1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20101129: p2 FreeBSD-SA-10:10.openssl
19 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities.
21 20100920: p1 FreeBSD-SA-10:08.bzip2
22 Fix an integer overflow in RLE length parsing when decompressing
28 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
29 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
30 to an mbuf external buffer.
33 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
34 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
35 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
36 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
37 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
38 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
39 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
40 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
44 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
45 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
46 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
47 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
48 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
50 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
51 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
52 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
54 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
57 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
58 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
59 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
60 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
63 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
64 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
65 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
66 be modified accordingly.
69 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
70 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
71 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
77 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
78 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
81 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
82 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
85 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
86 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
87 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
94 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
95 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
96 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
99 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
100 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
101 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
104 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
105 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
106 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
107 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
108 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
111 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
112 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
113 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
114 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
115 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
118 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
119 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
120 configurations may need to be adjusted.
123 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
124 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
125 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
126 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
129 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
130 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
131 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
132 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
135 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
136 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
137 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
138 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
141 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
142 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
143 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
146 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
147 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
148 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
149 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
150 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
151 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
152 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
153 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
154 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
156 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
157 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
158 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
159 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
160 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
163 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
164 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
165 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
166 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
167 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
170 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
171 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
175 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
179 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
180 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
181 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
184 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
185 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
188 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
189 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
193 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
194 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
196 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
199 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
203 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
204 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
207 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
209 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
212 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
213 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
214 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
215 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
216 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
217 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
220 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
221 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
224 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
226 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
229 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
230 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
231 data to /etc/localtime.
234 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
235 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
238 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
239 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
240 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
241 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
242 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
243 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
246 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
247 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
248 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
249 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
250 correctly checking networking state from userland.
251 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
254 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
255 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
256 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
257 follows the IPv4 implementation.
259 For kernel developers:
261 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
262 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
263 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
265 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
266 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
267 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
268 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
270 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
271 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
272 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
273 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
274 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
275 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
276 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
277 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
278 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
279 multicast membership on-link.
280 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
281 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
282 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
284 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
285 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
287 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
288 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
291 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
292 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
293 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
294 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
296 For application developers:
298 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
301 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
302 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
304 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
305 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
306 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
307 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
309 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
310 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
311 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
312 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
313 Multicast Source Filters'.
315 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
317 For systems administrators:
319 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
320 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
321 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
322 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
323 returned by getifaddrs(3).
325 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
326 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
328 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
329 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
330 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
331 recommended for optimal system performance.
333 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
334 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
335 back forwarded datagrams.
337 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
340 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
341 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
344 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
345 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
346 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
347 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
350 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
351 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
352 state will require a world rebuild.
353 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
356 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
357 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
358 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
361 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
362 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
363 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
364 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
366 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
369 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
370 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
371 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
372 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
373 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
374 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
375 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
376 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
379 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
380 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
381 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
384 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
385 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
386 introduces some changes:
388 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
389 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
390 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
392 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
393 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
394 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
395 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
397 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
398 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
399 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
402 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
405 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
406 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
410 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
411 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
412 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
413 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
414 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
417 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
418 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
419 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
420 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
424 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
425 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
426 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
427 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
430 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
431 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
434 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
435 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
437 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
438 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
439 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
441 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
442 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
443 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
444 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
445 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
446 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
447 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
448 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
450 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
451 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
452 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
453 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
454 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
455 to preserve the existing behaviour.
457 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
458 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
459 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
460 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
461 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
463 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
464 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
465 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
468 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
469 recompiled to reflect this.
470 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
473 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
474 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
475 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
476 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
477 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
478 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
481 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
482 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
483 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
484 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
485 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
486 raised to allow such segments to be created.
489 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
490 network device driver modules.
493 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
494 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
497 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
498 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
499 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
500 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
501 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
505 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
506 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
507 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
511 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
512 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
514 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
515 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
516 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
519 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
520 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
521 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
522 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
523 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
524 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
526 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
527 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
529 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
530 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
533 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
534 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
535 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
538 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
539 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
540 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
541 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
545 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
546 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
549 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
550 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
551 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
552 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
553 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
554 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
557 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
558 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
559 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
560 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
563 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
564 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
565 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
566 in next mpd5.3 release.
569 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
570 the base system (it was a port).
573 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
574 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
577 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
578 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
579 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
580 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
581 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
582 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
583 none of the L2 information.
