1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20110528: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
19 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
22 20110420: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
23 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
25 20101129: p2 FreeBSD-SA-10:10.openssl
26 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities.
28 20100920: p1 FreeBSD-SA-10:08.bzip2
29 Fix an integer overflow in RLE length parsing when decompressing
35 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
36 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
37 to an mbuf external buffer.
40 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
41 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
42 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
43 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
44 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
45 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
46 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
47 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
51 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
52 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
53 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
54 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
55 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
57 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
58 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
59 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
61 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
64 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
65 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
66 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
67 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
70 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
71 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
72 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
73 be modified accordingly.
76 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
77 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
78 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
84 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
85 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
88 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
89 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
92 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
93 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
94 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
101 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
102 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
103 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
106 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
107 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
108 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
111 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
112 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
113 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
114 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
115 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
118 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
119 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
120 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
121 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
122 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
125 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
126 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
127 configurations may need to be adjusted.
130 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
131 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
132 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
133 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
136 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
137 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
138 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
139 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
142 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
143 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
144 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
145 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
148 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
149 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
150 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
153 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
154 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
155 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
156 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
157 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
158 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
159 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
160 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
161 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
163 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
164 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
165 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
166 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
167 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
170 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
171 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
172 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
173 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
174 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
177 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
178 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
182 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
186 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
187 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
188 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
191 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
192 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
195 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
196 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
200 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
201 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
203 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
206 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
210 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
211 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
214 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
216 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
219 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
220 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
221 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
222 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
223 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
224 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
227 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
228 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
231 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
233 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
236 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
237 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
238 data to /etc/localtime.
241 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
242 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
245 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
246 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
247 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
248 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
249 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
253 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
254 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
255 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
256 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
257 correctly checking networking state from userland.
258 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
261 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
262 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
263 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
264 follows the IPv4 implementation.
266 For kernel developers:
268 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
269 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
270 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
272 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
273 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
274 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
275 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
277 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
278 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
279 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
280 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
281 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
282 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
283 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
284 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
285 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
286 multicast membership on-link.
287 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
288 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
289 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
291 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
292 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
294 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
295 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
298 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
299 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
300 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
301 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
303 For application developers:
305 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
308 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
309 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
311 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
312 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
313 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
314 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
316 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
317 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
318 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
319 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
320 Multicast Source Filters'.
322 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
324 For systems administrators:
326 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
327 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
328 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
329 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
330 returned by getifaddrs(3).
332 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
333 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
335 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
336 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
337 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
338 recommended for optimal system performance.
340 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
341 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
342 back forwarded datagrams.
344 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
347 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
348 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
351 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
352 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
353 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
354 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
357 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
358 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
359 state will require a world rebuild.
360 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
363 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
364 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
365 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
368 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
369 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
370 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
371 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
373 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
376 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
377 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
378 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
379 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
380 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
381 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
382 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
383 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
386 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
387 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
388 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
391 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
392 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
393 introduces some changes:
395 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
396 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
397 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
399 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
400 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
401 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
402 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
404 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
405 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
406 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
409 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
412 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
413 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
417 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
418 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
419 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
420 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
421 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
424 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
425 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
426 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
427 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
431 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
432 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
433 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
434 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
437 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
438 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
441 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
442 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
444 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
445 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
446 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
448 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
449 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
450 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
451 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
452 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
453 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
454 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
455 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
457 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
458 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
459 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
460 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
461 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
462 to preserve the existing behaviour.
464 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
465 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
466 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
467 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
468 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
470 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
471 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
472 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
475 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
476 recompiled to reflect this.
477 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
480 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
481 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
482 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
483 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
484 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
485 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
488 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
489 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
490 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
491 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
492 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
493 raised to allow such segments to be created.
496 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
497 network device driver modules.
500 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
501 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
504 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
505 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
506 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
507 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
508 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
512 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
513 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
514 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
518 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
519 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
521 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
522 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
523 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
526 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
527 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
528 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
529 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
530 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
531 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
533 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
534 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
536 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
537 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
540 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
541 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
542 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
545 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
546 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
547 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
548 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
552 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
553 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
556 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
557 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
558 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
559 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
560 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
561 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
564 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
565 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
566 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
567 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
570 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
571 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
572 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
573 in next mpd5.3 release.
576 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
577 the base system (it was a port).
580 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
581 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
584 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
585 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
586 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
587 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
588 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
589 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
590 none of the L2 information.
