The &os; Project $FreeBSD$ 2011 The &os; Documentation Project &tm-attrib.freebsd; &tm-attrib.ibm; &tm-attrib.ieee; &tm-attrib.intel; &tm-attrib.sparc; &tm-attrib.general; The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the &release.branch; development line. This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented. This document contains the release notes for &os; &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on upgrading from previous versions of &os;. The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes apply represents the latest point along the &release.branch; development branch since &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at . ]]> The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at . ]]> This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be found at or any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the Obtaining &os; appendix to the &os; Handbook. ]]> All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with late-breaking information discovered late in the release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os; &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site. This section describes the most user-visible new or changed features in &os; since &release.prev;. Typical release note items document recent security advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural improvements. Problems described in the following security advisories have been fixed. For more information, consult the individual advisories available from . Advisory Date Topic SA-10:08.bzip2 20 September 2010 Integer overflow in bzip2 decompression SA-10:10.openssl 29 November 2010 OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities The maximum number of pages used for DMA bounce buffer pool has been increased from 256 to 1024. The default value of kern.hz has been increased from 100 to 1000. The SMP kernel now works on MPC7400-based Apple desktop machines such as PowerMac3,3. &os;/powerpc now supports DMA bounce buffer which is required on systems with larger RAM than 4GB. &os;/mips support has been improved. It now supports SMP on a SWARM with a dual-core Sibyte processor. &os;/sparc64 now supports reservation-based physical memory allocation which provides better performance. &os;/amd64 now always sets the KVA space as equal to or larger than physical memory size. The default size was calculated based on one-third of the physical memory size by a code derived from one for i386. It has been changed because constraints for memory space are not severe on amd64 and this change would help to prevent a kmem_map too small panic which often occurs when using ZFS. CPU topology detection for Intel CPUs has been improved. ACPI suspend/resume functionality support has been improved. The qpi(4) pseudo bus driver has been added. This supports extra PCI buses on Intel QPI chipsets where various hardware such as memory controllers for each socket is connected. The &man.acpi.4; driver now uses ACPI Reset Register capability by default only when a flag in the FADT which indicates it is available. This behavior was controlled by a &man.sysctl.8; variable hw.acpi.handle_reboot and the default value was always set to 0. The &man.acpi.4; driver now supports new loader tunables hw.acpi.install_interface and hw.acpi.remove_interface. For more details, see &man.acpi.4; manual page. The &man.ddb.8; kernel debugger now supports an optional delay in reset and reboot commands. This allows an administrator to break the system into debugger and trigger automatic textdump when an unattended panic occurs. The &man.ddb.8; kernel debugger now supports a show cdev command. This displays the list of all created cdev's, consisting of devfs node name and struct cdev address. The &os; GENERIC kernel is now compiled with KDB and KDB_TRACE options. From 8.2-RELEASE the kernel supports displaying a stack trace on panic by using &man.stack.9; facility with no debugger backend like &man.ddb.8;. Note that this does not change the default behaviors of the GENERIC kernel on panic. The following &man.sysctl.8; variables are also now loader tunables: vm.kmem_size, vm.kmem_size_max, and vm.kmem_size_min, debug.kdb.stop_cpus, debug.trace_on_panic, and kern.sync_on_panic. Also, new &man.sysctl.8; variables vm.kmem_map_size for the current kmem map size and vm.kmem_map_free for largest contiguous free range in kmem map, vfs.ncsizefactor for size factor for namecache, and vfs.ncnegfactor for ratio of negative namecache entries have been added. The &os; &man.memguard.9; framework has been improved to make it able to detect use-after-free of allocated memories over a longer time. For more details, see &man.memguard.9; manual page. The &os; &man.crypto.4; framework (opencrypto) now supports XTS-AES (XEX-TCB-CTS, or XEX-based Tweaked Code Book mode with CipherText Stealing), which is defined in IEEE Std. 1619-2007. Xen HVM support in &os;/amd64 kernel has been improved. For more details, see &man.xen.4; manual page. &os; now fully supports GPT (GUID Partition Table). Checksums of primary header and primary partition table are verified properly now. Memory management issues which prevents &os; OpenFirmware loader and netbooting from working have been fixed. The &man.pxeboot.8; now uses NFS version 3 instead of version 2 by default. The &man.aesni.4; driver, which supports AES accelerator on Intel CPUs has been added. This accelerates AES operations for &man.crypto.4;. The &man.aibs.4; driver has been added. This supports the hardware sensors in ASUS motherboards and replaces the &man.acpi.aiboost.4; driver. The &man.coretemp.4; driver now supports Xeon 5500/5600 series. &os;/powerpc now supports I2C bus in Apple System Management Unit. A device driver which supports CPU temperature sensors on PowerMac 11,2 has been added. The &man.ehci.4;, &man.ohci.4;, and &man.uhci.4; driver now support LOW speed BULK transfer mode. The &man.ichwd.4; driver now supports Intel NM10 Express chipset watchdog timer. The &man.tpm.4; driver, which supports Trusted Platform Module has been added. The xhci(4) driver, which supports Extensible Host Controller Interface (xHCI) and USB 3.0 has been added. The &os; Linux emulation subsystem now supports video4linux API. This requires native video4linux hardware drivers such as ones whichmultimedia/pwc and multimedia/webcamd provide. MIDI input buffer size in the &man.uaudio.4; driver has been changed. This fixes a problem where the input appears several seconds late. An issue in the &man.uaudio.4; driver which prevents some USB audio devices from working has been fixed. The &man.alc.4; driver now supports Atheros AR8151/AR8152 PCIe Gigabit/Fast Ethernet controllers. A bug in the &man.alc.4; driver which can lead to a system freeze when the system is booted without a cable plugged in. The symptom was found in AR8132 on EEE PC. The TX interrupt moderation timer in the &man.alc.4; driver has been reduced from 50ms to 1ms. The 50ms timer resulted in a poor UDP performance. The &man.axe.4; driver has been improved for stability and better performance on the TX packet rate. The &man.bge.4; driver now supports BCM5718 family. This family is the successor to the BCM5714/BCM5715 family and supports IPv4/IPv6 checksum offloading, TSO, VLAN hardware tagging, jumbo frames, MSI/MSIX, IOV, RSS and TSS. The current version of the driver supports all hardware features except IOV and RSS/TSS. A bug in the &man.bge.4; driver which prevents TSO in BCM57780 from working has been fixed. A bug in the &man.bge.4; driver which can wrongly disable the TX checksum offloading feature as well when one tries only the RX checksum offloading has been fixed. Some improvements for reliability of the &man.bge.4; driver with BCM5906 or BCM6906 controller has been added. UDP checksum offloading in the &man.bge.4; driver has been disabled by default. This is because Broadcom controllers have a bug which can generate UDP datagrams with checksum value 0 when TX UDP checksum offloading is enabled. The checksum offloading can be enabled by using the following loader tunable: dev.bge.N.forced_udpcsum A bug in the &man.bge.4; driver which can lead poor performance on a system with RAM larger than 4GB has been fixed. The cause was that all of Broadcom controllers except for BCM5755 and later has 4GB boundary DMA bug and the inefficient use of bounce buffer. The &man.bwi.4; driver, which supports Broadcom BCM430* and BCM431* family Wireless Ethernet controllers, has been added. This is not compiled into the GENERIC kernel because there are some problems. The kernel module if_bwi.ko is available and can be loaded without recompiling the kernel to enable this driver. A bug in the &man.bwn.4; driver which prevents WPA authentication from working has been fixed. A bug in the &man.cdce.4; driver has been fixed. The &man.cxgb.4; driver now supports the following new &man.sysctl.8; variables: hw.cxgb.nfilters sets the maximum number of entries in the hardware filter table, dev.cxgbc.N.pkt_timestamp provides packet timestamp instead of connection hash, and