sys/amd64/amd64/trap.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (C) 1994, David Greenman
   3  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
   4  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   5  *
   6  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   7  * the University of Utah, and William Jolitz.
   8  *
   9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  11  * are met:
  12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  19  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  20  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  21  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  22  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  23  *    without specific prior written permission.
  24  *
  25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  28  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  29  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  36  *
  37  *      from: @(#)trap.c        7.4 (Berkeley) 5/13/91
  38  */
  39
  40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  41 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  42
  43 /*
  44  * AMD64 Trap and System call handling
  45  */
  46
  47 #include "opt_clock.h"
  48 #include "opt_cpu.h"
  49 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
  50 #include "opt_isa.h"
  51 #include "opt_kdb.h"
  52 #include "opt_kdtrace.h"
  53
  54 #include <sys/param.h>
  55 #include <sys/bus.h>
  56 #include <sys/systm.h>
  57 #include <sys/proc.h>
  58 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
  59 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
  60 #include <sys/kdb.h>
  61 #include <sys/kernel.h>
  62 #include <sys/ktr.h>
  63 #include <sys/lock.h>
  64 #include <sys/mutex.h>
  65 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
  66 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
  67 #include <sys/syscall.h>
  68 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  69 #include <sys/sysent.h>
  70 #include <sys/uio.h>
  71 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  72 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
  73 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
  74 PMC_SOFT_DEFINE( , , page_fault, all);
  75 PMC_SOFT_DEFINE( , , page_fault, read);
  76 PMC_SOFT_DEFINE( , , page_fault, write);
  77 #endif
  78
  79 #include <vm/vm.h>
  80 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  81 #include <vm/pmap.h>
  82 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
  83 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
  84 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
  85 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
  86
  87 #include <machine/cpu.h>
  88 #include <machine/intr_machdep.h>
  89 #include <x86/mca.h>
  90 #include <machine/md_var.h>
  91 #include <machine/pcb.h>
  92 #ifdef SMP
  93 #include <machine/smp.h>
  94 #endif
  95 #include <machine/tss.h>
  96
  97 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
  98 #include <sys/dtrace_bsd.h>
  99
 100 /*
 101  * This is a hook which is initialised by the dtrace module
 102  * to handle traps which might occur during DTrace probe
 103  * execution.
 104  */
 105 dtrace_trap_func_t      dtrace_trap_func;
 106
 107 dtrace_doubletrap_func_t        dtrace_doubletrap_func;
 108
 109 /*
 110  * This is a hook which is initialised by the systrace module
 111  * when it is loaded. This keeps the DTrace syscall provider
 112  * implementation opaque.
 113  */
 114 systrace_probe_func_t   systrace_probe_func;
 115
 116 /*
 117  * These hooks are necessary for the pid and usdt providers.
 118  */
 119 dtrace_pid_probe_ptr_t          dtrace_pid_probe_ptr;
 120 dtrace_return_probe_ptr_t       dtrace_return_probe_ptr;
 121 #endif
 122
 123 extern void trap(struct trapframe *frame);
 124 extern void syscall(struct trapframe *frame);
 125 void dblfault_handler(struct trapframe *frame);
 126
 127 static int trap_pfault(struct trapframe *, int);
 128 static void trap_fatal(struct trapframe *, vm_offset_t);
 129
 130 #define MAX_TRAP_MSG            32
 131 static char *trap_msg[] = {
 132         "",                                     /*  0 unused */
 133         "privileged instruction fault",         /*  1 T_PRIVINFLT */
 134         "",                                     /*  2 unused */
 135         "breakpoint instruction fault",         /*  3 T_BPTFLT */
 136         "",                                     /*  4 unused */
 137         "",                                     /*  5 unused */
 138         "arithmetic trap",                      /*  6 T_ARITHTRAP */
 139         "",                                     /*  7 unused */
 140         "",                                     /*  8 unused */
 141         "general protection fault",             /*  9 T_PROTFLT */
 142         "trace trap",                           /* 10 T_TRCTRAP */
 143         "",                                     /* 11 unused */
 144         "page fault",                           /* 12 T_PAGEFLT */
 145         "",                                     /* 13 unused */