586 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
587 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
589 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
591 to their kernel config files when specifying:
595 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
596 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
597 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
598 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
601 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
602 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
603 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
604 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
605 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
609 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
610 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
611 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
612 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
615 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
618 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
619 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
620 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
621 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
622 controller add the following to loader.conf:
628 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
629 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
633 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
634 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
635 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
636 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
637 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
638 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
639 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
642 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
643 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
644 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
645 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
646 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
649 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
655 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
657 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
658 cause compilation to fail.
661 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
664 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
666 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
667 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
668 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
669 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
670 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
671 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
672 accepting the RSA key.
674 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
675 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
678 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
679 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
680 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
684 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
685 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
686 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
688 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
689 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
690 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
691 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
692 use the new device names.
694 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
695 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
696 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
697 at the loader prompt:
699 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
700 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
701 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
702 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
706 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
710 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
711 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
712 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
713 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
716 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
717 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
720 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
721 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
722 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
723 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
724 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
727 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
728 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
729 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
730 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
732 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
735 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
736 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
737 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
738 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
740 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
741 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
742 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
745 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
746 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
747 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
748 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
749 other operation levels.
752 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
753 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
754 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
755 compatibility with any prior release:
757 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
758 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
759 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
762 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
763 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
764 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
765 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
766 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
770 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
771 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
772 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
773 with older hardware easier to do.
776 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
777 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
780 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
781 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
782 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
786 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
790 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
791 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
792 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
793 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
794 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
795 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
796 third-party software might fail to build after this change
797 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
798 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
799 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
800 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
801 case that a portable fix is impossible.
804 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
805 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
806 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
809 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
810 functionality is the default now.
813 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
814 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
815 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
816 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
817 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
819 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
820 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
821 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
824 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
825 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
826 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
827 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
828 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
829 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
830 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
831 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
832 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
833 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
837 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
838 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
840 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
841 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
842 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
848 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
849 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
852 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
853 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
854 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
855 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
856 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
859 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
860 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
861 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
862 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
866 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
867 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
868 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
871 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
872 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
873 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
876 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
877 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
878 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
879 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
880 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
883 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
884 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
885 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
886 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
887 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
888 will change after some settling time.
891 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
892 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
896 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
897 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
901 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
902 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
903 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
904 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
907 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
908 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
909 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
910 the IPv4 network stack.
912 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
913 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
914 has now been removed.
916 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
917 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
918 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
919 updated to reflect this.
921 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
922 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
926 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
927 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
928 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
929 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
930 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
931 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
932 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
933 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
934 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
935 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
939 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
940 function and starts providing an account management function.
941 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
942 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
943 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
945 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
947 and change it according to this example:
949 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
951 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
952 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
953 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
954 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
957 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
958 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
959 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
960 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
963 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
964 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
965 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
966 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
967 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
968 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
972 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
973 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
974 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
975 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
976 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
977 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
978 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
980 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
981 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
982 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
985 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
986 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
987 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
988 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
991 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
992 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
995 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
996 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
997 base operating system should be recompiled.
1000 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1001 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1002 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1003 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1004 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1007 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1008 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1009 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1010 deprecated in previous releases.
1011 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1012 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1015 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1016 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1017 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1018 sync. For more info:
1019 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1022 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1023 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1024 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1025 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1028 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1029 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1030 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1031 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1032 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1033 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1034 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1035 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1036 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1039 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1040 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1041 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1042 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1043 ip_mroute.ko module.
1046 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1047 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1048 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1050 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1051 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1052 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1055 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1056 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1057 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1058 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1059 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1063 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1064 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1065 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1066 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1067 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1070 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1071 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1072 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1073 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1076 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1077 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1078 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1079 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1083 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1084 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1085 with exceptions of followings:
1086 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1087 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1088 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1089 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1090 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1091 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1092 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1093 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1096 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1097 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1098 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1099 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1100 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1101 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1103 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1105 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1106 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1107 the array the same way you built it originally.
1110 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1111 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1112 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1113 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1114 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1115 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1116 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1119 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1120 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1121 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1122 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1123 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1126 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1127 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1128 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1129 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1130 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1133 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1134 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1135 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1136 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1137 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1138 added to 'struct proc'.
1141 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1144 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1145 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1146 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1147 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1148 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1151 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1154 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1155 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1156 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1159 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1162 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1163 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1164 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1167 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1168 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1169 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1170 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1171 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1174 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1175 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1176 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1177 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1180 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1181 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1185 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1186 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1187 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1188 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1189 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1192 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1193 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1194 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1195 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1196 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1197 `make installworld' with:
1199 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1201 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1202 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1203 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1204 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1207 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1208 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1209 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1210 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1214 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1215 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1216 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1217 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1218 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1219 implements the interface to support it.
