//===--- MicrosoftCXXABI.cpp - Emit LLVM Code from ASTs for a Module ------===// // // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure // // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // // This provides C++ code generation targeting the Microsoft Visual C++ ABI. // The class in this file generates structures that follow the Microsoft // Visual C++ ABI, which is actually not very well documented at all outside // of Microsoft. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// #include "CGCXXABI.h" #include "CodeGenModule.h" #include "clang/AST/Decl.h" #include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h" using namespace clang; using namespace CodeGen; namespace { class MicrosoftCXXABI : public CGCXXABI { public: MicrosoftCXXABI(CodeGenModule &CGM) : CGCXXABI(CGM) {} StringRef GetPureVirtualCallName() { return "_purecall"; } // No known support for deleted functions in MSVC yet, so this choice is // arbitrary. StringRef GetDeletedVirtualCallName() { return "_purecall"; } llvm::Value *adjustToCompleteObject(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *ptr, QualType type); void BuildConstructorSignature(const CXXConstructorDecl *Ctor, CXXCtorType Type, CanQualType &ResTy, SmallVectorImpl &ArgTys); llvm::BasicBlock *EmitCtorCompleteObjectHandler(CodeGenFunction &CGF); void BuildDestructorSignature(const CXXDestructorDecl *Ctor, CXXDtorType Type, CanQualType &ResTy, SmallVectorImpl &ArgTys); void BuildInstanceFunctionParams(CodeGenFunction &CGF, QualType &ResTy, FunctionArgList &Params); void EmitInstanceFunctionProlog(CodeGenFunction &CGF); llvm::Value *EmitConstructorCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXConstructorDecl *D, CXXCtorType Type, bool ForVirtualBase, bool Delegating, llvm::Value *This, CallExpr::const_arg_iterator ArgBeg, CallExpr::const_arg_iterator ArgEnd); RValue EmitVirtualDestructorCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType DtorType, SourceLocation CallLoc, ReturnValueSlot ReturnValue, llvm::Value *This); void EmitGuardedInit(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const VarDecl &D, llvm::GlobalVariable *DeclPtr, bool PerformInit); // ==== Notes on array cookies ========= // // MSVC seems to only use cookies when the class has a destructor; a // two-argument usual array deallocation function isn't sufficient. // // For example, this code prints "100" and "1": // struct A { // char x; // void *operator new[](size_t sz) { // printf("%u\n", sz); // return malloc(sz); // } // void operator delete[](void *p, size_t sz) { // printf("%u\n", sz); // free(p); // } // }; // int main() { // A *p = new A[100]; // delete[] p; // } // Whereas it prints "104" and "104" if you give A a destructor. bool requiresArrayCookie(const CXXDeleteExpr *expr, QualType elementType); bool requiresArrayCookie(const CXXNewExpr *expr); CharUnits getArrayCookieSizeImpl(QualType type); llvm::Value *InitializeArrayCookie(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *NewPtr, llvm::Value *NumElements, const CXXNewExpr *expr, QualType ElementType); llvm::Value *readArrayCookieImpl(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *allocPtr, CharUnits cookieSize); static bool needThisReturn(GlobalDecl GD); private: llvm::Constant *getSimpleNullMemberPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT); llvm::Constant *getZeroPtrDiff() { return llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.PtrDiffTy, 0); } llvm::Constant *getAllOnesPtrDiff() { return llvm::Constant::getAllOnesValue(CGM.PtrDiffTy); } public: virtual llvm::Constant *EmitNullMemberPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT); virtual llvm::Constant *EmitMemberDataPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT, CharUnits offset); virtual llvm::Value *EmitMemberPointerIsNotNull(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT); virtual llvm::Value *EmitMemberDataPointerAddress(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *Base, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT); }; } llvm::Value *MicrosoftCXXABI::adjustToCompleteObject(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *ptr, QualType type) { // FIXME: implement return ptr; } bool MicrosoftCXXABI::needThisReturn(GlobalDecl GD) { const CXXMethodDecl* MD = cast(GD.getDecl()); return isa(MD); } void MicrosoftCXXABI::BuildConstructorSignature(const CXXConstructorDecl *Ctor, CXXCtorType Type, CanQualType &ResTy, SmallVectorImpl &ArgTys) { // 'this' is already in place // Ctor returns this ptr ResTy = ArgTys[0]; const CXXRecordDecl *Class = Ctor->getParent(); if (Class->getNumVBases()) { // Constructors of classes with virtual bases take an implicit parameter. ArgTys.push_back(CGM.getContext().IntTy); } } llvm::BasicBlock *MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitCtorCompleteObjectHandler( CodeGenFunction &CGF) { llvm::Value *IsMostDerivedClass = getStructorImplicitParamValue(CGF); assert(IsMostDerivedClass && "ctor for a class with virtual bases must have an implicit parameter"); llvm::Value *IsCompleteObject = CGF.Builder.CreateIsNotNull(IsMostDerivedClass, "is_complete_object"); llvm::BasicBlock *CallVbaseCtorsBB = CGF.createBasicBlock("ctor.init_vbases"); llvm::BasicBlock *SkipVbaseCtorsBB = CGF.createBasicBlock("ctor.skip_vbases"); CGF.Builder.CreateCondBr(IsCompleteObject, CallVbaseCtorsBB, SkipVbaseCtorsBB); CGF.EmitBlock(CallVbaseCtorsBB); // FIXME: emit vbtables somewhere around here. // CGF will put the base ctor calls in this basic block for us later. return SkipVbaseCtorsBB; } void MicrosoftCXXABI::BuildDestructorSignature(const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType Type, CanQualType &ResTy, SmallVectorImpl &ArgTys) { // 'this' is already in place // TODO: 'for base' flag if (Type == Dtor_Deleting) { // The scalar deleting destructor takes an implicit bool parameter. ArgTys.push_back(CGM.getContext().BoolTy); } } static bool IsDeletingDtor(GlobalDecl GD) { const CXXMethodDecl* MD = cast(GD.getDecl()); if (isa(MD)) { return GD.getDtorType() == Dtor_Deleting; } return false; } void MicrosoftCXXABI::BuildInstanceFunctionParams(CodeGenFunction &CGF, QualType &ResTy, FunctionArgList &Params) { BuildThisParam(CGF, Params); if (needThisReturn(CGF.CurGD)) { ResTy = Params[0]->getType(); } ASTContext &Context = getContext(); const CXXMethodDecl *MD = cast(CGF.CurGD.getDecl()); if (isa(MD) && MD->getParent()->getNumVBases()) { ImplicitParamDecl *IsMostDerived = ImplicitParamDecl::Create(Context, 0, CGF.CurGD.getDecl()->getLocation(), &Context.Idents.get("is_most_derived"), Context.IntTy); Params.push_back(IsMostDerived); getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CGF) = IsMostDerived; } else if (IsDeletingDtor(CGF.CurGD)) { ImplicitParamDecl *ShouldDelete = ImplicitParamDecl::Create(Context, 0, CGF.CurGD.getDecl()->getLocation(), &Context.Idents.get("should_call_delete"), Context.BoolTy); Params.push_back(ShouldDelete); getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CGF) = ShouldDelete; } } void MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitInstanceFunctionProlog(CodeGenFunction &CGF) { EmitThisParam(CGF); if (needThisReturn(CGF.CurGD)) { CGF.Builder.CreateStore(getThisValue(CGF), CGF.ReturnValue); } const CXXMethodDecl *MD = cast(CGF.CurGD.getDecl()); if (isa(MD) && MD->getParent()->getNumVBases()) { assert(getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CGF) && "no implicit parameter for a constructor with virtual bases?"); getStructorImplicitParamValue(CGF) = CGF.Builder.CreateLoad( CGF.GetAddrOfLocalVar(getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CGF)), "is_most_derived"); } if (IsDeletingDtor(CGF.CurGD)) { assert(getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CGF) && "no implicit parameter for a