 146         "alignment fault",                      /* 14 T_ALIGNFLT */
 147         "",                                     /* 15 unused */
 148         "",                                     /* 16 unused */
 149         "",                                     /* 17 unused */
 150         "integer divide fault",                 /* 18 T_DIVIDE */
 151         "non-maskable interrupt trap",          /* 19 T_NMI */
 152         "overflow trap",                        /* 20 T_OFLOW */
 153         "FPU bounds check fault",               /* 21 T_BOUND */
 154         "FPU device not available",             /* 22 T_DNA */
 155         "double fault",                         /* 23 T_DOUBLEFLT */
 156         "FPU operand fetch fault",              /* 24 T_FPOPFLT */
 157         "invalid TSS fault",                    /* 25 T_TSSFLT */
 158         "segment not present fault",            /* 26 T_SEGNPFLT */
 159         "stack fault",                          /* 27 T_STKFLT */
 160         "machine check trap",                   /* 28 T_MCHK */
 161         "SIMD floating-point exception",        /* 29 T_XMMFLT */
 162         "reserved (unknown) fault",             /* 30 T_RESERVED */
 163         "",                                     /* 31 unused (reserved) */
 164         "DTrace pid return trap",               /* 32 T_DTRACE_RET */
 165 };
 166
 167 #ifdef KDB
 168 static int kdb_on_nmi = 1;
 169 SYSCTL_INT(_machdep, OID_AUTO, kdb_on_nmi, CTLFLAG_RW,
 170         &kdb_on_nmi, 0, "Go to KDB on NMI");
 171 TUNABLE_INT("machdep.kdb_on_nmi", &kdb_on_nmi);
 172 #endif
 173 static int panic_on_nmi = 1;
 174 SYSCTL_INT(_machdep, OID_AUTO, panic_on_nmi, CTLFLAG_RW,
 175         &panic_on_nmi, 0, "Panic on NMI");
 176 TUNABLE_INT("machdep.panic_on_nmi", &panic_on_nmi);
 177 static int prot_fault_translation;
 178 SYSCTL_INT(_machdep, OID_AUTO, prot_fault_translation, CTLFLAG_RW,
 179     &prot_fault_translation, 0,
 180     "Select signal to deliver on protection fault");
 181 static int uprintf_signal;
 182 SYSCTL_INT(_machdep, OID_AUTO, uprintf_signal, CTLFLAG_RW,
 183     &uprintf_signal, 0,
 184     "Print debugging information on trap signal to ctty");
 185
 186 /*
 187  * Exception, fault, and trap interface to the FreeBSD kernel.
 188  * This common code is called from assembly language IDT gate entry
 189  * routines that prepare a suitable stack frame, and restore this
 190  * frame after the exception has been processed.
 191  */
 192
 193 void
 194 trap(struct trapframe *frame)
 195 {
 196 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
 197         struct reg regs;
 198 #endif
 199         struct thread *td = curthread;
 200         struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
 201         int i = 0, ucode = 0, code;
 202         u_int type;
 203         register_t addr = 0;
 204         ksiginfo_t ksi;
 205
 206         PCPU_INC(cnt.v_trap);
 207         type = frame->tf_trapno;
 208
 209 #ifdef SMP
 210         /* Handler for NMI IPIs used for stopping CPUs. */
 211         if (type == T_NMI) {
 212                  if (ipi_nmi_handler() == 0)
 213                            goto out;
 214         }
 215 #endif /* SMP */
 216
 217 #ifdef KDB
 218         if (kdb_active) {
 219                 kdb_reenter();
 220                 goto out;
 221         }
 222 #endif
 223
 224         if (type == T_RESERVED) {
 225                 trap_fatal(frame, 0);
 226                 goto out;
 227         }
 228
 229 #ifdef  HWPMC_HOOKS
 230         /*
 231          * CPU PMCs interrupt using an NMI.  If the PMC module is
 232          * active, pass the 'rip' value to the PMC module's interrupt
 233          * handler.  A return value of '1' from the handler means that
 234          * the NMI was handled by it and we can return immediately.
 235          */
 236         if (type == T_NMI && pmc_intr &&
 237             (*pmc_intr)(PCPU_GET(cpuid), frame))
 238                 goto out;
 239 #endif
 240
 241         if (type == T_MCHK) {
 242                 mca_intr();
 243                 goto out;
 244         }
 245
 246 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
 247         /*
 248          * A trap can occur while DTrace executes a probe. Before
 249          * executing the probe, DTrace blocks re-scheduling and sets
 250          * a flag in its per-cpu flags to indicate that it doesn't
 251          * want to fault. On returning from the probe, the no-fault
 252          * flag is cleared and finally re-scheduling is enabled.
 253          */
 254         if (dtrace_trap_func != NULL && (*dtrace_trap_func)(frame, type))
 255                 goto out;
 256 #endif
 257
 258         if ((frame->tf_rflags & PSL_I) == 0) {
 259                 /*
 260                  * Buggy application or kernel code has disabled
 261                  * interrupts and then trapped.  Enabling interrupts
 262                  * now is wrong, but it is better than running with
 263                  * interrupts disabled until they are accidentally
 264                  * enabled later.
