1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
21 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
22 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
24 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
26 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
28 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
30 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
32 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
35 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
36 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
38 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
40 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
41 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
43 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
44 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
46 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
47 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
49 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
50 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
52 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
55 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
57 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
61 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
62 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
63 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
64 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
68 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
69 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
70 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
71 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
72 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
73 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
74 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
77 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
78 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
79 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
82 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
83 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
84 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
85 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
86 be removed during a clean upgrade.
89 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
90 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
91 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
94 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
95 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
96 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
99 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
100 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
101 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
102 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
103 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
107 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
108 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
109 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
110 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
111 to do the right thing.
114 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
115 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
116 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
119 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
120 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
121 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
124 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
125 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
126 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
127 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
128 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
131 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
134 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
137 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
138 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
139 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
140 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
141 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
142 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
145 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
146 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
147 kernel is still highly recommended.
150 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
151 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
152 capability mode support in kernel.
155 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
156 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
157 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
158 the nfe(4) driver instead.
164 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
165 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
166 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
167 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
168 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
169 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
170 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
171 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
172 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
175 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
176 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
177 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
178 should change your settings to use the latter.
181 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
182 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
183 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
184 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
185 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
188 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
189 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
190 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
192 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
194 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
197 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
198 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
199 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
200 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
201 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
202 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
204 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
205 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
206 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
207 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
208 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
209 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
211 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
212 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
216 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
217 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
218 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
219 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
221 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
222 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
223 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
224 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
227 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
228 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
229 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
232 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
233 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
234 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
235 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
238 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
239 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
240 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
244 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
245 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
246 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
250 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
251 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
252 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
253 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
254 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
255 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
258 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
259 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
260 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
263 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
264 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
265 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
268 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
269 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
270 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
271 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
272 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
273 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
276 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
277 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
278 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
280 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
281 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
282 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
283 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
284 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
287 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
288 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
289 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
290 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
294 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
295 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
296 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
299 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
301 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
302 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
303 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
304 old as well as the new version of find.
307 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
308 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
309 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
310 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
311 subdirectories must be reviewed.
314 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
315 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
316 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
318 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
320 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
321 users are advised to upgrade.
324 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
325 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
328 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
329 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
330 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
333 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
334 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
336 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
337 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
338 overloading the machine.
341 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
342 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
343 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
344 write access to that file.
347 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
348 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
351 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
353 make: illegal option -- J
354 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
356 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
358 this likely due to an old instance of make in
359 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
360 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
361 you see the above error:
363 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
368 Use bmake by default.
369 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
370 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
371 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
373 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
374 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
375 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
376 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
377 behavior in parallel build.
380 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
383 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
384 the IDEA patent expired.
387 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
388 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
392 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
393 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
394 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
395 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
396 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
397 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
398 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
402 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
403 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
404 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
405 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
409 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
410 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
411 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
412 binaries will not work on older kernels.
415 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
416 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
419 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
420 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
421 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
422 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
425 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
426 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
427 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
428 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
429 in /boot/loader.conf.
432 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
433 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
434 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
435 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
436 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
439 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
440 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
442 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
443 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
446 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
447 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
448 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
449 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
450 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
453 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
454 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
455 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
456 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
457 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
461 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
462 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
463 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
464 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
465 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
466 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
467 use is expected to be extremely rare.
470 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
471 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
472 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
475 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
476 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
477 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
481 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
482 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
483 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
488 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
489 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
490 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
493 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
494 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
495 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
496 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
497 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
498 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
501 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
502 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
503 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
504 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
505 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
506 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
507 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
511 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
512 functionality now turned on by default.
515 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
516 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
517 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
518 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
519 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
520 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
521 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
522 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
523 of the two kernel options.
526 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
527 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
528 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
529 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
532 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
533 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
537 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
538 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
539 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
542 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
543 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
544 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
545 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
546 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
549 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
550 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
551 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
552 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
555 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
558 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
559 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
560 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
564 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
565 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
569 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
570 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
571 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
574 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
575 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
576 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
577 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
578 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
582 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
583 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
586 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
587 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
588 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
589 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
593 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
594 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
595 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
598 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
599 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
600 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
603 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
604 with other variables:
605 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
606 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
609 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
610 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
611 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
612 installed as "bsdsort".