dev.cxgbc.N.core_clock provides the core clock frequency in kHz. The &man.em.4; driver has been updated to version 7.1.9. The &man.igb.4; driver has been updated to version 2.0.7. The &man.em.4; and &man.igb.4; drivers now provide statistics counters as &man.sysctl.8; MIB objects. The &man.em.4; and &man.igb.4; drivers now support &man.led.4; interface via /dev/led/emN and /dev/led/igbN for identification LED control. The following command line makes the LED blink on em0: &prompt.root; echo f2 > /dev/led/em0 The &man.epair.4; virtual Ethernet interface driver now supports explicit UP/DOWN linkstate. This fixes an issue when it is used with the &man.carp.4; protocol. The &man.fxp.4; driver now supports TSO over VLAN on i82550 and i82551 controllers. The &man.iwn.4; driver now supports Intel Wireless WiFi Link 6000 series. The firmware has been updated to version 9.221.4.1. The &man.ixgbe.4; driver is now also provided as a kernel module. The &man.ixgbe.4; driver has been updated to version 2.3.8. It now supports 82599, better interrupt handling, hardware assist to LRO, VM SRIOV interface, and so on. The &man.miibus.4; has been rewritten for the generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support. The &man.alc.4; &man.bge.4;, &man.bce.4;, &man.jme.4;, &man.msk.4;, &man.nfe.4;, &man.re.4;, and &man.stge.4; drivers along with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4), ip1000phy(4), atphy(4), bmtphy(4), gentbi(4), inphy(4), jmphy(4), nsgphy(4), nsphyter(4), and &man.rgephy.4; have been updated to support flow control via this facility./para> The &man.mwlfw.4; driver is now also provided as a kernel module. A bug in the &man.mxge.4; driver which prevents TSO from working has been fixed. The &man.nfe.4; driver now supports WoL (Wake on LAN). The &man.re.4; driver now supports 64-bit DMA addressing for RTL810xE/RTL8168/RTL8111 PCIe controllers. The &man.re.4; driver now supports hardware interrupt moderation of TX completion interrupt on RTL8169/RTL8169 controllers. The &man.rl.4; driver now supports WoL (Wake on LAN) on RTL8139B or newer controllers. The &man.rl.4; driver now supports reading hardware statistics counters by setting a &man.sysctl.8; variable dev.re.N.stats to 1. The &man.rl.4; driver now supports a device hint to change a way of register access. Although some newer RTL8139 controllers support memory-mapped register access, it is difficult to detect the support automatically. For this reason the driver uses I/O mapping by default and provides the following device hint. If it is set to 0, the driver uses memory mapping for register access. hint.rl.N.prefer_iomap="0" Note that the default value is 1. The &man.rl.4; driver has been improved on interrupt handling. It now has better TX performance under high RX load. The &man.run.4; driver, which is from OpenBSD and supports Ralink RT2700U/RT2800U/RT3000U USB 802.11agn devices has been added. A bug in the &man.sk.4; driver has been fixed. It did not program the station address for Yukon controllers and overriding the station address with &man.ifconfig.8; was not possible. The &man.sk.4; driver now disable TX checksum offloading by default. This is because some revision of Yukon controller generates corrupted frames. The checksum offloading can be enabled manually by using txcsum option in the &man.ifconfig.8; utility. The &man.sis.4; driver now works on all supported platforms. Some stability and performance issues have also been fixed. The &man.sis.4; driver now supports WoL (Wake on LAN) on NS DP8315 controller. A tunable dev.sis.N.manual_pad for the &man.sis.4; driver has been added. This controls whether padding with 0x00 for short frames by software, not the controller. The reason why this tunable has been added is that NS DP83815/DP83816 pads them with 0xff though RFC 1042 specifies it should be 0x00. The tunable is disabled by default, which means padding with 0xff is used because padding with 0x00 by software needs extra CPU cycles. Setting a non-zero value enables the software padding. The &man.ste.4; driver now supports a device hint to change a way of register access. Although it uses memory-mapped register access by default, some old IC Plus Corp (formerly Sundace) controllers are found unstable. The following device hint makes the driver use I/O mapping for register access: hint.ste.N.prefer_iomap="1" The &man.xl.4; driver now supports WoL (Wake on LAN). Note that not all controllers support this functionality and some need an additional remote wakeup cable. The &man.altq.4; support