 265                  */
 266                 if (ISPL(frame->tf_cs) == SEL_UPL)
 267                         uprintf(
 268                             "pid %ld (%s): trap %d with interrupts disabled\n",
 269                             (long)curproc->p_pid, curthread->td_name, type);
 270                 else if (type != T_NMI && type != T_BPTFLT &&
 271                     type != T_TRCTRAP) {
 272                         /*
 273                          * XXX not quite right, since this may be for a
 274                          * multiple fault in user mode.
 275                          */
 276                         printf("kernel trap %d with interrupts disabled\n",
 277                             type);
 278
 279                         /*
 280                          * We shouldn't enable interrupts while holding a
 281                          * spin lock.
 282                          */
 283                         if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0)
 284                                 enable_intr();
 285                 }
 286         }
 287
 288         code = frame->tf_err;
 289
 290         if (ISPL(frame->tf_cs) == SEL_UPL) {
 291                 /* user trap */
 292
 293                 td->td_pticks = 0;
 294                 td->td_frame = frame;
 295                 addr = frame->tf_rip;
 296                 if (td->td_ucred != p->p_ucred)
 297                         cred_update_thread(td);
 298
 299                 switch (type) {
 300                 case T_PRIVINFLT:       /* privileged instruction fault */
 301                         i = SIGILL;
 302                         ucode = ILL_PRVOPC;
 303                         break;
 304
 305                 case T_BPTFLT:          /* bpt instruction fault */
 306                 case T_TRCTRAP:         /* trace trap */
 307                         enable_intr();
 308 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
 309                         if (type == T_BPTFLT) {
 310                                 fill_frame_regs(frame, &regs);
 311                                 if (dtrace_pid_probe_ptr != NULL &&
 312                                     dtrace_pid_probe_ptr(&regs) == 0)
 313                                         goto out;
 314                         }
 315 #endif
 316                         frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_T;
 317                         i = SIGTRAP;
 318                         ucode = (type == T_TRCTRAP ? TRAP_TRACE : TRAP_BRKPT);
 319                         break;
 320
 321                 case T_ARITHTRAP:       /* arithmetic trap */
 322                         ucode = fputrap_x87();
 323                         if (ucode == -1)
 324                                 goto userout;
 325                         i = SIGFPE;
 326                         break;
 327
 328                 case T_PROTFLT:         /* general protection fault */
 329                         i = SIGBUS;
 330                         ucode = BUS_OBJERR;
 331                         break;
 332                 case T_STKFLT:          /* stack fault */
 333                 case T_SEGNPFLT:        /* segment not present fault */
 334                         i = SIGBUS;
 335                         ucode = BUS_ADRERR;
 336                         break;
 337                 case T_TSSFLT:          /* invalid TSS fault */
 338                         i = SIGBUS;
 339                         ucode = BUS_OBJERR;
 340                         break;
 341                 case T_ALIGNFLT:
 342                         i = SIGBUS;
 343                         ucode = BUS_ADRALN;
 344                         break;
 345                 case T_DOUBLEFLT:       /* double fault */
 346                 default:
 347                         i = SIGBUS;
 348                         ucode = BUS_OBJERR;
 349                         break;
 350
 351                 case T_PAGEFLT:         /* page fault */
 352                         addr = frame->tf_addr;
 353                         i = trap_pfault(frame, TRUE);
 354                         if (i == -1)
 355                                 goto userout;
 356                         if (i == 0)
 357                                 goto user;
 358
 359                         if (i == SIGSEGV)
 360                                 ucode = SEGV_MAPERR;
 361                         else {
 362                                 if (prot_fault_translation == 0) {
 363                                         /*
 364                                          * Autodetect.
 365                                          * This check also covers the images
 366                                          * without the ABI-tag ELF note.
 367                                          */
 368                                         if (SV_CURPROC_ABI() == SV_ABI_FREEBSD
 369                                             && p->p_osrel >= P_OSREL_SIGSEGV) {
 370                                                 i = SIGSEGV;
 371                                                 ucode = SEGV_ACCERR;
 372                                         } else {
 373                                                 i = SIGBUS;
 374                                                 ucode = BUS_PAGE_FAULT;
 375                                         }
 376                                 } else if (prot_fault_translation == 1) {
 377                                         /*
 378                                          * Always compat mode.
 379                                          */
 380                                         i = SIGBUS;
 381                                         ucode = BUS_PAGE_FAULT;
 382                                 } else {
 383                                         /*
 384                                          * Always SIGSEGV mode.
 385                                          */
 386                                         i = SIGSEGV;
 387                                         ucode = SEGV_ACCERR;
 388                                 }
 389                         }
 390                         break;
 391
 392                 case T_DIVIDE:          /* integer divide fault */
 393                         ucode = FPE_INTDIV;
 394                         i = SIGFPE;
 395                         break;
 396
 397 #ifdef DEV_ISA
 398                 case T_NMI:
 399                         /* machine/parity/power fail/"kitchen sink" faults */
 400                         if (isa_nmi(code) == 0) {
 401 #ifdef KDB
 402                                 /*
 403                                  * NMI can be hooked up to a pushbutton
 404                                  * for debugging.