615 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
616 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
617 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
618 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
619 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
620 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
621 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
622 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
623 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
626 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
627 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
628 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
629 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
630 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
631 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
635 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
636 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
637 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
638 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
639 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
640 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
641 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
644 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
648 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
649 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
650 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
651 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
652 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
653 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
656 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
657 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
658 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
659 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
663 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
664 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
665 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
666 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
668 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
669 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
672 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
673 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
674 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
676 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
679 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
680 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
681 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
682 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
683 not supported anymore.
685 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
686 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
687 need to be recompiled.
690 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
694 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
695 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
696 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
700 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
701 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
704 sysinstall has been removed
707 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
708 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
711 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
712 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
713 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
714 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
715 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
716 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
717 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
718 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
719 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
720 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
723 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
724 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
725 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
726 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
729 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
730 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
731 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
732 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
734 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
735 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
736 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
739 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
740 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
741 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
742 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
745 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
747 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
748 The following sysctl is retired:
749 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
750 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
751 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
752 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
753 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
754 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
755 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
756 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
757 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
758 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
762 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
766 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
767 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
768 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
772 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
775 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
776 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
777 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
778 drivers need to be recompiled.
780 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
781 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
782 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
783 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
787 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
788 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
791 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
792 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
793 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
794 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
795 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
796 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
797 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
798 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
799 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
800 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
801 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
803 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
805 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
806 a diskless root fs use the old client.
809 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
810 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
811 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
812 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
813 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
814 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
815 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
816 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
817 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
818 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
819 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
820 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
822 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
823 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
824 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
825 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
826 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
827 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
828 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
829 them are parts of the cam module.
831 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
832 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
833 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
835 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
836 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
837 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
842 , and instead add back:
843 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
844 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
845 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
846 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
847 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
850 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
851 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
852 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
853 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
854 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
855 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
858 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
859 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
860 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
863 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
864 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
865 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
866 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
867 in order to use ath on everything else.
869 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
870 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
873 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
874 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
875 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
878 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
879 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
880 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
881 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
882 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
883 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
886 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
887 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
888 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
889 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
890 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
892 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
893 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
896 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
897 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
898 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
899 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
900 The function remains undocumented.
903 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
904 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
905 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
906 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
907 systems where the define is not present can check against
908 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
910 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
911 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
912 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
913 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
914 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
915 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
918 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
919 the following warning:
920 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
921 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
922 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
923 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
924 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
925 install it on your system.
927 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
928 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
929 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
930 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
933 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
934 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
935 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
936 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
940 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
941 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
942 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
943 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
944 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
945 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
946 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
947 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
948 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
949 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
950 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
952 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
954 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
955 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
956 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
957 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
958 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
959 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
960 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
962 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
963 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
966 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
967 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
968 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
969 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
970 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
973 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
974 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
975 migrate local entries to the new format.
978 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
979 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
983 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
984 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
985 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
986 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
987 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
988 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
991 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
992 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
994 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
995 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
996 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
999 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1000 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1001 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1002 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1003 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1005 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1006 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1007 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1010 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1011 now i386 and amd64 only.
1012 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1013 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1014 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1015 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1016 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1017 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1020 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1021 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1024 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1025 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1026 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1027 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1028 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1029 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1030 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1031 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1032 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1033 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1034 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1037 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1038 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1039 machine powerpc powerpc
1041 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1045 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1046 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1047 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1048 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1049 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1052 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1053 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1054 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1055 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1056 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1059 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1060 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1061 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1062 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1064 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1065 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1066 to unwanted behavior.
1069 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1070 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1071 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1072 be modified accordingly.
1075 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1076 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1077 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1078 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1079 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1080 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1082 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1083 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1084 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1087 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1088 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1089 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1090 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1091 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1094 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1095 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1096 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1099 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1100 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1101 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1102 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1103 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1105 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1106 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1107 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1109 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1115 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1116 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1117 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1118 operation of applications on the console.
