The &os; Project $FreeBSD$ 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 The &os; Documentation Project &tm-attrib.freebsd; &tm-attrib.ibm; &tm-attrib.ieee; &tm-attrib.intel; &tm-attrib.sparc; &tm-attrib.general; The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the &release.branch; development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented. This document contains the release notes for &os; &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on upgrading from previous versions of &os;. The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes apply represents the latest point along the &release.branch; development branch since &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at &release.url;. The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at &release.url;. This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be found at &release.url; or any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the Obtaining &os; appendix to the &os; Handbook. All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with late-breaking information discovered late in the release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os; &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site. This section describes the most user-visible new or changed features in &os; since &release.prev;. Typical release note items document recent security advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural improvements.   A new &man.sysctl.8;, kern.panic_reboot_wait_time, has been added, which allows controlling how long the system will wait after &man.panic.9; before rebooting. The &man.vt.4; driver has been merged from &os;-CURRENT. To enable &man.vt.4;, enter set kern.vty=vt at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add kern.vty=vt to &man.loader.conf.5; and reboot the system. Support for &man.hwpmc.4; has been added for &powerpc; 970 class processors. Support for ADT7460 and ADT7467 fan controllers found in newer PowerBooks™ and iBooks™ has been added to the &man.iicbus.4; driver. A panic triggered by removing a &man.urtwn.4; device has been fixed. A potential deadlock in the &man.usb.4; stack triggered by detaching USB devices that create character devices has been fixed. Support for &amd; Family 16h sensor devices has been added to &man.amdtemp.4;. The &man.uslcom.4; driver has been updated to support 26 new devices. A kernel bug that inhibited proper functionality of the dev.cpu.0.freq &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo Boost™ enabled has been fixed. The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to include support for the &intel; Lynx Point KT AMT serial port. The radeonkms(4) driver has been updated to include 32-bit &man.ioctl.2; support, allowing 32-bit applications to run on a 64-bit system. A bug that would prevent a &man.jail.8; from setting the correct IPv4 source address with some operations that required security.jail.allow_raw_sockets has been fixed. The &man.hwpmc.4; driver has been updated to support core events from the Atom™ Silvermont architecture. The &man.oce.4; driver has been updated with vendor-supplied fixes for big endian support, and 20GB/s and 25GB/s link speeds. The &os; virtual memory subsystem has been updated to implement fast path for the page fault handler. The &man.asmc.4; driver has been updated to support the &apple; Mac Mini 3,1. The &os;/&arch.powerpc64; default kernel configuration, GENERIC64, has been updated to enable the &man.vt.4; console driver for the Sony® Playstation 3™ platform. The &os;/&arch.powerpc; ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console when the &man.vt.4; console driver is used, has been modified to work with the x11-drivers/xf86-video-scfb port. If using an ATI graphics card with the &man.vt.4; driver, the x11-servers/xorg-server package must be updated to version 1.12.4_8 or newer. Several performance enchancements to the &man.vt.4; driver have been merged from &os;-CURRENT. The default stack size (KSTACK_PAGES) has been increased from 4 to 8 for the &arch.powerpc64; architecture. The &os;/&arch.powerpc; ATI driver has been updated to support enabling and disabling the Radeon 9700 backlight, found in the &apple; PowerBook™ G4. Hardware context support has been added to the drm/i915 driver, adding support for Mesa 9.2 and later. Support for µsoft; Hyper-V has been added to &os;/i386 as loadable modules, however not available in the GENERIC kernel configuration. The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor now supports soft power-off functionality via the ACPI S5 state. Support for &os;/i386 guests has been added to &man.bhyve.4;. Support for virtualized XSAVE has been added to &man.bhyve.4;, allowing