#!/bin/sh # This writes a skeleton driver and puts it into the kernel tree for you. # It also adds FOO and files.FOO configuration files so you can compile # a kernel with your FOO driver linked in. # To do so: # cd /usr/src; make buildkernel KERNCONF=FOO # # More interestingly, it creates a modules/foo directory # which it populates, to allow you to compile a FOO module # which can be linked with your presently running kernel (if you feel brave). # To do so: # cd /sys/modules/foo; make depend; make; make install; kldload foo # # arg1 to this script is expected to be lowercase "foo" # arg2 path to the kernel sources, "/sys" if omitted # # Trust me, RUN THIS SCRIPT :) # # TODO: # o generate foo_isa.c, foo_pci.c, foo_pccard.c, foo_cardbus.c, and foovar.h # o Put pccard stuff in here. # # $FreeBSD$" # # if [ "X${1}" = "X" ]; then echo "Hey, how about some help here... give me a device name!" exit 1 fi if [ "X${2}" = "X" ]; then TOP=`cd /sys; pwd -P` echo "Using ${TOP} as the path to the kernel sources!" else TOP=${2} fi UPPER=`echo ${1} |tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]"` RCS_KEYWORD=FreeBSD if [ -d ${TOP}/modules/${1} ]; then echo "There appears to already be a module called ${1}" echo -n "Should it be overwritten? [Y]" read VAL if [ "-z" "$VAL" ]; then VAL=YES fi case ${VAL} in [yY]*) echo "Cleaning up from prior runs" rm -rf ${TOP}/dev/${1} rm -rf ${TOP}/modules/${1} rm ${TOP}/conf/files.${UPPER} rm ${TOP}/i386/conf/${UPPER} rm ${TOP}/sys/${1}io.h ;; *) exit 1 ;; esac fi echo "The following files will be created:" echo ${TOP}/modules/${1} echo ${TOP}/conf/files.${UPPER} echo ${TOP}/i386/conf/${UPPER} echo ${TOP}/dev/${1} echo ${TOP}/dev/${1}/${1}.c echo ${TOP}/sys/${1}io.h echo ${TOP}/modules/${1} echo ${TOP}/modules/${1}/Makefile mkdir ${TOP}/modules/${1} ####################################################################### ####################################################################### # # Create configuration information needed to create a kernel # containing this driver. # # Not really needed if we are going to do this as a module. ####################################################################### # First add the file to a local file list. ####################################################################### cat >${TOP}/conf/files.${UPPER} <${TOP}/i386/conf/${UPPER} <>${TOP}/i386/conf/${UPPER} <${TOP}/dev/${1}/${1}.c < __FBSDID("\$${RCS_KEYWORD}$"); #include #include #include /* cdevsw stuff */ #include /* SYSINIT stuff */ #include /* SYSINIT stuff */ #include /* malloc region definitions */ #include #include #include #include #include /* ${1} IOCTL definitions */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "isa_if.h" /* XXX These should be defined in terms of bus-space ops. */ #define ${UPPER}_INB(port) inb(port_start) #define ${UPPER}_OUTB(port, val) ( port_start, (val)) #define SOME_PORT 123 #define EXPECTED_VALUE 0x42 /* * The softc is automatically allocated by the parent bus using the * size specified in the driver_t declaration below. */ #define DEV2SOFTC(dev) ((struct ${1}_softc *) (dev)->si_drv1) #define DEVICE2SOFTC(dev) ((struct ${1}_softc *) device_get_softc(dev)) /* * Device specific misc defines. */ #define BUFFERSIZE 1024 #define NUMPORTS 4 #define MEMSIZE (4 * 1024) /* Imaginable h/w buffer size. */ /* * One of these per allocated device. */ struct ${1}_softc { bus_space_tag_t bt; bus_space_handle_t bh; int rid_ioport; int rid_memory; int rid_irq; int rid_drq; struct resource* res_ioport; /* Resource for port range. */ struct resource* res_memory; /* Resource for mem range. */ struct resource* res_irq; /* Resource for irq range. */ struct resource* res_drq; /* Resource for dma channel. */ device_t device; struct cdev *dev; void *intr_cookie; void *vaddr; /* Virtual address of mem resource. */ char buffer[BUFFERSIZE]; /* If we need to buffer something. */ }; /* Function prototypes (these should all be static). */ static int ${1}_deallocate_resources(device_t