1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
20 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
21 revision 211583 (r210245 if building stable/8 kernel on head,
22 r211584 for stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
23 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
24 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
27 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
28 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
29 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
30 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
31 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
37 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
38 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
39 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
40 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
41 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
42 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
43 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
44 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
48 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
49 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
50 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
51 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
52 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
54 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
55 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
56 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
58 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
61 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
62 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
63 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
64 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
67 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
68 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
69 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
70 be modified accordingly.
73 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
74 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
75 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
81 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
82 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
85 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
86 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
89 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
90 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
91 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
98 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
99 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
100 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
103 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
104 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
105 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
108 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
109 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
110 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
111 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
112 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
115 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
116 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
117 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
118 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
119 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
122 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
123 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
124 configurations may need to be adjusted.
127 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
128 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
129 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
130 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
133 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
134 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
135 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
136 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
139 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
140 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
141 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
142 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
145 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
146 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
147 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
150 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
151 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
152 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
153 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
154 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
155 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
156 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
157 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
158 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
160 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
161 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
162 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
163 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
164 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
167 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
168 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
169 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
170 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
171 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
174 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
175 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
179 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
183 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
184 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
185 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
188 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
189 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
192 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
193 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
197 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
198 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
200 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
203 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
207 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
208 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
211 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
213 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
216 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
217 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
218 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
219 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
220 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
221 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
224 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
225 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
228 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
230 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
233 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
234 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
235 data to /etc/localtime.
238 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
239 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
242 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
243 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
244 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
245 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
246 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
247 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
250 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
251 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
252 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
253 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
254 correctly checking networking state from userland.
255 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
258 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
259 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
260 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
261 follows the IPv4 implementation.
263 For kernel developers:
265 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
266 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
267 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
269 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
270 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
271 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
272 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
274 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
275 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
276 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
277 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
278 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
279 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
280 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
281 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
282 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
283 multicast membership on-link.
284 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
285 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
286 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
288 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
289 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
291 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
292 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
295 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
296 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
297 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
298 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
300 For application developers:
302 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
305 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
306 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
308 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
309 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
310 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
311 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
313 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
314 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
315 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
316 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
317 Multicast Source Filters'.
319 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
321 For systems administrators:
323 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
324 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
325 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
326 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
327 returned by getifaddrs(3).
329 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
330 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
332 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
333 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
334 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
335 recommended for optimal system performance.
337 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
338 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
339 back forwarded datagrams.
341 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
344 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
345 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
348 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
349 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
350 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
351 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
354 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
355 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
356 state will require a world rebuild.
357 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
360 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
361 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
362 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
365 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
366 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
367 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
368 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
370 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
373 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
374 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
375 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
376 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
377 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
378 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
379 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
380 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
383 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
384 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
385 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
388 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
389 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
390 introduces some changes:
392 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
393 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
394 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
396 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
397 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
398 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
399 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
401 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
402 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
403 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
406 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
409 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
410 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
414 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
415 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
416 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
417 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
418 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
421 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
422 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
423 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
424 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
428 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
429 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
430 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
431 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
434 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
435 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
438 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
439 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
441 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
442 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
443 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
445 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
446 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
447 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
448 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
449 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
450 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
451 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
452 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
454 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
455 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
456 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
457 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
458 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
459 to preserve the existing behaviour.
461 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
462 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
463 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
464 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
465 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
467 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
468 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
469 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
472 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
473 recompiled to reflect this.
474 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
477 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
478 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
479 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
480 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
481 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
482 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
485 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
486 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
487 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
488 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
489 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
490 raised to allow such segments to be created.
493 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
494 network device driver modules.
497 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
498 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
501 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
502 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
503 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
504 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
505 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
509 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
510 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
511 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
515 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
516 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
518 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
519 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
520 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
523 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
524 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
525 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
526 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
527 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
528 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
530 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
531 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
533 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
534 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
537 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
538 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
539 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
542 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
543 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
544 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
545 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
549 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
550 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
553 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
554 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
555 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
556 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
557 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
558 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
561 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
562 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
563 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
564 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
567 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
568 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
569 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
570 in next mpd5.3 release.
573 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
574 the base system (it was a port).
577 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
578 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
581 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
582 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
583 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
584 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
585 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
586 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
587 none of the L2 information.