1222 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1223 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1224 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1225 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1229 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1230 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1231 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1232 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1233 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1234 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1235 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1236 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1237 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1239 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1242 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1243 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1246 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1247 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1248 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1249 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1253 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1254 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1255 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1258 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1259 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1262 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1263 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1264 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1265 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1266 on your next install.
1267 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1268 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1269 to your /etc/make.conf.
1272 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1273 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1274 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1277 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1278 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1279 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1282 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1283 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1286 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1287 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1288 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1289 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1292 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1293 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1294 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1297 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1298 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1299 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1303 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1304 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1305 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1306 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1307 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1308 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1309 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1310 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1313 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1314 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1315 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1318 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1319 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1322 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1323 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1326 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1327 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1328 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1331 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1332 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1333 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1334 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1335 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1336 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1340 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1341 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1344 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1345 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1348 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1349 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1350 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1351 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1355 RELENG_6 branched here.
1358 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1359 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1360 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1361 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1362 removable_interfaces.
1365 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1366 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1367 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1368 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1369 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1370 affect existing configurations.
1373 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1374 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1375 updated to the new APIs.
1378 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1379 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1380 will not behave correctly.
1382 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1383 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1384 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1387 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1388 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1389 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1390 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1391 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1393 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1394 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1398 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1399 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1402 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1403 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1404 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1405 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1406 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1407 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1408 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1411 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1412 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1413 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1414 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1417 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1418 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1419 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1422 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1423 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1424 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1428 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1429 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1430 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1431 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1434 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1435 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1436 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1437 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1438 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1439 none at this point.)
1442 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1443 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1446 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1447 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1448 with the new kernel.
1451 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1452 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1453 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1456 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1457 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1458 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1459 if you have updated the kernel.
1461 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1462 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1463 mounting the new volume.
1466 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1467 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1468 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1469 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1472 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1473 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1476 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1477 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1478 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1479 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1480 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1481 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1484 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1485 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1486 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1487 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1488 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1491 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1492 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1493 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1494 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1495 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1496 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1497 and wlan_xauth as required.
1500 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1501 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1502 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1503 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1507 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1508 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1509 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1510 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1511 the module when a wep key is configured).
1514 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1515 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1516 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1519 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1520 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1523 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1524 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1525 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1526 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1527 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1528 their /etc/rc scripts.
1531 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1534 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1535 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1536 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1539 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1540 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1541 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1544 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1545 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1551 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1552 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1553 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1554 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1555 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1556 on the -current branch).
1558 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1559 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1560 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1561 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1562 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1563 page for more details.
1565 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1566 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1567 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1568 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1569 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1574 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1575 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1576 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1578 make kernel-toolchain
1579 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1580 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1582 To test a kernel once
1583 ---------------------
1584 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1585 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1586 debugging information) run
1587 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1588 nextboot -k testkernel
1590 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1591 --------------------------------------------------------------
1592 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1593 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1594 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1596 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1597 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1598 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1603 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1605 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1606 -----------------------------------------------------------
1607 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1608 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1610 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1612 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1614 <reboot in single user> [3]
1622 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1623 --------------------------------------------------
1624 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1625 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1626 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1629 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1632 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1633 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1634 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1635 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1636 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1637 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1638 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1639 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1640 <reboot into current>
1641 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1642 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1646 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1647 ----------------------------------------------
1648 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1650 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1652 <reboot in single user> [3]
1659 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1660 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1661 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1662 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1663 the UPDATING entries.
1665 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1666 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1667 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1668 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1669 much fewer pitfalls.
1671 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1672 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1675 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1680 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1681 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1682 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1684 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1685 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1686 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1687 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1688 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1689 for potential gotchas.
1691 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1692 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1693 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1694 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1695 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1696 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1698 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1699 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1700 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1701 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1702 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1704 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1705 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1707 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1708 cvs prune empty directories.
1710 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1711 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1712 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1714 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1715 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1716 warn if it is improperly defined.
1719 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1720 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1721 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1722 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1724 Copyright information:
1726 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1728 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1729 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1730 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1732 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1733 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1734 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1735 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1736 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1737 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1738 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1739 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1740 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1741 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1742 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1744 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1747 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of