guest operating systems to use XSAVE and XSAVE-enabled features, such as AVX. The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor now supports booting from a &man.zfs.8; filesystem. A new driver, &man.virtio_random.4;, has been added, which allows &os; virtual machines to harvest entropy from the hypervisor. The &man.bhyve.4; hypervisor has been synced with the version in &os;-CURRENT. A number of enhancements have been added, and several bug fixes, including: Post-mortem debugging has been added when a guest virtual machine exits with an EPT Misconfiguration error. The hypervisor &man.virtio.4; API has been expanded from 32- to 64-bit. Support for identifying capabilities of the virtual CPU has been added. Support for emulating legacy x86 task switching has been added. Support to list the VT-x features in base kernel &man.dmesg.8; has been added. Support for extended PCI configuration space has been added. The WANDBOARD kernel configuration file has been added. Boot devices may now be specified by setting a u-boot environment variable. If a boot device is not specified, the probe mechanism will be used. To specify the boot device, set the loaderdev=device u-boot environment variable. The nexus(4) driver has been updated to include Flattened Device Tree support, replacing the &man.fdtbus.4; driver in most cases. The &man.gpioiic.4; and &man.gpioled.4; have been merged from &os;-CURRENT. Support for hardware floating point was added to the kernel, and enabled by default in the configuration files for all platforms that contain the required hardware. C++ exception handling now works with GCC. Support for SMP was added to the kernel, and enabled by default in the configuration files for all platforms that contain multi-core CPUs. Support was added for: CHROMEBOOK (Samsung Exynos 5250) COLIBRI (Freescale Vybrid) COSMIC (Freescale Vybrid) IMX53-QSB (Freescale i.MX53) QUARTZ (Freescale Vybrid) RADXA (Rockchip rk30xx) WANDBOARD (Freescale i.MX6) An I2C driver was added for the RaspberryPi. Drivers have been added to support TI platforms, such as BEAGLEBONE and PANDABOARD: PRUSS (Programmable Realtime Unit Subsystem) MBOX (Mailbox hardware) SDHCI (new faster driver for MMC/SD storage) PPS (Pulse Per Second input on a GPIO/timer pin) PWM (Pulse Width Modulation output) ADC (Analog to Digital converter) A kernel selection menu has been added to &man.loader.8;. If the beastie menu is enabled, the kernel to boot may be selected from the kernel selection menu. Additional kernels may be listed in &man.loader.conf.5; as a comma- or space-separated list. By default, kernel and kernel.old are listed. The sys/boot/ sources have been rearranged, moving &man.libstand.3; to a directory indicating the library is built as 32-bit. The &man.libstand.3; library has been updated to produce a 64-bit shared library for the &os;/&arch.amd64; and &os;/&arch.powerpc64; architectures. Initial support for UEFI boot has been added. Three new files are installed to /boot, supporting UEFI boot: boot1.efi: The UEFI first stage bootstrap file. boot1.efifat: A FAT filesystem image containing an EFI system partition. loader.efi: The third stage bootstrap file. Serial console and null console support has been added to the UEFI boot loader. Support has been added to cache &man.geli.8; passphrases during system boot. When a system is configured with multiple GEOM_ELI providers all using the same passphrase, the passphrase that is cached after the first entry is used for the subsequent GEOM_ELI provider. If the passphrase in the cache is incorrect, then a prompt for the passphrase for the next provider is displayed.     Support for Ralink RT5370 and RT5372 chipsets has been added to the &man.run.4; driver. Firmware for the &man.run.4; driver has been updated to version 0.33. Support for the Ralink RT3593 chipset has been added to the &man.run.4; driver. The &man.nve.4; driver is now deprecated, and the &man.nfe.4; driver should be used instead. Support for the &man.axge.4; driver has been added. This driver supports the ASIX AX88178A and AX88179 USB ethernet adapters. The AX88178A supports USB 2.0, and the AX88179 supports USB 2.0 and 3.0. The &man.urndis.4; driver has been imported from OpenBSD. Support for multiple transmitter/receiver queues has been added to the &man.vmx.4; driver. The &os; guest operating system must have MSIX enabled as a prerequisite for multiple queues. Support for the ASUS USB-N10 Nano wireless card has been added to the &man.urtwn.4; driver. Transmission checksum offloading has been disabled for the RTL8168C and RTL8168CP chipsets in the &man.re.4; driver for TCP and UDP frames. This is due to a report of UDP datagrams with IP options generating corrupt