 405                                  */
 406                                 if (kdb_on_nmi) {
 407                                         printf ("NMI ... going to debugger\n");
 408                                         kdb_trap(type, 0, frame);
 409                                 }
 410 #endif /* KDB */
 411                                 goto userout;
 412                         } else if (panic_on_nmi)
 413                                 panic("NMI indicates hardware failure");
 414                         break;
 415 #endif /* DEV_ISA */
 416
 417                 case T_OFLOW:           /* integer overflow fault */
 418                         ucode = FPE_INTOVF;
 419                         i = SIGFPE;
 420                         break;
 421
 422                 case T_BOUND:           /* bounds check fault */
 423                         ucode = FPE_FLTSUB;
 424                         i = SIGFPE;
 425                         break;
 426
 427                 case T_DNA:
 428                         /* transparent fault (due to context switch "late") */
 429                         KASSERT(PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
 430                             ("kernel FPU ctx has leaked"));
 431                         fpudna();
 432                         goto userout;
 433
 434                 case T_FPOPFLT:         /* FPU operand fetch fault */
 435                         ucode = ILL_COPROC;
 436                         i = SIGILL;
 437                         break;
 438
 439                 case T_XMMFLT:          /* SIMD floating-point exception */
 440                         ucode = fputrap_sse();
 441                         if (ucode == -1)
 442                                 goto userout;
 443                         i = SIGFPE;
 444                         break;
 445 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
 446                 case T_DTRACE_RET:
 447                         enable_intr();
 448                         fill_frame_regs(frame, &regs);
 449                         if (dtrace_return_probe_ptr != NULL &&
 450                             dtrace_return_probe_ptr(&regs) == 0)
 451                                 goto out;
 452                         break;
 453 #endif
 454                 }
 455         } else {
 456                 /* kernel trap */
 457
 458                 KASSERT(cold || td->td_ucred != NULL,
 459                     ("kernel trap doesn't have ucred"));
 460                 switch (type) {
 461                 case T_PAGEFLT:                 /* page fault */
 462                         (void) trap_pfault(frame, FALSE);
 463                         goto out;
 464
 465                 case T_DNA:
 466                         KASSERT(!PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
 467                             ("Unregistered use of FPU in kernel"));
 468                         fpudna();
 469                         goto out;
 470
 471                 case T_ARITHTRAP:       /* arithmetic trap */
 472                 case T_XMMFLT:          /* SIMD floating-point exception */
 473                 case T_FPOPFLT:         /* FPU operand fetch fault */
 474                         /*
 475                          * XXXKIB for now disable any FPU traps in kernel
 476                          * handler registration seems to be overkill
 477                          */
 478                         trap_fatal(frame, 0);
 479                         goto out;
 480
 481                 case T_STKFLT:          /* stack fault */
 482                 case T_PROTFLT:         /* general protection fault */
 483                 case T_SEGNPFLT:        /* segment not present fault */
 484                         if (td->td_intr_nesting_level != 0)
 485                                 break;
 486
 487                         /*
 488                          * Invalid segment selectors and out of bounds
 489                          * %rip's and %rsp's can be set up in user mode.
 490                          * This causes a fault in kernel mode when the
 491                          * kernel tries to return to user mode.  We want
 492                          * to get this fault so that we can fix the
 493                          * problem here and not have to check all the
 494                          * selectors and pointers when the user changes
 495                          * them.
 496                          */
 497                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)doreti_iret) {
 498                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)doreti_iret_fault;
 499                                 goto out;
 500                         }
 501                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)ld_ds) {
 502                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)ds_load_fault;
 503                                 goto out;
 504                         }
 505                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)ld_es) {
 506                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)es_load_fault;
 507                                 goto out;
 508                         }
 509                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)ld_fs) {
 510                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)fs_load_fault;
 511                                 goto out;
 512                         }
 513                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)ld_gs) {
 514                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)gs_load_fault;
 515                                 goto out;
 516                         }
 517                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)ld_gsbase) {
 518                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)gsbase_load_fault;
 519                                 goto out;
 520                         }
 521                         if (frame->tf_rip == (long)ld_fsbase) {
 522                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)fsbase_load_fault;
 523                                 goto out;
 524                         }
 525                         if (curpcb->pcb_onfault != NULL) {
 526                                 frame->tf_rip = (long)curpcb->pcb_onfault;
 527                                 goto out;
 528                         }
 529                         break;
 530
 531                 case T_TSSFLT:
 532                         /*
 533                          * PSL_NT can be set in user mode and isn't cleared
 534                          * automatically when the kernel is entered.  This
 535                          * causes a TSS fault when the kernel attempts to
 536                          * `iret' because the TSS link is uninitialized.  We
 537                          * want to get this fault so that we can fix the
 538                          * problem here and not every time the kernel is
 539                          * entered.
