the Uruguayan Navy, seems to give many transitions
1763 # with greater clarity than we've had before. It directly references many laws
1764 # and decrees which are, in turn, referenced below. They can be viewed in the
1765 # public archives of the Diario Oficial (in Spanish) at
1766 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/
1768 # Ley No. 3920 of 1908-06-10 placed the determination of legal time under the
1769 # auspices of the National Institute for the Prediction of Time. It is unclear
1770 # exactly what offset was used during this period, though Ley No. 7200 of
1771 # 1920-04-23 used the Observatory of the National Meteorological Institute in
1772 # Montevideo (34° 54' 33" S, 56° 12' 45" W) as its reference meridian,
1773 # retarding legal time by 15 minutes 9 seconds from 1920-04-30 24:00,
1774 # resulting in UT-04. Assume the corresponding LMT of UT-03:44:51 (given on
1775 # page 725 of the Proceedings of the Second Pan-American Scientific Congress,
1776 # 1915-1916) was in use, and merely became official from 1908-06-10.
1777 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1908/06/18/12
1778 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1920/04/27/9
1780 # Ley No. 7594 of 1923-06-28 specified legal time as Observatory time advanced
1781 # by 44 minutes 51 seconds (UT-03) "from 30 September to 31 March", and by 14
1782 # minutes 51 seconds (UT-03:30) "the rest of the year"; a message from the
1783 # National Council of Administration the same day, published directly below the
1784 # law in the Diario Oficial, specified the first transition to be 1923-09-30
1785 # 24:00. This effectively established standard time at UT-03:30 with 30
1786 # minutes DST. Assume transitions at 24:00 on the specified days until Ley No.
1787 # 7919 of 1926-03-05 ended this arrangement, repealing all "laws and other
1788 # provisions which oppose" it, resulting in year-round UT-03:30; a Resolución
1789 # of 1926-03-11 puts the final transition at 1926-03-31 24:00, the same as it
1790 # would have been under the previous law.
1791 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1923/07/02/2
1792 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1926/03/10/2
1793 # https://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1926/03/18/2
1795 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1796 Rule Uruguay 1923 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 -
1797 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
1798 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1799 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1933/10/27/6
1801 # It appears Ley No. 9122 of 1933 was never published as such in the Diario
1802 # Oficial, but instead appeared as Document 26 in the Diario on Friday
1803 # 1933-10-27 as a decree made Monday 1933-10-23 and filed under the Ministry of
1804 # National Defense. It reinstituted a DST of 30 minutes (to UT-03) "from the
1805 # last Sunday of October...until the last Saturday of March." In accordance
1806 # with this provision, the first transition was explicitly specified in Article
1807 # 2 of the decree as Saturday 1933-10-28 at 24:00; that is, Sunday 1933-10-29
1808 # at 00:00. Assume transitions at 00:00 Sunday throughout.
1810 # Departing from the matter-of-fact nature of previous timekeeping laws, the
1811 # 1933 decree "consider[s] the advantages of...the advance of legal time":
1813 # "Whereas: The measure adopted by almost all nations at the time of the last
1814 # World War still persists in North America and Europe, precisely because of
1815 # the economic, hygienic, and social advantages derived from such an
1816 # emergency measure...
1818 # Whereas: The advance of the legal time during the summer seasons, by
1819 # displacing social activity near sunrise, favors the citizen populations
1820 # and especially the society that creates and works..."
1822 # It further specified that "necessary measures" be taken to ensure that
1823 # "public spectacles finish, in general, before [01:00]."
1824 Rule Uruguay 1933 1938 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -
1825 Rule Uruguay 1934 1941 - Mar lastSat 24:00 0 -
1826 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1827 # Most of the Rules below, and their contemporaneous Zone lines, have been
1828 # updated simply to match the Almanaque 2018. Although the document does not
1829 # list exact transition times, midnight transitions were already present in our
1830 # data here for all transitions through 2004-09, and this is both consistent
1831 # with prior transitions and verified in several decrees marked below between
1832 # 1939-09 and 2004-09, wherein the relevant text was typically of the form:
1834 # "From 0 hours on [date], the legal time of the entire Republic will be...