frames. Preliminary support has been added to the &man.urtwn.4; driver for the Realtek RTL8188EUS and RTL8188ETV chipsets. A bug in the fast receiver buffer recycle path has been fixed in the &man.cxgbe.4; driver. The bundled &man.cxgbe.4; firmware for T4 and T5 cards has been updated to version 1.11.27.0. The &man.em.4; driver has been updated to version 7.4.2. The &man.ixgbe.4; tunables have been renamed to match their &man.sysctl.8; counterparts: Old Name New Name hw.ixgbe.enable_aim hw.ix.enable_aim hw.ixgbe.max_interrupt_rate hw.ix.max_interrupt_rate hw.ixgbe.rx_process_limit hw.ix.rx_process_limit hw.ixgbe.tx_process_limit hw.ix.tx_process_limit hw.ixgbe.enable_msix hw.ix.enable_msix hw.ixgbe.num_queues hw.ix.num_queues hw.ixgbe.txd hw.ix.txd hw.ixgbe.rxd hw.ix.rxd hw.ixgbe.unsupported_sfp hw.ix.unsupported_sfp Be sure to update &man.loader.conf.5; if using the old tunables before upgrading to &os; &release.current;. The &man.if.nf10bmac.4; driver has been merged from &os;-CURRENT to support the NetFPGA-10G Embedded CPU Ethernet Core. The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been updated to support &man.netmap.4; for the T5 10G/40G cards. The &man.vtnet.4; driver has been updated to support &man.netmap.4;. The &man.urtwn.4; driver has been updated to support the ASUS USB-AC51 wireless card. The &intel; XL710 ethernet controller driver, ixlv(4), has been merged from &os;-CURRENT. Support for the UDP-Lite protocol (RFC 3828) has been added to the IPv4 and IPv6 stacks. A bug in &man.sctp.4; that would allow two listening sockets bound to the same port has been fixed. Kernel RPC code, which is a base of NFS server took multiple optimizations, that significantly improved its performance and SMP scalability. The iSCSI initiator has been updated to support redirection handling when an iSCSI device is configured with multiple IP addresses across different network interfaces. Previously, clients connecting to such iSCSI devices could require additional client-side configuration. A new &man.sysctl.8;, kern.iscsi.fail_on_disconnection, has been added, which allows iSCSI clients to remove the attached disk device when the connection to the target is dropped, where previously I/O would stop until the connection is restored. The iSCSI transmit code has been optimized to coalesce PDUs and avoid lock contention. Several performance optimizations have been made to the iSCSI subsystem, including deferring wakeup until enough data has been received to read or write a file, reducing CPU usage and throughput performance with large I/O workloads. Support for hostname- and IP-based access restriction has been added to the iSCSI &man.ctld.8; daemon. The &man.ctld.8; daemon has been updated to allow overriding the default portal-group configuration. The &man.ctld.8; daemon now includes a new auth-group, default, defaulting to deny, which is possible to override. The &man.geom.4; subsystem has been updated to support I/O direct dispatch. When safety requirements are met, it enables avoiding passing I/O requests to GEOM g_up/g_down thread, executing them directly in the caller context, avoiding CPU bottlenecks in g_up/g_down threads, plus avoid several context switches per I/O. The &man.geom.4; RAID driver has been updated to support unmapped I/O. The &man.cam.4; subsystem has been updated to support finer-grained locking, direct dispatch and multi-queue, which combined with &man.geom.4; direct dispatch, reduces lock congestion and improves SMP scalability of the SCSI/ATA stack. The &man.geom.8; GEOM_MULTIPATH class has been updated to support automatic live partition resizing. The &man.virtio_blk.4; driver has been updated to support unmapped I/O. The &man.virtio_scsi.4; driver has been updated to support unmapped I/O. Support for LUN-based CD changers has been removed from the &man.cd.4; driver. Support for BIO_DELETE has been added to &man.zfs.8; zvol volumes. Support for 9th generation HP host bus adapter cards has been added to &man.ciss.4;. The &man.mpr.4; device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers. A new zvol property volmode and &man.sysctl.8; vfs.zfs.vol.mode has been added to allow switching zvol between three different ways of exposing it to a user: geom, dev and none. The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added, providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default. To enable &man.mrsas.4; add hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1 to /boot/loader.conf, which turns off &man.mfi.4; device probing. At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os; version of MegaCLI and StorCli do not work with &man.mrsas.4;. Fixed accounting of BIO_FLUSH operation in &man.geom.8; GEOM_DISK class