 540                          */
 541                         if (frame->tf_rflags & PSL_NT) {
 542                                 frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_NT;
 543                                 goto out;
 544                         }
 545                         break;
 546
 547                 case T_TRCTRAP:  /* trace trap */
 548                         /*
 549                          * Ignore debug register trace traps due to
 550                          * accesses in the user's address space, which
 551                          * can happen under several conditions such as
 552                          * if a user sets a watchpoint on a buffer and
 553                          * then passes that buffer to a system call.
 554                          * We still want to get TRCTRAPS for addresses
 555                          * in kernel space because that is useful when
 556                          * debugging the kernel.
 557                          */
 558                         if (user_dbreg_trap()) {
 559                                 /*
 560                                  * Reset breakpoint bits because the
 561                                  * processor doesn't
 562                                  */
 563                                 /* XXX check upper bits here */
 564                                 load_dr6(rdr6() & 0xfffffff0);
 565                                 goto out;
 566                         }
 567                         /*
 568                          * FALLTHROUGH (TRCTRAP kernel mode, kernel address)
 569                          */
 570                 case T_BPTFLT:
 571                         /*
 572                          * If KDB is enabled, let it handle the debugger trap.
 573                          * Otherwise, debugger traps "can't happen".
 574                          */
 575 #ifdef KDB
 576                         if (kdb_trap(type, 0, frame))
 577                                 goto out;
 578 #endif
 579                         break;
 580
 581 #ifdef DEV_ISA
 582                 case T_NMI:
 583                         /* machine/parity/power fail/"kitchen sink" faults */
 584                         if (isa_nmi(code) == 0) {
 585 #ifdef KDB
 586                                 /*
 587                                  * NMI can be hooked up to a pushbutton
 588                                  * for debugging.
 589                                  */
 590                                 if (kdb_on_nmi) {
 591                                         printf ("NMI ... going to debugger\n");
 592                                         kdb_trap(type, 0, frame);
 593                                 }
 594 #endif /* KDB */
 595                                 goto out;
 596                         } else if (panic_on_nmi == 0)
 597                                 goto out;
 598                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 599 #endif /* DEV_ISA */
 600                 }
 601
 602                 trap_fatal(frame, 0);
 603                 goto out;
 604         }
 605
 606         /* Translate fault for emulators (e.g. Linux) */
 607         if (*p->p_sysent->sv_transtrap)
 608                 i = (*p->p_sysent->sv_transtrap)(i, type);
 609
 610         ksiginfo_init_trap(&ksi);
 611         ksi.ksi_signo = i;
 612         ksi.ksi_code = ucode;
 613         ksi.ksi_trapno = type;
 614         ksi.ksi_addr = (void *)addr;
 615         if (uprintf_signal) {
 616                 uprintf("pid %d comm %s: signal %d err %lx code %d type %d "
 617                     "addr 0x%lx rsp 0x%lx rip 0x%lx "
 618                     "<%02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x>\n",
 619                     p->p_pid, p->p_comm, i, frame->tf_err, ucode, type, addr,
 620                     frame->tf_rsp, frame->tf_rip,
 621                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 0)),
 622                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 1)),
 623                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 2)),
 624                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 3)),
 625                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 4)),
 626                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 5)),
 627                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 6)),
 628                     fubyte((void *)(frame->tf_rip + 7)));
 629         }
 630         KASSERT((read_rflags() & PSL_I) != 0, ("interrupts disabled"));
 631         trapsignal(td, &ksi);
 632
 633 user:
 634         userret(td, frame);
 635         mtx_assert(&Giant, MA_NOTOWNED);
 636         KASSERT(PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
 637             ("Return from trap with kernel FPU ctx leaked"));
 638 userout:
 639 out:
 640         return;
 641 }
 642
 643 static int
 644 trap_pfault(frame, usermode)
 645         struct trapframe *frame;
 646         int usermode;
 647 {
 648         vm_offset_t va;
 649         struct vmspace *vm = NULL;
 650         vm_map_t map;
 651         int rv = 0;
 652         vm_prot_t ftype;
 653         struct thread *td = curthread;
 654         struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
 655         vm_offset_t eva = frame->tf_addr;
 656
 657         if (__predict_false((td->td_pflags & TDP_NOFAULTING) != 0)) {
 658                 /*
 659                  * Due to both processor errata and lazy TLB invalidation when
 660                  * access restrictions are removed from virtual pages, memory
 661                  * accesses that are allowed by the physical mapping layer may
 662                  * nonetheless cause one spurious page fault per virtual page.