device); static int ${1}_allocate_resources(device_t device); static int ${1}_attach(device_t device, struct ${1}_softc *scp); static int ${1}_detach(device_t device, struct ${1}_softc *scp); static d_open_t ${1}open; static d_close_t ${1}close; static d_read_t ${1}read; static d_write_t ${1}write; static d_ioctl_t ${1}ioctl; static d_mmap_t ${1}mmap; static d_poll_t ${1}poll; static void ${1}intr(void *arg); static struct cdevsw ${1}_cdevsw = { .d_version = D_VERSION, .d_open = ${1}open, .d_close = ${1}close, .d_read = ${1}read, .d_write = ${1}write, .d_ioctl = ${1}ioctl, .d_poll = ${1}poll, .d_mmap = ${1}mmap, .d_name = "${1}", }; static devclass_t ${1}_devclass; /* ****************************************** * ISA Attachment structures and functions. ****************************************** */ static void ${1}_isa_identify (driver_t *, device_t); static int ${1}_isa_probe (device_t); static int ${1}_isa_attach (device_t); static int ${1}_isa_detach (device_t); static struct isa_pnp_id ${1}_ids[] = { {0x12345678, "ABCco Widget"}, {0xfedcba98, "shining moon Widget ripoff"}, {0, NULL} }; static device_method_t ${1}_methods[] = { DEVMETHOD(device_identify, ${1}_isa_identify), DEVMETHOD(device_probe, ${1}_isa_probe), DEVMETHOD(device_attach, ${1}_isa_attach), DEVMETHOD(device_detach, ${1}_isa_detach), DEVMETHOD_END }; static driver_t ${1}_isa_driver = { "${1}", ${1}_methods, sizeof (struct ${1}_softc) }; DRIVER_MODULE(${1}, isa, ${1}_isa_driver, ${1}_devclass, 0, 0); /* * Here list some port addresses we might expect our widget to appear at: * This list should only be used for cards that have some non-destructive * (to other cards) way of probing these address. Otherwise the driver * should not go looking for instances of itself, but instead rely on * the hints file. Strange failures for people with other cards might * result. */ static struct localhints { int ioport; int irq; int drq; int mem; } res[] = { { 0x210, 11, 2, 0xcd000}, { 0x310, 12, 3, 0xdd000}, { 0x320, 9, 6, 0xd4000}, {0,0,0,0} }; #define MAXHINTS 10 /* Just an arbitrary safety limit. */ /* * Called once when the driver is somehow connected with the bus, * (Either linked in and the bus is started, or loaded as a module). * * The aim of this routine in an ISA driver is to add child entries to * the parent bus so that it looks as if the devices were detected by * some pnp-like method, or at least mentioned in the hints. * * For NON-PNP "dumb" devices: * Add entries into the bus's list of likely devices, so that * our 'probe routine' will be called for them. * This is similar to what the 'hints' code achieves, except this is * loadable with the driver. * In the 'dumb' case we end up with more children than needed but * some (or all) of them will fail probe() and only waste a little memory. * * For NON-PNP "Smart" devices: * If the device has a NON-PNP way of being detected and setting/sensing * the card, then do that here and add a child for each set of * hardware found. * * For PNP devices: * If the device is always PNP capable then this function can be removed. * The ISA PNP system will have automatically added it to the system and * so your identify routine needn't do anything. * * If the device is mentioned in the 'hints' file then this * function can be removed. All devices mentioned in the hints * file get added as children for probing, whether or not the * driver is linked in. So even as a module it MAY still be there. * See isa/isahint.c for hints being added in. */ static void ${1}_isa_identify (driver_t *driver, device_t parent) { u_int32_t irq=0; u_int32_t ioport; device_t child; int i; /* * If we've already got ${UPPER} attached somehow, don't try again. * Maybe it was in the hints file. or it was loaded before. */ if (device_find_child(parent, "${1}", 0)) { printf("${UPPER}: already attached\n"); return; } /* XXX Look at dev/acpica/acpi_isa.c for use of ISA_ADD_CONFIG() macro. */ /* XXX What is