1120 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1121 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1122 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1125 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1126 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1127 performed by syscons(4).
1130 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1131 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1132 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1134 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1135 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1139 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1140 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1141 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1142 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1143 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1147 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1148 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1150 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1151 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1152 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1154 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1155 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1157 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1160 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1161 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1163 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1164 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1165 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1167 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1168 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1169 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1170 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1171 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1172 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1173 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1174 using ifconfig(8) like:
1176 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1178 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1181 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1183 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1184 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1185 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1186 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1187 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1190 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1191 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1194 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1195 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1196 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1197 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1198 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1199 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1202 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1203 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1206 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1207 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1208 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1212 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1213 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1214 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1217 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1218 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1221 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1222 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1223 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1226 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1227 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1228 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1231 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1232 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1233 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1234 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1235 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1238 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1239 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1240 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1241 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1242 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1245 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1246 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1247 may need to be adjusted.
1250 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1251 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1252 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1253 with routing sockets.
1256 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1257 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1258 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1261 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1262 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1263 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1267 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1268 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1269 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1272 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1273 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1274 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1275 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1276 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1277 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1278 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1279 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1281 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1282 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1283 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1284 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1285 authentication method is used.
1288 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1289 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1290 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1291 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1292 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1295 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1296 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1299 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1303 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1304 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1307 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1308 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1311 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1312 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1316 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1317 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1319 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1322 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1326 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1327 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1330 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1332 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1335 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1336 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1337 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1338 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1339 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1340 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1343 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1344 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1347 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1349 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1352 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1353 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1356 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1357 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1360 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1361 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1362 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1363 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1364 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1367 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1368 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1369 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1370 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1371 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1372 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1375 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1376 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1377 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1378 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1380 For kernel developers:
1382 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1383 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1384 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1386 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1387 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1388 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1389 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1391 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1392 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1393 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1394 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1395 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1396 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1397 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1398 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1399 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1400 multicast membership on-link.
1401 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1402 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1403 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1405 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1406 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1408 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1409 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1412 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1413 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1414 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1415 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1417 For application developers:
1419 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1422 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1423 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1425 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1426 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1427 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1428 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1430 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1431 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1432 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1433 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1434 Multicast Source Filters'.
1436 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1438 For systems administrators:
1440 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1441 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1442 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1443 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1444 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1446 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1447 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1449 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1450 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1451 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1452 recommended for optimal system performance.
1454 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1455 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1456 back forwarded datagrams.
1458 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1461 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1462 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1465 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1466 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1467 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1468 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1471 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1472 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1473 state will require a world rebuild.
1474 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1477 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1478 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1479 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1482 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1483 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1484 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1485 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1487 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1490 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1491 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1492 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1493 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1494 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1495 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1496 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1497 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1500 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1501 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1502 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1505 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1506 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1507 introduces some changes:
1509 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1510 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1511 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1513 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1514 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1515 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1516 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1518 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1519 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1520 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1523 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1526 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1527 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1528 (supported by sane).
1531 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1532 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1533 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1534 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1535 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1538 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1539 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1540 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1541 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1545 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1546 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1547 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1548 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1551 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1552 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1555 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1556 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1558 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1559 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1560 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1562 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1563 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1564 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1565 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1566 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1567 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1568 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1569 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1571 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1572 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1573 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1574 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1575 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1576 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1578 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1579 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1580 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1581 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1582 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1584 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1585 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1586 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1589 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1590 recompiled to reflect this.
1591 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1594 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1595 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1596 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1597 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1598 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1599 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1602 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1603 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1604 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1605 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1606 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1607 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1610 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1611 network device driver modules.
1614 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1615 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1618 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1619 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1620 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1621 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1622 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1626 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1627 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1628 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1632 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1633 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1635 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1636 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1637 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1640 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1641 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1642 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1643 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1644 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1645 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1647 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1648 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1650 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1651 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1654 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1655 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1656 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1659 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1660 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1661 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1662 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1666 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1667 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1670 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1671 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1672 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1673 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1674 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1675 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1678 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1679 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1680 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1681 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1684 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1685 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1686 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1687 in next mpd5.3 release.