593 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
594 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
596 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
598 to their kernel config files when specifying:
602 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
603 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
604 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
605 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
608 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
609 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
610 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
611 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
612 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
616 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
617 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
618 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
619 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
622 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
625 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
626 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
627 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
628 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
629 controller add the following to loader.conf:
635 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
636 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
640 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
641 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
642 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
643 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
644 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
645 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
646 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
649 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
650 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
651 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
652 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
653 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
656 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
662 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
664 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
665 cause compilation to fail.
668 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
671 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
673 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
674 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
675 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
676 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
677 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
678 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
679 accepting the RSA key.
681 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
682 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
685 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
686 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
687 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
691 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
692 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
693 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
695 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
696 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
697 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
698 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
699 use the new device names.
701 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
702 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
703 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
704 at the loader prompt:
706 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
707 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
708 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
709 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
713 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
717 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
718 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
719 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
720 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
723 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
724 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
727 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
728 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
729 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
730 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
731 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
734 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
735 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
736 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
737 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
739 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
742 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
743 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
744 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
745 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
747 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
748 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
749 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
752 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
753 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
754 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
755 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
756 other operation levels.
759 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
760 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
761 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
762 compatibility with any prior release:
764 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
765 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
766 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
769 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
770 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
771 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
772 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
773 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
777 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
778 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
779 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
780 with older hardware easier to do.
783 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
784 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
787 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
788 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
789 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
793 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
797 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
798 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
799 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
800 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
801 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
802 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
803 third-party software might fail to build after this change
804 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
805 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
806 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
807 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
808 case that a portable fix is impossible.
811 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
812 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
813 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
816 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
817 functionality is the default now.
820 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
821 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
822 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
823 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
824 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
826 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
827 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
828 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
831 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
832 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
833 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
834 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
835 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
836 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
837 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
838 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
839 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
840 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
844 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
845 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
847 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
848 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
849 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
855 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
856 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
859 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
860 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
861 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
862 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
863 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
866 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
867 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
868 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
869 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
873 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
874 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
875 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
878 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
879 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
880 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
883 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
884 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
885 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
886 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
887 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
890 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
891 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
892 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
893 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
894 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
895 will change after some settling time.
898 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
899 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
903 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
904 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
908 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
909 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
910 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
911 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
914 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
915 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
916 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
917 the IPv4 network stack.
919 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
920 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
921 has now been removed.
923 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
924 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
925 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
926 updated to reflect this.
928 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
929 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
933 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
934 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
935 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
936 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
937 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
938 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
939 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
940 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
941 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
942 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
946 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
947 function and starts providing an account management function.
948 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
949 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
950 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
952 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
954 and change it according to this example:
956 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
958 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
959 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
960 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
961 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
964 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
965 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
966 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
967 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
970 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
971 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
972 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
973 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
974 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
975 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
979 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
980 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
981 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
982 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
983 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
984 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
985 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
987 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
988 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
989 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
992 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
993 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
994 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
995 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
998 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
999 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1002 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1003 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1004 base operating system should be recompiled.
1007 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1008 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1009 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1010 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1011 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1014 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1015 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1016 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1017 deprecated in previous releases.
1018 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1019 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1022 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1023 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1024 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1025 sync. For more info:
1026 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1029 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1030 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1031 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1032 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1035 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1036 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1037 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1038 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1039 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1040 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1041 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1042 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1043 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1046 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1047 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1048 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1049 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1050 ip_mroute.ko module.
1053 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1054 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1055 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1057 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1058 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1059 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1062 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1063 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1064 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1065 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1066 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1070 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1071 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1072 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1073 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1074 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1077 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1078 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1079 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1080 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1083 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1084 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1085 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1086 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1090 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1091 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1092 with exceptions of followings:
1093 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1094 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1095 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1096 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1097 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1098 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1099 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1100 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1103 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1104 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1105 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1106 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1107 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1108 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1110 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1112 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1113 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1114 the array the same way you built it originally.
1117 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1118 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1119 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1120 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1121 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1122 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1123 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1126 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1127 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1128 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1129 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1130 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1133 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1134 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1135 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1136 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1137 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1140 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1141 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1142 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1143 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1144 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1145 added to 'struct proc'.
1148 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1151 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1152 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1153 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1154 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1155 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1158 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1161 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1162 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1163 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1166 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1169 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1170 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1171 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1174 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1175 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1176 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1177 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1178 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1181 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1182 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1183 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1184 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1187 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1188 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1192 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1193 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1194 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1195 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1196 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1199 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1200 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1201 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1202 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1203 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1204 `make installworld' with:
1206 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1208 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1209 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1210 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1211 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1214 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1215 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1216 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1217 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1221 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1222 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1223 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1224 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1225 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1226 implements the interface to support it.