ISA_SET_CONFIG_CALLBACK(parent, child, pnpbios_set_config, 0)? */ for (i = 0; i < MAXHINTS; i++) { ioport = res[i].ioport; irq = res[i].irq; if ((ioport == 0) && (irq == 0)) return; /* We've added all our local hints. */ child = BUS_ADD_CHILD(parent, ISA_ORDER_SPECULATIVE, "${1}", -1); bus_set_resource(child, SYS_RES_IOPORT, 0, ioport, NUMPORTS); bus_set_resource(child, SYS_RES_IRQ, 0, irq, 1); bus_set_resource(child, SYS_RES_DRQ, 0, res[i].drq, 1); bus_set_resource(child, SYS_RES_MEMORY, 0, res[i].mem, MEMSIZE); #if 0 /* * If we wanted to pretend PNP found it * we could do this, and put matching entries * in the PNP table, but I think it's probably too hacky. * As you see, some people have done it though. * Basically EISA (remember that?) would do this I think. */ isa_set_vendorid(child, PNP_EISAID("ESS1888")); isa_set_logicalid(child, PNP_EISAID("ESS1888")); #endif } #if 0 /* * Do some smart probing (e.g. like the lnc driver) * and add a child for each one found. */ #endif return; } /* * The ISA code calls this for each device it knows about, * whether via the PNP code or via the hints etc. * If the device nas no PNP capabilities, remove all the * PNP entries, but keep the call to ISA_PNP_PROBE() * As it will guard against accidentally recognising * foreign hardware. This is because we will be called to check against * ALL PNP hardware. */ static int ${1}_isa_probe (device_t device) { int error; device_t parent = device_get_parent(device); struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); u_long port_start, port_count; bzero(scp, sizeof(*scp)); scp->device = device; /* * Check this device for a PNP match in our table. * There are several possible outcomes. * error == 0 We match a PNP. * error == ENXIO, It is a PNP device but not in our table. * error == ENOENT, It is not a PNP device.. try heuristic probes. * -- logic from if_ed_isa.c, added info from isa/isa_if.m: * * If we had a list of devices that we could handle really well, * and a list which we could handle only basic functions, then * we would call this twice, once for each list, * and return a value of '-2' or something if we could * only handle basic functions. This would allow a specific * Widgetplus driver to make a better offer if it knows how to * do all the extended functions. (See non-pnp part for more info). */ error = ISA_PNP_PROBE(parent, device, ${1}_ids); switch (error) { case 0: /* * We found a PNP device. * Do nothing, as it's all done in attach(). */ break; case ENOENT: /* * Well it didn't show up in the PNP tables * so look directly at known ports (if we have any) * in case we are looking for an old pre-PNP card. * * Hopefully the 'identify' routine will have picked these * up for us first if they use some proprietary detection * method. * * The ports, irqs etc should come from a 'hints' section * which is read in by code in isa/isahint.c * and kern/subr_bus.c to create resource entries, * or have been added by the 'identify routine above. * Note that HINTS based resource requests have NO * SIZE for the memory or ports requests (just a base) * so we may need to 'correct' this before we * do any probing. */ /* * Find out the values of any resources we * need for our dumb probe. Also check we have enough ports * in the request. (could be hints based). * Should probably do the same for memory regions too. */ error = bus_get_resource(device, SYS_RES_IOPORT, 0, &port_start, &port_count); if (port_count != NUMPORTS) { bus_set_resource(device, SYS_RES_IOPORT, 0, port_start, NUMPORTS); } /* * Make a temporary resource reservation. * If we can't get the resources we need then * we need to abort. Possibly this indicates * the resources were used by another device * in which case the probe would have failed anyhow. */ if ((error = (${1}_allocate_resources(device)))) { error = ENXIO; goto errexit; } /* Dummy heuristic type probe. */ if (inb(port_start) != EXPECTED_VALUE) { /* * It isn't what we hoped, so quit looking for it. */ error = ENXIO; } else { u_long membase = bus_get_resource_start(device, SYS_RES_MEMORY, 0 /*rid*/); u_long memsize; /* * If we discover in some way that the device has * XXX bytes of memory window, we can override * or set the memory size in the child resource list. */ memsize = inb(port_start + 1) * 1024; /* for example */ error = bus_set_resource(device, SYS_RES_MEMORY, /*rid*/0, membase, memsize); /* * We found one, return non-positive numbers.. * Return -N if we can't handle it, but not well. * Return -2 if we would LIKE the device. * Return -1 if we want it a lot. * Return 0 if we MUST get the device. * This allows drivers to 'bid' for a device. */ device_set_desc(device, "ACME Widget model 1234"); error = -1; /* We want it but someone else may be even better. */ } /* * Unreserve the resources for now because * another driver may bid for device too. * If we lose the bid, but still hold the resources, we will * effectively have disabled the other driver from getting them * which will result in neither driver getting the device. * We will ask for them again in attach if we win. */ ${1}_deallocate_resources(device); break; case ENXIO: /* It was PNP but not ours, leave immediately. */ default: error = ENXIO; } errexit: return (error); } /* * Called if the probe succeeded and our bid won the device. * We can be destructive here as we know we have the device. * This is the first place we can be sure we have a softc structure. * You would do ISA specific attach things here, but generically there aren't * any (yay new-bus!). */ static int ${1}_isa_attach (device_t device) { int error; struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); error = ${1}_attach(device, scp); if (error) ${1}_isa_detach(device); return (error); } /* * Detach the driver (e.g. module unload), * call the bus independent version * and undo anything we did in the ISA attach routine. */ static int ${1}_isa_detach (device_t device) { int error; struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); error = ${1}_detach(device, scp); return (error); } /* *************************************** * PCI Attachment structures and code *************************************** */ static int ${1}_pci_probe(device_t); static int ${1}_pci_attach(device_t); static int ${1}_pci_detach(device_t); static device_method_t ${1}_pci_methods[] = { /* Device interface */ DEVMETHOD(device_probe, ${1}_pci_probe), DEVMETHOD(device_attach, ${1}_pci_attach), DEVMETHOD(device_detach, ${1}_pci_detach), { 0, 0 } }; static driver_t ${1}_pci_driver = { "${1}", ${1}_pci_methods, sizeof(struct ${1}_softc), }; DRIVER_MODULE(${1}, pci, ${1}_pci_driver, ${1}_devclass, 0, 0); /* * Cardbus is a pci bus plus extra, so use the pci driver unless special * things need to be done only in the cardbus case. */ DRIVER_MODULE(${1}, cardbus, ${1}_pci_driver, ${1}_devclass, 0, 0); static struct _pcsid { u_int32_t type; const char *desc; } pci_ids[] = { { 0x1234abcd, "ACME PCI Widgetplus" }, { 0x1243fedc, "Happy moon brand RIPOFFplus" }, { 0x00000000, NULL } }; /* * See if this card is specifically mentioned in our list of known devices. * Theoretically we might also put in a weak bid for some devices that * report themselves to be some generic type of device if we can handle * that generic type. (other PCI_XXX calls give that info). * This would allow a specific driver to over-ride us. * * See the comments in the ISA section regarding returning non-positive * values from probe routines. */ static int ${1}_pci_probe (device_t device) { u_int32_t type = pci_get_devid(device); struct _pcsid *ep =pci_ids; while (ep->type && ep->type != type) ++ep; if (ep->desc) { device_set_desc(device, ep->desc); return 0; /* If there might be a better driver, return -2 */ } else return ENXIO; } static int ${1}_pci_attach(device_t device) { int error; struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); error = ${1}_attach(device, scp); if (error) ${1}_pci_detach(device); return (error); } static int ${1}_pci_detach (device_t