is now provided as a kernel module alq.ko. A bug in the &man.ipfw.4; packet filter subsystem has been fixed. The &man.sysctl.8; variable net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass did not work for netgraph action and in-kernel NAT. A new loader tunable net.link.ifqmaxlen has been added. It specifies the default value of send interface queue length. The default value for this parameter is 50. A ngtee action in the &man.ipfw.4; packet filter subsystem has been changed. It no longer accepts a packet. A possible panic in the &man.ipfw.4; pseudo interface for logging has been fixed. IPsec flow distribution has been improved for more parallel processing. A bug in &os; IPv4 stack that a proxy ARP entry cannot be added over &man.netgraph.4; interfaces has been fixed. A bug in &os; IPv6 stack which prevents an -I in the &man.ping6.8; utility from working with net.inet6.ip6.use_defaultzone=1 has been fixed. The &man.lagg.4; interface now supports a &man.sysctl.8; variable net.link.lagg.failover_rx_all. This controls whether to accept input packets on any link in a failover lagg. The &man.ng.eiface.4; &man.netgraph.4; node now supports VLAN-compatible MTU and an MTU size which is larger than 1500. The &man.ng.ether.4; &man.netgraph.4; node now supports interface transfer between multiple virtual network stacks by &man.ifconfig.8; vnet command. A &man.ng.ether.4; node associated with an network interface is now destroyed and recreated when the network interface is moved to another vnet. A new &man.netgraph.4; node &man.ng.patch.4; has been added. This performs data modification of packets passing through. Modifications are restricted to a subset of C language operations on unsigned integers of 8, 16, 32 or 64-bit size. An ICMP unreachable problem in the &man.pf.4; packet filter subsystem when TSO support is enabled has been fixed. A TCP bandwidth delay product window limiting algorithm by a &man.sysctl.8; variable net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable is now disabled by default. It has been found that this algorithm is inefficient on a fast network with smaller RTT than 10ms. It had been enabled by default since 5.2-RELEASE, and then had been disabled only if the RTT was lesser than 10ms since 7.0-RELEASE. Pluggable TCP congestion control algorithm modules are planned to be added for the future releases. A bug in &os; TCP Path MTU discovery which can lead to a wrong calculation for a smaller MTU than 256 octets has been fixed. Note that this bug does not affect when MTU is equal to or larger than 256 octets. The TCP initial window increase in RFC 3390 which can be controlled by a &man.sysctl.8; variable net.inet.tcp.rfc3390 now reduces the congestion window to the restart window if a TCP connection has been idle for one retransmit timeout or more. For more details, see RFC 5681 Section 4.1. The &man.siftr.4;, Statistical Information For TCP Research (SIFTR) kernel module has been added. This is a facility that logs a range of statistics on active TCP connections to a log file. It provides the ability to make highly granular measurements of TCP connection state, aimed at system administrators, developers and researchers. &os; virtual network stack (vnet) now supports IPv4 multicast routing. The &man.ahci.4; driver now disables NCQ and PMP support on VIA VT8251 because they are unreliable under load. The &man.ahci.4; driver now uses 15 seconds for device reset timeout instead of 10 seconds because some devices needs 10-12 seconds to spin up. The &man.arcmsr.4; driver has been updated to version 1.20.00.19. The &man.ada.4; driver now supports a now &man.sysctl.8; variable kern.cam.ada.spindown_shutdown which controls whether or not to spin-down disks when shutting down if the device supports the functionality. The default value is 1. The &man.ata.4; driver now supports limiting initial ATA mode for devices via device hints hint.devname.unit.devN.mode or hint.devname.unit.mode. The valid values are the same as ones supported in the &man.atacontrol.8; and &man.camcontrol.8;. The &man.ata.4; driver now enables cable status check on both of controller and device side when hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin is enabled. An issue of device detection of Serverworks K2 SATA controllers in the &man.ata.4; has been fixed. A bug in the &man.ata.4; driver which prevents some Silicon Image chipsets from working on big endian systems has been fixed. The &man.gconcat.8; GEOM class now supports kernel crash dump. The dumping is performed to the