1836 # In accordance with [the preceding], on [previous date] at 24 hours, all
1837 # clocks throughout the Republic will be [advanced/retarded] by..."
1839 # It is possible that there is greater specificity to be found for the Rules
1840 # below, but it is buried in no fewer than 40 different decrees individually
1841 # referenced by the Almanaque for the period from 1939-09 to 2014-09.
1842 # Four-fifths of these were promulgated less than two weeks before taking
1843 # effect; more than half within a week and none more than 5 weeks. Only the
1844 # handful with comments below have been checked with any thoroughness.
1845 Rule Uruguay 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 -
1846 Rule Uruguay 1940 only - Oct 27 0:00 0:30 -
1847 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1848 # Decreto 1145 of the Ministry of National Defense, dated 1941-07-26, specified
1849 # UT-03 from Friday 1941-08-01 00:00, citing an "urgent...need to save fuel".
1850 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1941/08/04/1
1851 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 -
1852 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1853 # Decreto 1866 of the Ministry of National Defense, dated 1942-12-09, specified
1854 # further advancement (to UT-02:30) from Sunday 1942-12-13 24:00. Since clocks
1855 # never went back to UT-03:30 thereafter, this is modeled as advancing standard
1856 # time by 30 minutes to UT-03, while retaining 30 minutes of DST.
1857 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1942/12/16/3
1858 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 0:30 -
1859 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
1860 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 0:30 -
1861 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
1862 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 -
1863 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
1864 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 -
1865 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
1866 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1867 # Decreto 321/968 of 1968-05-25, citing emergency drought measures decreed the
1868 # day before, brought clocks forward 30 minutes from Monday 1968-05-27 00:00.
1869 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1968/05/30/5
1870 Rule Uruguay 1968 only - May 27 0:00 0:30 -
1871 Rule Uruguay 1968 only - Dec 1 0:00 0 -
1872 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1873 # Decreto 188/970 of 1970-04-23 instituted restrictions on electricity
1874 # consumption "as a consequence of the current rainfall regime in the country".
1875 # Articles 13 and 14 advanced clocks by an hour from Saturday 1970-04-25 00:00.
1876 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1970/04/29/4
1877 Rule Uruguay 1970 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 -
1878 Rule Uruguay 1970 only - Jun 14 0:00 0 -
1879 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 -
1880 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Jul 16 0:00 0 -
1881 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1882 # Decreto 29/974 of 1974-01-11, citing "the international rise in the price of
1883 # oil", advanced clocks by 90 minutes (to UT-01:30). Decreto 163/974 of
1884 # 1974-03-04 returned 60 of those minutes (to UT-02:30), and the remaining 30
1885 # minutes followed in Decreto 679/974 of 1974-08-29.
1886 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/01/22/11
1887 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/03/14/3
1888 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1974/09/04/6
1889 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Jan 13 0:00 1:30 -
1890 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 -
1891 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
1892 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 -
1893 Rule Uruguay 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 0 -
1894 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Dec 19 0:00 1:00 -
1895 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
1896 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 -
1897 Rule Uruguay 1978 1979 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1898 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Dec 17 0:00 1:00 -
1899 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 -
1900 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - Mar 16 0:00 0 -
1901 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1902 # Decreto 725/987 of 1987-12-04 cited "better use of national tourist
1903 # attractions" to advance clocks one hour from Monday 1987-12-14 00:00.
1904 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/1988/01/25/1
1905 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 -
1906 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
1907 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 -
1908 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 5 0:00 0 -
1909 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 -
1910 Rule Uruguay 1990 only - Feb 25 0:00 0 -
1911 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15), per Paul Eggert (1999-11-04):
1912 # IATA agrees as below for 1990-10 through 1993-02. Per Almanaque 2018, the
1913 # 1992/1993 season appears to be the first in over half a century where DST
1914 # both began and ended pursuant to the same decree.
1915 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 -
1916 Rule Uruguay 1991 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
1917 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 -
1918 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
1919 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1920 # The Uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1921 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1922 # Decreto 328/004 of 2004-09-15.
