1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 20120806: p13 FreeBSD-SA-12:05.bind
20 Fix named(8) DNSSEC validation Denial of Service.
22 20120618: p12 FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret
23 Correct patch for FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret.
25 20120612: p11 FreeBSD-SA-12:03.bind
26 FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret
27 FreeBSD-EN-12:02.ipv6refcount
28 Fix a problem where zero-length RDATA fields can cause named to crash.
31 Correct a privilege escalation when returning from kernel if
32 running FreeBSD/amd64 on non-AMD processors. [12:04]
34 Fix reference count errors in IPv6 code. [EN-12:02]
36 20120530: p10 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl (revised),
37 FreeBSD-SA-12:02.crypt
38 Update the previous openssl fix. [12:01]
40 Fix a bug in crypt(3) ignoring characters of a passphrase. [12:02]
42 20120503: p9 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl
43 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities.
45 20120104: p8 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
46 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
47 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
49 20111223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
50 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
52 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
55 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
56 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
58 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
60 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
63 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
65 20111004: p6 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
66 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
67 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
69 20110928: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
70 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
72 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
74 20110528: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
75 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
78 20110420: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
79 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
81 20101129: p2 FreeBSD-SA-10:10.openssl
82 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities.
84 20100920: p1 FreeBSD-SA-10:08.bzip2
85 Fix an integer overflow in RLE length parsing when decompressing
91 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
92 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
93 to an mbuf external buffer.
96 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
97 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
98 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
99 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
100 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
101 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
102 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
103 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
107 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
108 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
109 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
110 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
111 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
113 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
114 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
115 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
117 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
120 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
121 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
122 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
123 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
126 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
127 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
128 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
129 be modified accordingly.
132 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
133 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
134 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
140 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
141 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
144 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
145 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
148 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
149 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
150 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
157 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
158 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
159 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
162 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
163 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
164 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
167 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
168 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
169 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
170 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
171 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
174 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
175 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
176 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
177 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
178 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
181 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
182 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
183 configurations may need to be adjusted.
186 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
187 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
188 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
189 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
192 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
193 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
194 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
195 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
198 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
199 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
200 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
201 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
204 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
205 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
206 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
209 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
210 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
211 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
212 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
213 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
214 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
215 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
216 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
217 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
219 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
220 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
221 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
222 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
223 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
226 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
227 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
228 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
229 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
230 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
233 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
234 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
238 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
242 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
243 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
247 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
248 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
251 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
252 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
256 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
257 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
259 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
262 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
266 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
270 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
272 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
275 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
276 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
277 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
278 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
279 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
280 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
283 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
284 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
287 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
289 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
292 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
293 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
294 data to /etc/localtime.
297 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
298 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
301 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
302 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
303 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
304 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
305 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
306 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
309 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
310 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
311 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
312 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
313 correctly checking networking state from userland.
314 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
317 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
318 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
319 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
320 follows the IPv4 implementation.
322 For kernel developers:
324 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
325 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
326 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
328 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
329 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
330 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
331 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
333 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
334 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
335 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
336 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
337 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
338 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
339 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
340 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
341 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
342 multicast membership on-link.
343 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
344 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
345 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
347 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
348 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
350 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
351 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
354 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
355 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
356 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
357 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
359 For application developers:
361 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
364 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
365 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
367 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
368 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
369 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
370 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
372 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
373 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
374 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
375 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
376 Multicast Source Filters'.
378 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
380 For systems administrators:
382 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
383 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
384 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
385 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
386 returned by getifaddrs(3).
388 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
389 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
391 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
392 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
393 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
394 recommended for optimal system performance.
396 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
397 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
398 back forwarded datagrams.
400 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
403 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
404 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
407 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
408 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
409 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
410 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
413 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
414 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
415 state will require a world rebuild.
416 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
419 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
420 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
421 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
424 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
425 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
426 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
427 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
429 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
432 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
433 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
434 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
435 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
436 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
437 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
438 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
439 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
442 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
443 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
444 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
447 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
448 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
449 introduces some changes:
451 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
452 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
453 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
455 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
456 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
457 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
458 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
460 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
461 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
462 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
465 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
468 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
469 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
473 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
474 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
475 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
476 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
477 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
480 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
481 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
482 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
483 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
487 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
488 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
489 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
490 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
493 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
494 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
497 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
498 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
500 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
501 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
502 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
504 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
505 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
506 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
507 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
508 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
509 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
510 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
511 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
513 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
514 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
515 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
516 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
517 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
518 to preserve the existing behaviour.
520 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
521 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
522 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
523 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
524 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
526 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
527 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
528 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
531 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
532 recompiled to reflect this.
533 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
536 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
537 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
538 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
539 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
540 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
541 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
544 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
545 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
546 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
547 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
548 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
549 raised to allow such segments to be created.