The &man.gstat.8; utility now has an -o option, to display other operations, such as BIO_FLUSH. The &man.mfi.4; driver has been updated to include support for unmapped I/O. The &man.hpt27xx.4; driver has been updated with various vendor-supplied bug fixes. Support for unmapped I/O has been added to the &man.xen.4; blkfront driver. The &man.geom.8; label class is now aware of resized partitions. This corrects an issue where geom resize would resize the partition, but the label provider in /dev/gptid/ would not be resized. The &man.gmirror.8; utility now has a resize command, making it easier to resize the size of a mirror when all of its components have been replaced. Support for MegaRAID Fury cards has been added to the &man.mfi.4; driver. The &man.aacraid.4; driver has been updated to version 3.2.5. The GEOM_VINUM option is now able to be built both directly into the kernel or as a &man.kldload.8; loadable module. The &man.geom.8; GEOM_PART class has been updated to support automatic partition resizing. Changes to the partition size are not saved to disk until gpart commit is run, and prior to saving, can be reverted with gpart undo. The &man.geom.uncompress.4; module is built by default which, similar to &man.geom.uzip.4;, provides support for compressed, read-only disk images. Support for the disklabel64 partitioning scheme has been added to &man.gpart.8;. A new &man.sysctl.8; and &man.loader.8; tunable, kern.geom.part.mbr.enforce_chs has been added to the &man.geom.8; MBR partition class. When set to a non-zero value, GEOM_PART_MBR will automatically recalculate the user-specified offset and size for alignment with the disk geometry. Many improvements to the CAM Target Layer (CTL): Support for UNMAP, WRITE SAME, COMPARE AND WRITE, XCOPY and some other SCSI commands was added to support VMWare VAAI and Microsoft ODX storage acceleration. The READ/WRITE size limitations were removed by supporting multiple data moves per command. Finer-grained per-LUN locking and multiple worker threads for better SMP scapability. Memory consumption reduced by several times by disabling some never used functionality. The maximum number of SCSI ports increased from 32 to 128. Improved zvol integration for better performance. The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been updated to version 1.0.1. The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added to the GENERIC kernel configuration on &arch.amd64; and &arch.i386; architectures. The vfs.zfs.zio.use_uma &man.sysctl.8; has been re-enabled. On multi-CPU machines with enough RAM, this can easily double &man.zfs.8; performance or reduce CPU usage in half. It was originally disabled due to memory and KVA exhaustion problem reports, which should be resolved due to several changes in the VM subsystem. A new flag, -R, has been added to the &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility. When used, &man.fsck.ffs.8; will restart itself when too many critical errors have been detected. The &man.zfs.8; filesystem has been updated to implement bookmarks. See &man.zfs.8; for further details. The &man.zfs.8; filesystem has been updated to allow tuning the minimum ashift value when creating new top-level virtual devices (vdevs). To set the minimum ashift value, for example when creating a &man.zpool.8; on Advanced Format drives, set the vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift &man.sysctl.8; accordingly. The libzfs thread pool API has been imported from OpenSolaris, and adapted for &os;. This change allows parallel disk scanning, which can reduce &man.zpool.8; overall import time in some workloads. The &man.restore.8; utility has been updated to prevent assertion failures when restoring a UFS filesystem dump to a ZFS filesystem by writing restored files in block sizes that are a multiple of 1024. Two &man.sysctl.8;s have been added to the &man.zfs.8; filesystem: vfs.zfs.mg_fragmentation_threshold: The percentage of the metaslab group size that should be considered eligible for allocation, unless all metaslab groups within the metaslab class have also crossed this threshold. vfs.zfs.metaslab.fragmentation_threshold: The maximum percentage of metaslab fragmentation level to keep their active state The default &man.zfs.8; ARC hash table size has been increased, and a new &man.loader.8; tunable, vfs.zfs.arc_average_blocksize, has been added. Previously, the hash table could be too small, which would lead to long hash chains and limit performance for cached reads. The vfs.zfs.arc_average_blocksize tunable allows overriding the default block size. The previous default was 65536, and default of the new &man.loader.8; tunable is 8192. The Fast File System (FFS) has been updated to support