deleting destructor?"); getStructorImplicitParamValue(CGF) = CGF.Builder.CreateLoad( CGF.GetAddrOfLocalVar(getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CGF)), "should_call_delete"); } } llvm::Value *MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitConstructorCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXConstructorDecl *D, CXXCtorType Type, bool ForVirtualBase, bool Delegating, llvm::Value *This, CallExpr::const_arg_iterator ArgBeg, CallExpr::const_arg_iterator ArgEnd) { assert(Type == Ctor_Complete || Type == Ctor_Base); llvm::Value *Callee = CGM.GetAddrOfCXXConstructor(D, Ctor_Complete); llvm::Value *ImplicitParam = 0; QualType ImplicitParamTy; if (D->getParent()->getNumVBases()) { ImplicitParam = llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.Int32Ty, Type == Ctor_Complete); ImplicitParamTy = getContext().IntTy; } // FIXME: Provide a source location here. CGF.EmitCXXMemberCall(D, SourceLocation(), Callee, ReturnValueSlot(), This, ImplicitParam, ImplicitParamTy, ArgBeg, ArgEnd); return Callee; } RValue MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitVirtualDestructorCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType DtorType, SourceLocation CallLoc, ReturnValueSlot ReturnValue, llvm::Value *This) { assert(DtorType == Dtor_Deleting || DtorType == Dtor_Complete); // We have only one destructor in the vftable but can get both behaviors // by passing an implicit bool parameter. const CGFunctionInfo *FInfo = &CGM.getTypes().arrangeCXXDestructor(Dtor, Dtor_Deleting); llvm::Type *Ty = CGF.CGM.getTypes().GetFunctionType(*FInfo); llvm::Value *Callee = CGF.BuildVirtualCall(Dtor, Dtor_Deleting, This, Ty); ASTContext &Context = CGF.getContext(); llvm::Value *ImplicitParam = llvm::ConstantInt::get(llvm::IntegerType::getInt1Ty(CGF.getLLVMContext()), DtorType == Dtor_Deleting); return CGF.EmitCXXMemberCall(Dtor, CallLoc, Callee, ReturnValue, This, ImplicitParam, Context.BoolTy, 0, 0); } bool MicrosoftCXXABI::requiresArrayCookie(const CXXDeleteExpr *expr, QualType elementType) { // Microsoft seems to completely ignore the possibility of a // two-argument usual deallocation function. return elementType.isDestructedType(); } bool MicrosoftCXXABI::requiresArrayCookie(const CXXNewExpr *expr) { // Microsoft seems to completely ignore the possibility of a // two-argument usual deallocation function. return expr->getAllocatedType().isDestructedType(); } CharUnits MicrosoftCXXABI::getArrayCookieSizeImpl(QualType type) { // The array cookie is always a size_t; we then pad that out to the // alignment of the element type. ASTContext &Ctx = getContext(); return std::max(Ctx.getTypeSizeInChars(Ctx.getSizeType()), Ctx.getTypeAlignInChars(type)); } llvm::Value *MicrosoftCXXABI::readArrayCookieImpl(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *allocPtr, CharUnits cookieSize) { unsigned AS = allocPtr->getType()->getPointerAddressSpace(); llvm::Value *numElementsPtr = CGF.Builder.CreateBitCast(allocPtr, CGF.SizeTy->getPointerTo(AS)); return CGF.Builder.CreateLoad(numElementsPtr); } llvm::Value* MicrosoftCXXABI::InitializeArrayCookie(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *newPtr, llvm::Value *numElements, const CXXNewExpr *expr, QualType elementType) { assert(requiresArrayCookie(expr)); // The size of the cookie. CharUnits cookieSize = getArrayCookieSizeImpl(elementType); // Compute an offset to the cookie. llvm::Value *cookiePtr = newPtr; // Write the number of elements into the appropriate slot. unsigned AS = newPtr->getType()->getPointerAddressSpace(); llvm::Value *numElementsPtr = CGF.Builder.CreateBitCast(cookiePtr, CGF.SizeTy->getPointerTo(AS)); CGF.Builder.CreateStore(numElements, numElementsPtr); // Finally, compute a pointer to the actual data buffer by skipping // over the cookie completely. return CGF.Builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP1_64(newPtr, cookieSize.getQuantity()); } void MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitGuardedInit(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const VarDecl &D, llvm::GlobalVariable *DeclPtr, bool PerformInit) { // FIXME: this code was only tested for global initialization. // Not sure whether we want thread-safe static local variables as VS // doesn't make them thread-safe. // Emit the initializer and add a global destructor if appropriate. CGF.EmitCXXGlobalVarDeclInit(D, DeclPtr, PerformInit); } // Returns true for member pointer types that we know how to represent with a // simple ptrdiff_t. Currently we only know how to emit, test, and load member // data pointers for complete single inheritance classes. static bool isSimpleMemberPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT) { const CXXRecordDecl *RD = MPT->getClass()->getAsCXXRecordDecl(); return (MPT->isMemberDataPointer() && !MPT->getClass()->isIncompleteType() && RD->getNumVBases() == 0); } llvm::Constant * MicrosoftCXXABI::getSimpleNullMemberPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT) { if (isSimpleMemberPointer(MPT)) { const CXXRecordDecl *RD = MPT->getClass()->getAsCXXRecordDecl(); // A null member data pointer is represented as -1 if the class is not // polymorphic, and 0 otherwise. if (RD->isPolymorphic()) return getZeroPtrDiff(); return getAllOnesPtrDiff(); } return GetBogusMemberPointer(QualType(MPT, 0)); } llvm::Constant * MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitNullMemberPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT) { if (isSimpleMemberPointer(MPT)) return getSimpleNullMemberPointer(MPT); // FIXME: Implement function member pointers. return GetBogusMemberPointer(QualType(MPT, 0)); } llvm::Constant * MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitMemberDataPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT, CharUnits offset) { // Member data pointers are plain offsets when no virtual bases are involved. if (isSimpleMemberPointer(MPT)) return llvm::ConstantInt::get(CGM.PtrDiffTy, offset.getQuantity()); // FIXME: Implement member pointers other inheritance models. return GetBogusMemberPointer(QualType(MPT, 0)); } llvm::Value * MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitMemberPointerIsNotNull(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT) { CGBuilderTy &Builder = CGF.Builder; // For member data pointers, this is just a check against -1 or 0. if (isSimpleMemberPointer(MPT)) { llvm::Constant *Val = getSimpleNullMemberPointer(MPT); return Builder.CreateICmpNE(MemPtr, Val, "memptr.tobool"); } // FIXME: Implement member pointers other inheritance models. ErrorUnsupportedABI(CGF, "function member pointer tests"); return GetBogusMemberPointer(QualType(MPT, 0)); } llvm::Value * MicrosoftCXXABI::EmitMemberDataPointerAddress(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *Base, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT) { unsigned AS = Base->getType()->getPointerAddressSpace(); llvm::Type *PType = CGF.ConvertTypeForMem(MPT->getPointeeType())->getPointerTo(AS); CGBuilderTy &Builder = CGF.Builder; if (MPT->isMemberFunctionPointer()) { ErrorUnsupportedABI(CGF, "function member pointer address"); return llvm::Constant::getNullValue(PType); } llvm::Value *Addr; if (isSimpleMemberPointer(MPT)) { // Add the offset with GEP and i8*. assert(MemPtr->getType() == CGM.PtrDiffTy); Base = Builder.CreateBitCast(Base, Builder.getInt8Ty()->getPointerTo(AS)); Addr = Builder.CreateInBoundsGEP(Base, MemPtr, "memptr.offset"); } else { ErrorUnsupportedABI(CGF, "non-scalar member pointers"); return llvm::Constant::getNullValue(PType); } // Cast the address to the appropriate pointer type, adopting the address // space of the base pointer. return Builder.CreateBitCast(Addr, PType); } CGCXXABI *clang::CodeGen::CreateMicrosoftCXXABI(CodeGenModule &CGM) { return new MicrosoftCXXABI(CGM); }