1690 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1691 the base system (it was a port).
1694 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1695 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1698 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1699 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1700 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1701 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1702 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1703 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1704 none of the L2 information.
1707 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1708 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1710 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1712 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1716 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1717 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1718 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1719 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1722 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1723 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1724 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1725 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1726 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1730 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1731 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1732 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1733 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1736 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1739 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1740 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1741 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1742 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1743 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1749 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1750 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1754 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1755 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1756 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1757 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1758 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1759 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1760 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1763 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1764 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1765 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1766 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1767 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1770 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1776 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1778 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1779 cause compilation to fail.
1782 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1785 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1787 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1788 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1789 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1790 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1791 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1792 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1793 accepting the RSA key.
1795 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1796 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1799 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1800 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1801 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1805 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1806 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1807 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1809 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1810 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1811 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1812 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1813 use the new device names.
1815 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1816 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1817 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1818 at the loader prompt:
1820 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1821 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1822 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1823 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1827 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1831 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1832 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1833 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1834 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1837 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1838 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1841 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1842 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1843 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1844 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1845 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1848 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1849 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1850 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1851 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1852 For example, change:
1853 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1856 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1857 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1858 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1859 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1861 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1862 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1863 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1866 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1867 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1868 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1869 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1870 other operation levels.
1873 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1874 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1875 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1876 compatibility with any prior release:
1878 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1879 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1880 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1883 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1884 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1885 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1886 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1887 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1891 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1892 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1893 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1894 with older hardware easier to do.
1897 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1898 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1901 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1902 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1903 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1907 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1911 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1912 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1913 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1914 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1915 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1916 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1917 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1918 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1919 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1920 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1921 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1922 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1925 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1926 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1927 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1930 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1931 functionality is the default now.
1934 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1935 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1936 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1937 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1938 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1940 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1941 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1942 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1945 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1946 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1947 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1948 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1949 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1950 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1951 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1952 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1953 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1954 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1958 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1959 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1960 used kproc_start()..
1961 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1962 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1963 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1972 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1973 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1974 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1975 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1976 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1977 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1978 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1980 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1981 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1982 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1983 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1984 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1986 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1987 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1988 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1989 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1990 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1992 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1993 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1994 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1995 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1999 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2002 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2003 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2005 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2007 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2008 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2009 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2011 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2015 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2016 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2017 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2019 make kernel-toolchain
2020 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2021 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2023 To test a kernel once
2024 ---------------------
2025 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2026 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2027 debugging information) run
2028 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2029 nextboot -k testkernel
2031 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2032 --------------------------------------------------------------
2033 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2034 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2035 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2037 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2038 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2039 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2044 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2046 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2047 -----------------------------------------------------------
2048 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2049 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2051 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2053 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2055 <reboot in single user> [3]
2062 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2063 --------------------------------------------------
2064 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2065 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2066 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2069 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2072 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2073 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2074 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2075 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2076 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2077 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2078 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2079 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2080 <reboot into current>
2081 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2082 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2086 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2087 ----------------------------------------------
2088 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2090 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2092 <reboot in single user> [3]
2099 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2100 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2101 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2102 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2103 the UPDATING entries.
2105 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2106 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2107 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2108 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2109 much fewer pitfalls.
2111 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2112 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2115 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2120 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2121 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2122 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2124 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2125 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2126 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2127 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2128 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2129 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2130 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2132 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2133 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2134 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2135 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2136 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2137 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2139 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2140 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2141 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2143 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2144 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2145 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2146 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2147 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2148 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2150 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2151 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2153 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2154 cvs prune empty directories.
2156 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2157 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2158 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2160 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2161 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2162 warn if it is improperly defined.
2165 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2166 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2167 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2168 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2169 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2171 Copyright information:
2173 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2175 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2176 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2177 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2179 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2180 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2181 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2182 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2183 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2184 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2185 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2186 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2187 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2188 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2189 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2191 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of