/* * Helper functions for constant time operations * Copyright (c) 2019, The Linux Foundation * * This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license. * See README for more details. * * These helper functions can be used to implement logic that needs to minimize * externally visible differences in execution path by avoiding use of branches, * avoiding early termination or other time differences, and forcing same memory * access pattern regardless of values. */ #ifndef CONST_TIME_H #define CONST_TIME_H #if defined(__clang__) #define NO_UBSAN_UINT_OVERFLOW \ __attribute__((no_sanitize("unsigned-integer-overflow"))) #else #define NO_UBSAN_UINT_OVERFLOW #endif /** * const_time_fill_msb - Fill all bits with MSB value * @val: Input value * Returns: Value with all the bits set to the MSB of the input val */ static inline unsigned int const_time_fill_msb(unsigned int val) { /* Move the MSB to LSB and multiple by -1 to fill in all bits. */ return (val >> (sizeof(val) * 8 - 1)) * ~0U; } /* Returns: -1 if val is zero; 0 if val is not zero */ static inline unsigned int const_time_is_zero(unsigned int val) NO_UBSAN_UINT_OVERFLOW { /* Set MSB to 1 for 0 and fill rest of bits with the MSB value */ return const_time_fill_msb(~val & (val - 1)); } /* Returns: -1 if a == b; 0 if a != b */ static inline unsigned int const_time_eq(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) { return const_time_is_zero(a ^ b); } /* Returns: -1 if a == b; 0 if a != b */ static inline u8 const_time_eq_u8(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) { return (u8) const_time_eq(a, b); } /** * const_time_eq_bin - Constant time memory comparison * @a: First buffer to compare * @b: Second buffer to compare * @len: Number of octets to compare * Returns: -1 if buffers are equal, 0 if not * * This function is meant for comparing passwords or hash values where * difference in execution time or memory access pattern could provide external * observer information about the location of the difference in the memory * buffers. The return value does not behave like memcmp(), i.e., * const_time_eq_bin() cannot be used to sort items into a defined order. Unlike * memcmp(), the execution time of const_time_eq_bin() does not depend on the * contents of the compared memory buffers, but only on the total compared * length. */ static inline unsigned int const_time_eq_bin(const void *a, const void *b, size_t len) { const u8 *aa = a; const u8 *bb = b; size_t i; u8 res = 0; for (i = 0; i < len; i++) res |= aa[i] ^ bb[i]; return const_time_is_zero(res); } /** * const_time_select - Constant time unsigned int selection * @mask: 0 (false) or -1 (true) to identify which value to select * @true_val: Value to select for the true case * @false_val: Value to select for the false case * Returns: true_val if mask == -1, false_val if mask == 0 */ static inline unsigned int const_time_select(unsigned int mask, unsigned int true_val, unsigned int false_val) { return (mask & true_val) | (~mask & false_val); } /** * const_time_select_int - Constant time int selection * @mask: 0 (false) or -1 (true) to identify which value to select * @true_val: Value to select for the true case * @false_val: Value to select for the false case * Returns: true_val if mask == -1, false_val if mask == 0 */ static inline int const_time_select_int(unsigned int mask, int true_val, int false_val) { return (int) const_time_select(mask, (unsigned int) true_val, (unsigned int) false_val); } /** * const_time_select_u8 - Constant time u8 selection * @mask: 0 (false) or -1 (true) to identify which value to select * @true_val: Value to select for the true case * @false_val: Value to select for the false case * Returns: true_val if mask == -1, false_val if mask == 0 */ static inline u8 const_time_select_u8(u8 mask, u8 true_val, u8 false_val) { return (u8) const_time_select(mask, true_val, false_val); } /** * const_time_select_s8 - Constant time s8 selection * @mask: 0 (false) or -1 (true) to identify which value to select * @true_val: Value to select for the true case * @false_val: Value to select for the false case * Returns: true_val if mask == -1, false_val if mask == 0 */ static inline s8 const_time_select_s8(u8 mask, s8 true_val, s8 false_val) { return (s8) const_time_select(mask, (unsigned int) true_val, (unsigned int) false_val); } /** * const_time_select_bin - Constant time binary buffer selection copy * @mask: 0 (false) or -1 (true) to identify which value to copy * @true_val: Buffer to copy for the true case * @false_val: Buffer to copy for the false case * @len: Number of octets to copy * @dst: Destination buffer for the copy * * This function copies the specified buffer into the destination buffer using * operations with identical memory access pattern regardless of which buffer * is being copied. */ static inline void const_time_select_bin(u8 mask, const u8 *true_val, const u8 *false_val, size_t len, u8 *dst) { size_t i; for (i = 0; i < len; i++) dst[i] = const_time_select_u8(mask, true_val[i], false_val[i]); } static inline int const_time_memcmp(const void *a, const void *b, size_t len) { const u8 *aa = a; const u8 *bb = b; int diff, res = 0; unsigned int mask; if (len == 0) return 0; do { len--; diff = (int) aa[len] - (int) bb[len]; mask = const_time_is_zero((unsigned int) diff); res = const_time_select_int(mask, res, diff); } while (len); return res; } #endif /* CONST_TIME_H */