component where a dump partition begins. A bug in the &man.geli.8; GEOM class on little endian platforms has been fixed. The metadata version has been updated to 4 due to this. The &man.geli.8; GEOM class now supports a &man.sysctl.8; variable kern.geom.eli.overwrites. This specifies the number of times on-disk keys should be overwritten when destroying them. The default value is 5. The &man.geli.8; GEOM class has been improved for preventing the same encryption key from being used in 2^20 blocks (sectors). The &man.geli.8; GEOM class now uses XTS-AES mode by default. A &man.sysctl.8; variable kern.geom.eli.debug now allows a value -1. This means turn off any log messages of the &man.geli.8; GEOM class. The &man.mpt.4; driver now supports larger I/O sizes which the device and &man.CAM.4; subsystem can support. This was limited to 64KB, and the number of scatter/gather segments was limited to 33 on platforms with 4K pages. The &man.twa.4; driver has been updated. The version number is 3.80.06.003. The &man.linprocfs.5; Linux process file system now supports proc/$$/environment. The &os; NFS client now supports a kernel environment variable boot.nfsroot.nfshandlelen. This lets the diskless root file system on boot to use NFS version 3 and the specified file handle length. If this variable is not set, NFS version 2 is used. The ZFS on-disk format has been updated to version 15. The ZFS metaslab code has been updated. This provides a noticeable improvement on write speed, especially on pools with less than 30% of free space. The related OpenSolaris Bug IDs are 6826241, 6869229, 6918420, and 6917066. The ZFS now supports offlining of log devices. The related OpenSolaris Bug IDs are 6599442, 6726045, and 6803605. Performance improvements for the ZFS have been imported from OpenSolaris. They include caching of ACL permission checks, faster handling of &man.stat.2;, mitigation of mutex lock contention. The related OpenSolaris Bug IDs are 6802734, 6844861, 6848431, 6775100, 6827779, 6857433, 6860318, 6865875, 6867395, 6868276, and 6870564. The default value of vfs.zfs.vdev.max_pending has been decreased from 35 to 10 (OpenSolaris Bug ID is 6891731) to improve latency. Various bugs in the ZFS subsystem have been fixed. The related OpenSolaris Bug IDs are: 6328632, 6396518, 6501037, 6504953, 6542860, 6551866, 6572357, 6572376, 6582163, 6586537, 6595194, 6596237, 6604992, 6621164, 6623978, 6633095, 6635482, 6664765, 6674216, 6696242, 6696858, 6702206, 6710376, 6713916, 6717022, 6722540, 6722991, 6737463, 6739487, 6739553, 6740164, 6745863, 6747596, 6747698, 6748436, 6755435, 6757430, 6758107, 6759986, 6759999, 6761100, 6761406, 6764124, 6765294, 6767129, 6769612, 6770866, 6774713, 6774886, 6775697, 6776104, 6776548, 6780491, 6784104, 6784108, 6785914, 6788152, 6788830, 6789318, 6790064, 6790345, 6790687, 6791064, 6791066, 6791071, 6791101, 6792134, 6792139, 6792884, 6793430, 6794136, 6794570, 6794830, 6797109, 6797118, 6798384, 6798878, 6799895, 6800184, 6800942, 6801507, 6801810, 6803343, 6803822, 6804954, 6807339, 6807765, 6809340, 6809683, 6809691, 6810367, 6815592, 6815893, 6816124, 6818183, 6821169, 6821170, 6822816, 6824006, 6824062, 6824968, 6826466, 6826468, 6826469, 6826470, 6826471, 6826472, 6827260, 6830237, 6830541, 6833162, 6833711, 6833999, 6834217, 6836714, 6836768, 6838062, 6838344, 6841321, 6843014, 6843069, 6843235, 6844069, 6844900, 6847229, 6848242, 6856634, 6857012, 6861983, 6862984, 6863610, 6870564, 6880764, 6882227, 6892298, 6898245, 6906110, 6906946, 6939941, 6950219, 6951024, and 6953403. The &man.arp.8; utility has been improved. It now runs faster even when a single interface has a number of aliases. A bug in the &man.b64decode.1; which prevents an -r option from handling arbitrary breaks in a base64 encoded string has been fixed. The &man.calendar.1; utility now supports repeating events which span multiple years, lunar events, and solar events. The &man.dhclient.8; utility now reports a reason for exiting and the 10-second period in which the &man.dhclient.8; ignores routing messages has been changed to start just after dhclient-script starts instead of just after it finished. This change fixes a symptom that &man.dhclient.8; silently exits under a certain condition. Userland support for the &man.dtrace.1; subsystem has been added. This allows inspection of userland software itself and its correlation with the kernel, thus allowing a much better picture of what exactly is going on behind the scenes. The &man.dtruss.1; utility has been added and the libproc