590 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
591 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
593 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
595 to their kernel config files when specifying:
599 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
600 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
601 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
602 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
605 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
606 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
607 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
608 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
609 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
613 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
614 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
615 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
616 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
619 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
622 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
623 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
624 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
625 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
626 controller add the following to loader.conf:
632 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
633 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
637 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
638 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
639 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
640 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
641 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
642 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
643 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
646 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
647 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
648 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
649 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
650 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
653 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
659 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
661 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
662 cause compilation to fail.
665 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
668 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
670 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
671 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
672 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
673 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
674 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
675 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
676 accepting the RSA key.
678 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
679 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
682 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
683 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
684 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
688 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
689 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
690 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
692 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
693 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
694 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
695 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
696 use the new device names.
698 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
699 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
700 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
701 at the loader prompt:
703 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
704 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
705 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
706 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
710 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
714 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
715 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
716 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
717 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
720 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
721 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
724 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
725 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
726 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
727 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
728 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
731 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
732 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
733 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
734 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
736 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
739 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
740 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
741 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
742 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
744 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
745 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
746 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
749 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
750 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
751 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
752 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
753 other operation levels.
756 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
757 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
758 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
759 compatibility with any prior release:
761 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
762 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
763 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
766 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
767 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
768 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
769 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
770 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
774 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
775 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
776 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
777 with older hardware easier to do.
780 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
781 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
784 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
785 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
786 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
790 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
794 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
795 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
796 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
797 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
798 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
799 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
800 third-party software might fail to build after this change
801 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
802 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
803 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
804 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
805 case that a portable fix is impossible.
808 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
809 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
810 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
813 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
814 functionality is the default now.
817 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
818 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
819 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
820 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
821 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
823 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
824 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
825 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
828 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
829 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
830 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
831 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
832 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
833 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
834 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
835 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
836 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
837 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
841 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
842 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
844 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
845 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
846 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
852 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
853 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
856 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
857 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
858 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
859 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
860 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
863 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
864 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
865 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
866 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
870 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
871 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
872 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
875 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
876 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
877 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
880 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
881 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
882 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
883 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
884 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
887 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
888 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
889 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
890 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
891 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
892 will change after some settling time.
895 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
896 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
900 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
901 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
905 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
906 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
907 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
908 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
911 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
912 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
913 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
914 the IPv4 network stack.
916 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
917 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
918 has now been removed.
920 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
921 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
922 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
923 updated to reflect this.
925 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
926 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
930 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
931 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
932 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
933 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
934 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
935 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
936 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
937 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
938 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
939 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
943 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
944 function and starts providing an account management function.
945 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
946 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
947 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
949 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
951 and change it according to this example:
953 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
955 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
956 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
957 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
958 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
961 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
962 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
963 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
964 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
967 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
968 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
969 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
970 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
971 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
972 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
976 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
977 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
978 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
979 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
980 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
981 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
982 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
984 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
985 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
986 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
989 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
990 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
991 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
992 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
995 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
996 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
999 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1000 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1001 base operating system should be recompiled.
1004 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1005 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1006 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1007 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1008 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1011 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1012 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1013 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1014 deprecated in previous releases.
1015 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1016 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1019 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1020 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1021 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1022 sync. For more info:
1023 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1026 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1027 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1028 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1029 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1032 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1033 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1034 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1035 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1036 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1037 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1038 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1039 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1040 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1043 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1044 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1045 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1046 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1047 ip_mroute.ko module.
1050 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1051 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1052 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1054 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1055 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1056 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1059 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1060 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1061 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1062 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1063 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1067 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1068 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1069 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1070 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1071 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1074 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1075 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1076 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1077 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1080 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1081 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1082 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1083 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1087 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1088 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1089 with exceptions of followings:
1090 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1091 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1092 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1093 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1094 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1095 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1096 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1097 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1100 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1101 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1102 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1103 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1104 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1105 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1107 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1109 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1110 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1111 the array the same way you built it originally.
1114 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1115 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1116 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1117 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1118 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1119 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1120 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1123 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1124 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1125 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1126 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1127 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1130 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1131 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1132 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1133 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1134 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1137 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1138 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1139 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1140 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1141 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1142 added to 'struct proc'.
1145 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1148 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1149 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1150 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1151 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1152 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1155 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1158 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1159 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1160 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1163 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1166 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1167 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1168 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1171 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1172 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1173 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1174 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1175 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1178 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1179 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1180 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1181 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1184 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1185 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1189 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1190 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1191 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1192 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1193 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1196 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1197 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1198 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1199 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1200 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1201 `make installworld' with:
1203 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1205 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1206 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1207 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1208 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1211 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1212 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1213 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1214 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1218 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1219 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1220 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1221 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1222 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1223 implements the interface to support it.