1923 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2004/09/23/documentos.pdf#page=1
1924 Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 -
1925 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1926 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1927 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1928 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1929 # This 2005 postponement is not in Almanaque 2018. Go with the contemporaneous
1930 # reporting, which is confirmed by Decreto 107/005 of 2005-03-10 amending
1932 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2005/03/15/documentos.pdf#page=1
1933 # The original decree specified a transition of 2005-03-12 24:00, but the new
1934 # one specified 2005-03-27 02:00.
1935 Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
1936 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1937 # ...from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at 02:00 local time,
1938 # official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1939 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1940 # Decreto 318/005 of 2005-09-19.
1941 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2005/09/23/documentos.pdf#page=1
1942 Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 -
1943 Rule Uruguay 2006 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 -
1944 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15), per Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1945 # Decreto 311/006 of 2006-09-04 established regular DST from the first Sunday
1946 # of October at 02:00 through the second Sunday of March at 02:00. Almanaque
1947 # 2018 appears to have a few typoed dates through this period; ignore them.
1948 # http://www.impo.com.uy/diariooficial/2006/09/08/documentos.pdf#page=1
1949 Rule Uruguay 2006 2014 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
1950 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-06-30):
1951 # ... it looks like they will not be using DST the coming summer:
1952 # http://www.elobservador.com.uy/gobierno-resolvio-que-no-habra-cambio-horario-verano-n656787
1953 # http://www.republica.com.uy/este-ano-no-se-modificara-el-huso-horario-en-uruguay/523760/
1954 # From Paul Eggert (2015-06-30):
1955 # Apparently restaurateurs complained that DST caused people to go to the beach
1956 # instead of out to dinner.
1957 # From Pablo Camargo (2015-07-13):
1958 # http://archivo.presidencia.gub.uy/sci/decretos/2015/06/cons_min_201.pdf
1959 # From Tim Parenti (2018-02-15):
1960 # Decreto 178/015 of 2015-06-29; repeals Decreto 311/006.
1962 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
1963 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:51 - LMT 1908 Jun 10
1964 -3:44:51 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
1965 -4:00 - -04 1923 Oct 1
1966 -3:30 Uruguay -0330/-03 1942 Dec 14
1967 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0230 1960
1968 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-02 1968
1969 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0230 1970
1970 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-02 1974
1971 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0130 1974 Mar 10
1972 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0230 1974 Dec 22
1973 -3:00 Uruguay -03/-02
1977 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-28):
1978 # For the 1965 transition see Gaceta Oficial No. 27.619 (1964-12-15), p 205.533
1979 # http://www.pgr.gob.ve/dmdocuments/1964/27619.pdf
1981 # From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
1982 # ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
1983 # been brought forward to 2007-12-09. The official announcement was
1984 # published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana
1985 # de Venezuela, número 38.819" (official document for all laws or
1986 # resolution publication)
1987 # http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208
1989 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-04-15):
1990 # https://actualidad.rt.com/actualidad/204758-venezuela-modificar-huso-horario-sequia-elnino
1992 # From Paul Eggert (2016-04-15):
1993 # Clocks advance 30 minutes on 2016-05-01 at 02:30....
1994 # "'Venezuela's new time-zone: hours without light, hours without water,
1995 # hours of presidential broadcasts, hours of lines,' quipped comedian
1996 # Jean Mary Curró ...". See: Cawthorne A, Kai D. Venezuela scraps
1997 # half-hour time difference set by Chavez. Reuters 2016-04-15 14:50 -0400
1998 # https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-timezone-idUSKCN0XC2BE
2000 # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-20):
2001 # ... published in the official Gazette [2016-04-18], here:
2002 # http://historico.tsj.gob.ve/gaceta_ext/abril/1842016/E-1842016-4551.pdf
2004 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2005 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
2006 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
2007 -4:30 - -0430 1965 Jan 1 0:00
2008 -4:00 - -04 2007 Dec 9 3:00
2009 -4:30 - -0430 2016 May 1 2:30
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