 663                  * When the thread is executing a "no faulting" section that
 664                  * is bracketed by vm_fault_{disable,enable}_pagefaults(),
 665                  * every page fault is treated as a spurious page fault,
 666                  * unless it accesses the same virtual address as the most
 667                  * recent page fault within the same "no faulting" section.
 668                  */
 669                 if (td->td_md.md_spurflt_addr != eva ||
 670                     (td->td_pflags & TDP_RESETSPUR) != 0) {
 671                         /*
 672                          * Do nothing to the TLB.  A stale TLB entry is
 673                          * flushed automatically by a page fault.
 674                          */
 675                         td->td_md.md_spurflt_addr = eva;
 676                         td->td_pflags &= ~TDP_RESETSPUR;
 677                         return (0);
 678                 }
 679         } else {
 680                 /*
 681                  * If we get a page fault while in a critical section, then
 682                  * it is most likely a fatal kernel page fault.  The kernel
 683                  * is already going to panic trying to get a sleep lock to
 684                  * do the VM lookup, so just consider it a fatal trap so the
 685                  * kernel can print out a useful trap message and even get
 686                  * to the debugger.
 687                  *
 688                  * If we get a page fault while holding a non-sleepable
 689                  * lock, then it is most likely a fatal kernel page fault.
 690                  * If WITNESS is enabled, then it's going to whine about
 691                  * bogus LORs with various VM locks, so just skip to the
 692                  * fatal trap handling directly.
 693                  */
 694                 if (td->td_critnest != 0 ||
 695                     WITNESS_CHECK(WARN_SLEEPOK | WARN_GIANTOK, NULL,
 696                     "Kernel page fault") != 0) {
 697                         trap_fatal(frame, eva);
 698                         return (-1);
 699                 }
 700         }
 701         va = trunc_page(eva);
 702         if (va >= VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS) {
 703                 /*
 704                  * Don't allow user-mode faults in kernel address space.
 705                  */
 706                 if (usermode)
 707                         goto nogo;
 708
 709                 map = kernel_map;
 710         } else {
 711                 /*
 712                  * This is a fault on non-kernel virtual memory.
 713                  * vm is initialized above to NULL. If curproc is NULL
 714                  * or curproc->p_vmspace is NULL the fault is fatal.
 715                  */
 716                 if (p != NULL)
 717                         vm = p->p_vmspace;
 718
 719                 if (vm == NULL)
 720                         goto nogo;
 721
 722                 map = &vm->vm_map;
 723
 724                 /*
 725                  * When accessing a usermode address, kernel must be
 726                  * ready to accept the page fault, and provide a
 727                  * handling routine.  Since accessing the address
 728                  * without the handler is a bug, do not try to handle
 729                  * it normally, and panic immediately.
 730                  */
 731                 if (!usermode && (td->td_intr_nesting_level != 0 ||
 732                     curpcb->pcb_onfault == NULL)) {
 733                         trap_fatal(frame, eva);
 734                         return (-1);
 735                 }
 736         }
 737
 738         /*
 739          * PGEX_I is defined only if the execute disable bit capability is
 740          * supported and enabled.
 741          */
 742         if (frame->tf_err & PGEX_W)
 743                 ftype = VM_PROT_WRITE;
 744         else if ((frame->tf_err & PGEX_I) && pg_nx != 0)
 745                 ftype = VM_PROT_EXECUTE;
 746         else
 747                 ftype = VM_PROT_READ;
 748
 749         if (map != kernel_map) {
 750                 /*
 751                  * Keep swapout from messing with us during this
 752                  *      critical time.
 753                  */
 754                 PROC_LOCK(p);
 755                 ++p->p_lock;
 756                 PROC_UNLOCK(p);
 757
 758                 /* Fault in the user page: */
 759                 rv = vm_fault(map, va, ftype, VM_FAULT_NORMAL);
 760
 761                 PROC_LOCK(p);
 762                 --p->p_lock;
 763                 PROC_UNLOCK(p);
 764         } else {
 765                 /*
 766                  * Don't have to worry about process locking or stacks in the
 767                  * kernel.
