1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20120503: p9 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl
19 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities.
21 20120104: p8 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
22 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
23 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
25 20111223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
26 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
28 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
31 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
32 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
34 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
36 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
39 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
41 20111004: p6 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
42 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
43 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
45 20110928: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
46 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
48 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
50 20110528: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
51 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
54 20110420: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
55 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
57 20101129: p2 FreeBSD-SA-10:10.openssl
58 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities.
60 20100920: p1 FreeBSD-SA-10:08.bzip2
61 Fix an integer overflow in RLE length parsing when decompressing
67 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
68 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
69 to an mbuf external buffer.
72 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
73 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
74 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
75 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
76 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
77 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
78 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
79 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
83 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
84 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
85 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
86 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
87 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
89 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
90 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
91 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
93 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
96 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
97 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
98 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
99 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
102 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
103 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
104 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
105 be modified accordingly.
108 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
109 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
110 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
116 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
117 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
120 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
121 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
124 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
125 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
126 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
133 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
134 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
135 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
138 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
139 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
140 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
143 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
144 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
145 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
146 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
147 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
150 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
151 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
152 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
153 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
154 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
157 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
158 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
159 configurations may need to be adjusted.
162 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
163 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
164 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
165 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
168 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
169 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
170 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
171 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
174 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
175 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
176 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
177 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
180 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
181 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
182 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
185 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
186 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
187 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
188 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
189 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
190 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
191 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
192 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
193 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
195 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
196 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
197 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
198 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
199 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
202 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
203 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
204 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
205 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
206 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
209 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
210 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
214 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
218 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
219 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
223 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
224 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
227 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
228 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
232 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
233 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
235 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
238 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
242 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
243 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
246 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
248 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
251 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
252 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
253 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
254 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
255 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
259 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
260 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
263 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
265 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
268 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
269 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
270 data to /etc/localtime.
273 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
274 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
277 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
278 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
279 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
280 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
281 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
282 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
285 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
286 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
287 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
288 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
289 correctly checking networking state from userland.
290 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
293 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
294 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
295 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
296 follows the IPv4 implementation.
298 For kernel developers:
300 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
301 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
302 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
304 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
305 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
306 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
307 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
309 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
310 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
311 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
312 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
313 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
314 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
315 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
316 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
317 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
318 multicast membership on-link.
319 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
320 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
321 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
323 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
324 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
326 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
327 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
330 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
331 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
332 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
333 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
335 For application developers:
337 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
340 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
341 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
343 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
344 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
345 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
346 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
348 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
349 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
350 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
351 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
352 Multicast Source Filters'.
354 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
356 For systems administrators:
358 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
359 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
360 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
361 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
362 returned by getifaddrs(3).
364 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
365 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
367 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
368 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
369 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
370 recommended for optimal system performance.
372 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
373 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
374 back forwarded datagrams.
376 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
379 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
380 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
383 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
384 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
385 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
386 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
389 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
390 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
391 state will require a world rebuild.
392 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
395 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
396 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
397 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
400 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
401 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
402 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
403 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
405 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
408 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
409 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
410 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
411 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
412 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
413 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
414 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
415 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
418 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
419 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
420 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
423 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
424 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
425 introduces some changes:
427 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
428 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
429 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
431 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
432 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
433 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
434 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
436 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
437 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
438 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
441 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
444 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
445 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
449 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
450 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
451 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
452 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
453 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
456 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
457 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
458 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
459 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
463 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
464 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
465 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
466 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
469 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
470 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
473 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
474 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
476 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
477 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
478 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
480 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
481 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
482 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
483 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
484 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
485 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
486 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
487 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
489 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
490 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
491 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
492 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
493 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
494 to preserve the existing behaviour.
496 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
497 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
498 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
499 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
500 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
502 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
503 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
504 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
507 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
508 recompiled to reflect this.
509 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
512 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
513 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
514 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
515 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
516 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
517 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
520 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
521 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
522 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
523 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
524 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
525 raised to allow such segments to be created.
528 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
529 network device driver modules.
532 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
533 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
536 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
537 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
538 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
539 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
540 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
544 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
545 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
546 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
550 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
551 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
553 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
554 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
555 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
558 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
559 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
560 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
561 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
562 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
563 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
565 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
566 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
568 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
569 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
572 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
573 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
574 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
577 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
578 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
579 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
580 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
584 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
585 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
588 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
589 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
590 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
591 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
592 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
593 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
596 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
597 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
598 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
599 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
602 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
603 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
604 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
605 in next mpd5.3 release.