has been updated to support the facility. The &man.du.1; utility now supports a -t threshold option to display entries that exceeds the value of threshold. If the value is negative, it displays entries with a value less than the absolute value of threshold. The &man.fdisk.8; utility now supports partitions which are provided by &man.gjournal.8; or &man.geli.8; GEOM class. The &man.gcore.1; utility now supports an -f flag which forces a full dump of all the segments except for the malformed ones. The &man.geli.8; utility now supports resize subcommand to resize encrypted file systems prior to growing it The &man.geli.8; utility now supports suspend and resume subcommands. The suspend subcommand makes &man.geli.8; devices wait for all in-flight I/O requests, suspend new I/O requests, remove all &man.geli.8; sensitive data from the kernel memory (like encryption keys) and will wait for either geli resume or geli detach command. For more information, see &man.geli.8; manual page. The &man.geli.8; utility now checks the metadata provider size strictly. If the check fails, the provider is not attached. A new option -f can override this behavior. The &man.geli.8; utility now supports -J newpassfile and -j passfile options for loading passphrease from a file. The gethost*(), getnet*(), and getproto*() functions now set the errno to ERANGE and the NSS backend terminates with NS_RETURN when the result buffer size is too small. The &man.gpart.8; utility now supports resize command to resize partitions for all schemes but EBR. The &man.gpart.8; utility now supports backup and restore subcommands to backup partition tables and restore them. The &man.gpart.8; utility now handles given geom/provider names with and without /dev/ prefix. The &man.gpart.8; utility now supports an -F option for force subcommand. This option force destroying of the partition table even if it is not empty. The &man.gpart.8; utility now supports a recover subcommand for GPT partition tables. A corrupted GPT is now marked when the following three types of corruption: Primary GPT header or table is corrupted. Secondary GPT header or table is corrupted. Secondary GPT header is not located at the last LBA. Any changes to the corrupted GPT table is not allowed except for destroy and recover subcommands./para> The &man.gpart.8; utility now supports GPT_ENT_ATTR_BOOTME, GPT_ENT_ATTR_BOOTONCE, and GPT_ENT_ATTR_BOOTFAILED attributes in GPT. The attribute keywords in the command line are bootme, bootonce, and bootfailed respectively. An issue in the &man.newfs.8; utility has been fixed. A UFS1 file system created with 64KB blocksize was incorrectly recognized as one with a broken superblock. This is because &os; kernel checks UFS2 superblock at 64KB offset in the partition first, and UFS1 with 64KB blocksize has an alternative superblock at the same location. For example, a file system created by newfs -U -O 1 -b 65536 -f 8192 could lead to this symptom. The &man.hastd.8; utility now supports SIGHUP for reloading the configuration file. When SIGTERM or SIGINT is received, the worker processes terminate. The &man.ifconfig.8; utility now check an invalid CIDR subnet notation more strictly. It wrongly accepted 10.0.0.1/10.0.0.1 as 10.0.0.1/10. An accuracy issue in the &man.jn.3; and &man.jnf.3; functions in libm has been fixed. Incorrect behaviors in stuttering sequences and reverse ranges in the &man.jot.1; utility have been fixed. The libarchive and &man.tar.1; utility now support LZMA (Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain-Algorithm) compression format. The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a blocksize which is up to 8192 (4MB) in the -b blocksize option. A bug in the &man.lpr.1; utility which prevents it from working with some files on a ZFS file system has been fixed. The -p option in the &man.mount.8; utility now displays rw mount option correctly as in the &man.fstab.5; format. The &man.ncal.1; utility has been updated. The option -b has been replaced with -C and -B number. Options -3 to show previous, this and next month, and -A number to show months after this month have been added. The option -m N YYYY now prints only the month, not the whole year. The &man.newsyslog.8; utility now supports an -S pidfile option to override the default &man.syslogd.8; PID file. The &man.newsyslog.8; utility now supports a special log file name <include> for processing file inclusion. Globing in the file name and circular dependency detection are supported. For more details, see &man.newsyslog.conf.5; manual