 768                  */
 769                 rv = vm_fault(map, va, ftype, VM_FAULT_NORMAL);
 770         }
 771         if (rv == KERN_SUCCESS) {
 772 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
 773                 if (ftype == VM_PROT_READ || ftype == VM_PROT_WRITE) {
 774                         PMC_SOFT_CALL_TF( , , page_fault, all, frame);
 775                         if (ftype == VM_PROT_READ)
 776                                 PMC_SOFT_CALL_TF( , , page_fault, read,
 777                                     frame);
 778                         else
 779                                 PMC_SOFT_CALL_TF( , , page_fault, write,
 780                                     frame);
 781                 }
 782 #endif
 783                 return (0);
 784         }
 785 nogo:
 786         if (!usermode) {
 787                 if (td->td_intr_nesting_level == 0 &&
 788                     curpcb->pcb_onfault != NULL) {
 789                         frame->tf_rip = (long)curpcb->pcb_onfault;
 790                         return (0);
 791                 }
 792                 if ((td->td_pflags & TDP_DEVMEMIO) != 0) {
 793                         KASSERT(curpcb->pcb_onfault != NULL,
 794                             ("/dev/mem without pcb_onfault"));
 795                         frame->tf_rip = (long)curpcb->pcb_onfault;
 796                         return (0);
 797                 }
 798                 trap_fatal(frame, eva);
 799                 return (-1);
 800         }
 801
 802         return((rv == KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE) ? SIGBUS : SIGSEGV);
 803 }
 804
 805 static void
 806 trap_fatal(frame, eva)
 807         struct trapframe *frame;
 808         vm_offset_t eva;
 809 {
 810         int code, ss;
 811         u_int type;
 812         long esp;
 813         struct soft_segment_descriptor softseg;
 814         char *msg;
 815
 816         code = frame->tf_err;
 817         type = frame->tf_trapno;
 818         sdtossd(&gdt[NGDT * PCPU_GET(cpuid) + IDXSEL(frame->tf_cs & 0xffff)],
 819             &softseg);
 820
 821         if (type <= MAX_TRAP_MSG)
 822                 msg = trap_msg[type];
 823         else
 824                 msg = "UNKNOWN";
 825         printf("\n\nFatal trap %d: %s while in %s mode\n", type, msg,
 826             ISPL(frame->tf_cs) == SEL_UPL ? "user" : "kernel");
 827 #ifdef SMP
 828         /* two separate prints in case of a trap on an unmapped page */
 829         printf("cpuid = %d; ", PCPU_GET(cpuid));
 830         printf("apic id = %02x\n", PCPU_GET(apic_id));
 831 #endif
 832         if (type == T_PAGEFLT) {
 833                 printf("fault virtual address   = 0x%lx\n", eva);
 834                 printf("fault code              = %s %s %s, %s\n",
 835                         code & PGEX_U ? "user" : "supervisor",
 836                         code & PGEX_W ? "write" : "read",
 837                         code & PGEX_I ? "instruction" : "data",
 838                         code & PGEX_P ? "protection violation" : "page not present");
 839         }
 840         printf("instruction pointer     = 0x%lx:0x%lx\n",
 841                frame->tf_cs & 0xffff, frame->tf_rip);
 842         if (ISPL(frame->tf_cs) == SEL_UPL) {
 843                 ss = frame->tf_ss & 0xffff;
 844                 esp = frame->tf_rsp;
 845         } else {
 846                 ss = GSEL(GDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
 847                 esp = (long)&frame->tf_rsp;
 848         }
 849         printf("stack pointer           = 0x%x:0x%lx\n", ss, esp);
 850         printf("frame pointer           = 0x%x:0x%lx\n", ss, frame->tf_rbp);
 851         printf("code segment            = base 0x%lx, limit 0x%lx, type 0x%x\n",
 852                softseg.ssd_base, softseg.ssd_limit, softseg.ssd_type);
 853         printf("                        = DPL %d, pres %d, long %d, def32 %d, gran %d\n",
 854                softseg.ssd_dpl, softseg.ssd_p, softseg.ssd_long, softseg.ssd_def32,
 855                softseg.ssd_gran);
 856         printf("processor eflags        = ");
 857         if (frame->tf_rflags & PSL_T)
 858                 printf("trace trap, ");
 859         if (frame->tf_rflags & PSL_I)
 860                 printf("interrupt enabled, ");
 861         if (frame->tf_rflags & PSL_NT)
 862                 printf("nested task, ");
 863         if (frame->tf_rflags & PSL_RF)
 864                 printf("resume, ");
 865         printf("IOPL = %ld\n", (frame->tf_rflags & PSL_IOPL) >> 12);
 866         printf("current process         = %d (%s)\n",
 867             curproc->p_pid, curthread->td_name);
 868
 869 #ifdef KDB
 870         if (debugger_on_panic || kdb_active)
 871                 if (kdb_trap(type, 0, frame))
 872                         return;
 873 #endif
 874         printf("trap number             = %d\n", type);
 875         if (type <= MAX_TRAP_MSG)
 876                 panic("%s", trap_msg[type]);
 877         else
 878                 panic("unknown/reserved trap");
 879 }
 880
 881 /*
 882  * Double fault handler. Called when a fault occurs while writing
 883  * a frame for a trap/exception onto the stack. This usually occurs
 884  * when the stack overflows (such is the case with infinite recursion,
 885  * for example).
