1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20150818: p1 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
21 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
24 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
25 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
27 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
30 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
32 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
34 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
36 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
38 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
40 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
42 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
44 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
47 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
48 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
49 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
51 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
53 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
56 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
58 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
59 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
61 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
62 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
64 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
67 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
68 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
70 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
73 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
76 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
77 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
79 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
81 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
83 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
86 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
88 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
90 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
92 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
95 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
97 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
98 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
100 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
102 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
103 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
105 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
107 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
109 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
111 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
113 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
114 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
116 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
117 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
119 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
121 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
122 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
124 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
125 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
127 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
128 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
130 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
131 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
133 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
134 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
136 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
138 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
142 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
143 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
144 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
145 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
149 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
150 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
151 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
152 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
153 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
154 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
155 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
158 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
159 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
160 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
163 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
164 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
165 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
166 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
167 be removed during a clean upgrade.
170 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
171 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
172 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
175 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
176 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
177 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
180 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
181 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
182 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
183 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
184 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
188 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
189 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
190 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
191 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
192 to do the right thing.
195 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
196 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
197 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
200 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
201 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
202 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
205 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
206 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
207 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
208 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
209 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
212 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
215 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
218 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
219 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
220 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
221 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
222 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
223 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
226 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
227 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
228 kernel is still highly recommended.
231 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
232 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
233 capability mode support in kernel.
236 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
237 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
238 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
239 the nfe(4) driver instead.
245 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
246 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
247 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
248 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
249 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
250 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
251 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
252 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
253 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
256 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
257 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
258 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
259 should change your settings to use the latter.
262 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
263 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
264 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
265 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
266 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
269 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
270 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
271 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
273 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
275 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
278 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
279 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
280 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
281 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
282 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
283 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
285 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
286 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
287 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
288 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
289 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
290 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
292 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
293 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
297 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
298 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
299 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
300 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
302 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
303 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
304 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
305 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
308 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
309 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
310 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
313 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
314 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
315 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
316 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
319 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
320 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
321 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
325 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
326 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
327 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
331 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
332 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
333 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
334 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
335 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
336 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
339 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
340 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
341 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
344 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
345 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
346 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
349 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
350 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
351 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
352 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
353 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
354 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
357 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
358 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
359 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
361 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
362 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
363 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
364 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
365 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
368 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
369 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
370 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
371 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
375 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
376 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
377 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
380 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
382 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
383 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
384 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
385 old as well as the new version of find.
388 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
389 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
390 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
391 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
392 subdirectories must be reviewed.
395 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
396 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
397 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
399 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
401 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
402 users are advised to upgrade.
405 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
406 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
409 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
410 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
411 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
414 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
415 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
417 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
418 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
419 overloading the machine.
422 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
423 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
424 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
425 write access to that file.
428 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
429 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
432 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
434 make: illegal option -- J
435 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
437 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
439 this likely due to an old instance of make in
440 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
441 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
442 you see the above error:
444 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
449 Use bmake by default.
450 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
451 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
452 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
454 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
455 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
456 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
457 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
458 behavior in parallel build.
461 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
464 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
465 the IDEA patent expired.
468 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
469 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
473 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
474 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
475 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
476 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
477 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
478 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
479 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
483 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
484 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
485 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
486 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
490 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
491 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
492 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
493 binaries will not work on older kernels.
496 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
497 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
500 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
501 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
502 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
503 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
506 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
507 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
508 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
509 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
510 in /boot/loader.conf.
513 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
514 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
515 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
516 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
517 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
520 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
521 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
523 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
524 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
527 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
528 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
529 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
530 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
531 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
534 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
535 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
536 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
537 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
538 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
542 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
543 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
544 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
545 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
546 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
547 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
548 use is expected to be extremely rare.
551 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
552 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
553 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
556 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
557 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
558 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
562 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
563 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
564 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
569 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
570 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
571 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
574 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
575 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
576 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
577 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
578 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
579 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
582 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
583 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
584 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
585 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
586 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
587 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
588 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
592 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
593 functionality now turned on by default.
596 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
597 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
598 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
599 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
600 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
601 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
602 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
603 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
604 of the two kernel options.