1229 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1230 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1231 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1232 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1236 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1237 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1238 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1239 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1240 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1241 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1242 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1243 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1244 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1246 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1249 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1250 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1253 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1254 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1255 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1256 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1260 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1261 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1262 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1265 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1266 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1269 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1270 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1271 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1272 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1273 on your next install.
1274 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1275 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1276 to your /etc/make.conf.
1279 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1280 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1281 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1284 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1285 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1286 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1289 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1290 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1293 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1294 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1295 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1296 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1299 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1300 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1301 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1304 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1305 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1306 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1310 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1311 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1312 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1313 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1314 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1315 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1316 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1317 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1320 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1321 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1322 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1325 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1326 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1329 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1330 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1333 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1334 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1335 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1338 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1339 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1340 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1341 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1342 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1343 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1347 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1348 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1351 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1352 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1355 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1356 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1357 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1358 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1362 RELENG_6 branched here.
1365 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1366 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1367 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1368 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1369 removable_interfaces.
1372 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1373 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1374 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1375 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1376 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1377 affect existing configurations.
1380 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1381 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1382 updated to the new APIs.
1385 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1386 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1387 will not behave correctly.
1389 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1390 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1391 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1394 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1395 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1396 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1397 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1398 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1400 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1401 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1405 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1406 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1409 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1410 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1411 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1412 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1413 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1414 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1415 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1418 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1419 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1420 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1421 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1424 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1425 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1426 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1429 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1430 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1431 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1435 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1436 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1437 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1438 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1441 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1442 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1443 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1444 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1445 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1446 none at this point.)
1449 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1450 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1453 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1454 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1455 with the new kernel.
1458 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1459 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1460 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1463 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1464 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1465 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1466 if you have updated the kernel.
1468 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1469 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1470 mounting the new volume.
1473 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1474 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1475 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1476 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1479 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1480 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1483 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1484 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1485 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1486 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1487 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1488 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1491 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1492 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1493 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1494 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1495 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1498 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1499 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1500 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1501 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1502 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1503 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1504 and wlan_xauth as required.
1507 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1508 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1509 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1510 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1514 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1515 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1516 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1517 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1518 the module when a wep key is configured).
1521 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1522 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1523 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1526 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1527 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1530 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1531 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1532 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1533 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1534 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1535 their /etc/rc scripts.
1538 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1541 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1542 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1543 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1546 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1547 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1548 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1551 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1552 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1558 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1559 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1560 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1561 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1562 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1563 on the -current branch).
1565 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1566 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1567 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1568 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1569 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1570 page for more details.
1572 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1573 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1574 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1575 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1576 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1581 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1582 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1583 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1585 make kernel-toolchain
1586 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1587 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1589 To test a kernel once
1590 ---------------------
1591 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1592 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1593 debugging information) run
1594 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1595 nextboot -k testkernel
1597 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1598 --------------------------------------------------------------
1599 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1600 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1601 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1603 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1604 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1605 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1610 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1612 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1613 -----------------------------------------------------------
1614 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1615 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1617 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1619 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1621 <reboot in single user> [3]
1629 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1630 --------------------------------------------------
1631 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1632 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1633 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1636 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1639 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1640 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1641 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1642 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1643 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1644 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1645 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1646 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1647 <reboot into current>
1648 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1649 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1653 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1654 ----------------------------------------------
1655 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1657 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1659 <reboot in single user> [3]
1666 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1667 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1668 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1669 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1670 the UPDATING entries.
1672 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1673 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1674 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1675 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1676 much fewer pitfalls.
1678 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1679 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1682 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1687 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1688 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1689 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1691 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1692 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1693 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1694 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1695 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1696 for potential gotchas.
1698 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1699 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1700 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1701 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1702 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1703 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1705 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1706 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1707 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1708 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1709 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1711 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1712 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1714 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1715 cvs prune empty directories.
1717 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1718 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1719 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1721 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1722 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1723 warn if it is improperly defined.
1726 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1727 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1728 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1729 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1731 Copyright information:
1733 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1735 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1736 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1737 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1739 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1740 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1741 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1742 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1743 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1744 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1745 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1746 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1747 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1748 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1749 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1751 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1754 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of