 886  */
 887 void
 888 dblfault_handler(struct trapframe *frame)
 889 {
 890 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
 891         if (dtrace_doubletrap_func != NULL)
 892                 (*dtrace_doubletrap_func)();
 893 #endif
 894         printf("\nFatal double fault\n");
 895         printf("rip = 0x%lx\n", frame->tf_rip);
 896         printf("rsp = 0x%lx\n", frame->tf_rsp);
 897         printf("rbp = 0x%lx\n", frame->tf_rbp);
 898 #ifdef SMP
 899         /* two separate prints in case of a trap on an unmapped page */
 900         printf("cpuid = %d; ", PCPU_GET(cpuid));
 901         printf("apic id = %02x\n", PCPU_GET(apic_id));
 902 #endif
 903         panic("double fault");
 904 }
 905
 906 int
 907 cpu_fetch_syscall_args(struct thread *td, struct syscall_args *sa)
 908 {
 909         struct proc *p;
 910         struct trapframe *frame;
 911         register_t *argp;
 912         caddr_t params;
 913         int reg, regcnt, error;
 914
 915         p = td->td_proc;
 916         frame = td->td_frame;
 917         reg = 0;
 918         regcnt = 6;
 919
 920         params = (caddr_t)frame->tf_rsp + sizeof(register_t);
 921         sa->code = frame->tf_rax;
 922
 923         if (sa->code == SYS_syscall || sa->code == SYS___syscall) {
 924                 sa->code = frame->tf_rdi;
 925                 reg++;
 926                 regcnt--;
 927         }
 928         if (p->p_sysent->sv_mask)
 929                 sa->code &= p->p_sysent->sv_mask;
 930
 931         if (sa->code >= p->p_sysent->sv_size)
 932                 sa->callp = &p->p_sysent->sv_table[0];
 933         else
 934                 sa->callp = &p->p_sysent->sv_table[sa->code];
 935
 936         sa->narg = sa->callp->sy_narg;
 937         KASSERT(sa->narg <= sizeof(sa->args) / sizeof(sa->args[0]),
 938             ("Too many syscall arguments!"));
 939         error = 0;
 940         argp = &frame->tf_rdi;
 941         argp += reg;
 942         bcopy(argp, sa->args, sizeof(sa->args[0]) * regcnt);
 943         if (sa->narg > regcnt) {
 944                 KASSERT(params != NULL, ("copyin args with no params!"));
 945                 error = copyin(params, &sa->args[regcnt],
 946                     (sa->narg - regcnt) * sizeof(sa->args[0]));
 947         }
 948
 949         if (error == 0) {
 950                 td->td_retval[0] = 0;
 951                 td->td_retval[1] = frame->tf_rdx;
 952         }
 953
 954         return (error);
 955 }
 956
 957 #include "../../kern/subr_syscall.c"
 958
 959 /*
 960  * System call handler for native binaries.  The trap frame is already
 961  * set up by the assembler trampoline and a pointer to it is saved in
 962  * td_frame.
 963  */
 964 void
 965 amd64_syscall(struct thread *td, int traced)
 966 {
 967         struct syscall_args sa;
 968         int error;
 969         ksiginfo_t ksi;
 970
 971 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
 972         if (ISPL(td->td_frame->tf_cs) != SEL_UPL) {
 973                 panic("syscall");
 974                 /* NOT REACHED */
 975         }
 976 #endif
 977         error = syscallenter(td, &sa);
 978
 979         /*
 980          * Traced syscall.
 981          */
 982         if (__predict_false(traced)) {
 983                 td->td_frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_T;
 984                 ksiginfo_init_trap(&ksi);
 985                 ksi.ksi_signo = SIGTRAP;
 986                 ksi.ksi_code = TRAP_TRACE;
 987                 ksi.ksi_addr = (void *)td->td_frame->tf_rip;
 988                 trapsignal(td, &ksi);
 989         }
 990
 991         KASSERT(PCB_USER_FPU(td->td_pcb),
 992             ("System call %s returing with kernel FPU ctx leaked",
 993              syscallname(td->td_proc, sa.code)));
 994         KASSERT(td->td_pcb->pcb_save == get_pcb_user_save_td(td),
 995             ("System call %s returning with mangled pcb_save",
 996              syscallname(td->td_proc, sa.code)));
 997
 998         syscallret(td, error, &sa);
 999
1000         /*
1001          * If the user-supplied value of %rip is not a canonical
1002          * address, then some CPUs will trigger a ring 0 #GP during
1003          * the sysret instruction.  However, the fault handler would
1004          * execute in ring 0 with the user's %gs and %rsp which would
1005          * not be safe.  Instead, use the full return path which
1006          * catches the problem safely.
1007          */
1008         if (td->td_frame->tf_rip >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
1009                 set_pcb_flags(td->td_pcb, PCB_FULL_IRET);
1010 }