device) { int error; struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); error = ${1}_detach(device, scp); return (error); } /* **************************************** * Common Attachment sub-functions **************************************** */ static int ${1}_attach(device_t device, struct ${1}_softc * scp) { device_t parent = device_get_parent(device); int unit = device_get_unit(device); scp->dev = make_dev(&${1}_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_OPERATOR, 0600, "${1}%d", unit); scp->dev->si_drv1 = scp; if (${1}_allocate_resources(device)) goto errexit; scp->bt = rman_get_bustag(scp->res_ioport); scp->bh = rman_get_bushandle(scp->res_ioport); /* Register the interrupt handler. */ /* * The type should be one of: * INTR_TYPE_TTY * INTR_TYPE_BIO * INTR_TYPE_CAM * INTR_TYPE_NET * INTR_TYPE_MISC * This will probably change with SMPng. INTR_TYPE_FAST may be * OR'd into this type to mark the interrupt fast. However, fast * interrupts cannot be shared at all so special precautions are * necessary when coding fast interrupt routines. */ if (scp->res_irq) { /* Default to the tty mask for registration. */ /* XXX */ if (BUS_SETUP_INTR(parent, device, scp->res_irq, INTR_TYPE_TTY, ${1}intr, scp, &scp->intr_cookie) == 0) { /* Do something if successful. */ } else goto errexit; } /* * If we want to access the memory we will need * to know where it was mapped. * * Use of this function is discouraged, however. You should * be accessing the device with the bus_space API if at all * possible. */ scp->vaddr = rman_get_virtual(scp->res_memory); return 0; errexit: /* * Undo anything we may have done. */ ${1}_detach(device, scp); return (ENXIO); } static int ${1}_detach(device_t device, struct ${1}_softc *scp) { device_t parent = device_get_parent(device); /* * At this point stick a strong piece of wood into the device * to make sure it is stopped safely. The alternative is to * simply REFUSE to detach if it's busy. What you do depends on * your specific situation. * * Sometimes the parent bus will detach you anyway, even if you * are busy. You must cope with that possibility. Your hardware * might even already be gone in the case of cardbus or pccard * devices. */ /* ZAP some register */ /* * Take our interrupt handler out of the list of handlers * that can handle this irq. */ if (scp->intr_cookie != NULL) { if (BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR(parent, device, scp->res_irq, scp->intr_cookie) != 0) printf("intr teardown failed.. continuing\n"); scp->intr_cookie = NULL; } /* * Deallocate any system resources we may have * allocated on behalf of this driver. */ scp->vaddr = NULL; return ${1}_deallocate_resources(device); } static int ${1}_allocate_resources(device_t device) { int error; struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); int size = 16; /* SIZE of port range used. */ scp->res_ioport = bus_alloc_resource(device, SYS_RES_IOPORT, &scp->rid_ioport, 0ul, ~0ul, size, RF_ACTIVE); if (scp->res_ioport == NULL) goto errexit; scp->res_irq = bus_alloc_resource(device, SYS_RES_IRQ, &scp->rid_irq, 0ul, ~0ul, 1, RF_SHAREABLE|RF_ACTIVE); if (scp->res_irq == NULL) goto errexit; scp->res_drq = bus_alloc_resource(device, SYS_RES_DRQ, &scp->rid_drq, 0ul, ~0ul, 1, RF_ACTIVE); if (scp->res_drq == NULL) goto errexit; scp->res_memory = bus_alloc_resource(device, SYS_RES_MEMORY, &scp->rid_memory, 0ul, ~0ul, MSIZE, RF_ACTIVE); if (scp->res_memory == NULL) goto errexit; return (0); errexit: error = ENXIO; /* Cleanup anything we may have assigned. */ ${1}_deallocate_resources(device); return (ENXIO); /* For want of a better idea. */ } static int ${1}_deallocate_resources(device_t device) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEVICE2SOFTC(device); if (scp->res_irq != 0) { bus_deactivate_resource(device, SYS_RES_IRQ, scp->rid_irq, scp->res_irq); bus_release_resource(device, SYS_RES_IRQ, scp->rid_irq, scp->res_irq); scp->res_irq = 0; } if (scp->res_ioport != 