1226 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1227 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1228 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1229 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1233 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1234 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1235 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1236 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1237 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1238 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1239 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1240 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1241 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1243 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1246 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1247 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1250 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1251 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1252 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1253 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1257 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1258 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1259 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1262 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1263 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1266 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1267 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1268 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1269 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1270 on your next install.
1271 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1272 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1273 to your /etc/make.conf.
1276 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1277 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1278 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1281 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1282 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1283 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1286 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1287 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1290 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1291 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1292 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1293 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1296 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1297 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1298 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1301 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1302 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1303 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1307 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1308 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1309 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1310 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1311 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1312 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1313 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1314 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1317 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1318 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1319 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1322 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1323 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1326 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1327 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1330 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1331 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1332 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1335 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1336 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1337 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1338 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1339 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1340 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1344 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1345 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1348 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1349 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1352 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1353 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1354 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1355 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1359 RELENG_6 branched here.
1362 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1363 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1364 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1365 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1366 removable_interfaces.
1369 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1370 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1371 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1372 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1373 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1374 affect existing configurations.
1377 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1378 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1379 updated to the new APIs.
1382 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1383 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1384 will not behave correctly.
1386 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1387 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1388 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1391 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1392 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1393 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1394 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1395 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1397 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1398 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1402 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1403 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1406 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1407 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1408 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1409 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1410 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1411 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1412 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1415 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1416 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1417 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1418 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1421 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1422 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1423 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1426 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1427 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1428 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1432 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1433 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1434 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1435 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1438 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1439 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1440 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1441 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1442 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1443 none at this point.)
1446 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1447 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1450 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1451 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1452 with the new kernel.
1455 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1456 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1457 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1460 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1461 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1462 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1463 if you have updated the kernel.
1465 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1466 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1467 mounting the new volume.
1470 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1471 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1472 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1473 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1476 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1477 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1480 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1481 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1482 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1483 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1484 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1485 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1488 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1489 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1490 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1491 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1492 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1495 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1496 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1497 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1498 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1499 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1500 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1501 and wlan_xauth as required.
1504 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1505 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1506 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1507 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1511 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1512 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1513 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1514 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1515 the module when a wep key is configured).
1518 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1519 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1520 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1523 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1524 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1527 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1528 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1529 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1530 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1531 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1532 their /etc/rc scripts.
1535 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1538 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1539 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1540 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1543 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1544 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1545 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1548 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1549 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1555 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1556 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1557 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1558 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1559 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1560 on the -current branch).
1562 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1563 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1564 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1565 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1566 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1567 page for more details.
1569 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1570 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1571 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1572 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1573 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1578 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1581 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1582 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1584 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1586 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1587 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1588 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1590 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1594 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1595 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1596 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1598 make kernel-toolchain
1599 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1600 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1602 To test a kernel once
1603 ---------------------
1604 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1605 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1606 debugging information) run
1607 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1608 nextboot -k testkernel
1610 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1611 --------------------------------------------------------------
1612 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1613 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1614 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1616 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1617 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1618 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1623 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1625 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1626 -----------------------------------------------------------
1627 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1628 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1630 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1632 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1634 <reboot in single user> [3]
1642 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1643 --------------------------------------------------
1644 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1645 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1646 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1649 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1652 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1653 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1654 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1655 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1656 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1657 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1658 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1659 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1660 <reboot into current>
1661 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1662 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1666 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1667 ----------------------------------------------
1668 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1670 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1672 <reboot in single user> [3]
1679 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1680 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1681 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1682 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1683 the UPDATING entries.
1685 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1686 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1687 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1688 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1689 much fewer pitfalls.
1691 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1692 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1695 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1700 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1701 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1702 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1704 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1705 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1706 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1707 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1708 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1709 for potential gotchas.
1711 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1712 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1713 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1714 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1715 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1716 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1718 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1719 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1720 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1721 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1722 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1724 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1725 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1727 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1728 cvs prune empty directories.
1730 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1731 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1732 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1734 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1735 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1736 warn if it is improperly defined.
1739 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1740 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1741 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1742 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1744 Copyright information:
1746 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1748 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1749 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1750 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1752 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1753 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1754 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1755 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1756 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1757 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1758 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1759 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1760 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1761 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1762 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1764 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1767 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of