608 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
609 the base system (it was a port).
612 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
613 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
616 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
617 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
618 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
619 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
620 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
621 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
622 none of the L2 information.
625 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
626 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
628 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
630 to their kernel config files when specifying:
634 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
635 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
636 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
637 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
640 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
641 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
642 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
643 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
644 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
648 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
649 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
650 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
651 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
654 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
657 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
658 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
659 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
660 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
661 controller add the following to loader.conf:
667 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
668 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
672 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
673 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
674 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
675 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
676 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
677 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
678 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
681 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
682 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
683 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
684 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
685 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
688 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
694 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
696 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
697 cause compilation to fail.
700 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
703 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
705 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
706 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
707 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
708 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
709 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
710 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
711 accepting the RSA key.
713 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
714 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
717 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
718 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
719 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
723 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
724 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
725 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
727 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
728 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
729 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
730 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
731 use the new device names.
733 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
734 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
735 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
736 at the loader prompt:
738 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
739 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
740 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
741 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
745 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
749 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
750 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
751 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
752 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
755 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
756 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
759 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
760 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
761 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
762 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
763 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
766 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
767 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
768 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
769 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
771 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
774 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
775 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
776 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
777 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
779 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
780 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
781 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
784 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
785 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
786 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
787 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
788 other operation levels.
791 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
792 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
793 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
794 compatibility with any prior release:
796 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
797 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
798 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
801 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
802 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
803 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
804 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
805 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
809 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
810 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
811 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
812 with older hardware easier to do.
815 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
816 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
819 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
820 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
821 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
825 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
829 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
830 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
831 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
832 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
833 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
834 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
835 third-party software might fail to build after this change
836 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
837 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
838 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
839 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
840 case that a portable fix is impossible.
843 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
844 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
845 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
848 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
849 functionality is the default now.
852 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
853 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
854 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
855 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
856 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
858 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
859 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
860 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
863 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
864 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
865 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
866 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
867 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
868 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
869 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
870 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
871 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
872 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
876 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
877 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
879 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
880 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
881 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
887 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
888 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
891 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
892 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
893 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
894 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
895 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
898 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
899 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
900 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
901 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
905 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
906 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
907 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
910 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
911 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
912 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
915 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
916 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
917 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
918 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
919 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
922 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
923 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
924 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
925 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
926 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
927 will change after some settling time.
930 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
931 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
935 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
936 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
940 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
941 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
942 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
943 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
946 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
947 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
948 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
949 the IPv4 network stack.
951 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
952 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
953 has now been removed.
955 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
956 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
957 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
958 updated to reflect this.
960 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
961 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
965 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
966 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
967 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
968 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
969 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
970 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
971 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
972 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
973 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
974 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
978 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
979 function and starts providing an account management function.
980 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
981 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
982 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
984 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
986 and change it according to this example:
988 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
990 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
991 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
992 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
993 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
996 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
997 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
998 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
999 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1002 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1003 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1004 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1005 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1006 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1007 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1011 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1012 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1013 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1014 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1015 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1016 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1017 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1019 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1020 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1021 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1024 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1025 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1026 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1027 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1030 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1031 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1034 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1035 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1036 base operating system should be recompiled.
1039 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1040 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1041 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1042 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1043 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1046 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1047 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1048 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1049 deprecated in previous releases.
1050 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1051 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1054 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1055 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1056 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1057 sync. For more info:
1058 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1061 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1062 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1063 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1064 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1067 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1068 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1069 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1070 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1071 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1072 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1073 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1074 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1075 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1078 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1079 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1080 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1081 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1082 ip_mroute.ko module.
1085 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1086 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1087 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1089 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1090 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1091 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1094 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1095 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1096 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1097 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1098 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1102 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1103 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1104 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1105 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1106 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1109 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1110 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1111 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1112 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1115 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1116 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1117 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1118 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1122 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1123 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1124 with exceptions of followings:
1125 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1126 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1127 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1128 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1129 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1130 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1131 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1132 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1135 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1136 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1137 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1138 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1139 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1140 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1142 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1144 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1145 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1146 the array the same way you built it originally.
1149 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1150 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1151 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1152 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1153 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1154 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1155 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1158 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1159 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1160 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1161 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1162 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1165 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1166 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1167 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1168 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1169 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1172 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1173 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1174 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1175 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1176 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1177 added to 'struct proc'.