multi-threaded soft updates. Previously, soft updates were handled by a single thread, and as of this change, now have one thread per FFS mountpoint. The new filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been merged from &os;-CURRENT. The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™ and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility, and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8; daemons. A new flag is added to &man.camcontrol.8;, -b, which outputs the existing buses and their parents. The &man.newsyslog.8; utility has been updated to rotate files based on the actual file size instead of the blocks on disk. This matches the behavior documented in &man.newsyslog.conf.5;. The location of the &man.rctl.8; configuration file can now be overridden in &man.rc.conf.5;. To use a non-default location, set rctl_rules in &man.rc.conf.5; to the location of the file. The ATF test suite has been updated to version 0.20. The test suite is disabled by default in &os; 10.1, and can be enabled by adding WITH_TESTS=yes to &man.src.conf.5;. The libucl library (Unified Configuration Library) has been merged from &os;-CURRENT. The &man.pkg.7; bootstrapping utility has been synced with the version in &os;-CURRENT. The &man.zfs.8; userland utility has been updated to include aliases for snapshot, which allows use of zfs list -t snap and zfs snap. The &man.zfs.8; userland utility has been updated to include a new flag to zfs list, -p, which when specified, prints the output in a parsable format. The Blowfish password format implementation has been updated. Support for $2b$ has been added, allowing use of passwords greater than 256 characters long. The &man.iconv.3; library has been updated to match NetBSD, providing several bug fixes. The &man.date.1; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -R, which prints the date and time output as specified in RFC 2822. The &man.bc.1; utility has been updated to version 1.1, in sync with the version in OpenBSD. The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -a, which when specified, produces a full stack track on the sampled points. The &man.netstat.8; and &man.route.8; utilities have been updated to include a shorthand equivalent to the -f inet and -f inet6 address specifiers, -4 and -6, respectively. The &man.crypt.3; library now defaults to SHA512 for password hashing. The &man.gvinum.8; utility has been updated to allow forceful configuration reset with the -f flag. Additionally, a bug that would prevent -f from properly creating a &man.gvinum.8; configuration has been fixed. The &man.login.conf.5; file now takes precedence over the shell-specific environment files. In particular, the PATH, BLOCKSIZE variables are commented from /usr/share/skel/dot.profile, and the path, BLOCKSIZE, and umask variables have been commented from /usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc. The &man.binmiscctl.8; userland utility and related image activator features have been merged from &os;-CURRENT. The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated to include the -J flag, used to filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names. Additionally, argument 0 can be used to -J to only list processes running on the host system. The &man.top.1; utility has been updated to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the &man.ps.1; change in r265229. The &man.gstat.8; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -o. When set, &man.gstat.8; will display statistics for operations such as BIO_FLUSH. The &man.fetch.3; library has been updated to look for root SSL certificates in /usr/local/etc/ssl/ before /etc/ssl/. The &man.clang.1;/llvm suite has been updated to version 3.4.1. The Blowfish password format has been changed to $2b$ by default. The amount of data collected for &man.hwpmc.4; has been updated to work with modern processors and larger amounts of available memory. The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -l, which ends event collection after the specified number of seconds. The &man.mergemaster.8; utility has been updated to avoid printing /var/tmp/temproot disappeared if there is nothing to compare. The &os; installer, &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to include optional &man.geli.8;-encrypted or &man.gmirror.8;-mirrored swap devices when installing onto a full &man.zfs.8; filesystem. Additionally, the parent &man.zfs.8; dataset is now configured with lz4 compression enabled. The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now includes files in the /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;. The &man.realpath.1; utility has been updated to return ENOTDIR on paths components . and .. that