607 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
608 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
609 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
610 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
613 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
614 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
618 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
619 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
620 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
623 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
624 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
625 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
626 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
627 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
630 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
631 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
632 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
633 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
636 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
639 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
640 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
641 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
645 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
646 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
650 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
651 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
652 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
655 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
656 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
657 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
658 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
659 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
663 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
664 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
667 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
668 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
669 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
670 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
674 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
675 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
676 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
679 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
680 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
681 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
684 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
685 with other variables:
686 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
687 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
690 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
691 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
692 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
693 installed as "bsdsort".
696 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
697 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
698 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
699 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
700 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
701 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
702 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
703 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
704 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
707 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
708 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
709 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
710 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
711 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
712 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
716 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
717 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
718 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
719 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
720 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
721 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
722 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
725 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
729 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
730 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
731 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
732 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
733 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
734 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
737 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
738 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
739 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
740 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
744 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
745 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
746 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
747 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
749 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
750 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
753 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
754 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
755 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
757 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
760 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
761 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
762 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
763 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
764 not supported anymore.
766 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
767 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
768 need to be recompiled.
771 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
775 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
776 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
777 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
781 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
782 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
785 sysinstall has been removed
788 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
789 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
792 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
793 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
794 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
795 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
796 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
797 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
798 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
799 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
800 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
801 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
804 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
805 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
806 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
807 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
810 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
811 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
812 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
813 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
815 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
816 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
817 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
820 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
821 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
822 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
823 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
826 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
828 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
829 The following sysctl is retired:
830 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
831 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
832 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
833 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
834 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
835 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
836 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
837 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
838 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
839 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
843 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
847 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
848 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
849 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
853 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
856 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
857 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
858 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
859 drivers need to be recompiled.
861 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
862 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
863 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
864 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
868 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
869 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
872 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
873 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
874 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
875 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
876 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
877 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
878 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
879 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
880 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
881 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
882 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
884 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
886 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
887 a diskless root fs use the old client.
890 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
891 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
892 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
893 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
894 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
895 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
896 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
897 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
898 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
899 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
900 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
901 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
903 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
904 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
905 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
906 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
907 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
908 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
909 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
910 them are parts of the cam module.
912 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
913 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
914 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
916 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
917 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
918 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
923 , and instead add back:
924 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
925 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
926 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
927 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
928 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
931 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
932 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
933 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
934 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
935 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
936 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
939 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
940 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
941 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
944 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
945 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
946 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
947 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
948 in order to use ath on everything else.
950 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
951 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
954 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
955 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
956 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
959 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
960 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
961 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
962 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
963 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
964 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
967 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
968 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
969 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
970 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
971 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
973 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
974 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
977 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
978 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
979 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
980 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
981 The function remains undocumented.
984 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
985 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
986 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
987 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
988 systems where the define is not present can check against
989 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
991 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
992 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
993 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
994 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
995 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
996 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
999 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1000 the following warning:
1001 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1002 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1003 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1004 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1005 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1006 install it on your system.
1008 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1009 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1010 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1011 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1014 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1015 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1016 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1017 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1021 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1022 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1023 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1024 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1025 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1026 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1027 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1028 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1029 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1030 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1031 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1032 it, for example via:
1033 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1035 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1036 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1037 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1038 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1039 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1040 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1041 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1043 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1044 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1047 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1048 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1049 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1050 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1051 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1054 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1055 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1056 migrate local entries to the new format.
1059 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1060 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1064 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1065 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1066 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1067 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1068 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1069 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1072 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1073 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1075 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1076 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1077 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1080 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1081 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1082 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1083 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1084 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1086 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1087 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1088 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1091 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1092 now i386 and amd64 only.
1093 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1094 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1095 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1096 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1097 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1098 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1101 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1102 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1105 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1106 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1107 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1108 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1109 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1110 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1111 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1112 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1113 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1114 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1115 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1118 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1119 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1120 machine powerpc powerpc
1122 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1126 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1127 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1128 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1129 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1130 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1133 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1134 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1135 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1136 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1137 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1140 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1141 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1142 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1143 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1145 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1146 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1147 to unwanted behavior.
1150 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1151 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1152 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1153 be modified accordingly.
