2 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
3 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
5 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
6 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
7 # <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
8 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases
11 # <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
12 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
15 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
17 # Except for the French entries,
18 # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
19 # FORMAT is 'zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
21 # These rules are stolen from the 'southamerica' file.
22 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
23 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
24 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
25 Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
26 Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
27 Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
28 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
29 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
30 Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
31 Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
32 Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
33 Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
34 Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
35 Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
36 Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
37 Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
38 Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
39 Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
40 Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
41 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
42 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
43 Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
44 Rule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
45 Rule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
46 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
47 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
48 Rule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
49 Rule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
50 Rule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 -
51 Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
52 Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S
53 Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 -
54 Rule ChileAQ 2012 max - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S
56 # Argentina - year-round bases
57 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
58 # Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
59 # Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
60 # Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
61 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
62 # San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
63 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
65 # Australia - territories
66 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
67 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
68 # <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
69 # Margaret Turner reports
70 # </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
71 # presumably this is when they have visitors.
74 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
75 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
76 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
77 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
79 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11):
80 # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone:
81 # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11
82 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5
83 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5
84 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times).
86 # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division)
87 # <a href="http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079">
88 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
91 # We have more background information here:
92 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html">
93 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
96 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
97 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ...
99 # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010.
100 # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but
101 # has not been decided yet.
103 # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010
106 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
109 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html">
110 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
113 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
114 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
115 8:00 - WST 2009 Oct 18 2:00
116 # Western (Aus) Standard Time
117 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00
119 8:00 - WST 2011 Oct 28 2:00
120 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
122 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
123 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
125 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00
126 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
127 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00
128 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
130 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
131 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00
135 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
136 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
138 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
139 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
141 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
142 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
145 # Brazil - year-round base
146 # Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
148 # Chile - year-round bases and towns
149 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
150 # Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
151 # General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
152 # Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941
153 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
154 # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
156 # China - year-round bases
157 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
158 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
160 # France - year-round bases
162 # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
163 # Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
164 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
165 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
166 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
169 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
171 # Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
172 # Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
173 # Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
174 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
176 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
177 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
179 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
180 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
181 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
183 # year-round base in the main continent
184 # Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
186 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
187 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
189 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
190 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
191 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
193 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
195 # <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station">
196 # Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05)
199 # Germany - year-round base
200 # Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815
202 # India - year-round base
203 # Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200
205 # Japan - year-round bases
206 # Dome Fuji, -7719+03942
207 # Syowa, -690022+0393524
209 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
210 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
212 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
213 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
214 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
215 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
216 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
217 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
219 # <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
220 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
223 # S Korea - year-round base
224 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
226 # New Zealand - claims
227 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
228 # Scott Island (never inhabited)
231 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01.
232 # See Pacific/Auckland.
234 # Norway - territories
235 # Bouvet (never inhabited)
238 # Peter I Island (never inhabited)
241 # Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12
243 # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10):
244 # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com.
245 # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones:
246 # GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March
247 # GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October
248 # GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7
249 # GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1
250 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely
251 # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates.
253 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21):
254 # The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tzcode 2014b or later, so as
255 # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate
256 # with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent.
258 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
259 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 CET
260 Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 CEST
261 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 CET
262 #Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 UTC
263 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
264 Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 UTC
265 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
266 Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - zzz 2005 Feb 12
269 # Poland - year-round base
270 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
272 # Russia - year-round bases
273 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
274 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
275 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
276 # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
277 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
278 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
280 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
281 # <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP">
282 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>:
283 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
284 # time as Moscow, Russia.
286 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
287 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
288 # what they had to say about time there:
289 # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
290 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
291 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
292 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
293 # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
295 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
296 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
297 # in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local
298 # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
299 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
300 # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
301 # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
302 # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6.
304 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
305 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
307 # S Africa - year-round bases
308 # Marion Island, -4653+03752
313 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
314 # South Orkney Islands
315 # scientific station from 1903
316 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
317 # South Shetland Islands
320 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
321 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
322 # scientific station 1943/1967,
323 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
324 # and a garrison was deployed briefly
325 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
326 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
327 # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
328 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
330 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
331 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
333 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
334 Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1
335 -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time
337 # Uruguay - year round base
338 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
340 # USA - year-round bases
342 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
344 # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
345 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
346 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
347 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
348 # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
349 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
351 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
352 Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
353 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
354 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
358 # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12
359 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
361 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
362 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
363 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
364 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
365 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
366 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
367 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
370 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
371 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
372 # We use the same time as McMurdo does.
373 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
374 # One last quirk about South Pole time.
375 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
376 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
377 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
378 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
379 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
381 # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.
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