are not directories, such as /dev/null/. or /dev/null/... A new flag, onifconsole has been added to /etc/ttys. This allows the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent to off. Support for legacy PCI devices has been removed from &man.bhyve.8;. The &man.bhyve.8; userland utility has been updated to include SMBIOS support. A new flag has been added, -U, which allows specifying the UUID of the guest in the System Information structure. The &os; Project has migrated from the GNATS bug tracking system to Bugzilla. The &man.send-pr.1; utility used for submitting problem reports has been replaced with a stub shell script that instructs to use the Bugzilla web interface. The &man.patch.1; utility has been updated to include a --dry-run flag, which is equivalent to --check and -C. A bug in &man.bsdgrep.1; that would prevent patterns from being matched under certain conditions has been fixed. The &man.procstat.1; utility has been updated to include two new flags, -r and -H. When -r is specified, &man.procstat.1; will print current resource usage about the process(es). When -H is specified, &man.procstat.1; will print information about threads rather than the process(es). The -H flag is currently only used with -r to display resource usage for individual threads, rather than the entire process. The &man.sed.1; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -u, which enables unbuffered output when specified. The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been merged from &os;-CURRENT. The &man.camcontrol.8; has been updated to include a new persist command, which allows issuing SCSI PERSISTENT RESERVE IN and SCSI PERSISTENT RESERVE OUT. The &man.gstat.8; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -p, which displays only physical providers when specified. The &man.kldstat.8; utility has been updated to allow -q to be specified when also specifying -n module.ko. The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to include support for both fixed- and dynamically-allocated images for the VHD and VMDK formats. The &man.random.4; entropy collection script, /usr/libexec/save-entropy, no longer runs within &man.jail.8; environments. The &man.bhyve.8; wrapper script, /usr/share/examples/bhyve/vmrun.sh, has been synced with &os;-CURRENT. This update includes: A new flag, -e, has been added, which is used to set &man.loader.8; environment variables. A new flag, -C, has been added, which is used to specify the guest console device. A new flag, -H, has been added, which is used to pass the host path to &man.bhyveload.8;. Support for multiple disk and &man.tap.4; devices has been added. The -I flag has been removed. The &man.nfsd.8; server update to 4.1, adding support for RFC5661, has merged from &os;-CURRENT. The serial terminals ttyu0 and ttyu1 have been updated to onifconsole by default in &man.ttys.5;, which either can be the serial console, depending on the platform. The &man.ping6.8; utility has been updated to reset itimer when the maximum number of packets to send have been reached. This prevents &man.ping6.8; from exiting when the interval in set to a small value and a low number of packets to send has been specified. The &man.jail.8; utility has been updated to support extra &man.ifconfig.8; arguments for the ip4.addr and ip6.addr parameters. This change allows &man.carp.4; interfaces to be used within the &man.jail.8;. Support for generating and compiling USDT DTrace probes has been improved. DTrace USDT files are now handled similar to &man.lex.1; and &man.yacc.1; files, meaning support for handling D files as part of the build process is built into the SRCS &man.make.1; environment variable. The &man.iscsictl.8; utility has been updated to include a new flag, -M, which allows modifying the iSCSI session parameters without requiring the session to be removed and added back. The &man.mount.nfs.8; utility has been updated to support specifying the NFS version as a key=value pair argument to the -o flag. For example, to specify NFS version 4, the syntax to use is -o vers=4. The &man.devd.8; client socket type has been changed to SOCK_SEQPACKET, providing sequential packet support. Support for the account facility has been added to the &man.pam.group.8; module. The &man.pathchk.1; utility has been updated to ensure bytes greater than or equal to 128 are considered non-portable. The &man.zdb.8; utility is now included in the set of applications installed in the /rescue environment, making it possible to examine &man.zfs.8; filesystems when /usr is unavailable. Several libc improvements have been merged from illumos™ and &apple;, providing better internationalization support and &posix; compliance. Support for adding empty