1156 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1157 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1158 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1159 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1160 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1161 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1163 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1164 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1165 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1168 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1169 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1170 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1171 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1172 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1175 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1176 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1177 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1180 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1181 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1182 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1183 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1184 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1186 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1187 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1188 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1190 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1196 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1197 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1198 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1199 operation of applications on the console.
1201 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1202 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1203 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1206 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1207 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1208 performed by syscons(4).
1211 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1212 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1213 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1215 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1216 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1220 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1221 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1222 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1223 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1224 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1228 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1229 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1231 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1232 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1233 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1235 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1236 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1238 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1241 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1242 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1244 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1245 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1246 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1248 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1249 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1250 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1251 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1252 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1253 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1254 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1255 using ifconfig(8) like:
1257 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1259 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1262 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1264 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1265 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1266 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1267 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1268 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1271 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1272 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1275 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1276 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1277 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1278 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1279 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1280 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1283 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1284 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1287 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1288 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1289 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1293 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1294 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1295 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1298 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1299 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1302 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1303 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1304 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1307 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1308 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1309 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1312 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1313 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1314 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1315 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1316 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1319 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1320 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1321 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1322 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1323 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1326 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1327 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1328 may need to be adjusted.
1331 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1332 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1333 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1334 with routing sockets.
1337 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1338 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1339 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1342 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1343 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1344 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1348 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1349 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1350 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1353 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1354 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1355 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1356 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1357 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1358 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1359 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1360 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1362 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1363 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1364 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1365 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1366 authentication method is used.
1369 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1370 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1371 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1372 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1373 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1376 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1377 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1380 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1384 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1385 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1388 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1389 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1392 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1393 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1397 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1398 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1400 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1403 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1407 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1408 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1411 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1413 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1416 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1417 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1418 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1419 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1420 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1421 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1424 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1425 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1428 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1430 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1433 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1434 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1437 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1438 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1441 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1442 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1443 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1444 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1445 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1448 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1449 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1450 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1451 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1452 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1453 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1456 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1457 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1458 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1459 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1461 For kernel developers:
1463 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1464 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1465 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1467 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1468 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1469 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1470 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1472 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1473 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1474 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1475 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1476 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1477 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1478 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1479 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1480 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1481 multicast membership on-link.
1482 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1483 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1484 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1486 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1487 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1489 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1490 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1493 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1494 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1495 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1496 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1498 For application developers:
1500 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1503 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1504 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1506 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1507 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1508 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1509 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1511 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1512 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1513 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1514 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1515 Multicast Source Filters'.
1517 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1519 For systems administrators:
1521 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1522 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1523 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1524 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1525 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1527 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1528 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1530 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1531 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1532 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1533 recommended for optimal system performance.
1535 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1536 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1537 back forwarded datagrams.
1539 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1542 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1543 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1546 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1547 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1548 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1549 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1552 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1553 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1554 state will require a world rebuild.
1555 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1558 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1559 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1560 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1563 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1564 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1565 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1566 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1568 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1571 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1572 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1573 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1574 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1575 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1576 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1577 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1578 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1581 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1582 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1583 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1586 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1587 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1588 introduces some changes:
1590 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1591 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1592 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1594 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1595 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1596 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1597 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1599 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1600 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1601 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1604 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1607 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1608 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1609 (supported by sane).
1612 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1613 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1614 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1615 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1616 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1619 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1620 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1621 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1622 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1626 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1627 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1628 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1629 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1632 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1633 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1636 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1637 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1639 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1640 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1641 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1643 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1644 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1645 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1646 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1647 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1648 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1649 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1650 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1652 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1653 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1654 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1655 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1656 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1657 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1659 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1660 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1661 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1662 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1663 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1665 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1666 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1667 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1670 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1671 recompiled to reflect this.
1672 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1675 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1676 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1677 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1678 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1679 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1680 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1683 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1684 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1685 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1686 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1687 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1688 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1691 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1692 network device driver modules.