0) { bus_deactivate_resource(device, SYS_RES_IOPORT, scp->rid_ioport, scp->res_ioport); bus_release_resource(device, SYS_RES_IOPORT, scp->rid_ioport, scp->res_ioport); scp->res_ioport = 0; } if (scp->res_memory != 0) { bus_deactivate_resource(device, SYS_RES_MEMORY, scp->rid_memory, scp->res_memory); bus_release_resource(device, SYS_RES_MEMORY, scp->rid_memory, scp->res_memory); scp->res_memory = 0; } if (scp->res_drq != 0) { bus_deactivate_resource(device, SYS_RES_DRQ, scp->rid_drq, scp->res_drq); bus_release_resource(device, SYS_RES_DRQ, scp->rid_drq, scp->res_drq); scp->res_drq = 0; } if (scp->dev) destroy_dev(scp->dev); return (0); } static void ${1}intr(void *arg) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = (struct ${1}_softc *) arg; /* * Well we got an interrupt, now what? * * Make sure that the interrupt routine will always terminate, * even in the face of "bogus" data from the card. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ return; } static int ${1}ioctl (struct cdev *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, int flag, struct thread *td) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ switch (cmd) { case DHIOCRESET: /* Whatever resets it. */ #if 0 ${UPPER}_OUTB(SOME_PORT, 0xff); #endif break; default: return ENXIO; } return (0); } /* * You also need read, write, open, close routines. * This should get you started. */ static int ${1}open(struct cdev *dev, int oflags, int devtype, struct thread *td) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); /* * Do processing. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ return (0); } static int ${1}close(struct cdev *dev, int fflag, int devtype, struct thread *td) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); /* * Do processing. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ return (0); } static int ${1}read(struct cdev *dev, struct uio *uio, int ioflag) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); int toread; /* * Do processing. * Read from buffer. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ toread = (min(uio->uio_resid, sizeof(scp->buffer))); return(uiomove(scp->buffer, toread, uio)); } static int ${1}write(struct cdev *dev, struct uio *uio, int ioflag) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); int towrite; /* * Do processing. * Write to buffer. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ towrite = (min(uio->uio_resid, sizeof(scp->buffer))); return(uiomove(scp->buffer, towrite, uio)); } static int ${1}mmap(struct cdev *dev, vm_offset_t offset, vm_paddr_t *paddr, int nprot) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); /* * Given a byte offset into your device, return the PHYSICAL * page number that it would map to. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ #if 0 /* If we had a frame buffer or whatever... do this. */ if (offset > FRAMEBUFFERSIZE - PAGE_SIZE) return (-1); return i386_btop((FRAMEBASE + offset)); #else return (-1); #endif } static int ${1}poll(struct cdev *dev, int which, struct thread *td) { struct ${1}_softc *scp = DEV2SOFTC(dev); /* * Do processing. */ (void)scp; /* Delete this line after using scp. */ return (0); /* This is the wrong value I'm sure. */ } DONE cat >${TOP}/sys/${1}io.h < #endif #include /* * Define an ioctl here. */ #define DHIOCRESET _IO('D', 0) /* Reset the ${1} device. */ #endif DONE if [ ! -d ${TOP}/modules/${1} ]; then mkdir -p ${TOP}/modules/${1} fi cat >${TOP}/modules/${1}/Makefile < opt_inet.h .include DONE echo -n "Do you want to build the '${1}' module? [Y]" read VAL if [ "-z" "$VAL" ]; then VAL=YES fi case ${VAL} in [yY]*) (cd ${TOP}/modules/${1}; make depend; make ) ;; *) # exit ;; esac echo "" echo -n "Do you want to build the '${UPPER}' kernel? [Y]" read VAL if [ "-z" "$VAL" ]; then VAL=YES fi case ${VAL} in [yY]*) ( cd ${TOP}/i386/conf; \ config ${UPPER}; \ cd ${TOP}/i386/compile/${UPPER}; \ make depend; \ make; \ ) ;; *) # exit ;; esac #--------------end of script--------------- # # Edit to your taste... # #