partitions has been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility. Support for QCOW and QCOW2 disk image formats has been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility. The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to include three options used to print information about &man.mkimg.1; itself: Option Output --version The current version of the &man.mkimg.1; utility --formats The disk image file formats supported by &man.mkimg.1; --schemes The partition schemes supported by &man.mkimg.1; The network.subr &man.rc.8; script has been updated to loosen the requirement of listing network aliases in numeric order. Previously, a network alias of _alias2 would not be created if _alias1 was not defined. The &man.service.8; utility has been updated to check that the &man.rc.d.8; directory exists before traversing the directory. A regression introduced in &os; 10.0-RELEASE that would prevent proper IPv6 allocation via the &man.jail.8; &man.rc.8; startup script has been fixed. The &man.rc.8; restriction requiring &man.mdconfig.8; devices defined in &man.rc.conf.5; to be listed sequentially has been removed. The &man.sshd.8; &man.rc.d.8; startup script now generates ED25519 &man.sshd.8; host keys if keys do not already exist when ssh_keygen_alg() is invoked. Support for &man.vt.4; keyboard maps has been added to the syscons &man.rc.d.8; startup script. Support for subdirectories within /etc/rc.conf.d/service/ has been added the &man.rc.d.8;. This allows creating separate configuration files for services such as netif, for example, where each network interface can have a separate configuration file. The default &man.rc.conf.5;, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, has been updated to include /usr/lib32/compat in the default ld-elf32.so.1 search path. The daily &man.periodic.8; script 110.clean-tmps has been updated to avoid crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in /tmp. The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated to a post-5.0.5 snapshot. OpenSSH has been updated to version 6.6p1. The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated to match the version in OpenBSD 5.5. Sendmail has been updated to 8.14.9. The &man.file.1; utility and &man.libmagic.3; library have been updated to 5.19. The &man.byacc.1; parser has been updated to version 20140422. The &man.lldb.1; debugging library has been updated to the r202189 snapshot. The &man.unbound.8; caching resolver and ldns have been updated to version 1.4.22. OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.0.1i. The lite version of Subversion included in the &os; base system and its dependencies have been updated: apr has been updated to version 1.5.1. apr-util has been updated to version 1.5.3. serf has been updated to version 1.3.7. svnlite has been updated to version 1.8.10. The &man.nvi.1; editor has been update to version 2.1.2-c80f493b038. The &man.fparseln.3; library has been updated to version 1.7. The lukemftpd FTP server has been removed from the &os; base system. The timezone database has been updated to version tzdata2014f. OpenPAM has been updated to Ourouparia (20140912).   The &man.services.mkdb.8; utility has been updated to include endianness awareness, allowing the services.db database to be created as part of the release build, regardless of native- or cross-built releases. The release/ scripts have been updated to produce UEFI-capable and BIOS-capable CD-ROM ISOs as well as memory stick images for the &os;/&arch.amd64; architecture. The release/scripts/pkg-stage.sh script has been updated to include a symlink to the on-disc version of &man.pkg.8; in the packages/ structure on the DVD installer. This allows the &man.pkg.7; bootstrap utility to properly locate the Latest/pkg.txz file on the DVD when REPOS_DIR is set to /dist/packages/repos, eliminating the need for a network connection or explicitly providing the path to the version included on the DVD installation medium. The &os; Release Engineering build tools have been updated to provide support for building virtual machine disk images as part of the release build process using &man.mkimg.1;. The disk image formats currently supported include QCOW2, VHD, VMDK, and raw formats. See &man.release.7; for additional information.   Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as unmodified GENERIC kernel distributed as a part of an official &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity. Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os; base system from source code) from previous versions are supported, according to the instructions in /usr/src/UPDATING. Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up all data and configuration files.