1695 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1696 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1699 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1700 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1701 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1702 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1703 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1707 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1708 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1709 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1713 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1714 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1716 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1717 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1718 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1721 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1722 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1723 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1724 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1725 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1726 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1728 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1729 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1731 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1732 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1735 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1736 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1737 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1740 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1741 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1742 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1743 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1747 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1748 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1751 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1752 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1753 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1754 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1755 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1756 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1759 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1760 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1761 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1762 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1765 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1766 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1767 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1768 in next mpd5.3 release.
1771 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1772 the base system (it was a port).
1775 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1776 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1779 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1780 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1781 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1782 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1783 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1784 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1785 none of the L2 information.
1788 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1789 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1791 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1793 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1797 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1798 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1799 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1800 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1803 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1804 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1805 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1806 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1807 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1811 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1812 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1813 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1814 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1817 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1820 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1821 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1822 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1823 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1824 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1830 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1831 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1835 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1836 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1837 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1838 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1839 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1840 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1841 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1844 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1845 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1846 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1847 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1848 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1851 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1857 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1859 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1860 cause compilation to fail.
1863 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1866 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1868 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1869 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1870 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1871 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1872 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1873 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1874 accepting the RSA key.
1876 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1877 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1880 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1881 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1882 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1886 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1887 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1888 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1890 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1891 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1892 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1893 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1894 use the new device names.
1896 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1897 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1898 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1899 at the loader prompt:
1901 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1902 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1903 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1904 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1908 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1912 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1913 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1914 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1915 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1918 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1919 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1922 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1923 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1924 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1925 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1926 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1929 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1930 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1931 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1932 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1933 For example, change:
1934 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1937 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1938 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1939 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1940 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1942 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1943 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1944 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1947 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1948 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1949 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1950 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1951 other operation levels.
1954 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1955 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1956 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1957 compatibility with any prior release:
1959 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1960 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1961 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1964 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1965 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1966 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1967 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1968 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1972 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1973 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1974 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1975 with older hardware easier to do.
1978 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1979 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1982 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1983 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1984 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1988 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1992 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1993 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1994 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1995 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1996 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1997 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1998 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1999 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2000 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2001 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2002 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2003 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2006 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2007 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2008 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2011 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2012 functionality is the default now.
2015 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2016 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2017 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2018 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2019 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2021 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2022 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2023 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2026 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2027 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2028 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2029 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2030 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2031 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2032 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2033 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2034 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2035 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2039 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2040 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2041 used kproc_start()..
2042 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2043 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2044 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2053 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2054 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2055 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2056 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2057 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2058 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2059 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2061 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2062 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2063 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2064 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2065 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2067 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2068 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2069 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2070 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2071 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2073 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2074 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2075 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2076 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2080 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2083 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2084 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2086 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2088 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2089 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2090 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2092 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2096 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2097 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2098 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2100 make kernel-toolchain
2101 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2102 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2104 To test a kernel once
2105 ---------------------
2106 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2107 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2108 debugging information) run
2109 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2110 nextboot -k testkernel
2112 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2113 --------------------------------------------------------------
2114 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2115 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2116 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2118 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2119 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2120 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2125 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2127 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2128 -----------------------------------------------------------
2129 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2130 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2132 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2134 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2136 <reboot in single user> [3]
2143 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2144 --------------------------------------------------
2145 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2146 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2147 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2150 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2153 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2154 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2155 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2156 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2157 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2158 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2159 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2160 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2161 <reboot into current>
2162 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2163 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2167 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2168 ----------------------------------------------
2169 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2171 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2173 <reboot in single user> [3]
2180 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2181 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2182 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2183 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2184 the UPDATING entries.
2186 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2187 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2188 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2189 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2190 much fewer pitfalls.
2192 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2193 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2196 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2201 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2202 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2203 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2205 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2206 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2207 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2208 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2209 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2210 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2211 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2213 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2214 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2215 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2216 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2217 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2218 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2220 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2221 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2222 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2224 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2225 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2226 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2227 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2228 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2229 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2231 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2232 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2234 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2235 cvs prune empty directories.
2237 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2238 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2239 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2241 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2242 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2243 warn if it is improperly defined.
2246 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2247 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2248 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2249 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2250 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2252 Copyright information:
2254 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2256 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2257 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2258 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2260 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2261 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2262 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2263 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2264 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2265 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2266 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2267 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2268 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2269 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2270 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2272 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of