1180 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1183 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1184 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1185 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1186 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1187 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1190 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1193 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1194 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1195 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1198 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1201 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1202 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1203 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1206 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1207 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1208 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1209 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1210 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1213 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1214 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1215 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1216 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1219 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1220 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1224 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1225 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1226 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1227 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1228 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1231 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1232 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1233 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1234 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1235 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1236 `make installworld' with:
1238 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1240 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1241 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1242 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1243 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1246 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1247 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1248 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1249 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1253 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1254 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1255 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1256 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1257 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1258 implements the interface to support it.
1261 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1262 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1263 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1264 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1268 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1269 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1270 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1271 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1272 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1273 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1274 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1275 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1276 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1278 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1281 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1282 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1285 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1286 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1287 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1288 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1292 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1293 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1294 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1297 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1298 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1301 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1302 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1303 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1304 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1305 on your next install.
1306 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1307 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1308 to your /etc/make.conf.
1311 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1312 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1313 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1316 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1317 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1318 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1321 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1322 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1325 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1326 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1327 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1328 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1331 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1332 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1333 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1336 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1337 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1338 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1342 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1343 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1344 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1345 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1346 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1347 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1348 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1349 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1352 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1353 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1354 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1357 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1358 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1361 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1362 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1365 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1366 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1367 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1370 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1371 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1372 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1373 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1374 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1375 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1379 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1380 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1383 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1384 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1387 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1388 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1389 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1390 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1394 RELENG_6 branched here.
1397 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1398 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1399 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1400 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1401 removable_interfaces.
1404 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1405 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1406 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1407 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1408 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1409 affect existing configurations.
1412 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1413 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1414 updated to the new APIs.
1417 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1418 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1419 will not behave correctly.
1421 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1422 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1423 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1426 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1427 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1428 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1429 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1430 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1432 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1433 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1437 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1438 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1441 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1442 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1443 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1444 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1445 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1446 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1447 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1450 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1451 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1452 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1453 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1456 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1457 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1458 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1461 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1462 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1463 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1467 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1468 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1469 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1470 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1473 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1474 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1475 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1476 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1477 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1478 none at this point.)
1481 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1482 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1485 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1486 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1487 with the new kernel.
1490 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1491 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1492 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1495 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1496 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1497 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1498 if you have updated the kernel.
1500 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1501 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1502 mounting the new volume.
1505 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1506 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1507 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1508 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1511 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1512 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1515 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1516 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1517 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1518 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1519 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1520 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1523 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1524 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1525 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1526 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1527 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1530 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1531 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1532 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1533 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1534 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1535 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1536 and wlan_xauth as required.
1539 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1540 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1541 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1542 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1546 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1547 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1548 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1549 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1550 the module when a wep key is configured).
1553 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1554 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1555 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1558 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1559 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1562 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1563 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1564 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1565 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1566 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1567 their /etc/rc scripts.
1570 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1573 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1574 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1575 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1578 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1579 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1580 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1583 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1584 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1590 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1591 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1592 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1593 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1594 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1595 on the -current branch).
1597 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1598 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1599 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1600 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1601 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1602 page for more details.
1604 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1605 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1606 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1607 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1608 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1613 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1614 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1615 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1617 make kernel-toolchain
1618 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1619 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1621 To test a kernel once
1622 ---------------------
1623 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1624 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1625 debugging information) run
1626 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1627 nextboot -k testkernel
1629 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1630 --------------------------------------------------------------
1631 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1632 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1633 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1635 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1636 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1637 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1642 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1644 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1645 -----------------------------------------------------------
1646 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1647 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1649 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1651 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1653 <reboot in single user> [3]
1661 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1662 --------------------------------------------------
1663 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1664 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1665 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1668 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1671 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1672 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1673 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1674 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1675 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1676 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1677 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1678 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1679 <reboot into current>
1680 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1681 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1685 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1686 ----------------------------------------------
1687 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1689 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1691 <reboot in single user> [3]
1698 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1699 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1700 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1701 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1702 the UPDATING entries.
1704 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1705 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1706 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1707 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1708 much fewer pitfalls.
1710 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1711 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1714 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1719 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1720 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1721 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1723 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1724 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1725 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1726 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1727 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1728 for potential gotchas.
1730 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1731 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1732 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1733 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1734 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1735 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1737 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1738 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1739 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1740 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1741 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1743 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1744 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1746 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1747 cvs prune empty directories.
1749 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1750 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1751 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1753 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1754 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1755 warn if it is improperly defined.
1758 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1759 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1760 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1761 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1763 Copyright information:
1765 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1767 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1768 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1769 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1771 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1772 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1773 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1774 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1775 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1776 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1777 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1778 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1779 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1780 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1781 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1783 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1786 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of