552 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
553 network device driver modules.
556 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
557 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
560 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
561 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
562 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
563 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
564 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
568 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
569 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
570 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
574 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
575 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
577 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
578 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
579 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
582 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
583 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
584 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
585 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
586 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
587 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
589 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
590 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
592 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
593 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
596 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
597 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
598 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
601 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
602 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
603 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
604 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
608 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
609 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
612 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
613 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
614 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
615 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
616 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
617 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
620 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
621 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
622 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
623 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
626 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
627 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
628 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
629 in next mpd5.3 release.
632 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
633 the base system (it was a port).
636 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
637 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
640 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
641 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
642 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
643 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
644 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
645 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
646 none of the L2 information.
649 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
650 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
652 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
654 to their kernel config files when specifying:
658 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
659 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
660 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
661 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
664 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
665 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
666 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
667 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
668 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
672 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
673 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
674 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
675 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
678 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
681 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
682 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
683 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
684 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
685 controller add the following to loader.conf:
691 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
692 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
696 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
697 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
698 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
699 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
700 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
701 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
702 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
705 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
706 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
707 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
708 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
709 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
712 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
718 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
720 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
721 cause compilation to fail.
724 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
727 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
729 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
730 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
731 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
732 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
733 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
734 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
735 accepting the RSA key.
737 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
738 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
741 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
742 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
743 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
747 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
748 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
749 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
751 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
752 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
753 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
754 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
755 use the new device names.
757 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
758 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
759 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
760 at the loader prompt:
762 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
763 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
764 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
765 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
769 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
773 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
774 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
775 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
776 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
779 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
780 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
783 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
784 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
785 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
786 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
787 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
790 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
791 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
792 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
793 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
795 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
798 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
799 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
800 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
801 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
803 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
804 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
805 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
808 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
809 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
810 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
811 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
812 other operation levels.
815 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
816 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
817 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
818 compatibility with any prior release:
820 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
821 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
822 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
825 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
826 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
827 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
828 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
829 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
833 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
834 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
835 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
836 with older hardware easier to do.
839 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
840 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
843 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
844 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
845 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
849 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
853 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
854 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
855 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
856 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
857 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
858 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
859 third-party software might fail to build after this change
860 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
861 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
862 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
863 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
864 case that a portable fix is impossible.
867 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
868 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
869 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
872 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
873 functionality is the default now.
876 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
877 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
878 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
879 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
880 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
882 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
883 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
884 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
887 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
888 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
889 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
890 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
891 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
892 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
893 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
894 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
895 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
896 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
900 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
901 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
903 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
904 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
905 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
911 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
912 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
915 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
916 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
917 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
918 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
919 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
922 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
923 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
924 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
925 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
929 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
930 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
931 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
934 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
935 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
936 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
939 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
940 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
941 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
942 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
943 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
946 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
947 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
948 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
949 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
950 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
951 will change after some settling time.
954 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
955 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
959 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
960 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
964 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
965 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
966 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
967 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
970 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
971 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
972 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
973 the IPv4 network stack.
975 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
976 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
977 has now been removed.
979 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
980 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
981 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
982 updated to reflect this.
984 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
985 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
989 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
990 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
991 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
992 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
993 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
994 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
995 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
996 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
997 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
998 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1002 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1003 function and starts providing an account management function.
1004 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1005 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1006 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1008 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1010 and change it according to this example:
1012 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1014 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1015 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1016 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1017 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1020 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1021 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1022 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1023 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1026 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1027 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1028 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1029 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1030 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1031 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1035 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1036 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1037 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1038 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1039 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1040 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1041 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1043 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1044 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1045 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1048 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1049 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1050 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1051 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1054 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1055 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1058 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1059 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1060 base operating system should be recompiled.
1063 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1064 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1065 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1066 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1067 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1070 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1071 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1072 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1073 deprecated in previous releases.
1074 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1075 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1078 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1079 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1080 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1081 sync. For more info:
1082 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1085 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1086 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1087 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1088 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1091 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1092 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1093 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1094 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1095 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1096 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1097 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1098 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1099 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1102 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1103 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1104 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1105 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1106 ip_mroute.ko module.
1109 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1110 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1111 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1113 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1114 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1115 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1118 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1119 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1120 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1121 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1122 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1126 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1127 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1128 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1129 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1130 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1133 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1134 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1135 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1136 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1139 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1140 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1141 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1142 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1146 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1147 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1148 with exceptions of followings:
1149 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1150 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1151 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1152 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1153 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1154 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1155 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1156 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1159 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1160 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1161 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1162 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1163 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1164 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1166 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1168 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1169 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1170 the array the same way you built it originally.
1173 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1174 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1175 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1176 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1177 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1178 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1179 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1182 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1183 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1184 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1185 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1186 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1189 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1190 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1191 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1192 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1193 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1196 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1197 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1198 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1199 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1200 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1201 added to 'struct proc'.