page. The &man.ntpd.8; utility is now compiled with shared memory reference clock driver. For example, GPS devices can be used as source of precise time via astro/gpsd in the Ports Collection. An off-by-one error in the &man.pax.1; utility when ustar file name is too long has been fixed. The &man.pkill.1; utility now supports an -l option which the &man.kill.1; utility does. The &man.pmcstat.8; utility now supports a file and a network socket as a top source. A new option -O filename specifies to send log output to filename, and another new option -R filename specifies to receive events from filename. For a socket, the filename is in a form of ipaddr:port. This allows top monitoring over TCP on a system with no local symbols, for example. The &man.pom.6; utility now supports a -p flag to print only the percentage. The &man.powerd.8; utility now supports an -m freq and -M freq to control the minimum and maximum frequency, respectively. The &man.ruptime.1; utility now displays hostnames longer than 12 characters. A behavior of the &man.sh.1; program when an -u nounset option is specified has been changed. The special parameters $@ and $* no longer cause an error when there are no positional parameters. A bug in the &man.sh.1; program has been fixed. A SIGINT signal is now passed through from a child process if the shell is interactive and the job control is enabled. For example, aborting &man.sleep.1; command by Ctrl-C no longer display ok in the following command line: &prompt.user; sleep 5; echo ok The &man.sh.1; program now supports a bg command consisting solely of redirections. For example: &prompt.user; < /dev/null & The &man.sleep.1; utility now supports SIGINFO signal and reports the specified sleep time and the remaining time. The &man.tftp.1; and &man.tftpd.8; utilities have been improved for better interoperability and they now supports RFC 1350, 2347, 2348, 2349, and 3617. A bug in [=]=] equivalent class handling in the &man.tr.1; utility has been fixed. The &man.uname.1; utility now supports an -o flag as a synonym for the -s flag for compatibility with other systems. Bugs in &man.vi.1; utility have been fixed. They include handling of ^@ and ^C in insert mode when reading an ex command. The &man.watchdogd.8; program now set MADV_PROTECT memory flag onto themselves to protect from being terminated by the &os; kernel when available memory becomes short. This kind of process termination happens in a swap-intensive workload. The set sharenfs command in the &man.zfs.8; utility now supports sec option. A periodic script for zfs scrub has been added. For more details, see &man.periodic.conf.5; manual page. A periodic script which can be used to find installed ports' files with mismatched checksum has been added. For more details, see &man.periodic.conf.5; The ACPI-CA has been updated to 20101013. The &man.ee.1; program has been updated to version 1.5.2. ISC BIND has been updated to version 9.6-ESV-R4. netcat has been updated to version 4.8. OpenSSL has been updated to version 0.9.8q. The timezone database has been updated to the tzdata2010o release. xz has been updated from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0 release The &man.pkg.create.1; utility now supports xz compression. Note that the default is still bzip2. The &man.sysinstall.8; utility now uses the following numbers for default and minimum partition sizes: 1GB for /, 4GB for /var, and 1GB for /tmp. The &man.sysinstall.8; utility now attempts to enable &man.getty.8; on a serial port when no VGA card on the system. The supported version of the GNOME desktop environment (x11/gnome2) has been updated to 2.32.1. The supported version of the KDE desktop environment (x11/kde4) has been updated to 4.5.5. Upgrades between RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as unmodified GENERIC kernel distributed as a part of an official &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that the host being upgraded has Internet connectivity. An older form of binary upgrade is supported through the Upgrade option from the main &man.sysinstall.8; menu on CDROM distribution media. This type of binary upgrade may be useful on non-&arch.i386;, non-&arch.amd64; machines or on systems with no Internet connectivity. Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os; base system from source code) from previous versions are supported, according to the instructions in /usr/src/UPDATING. Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after backing up all data and configuration files.