1204 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1207 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1208 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1209 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1210 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1211 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1214 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1217 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1218 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1219 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1222 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1225 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1226 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1227 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1230 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1231 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1232 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1233 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1234 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1237 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1238 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1239 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1240 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1243 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1244 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1248 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1249 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1250 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1251 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1252 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1255 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1256 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1257 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1258 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1259 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1260 `make installworld' with:
1262 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1264 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1265 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1266 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1267 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1270 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1271 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1272 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1273 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1277 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1278 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1279 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1280 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1281 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1282 implements the interface to support it.
1285 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1286 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1287 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1288 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1292 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1293 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1294 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1295 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1296 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1297 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1298 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1299 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1300 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1302 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1305 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1306 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1309 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1310 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1311 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1312 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1316 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1317 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1318 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1321 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1322 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1325 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1326 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1327 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1328 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1329 on your next install.
1330 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1331 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1332 to your /etc/make.conf.
1335 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1336 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1337 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1340 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1341 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1342 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1345 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1346 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1349 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1350 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1351 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1352 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1355 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1356 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1357 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1360 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1361 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1362 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1366 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1367 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1368 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1369 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1370 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1371 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1372 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1373 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1376 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1377 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1378 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1381 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1382 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1385 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1386 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1389 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1390 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1391 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1394 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1395 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1396 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1397 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1398 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1399 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1403 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1404 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1407 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1408 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1411 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1412 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1413 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1414 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1418 RELENG_6 branched here.
1421 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1422 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1423 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1424 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1425 removable_interfaces.
1428 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1429 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1430 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1431 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1432 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1433 affect existing configurations.
1436 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1437 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1438 updated to the new APIs.
1441 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1442 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1443 will not behave correctly.
1445 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1446 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1447 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1450 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1451 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1452 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1453 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1454 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1456 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1457 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1461 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1462 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1465 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1466 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1467 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1468 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1469 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1470 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1471 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1474 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1475 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1476 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1477 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1480 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1481 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1482 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1485 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1486 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1487 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1491 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1492 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1493 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1494 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1497 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1498 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1499 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1500 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1501 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1502 none at this point.)
1505 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1506 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1509 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1510 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1511 with the new kernel.
1514 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1515 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1516 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1519 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1520 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1521 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1522 if you have updated the kernel.
1524 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1525 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1526 mounting the new volume.
1529 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1530 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1531 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1532 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1535 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1536 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1539 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1540 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1541 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1542 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1543 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1544 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1547 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1548 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1549 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1550 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1551 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1554 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1555 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1556 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1557 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1558 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1559 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1560 and wlan_xauth as required.
1563 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1564 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1565 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1566 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1570 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1571 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1572 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1573 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1574 the module when a wep key is configured).
1577 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1578 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1579 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1582 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1583 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1586 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1587 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1588 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1589 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1590 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1591 their /etc/rc scripts.
1594 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1597 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1598 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1599 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1602 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1603 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1604 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1607 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1608 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1614 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1615 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1616 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1617 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1618 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1619 on the -current branch).
1621 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1622 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1623 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1624 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1625 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1626 page for more details.
1628 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1629 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1630 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1631 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1632 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1637 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1638 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1639 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1641 make kernel-toolchain
1642 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1643 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1645 To test a kernel once
1646 ---------------------
1647 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1648 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1649 debugging information) run
1650 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1651 nextboot -k testkernel
1653 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1654 --------------------------------------------------------------
1655 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1656 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1657 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1659 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1660 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1661 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1666 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1668 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1669 -----------------------------------------------------------
1670 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1671 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1673 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1675 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1677 <reboot in single user> [3]
1685 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1686 --------------------------------------------------
1687 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1688 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1689 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1692 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1695 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1696 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1697 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1698 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1699 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1700 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1701 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1702 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1703 <reboot into current>
1704 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1705 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1709 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1710 ----------------------------------------------
1711 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1713 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1715 <reboot in single user> [3]
1722 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1723 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1724 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1725 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1726 the UPDATING entries.
1728 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1729 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1730 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1731 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1732 much fewer pitfalls.
1734 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1735 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1738 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1743 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1744 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1745 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1747 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1748 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1749 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1750 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1751 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1752 for potential gotchas.
1754 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1755 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1756 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1757 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1758 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1759 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1761 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1762 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1763 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1764 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1765 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1767 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1768 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1770 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1771 cvs prune empty directories.
1773 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1774 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1775 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1777 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1778 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1779 warn if it is improperly defined.
1782 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1783 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1784 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1785 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1787 Copyright information:
1789 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1791 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1792 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1793 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1795 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1796 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1797 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1798 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1799 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1800 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1801 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1802 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1803 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1804 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1805 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1807 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1810 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of