1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
19 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
20 to an mbuf external buffer.
23 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
24 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
25 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
26 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
27 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
28 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
29 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
30 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
34 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
35 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
36 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
37 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
38 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
40 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
41 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
42 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
44 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
47 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
48 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
49 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
50 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
53 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
54 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
55 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
56 be modified accordingly.
59 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
60 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
61 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
64 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
65 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
68 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
69 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
72 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
73 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
74 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
81 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
82 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
83 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
86 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
87 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
88 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
91 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
92 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
93 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
94 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
95 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
98 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
99 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
100 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
101 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
102 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
105 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
106 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
107 configurations may need to be adjusted.
110 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
111 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
112 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
113 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
116 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
117 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
118 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
119 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
122 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
123 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
124 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
125 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
128 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
129 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
130 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
133 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
134 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
135 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
136 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
137 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
138 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
139 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
140 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
141 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
143 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
144 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
145 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
146 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
147 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
150 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
151 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
152 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
153 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
154 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
157 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
158 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
162 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
166 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
167 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
168 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
171 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
172 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
175 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
176 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
180 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
181 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
183 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
186 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
190 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
191 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
194 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
196 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
199 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
200 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
201 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
202 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
203 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
204 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
207 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
208 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
211 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
213 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
216 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
217 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
218 data to /etc/localtime.
221 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
222 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
225 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
226 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
227 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
228 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
229 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
230 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
233 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
234 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
235 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
236 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
237 correctly checking networking state from userland.
238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
241 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
242 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
243 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
244 follows the IPv4 implementation.
246 For kernel developers:
248 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
249 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
250 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
252 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
253 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
254 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
255 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
257 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
258 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
259 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
260 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
261 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
262 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
263 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
264 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
265 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
266 multicast membership on-link.
267 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
268 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
269 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
271 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
272 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
274 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
275 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
278 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
279 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
280 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
281 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
283 For application developers:
285 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
288 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
289 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
291 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
292 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
293 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
294 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
296 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
297 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
298 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
299 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
300 Multicast Source Filters'.
302 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
304 For systems administrators:
306 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
307 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
308 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
309 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
310 returned by getifaddrs(3).
312 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
313 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
315 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
316 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
317 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
318 recommended for optimal system performance.
320 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
321 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
322 back forwarded datagrams.
324 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
327 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
328 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
331 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
332 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
333 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
334 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
337 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
338 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
339 state will require a world rebuild.
340 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
343 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
344 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
345 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
348 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
349 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
350 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
351 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
353 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
356 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
357 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
358 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
359 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
360 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
361 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
362 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
363 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
366 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
367 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
368 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
371 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
372 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
373 introduces some changes:
375 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
376 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
377 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
379 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
380 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
381 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
382 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
384 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
385 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
386 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
389 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
392 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
393 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
397 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
398 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
399 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
400 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
401 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
404 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
405 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
406 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
407 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
411 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
412 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
413 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
414 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
417 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
418 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
421 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
422 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
424 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
425 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
426 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
428 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
429 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
430 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
431 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
432 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
433 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
434 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
435 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
437 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
438 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
439 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
440 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
441 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
442 to preserve the existing behaviour.
444 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
445 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
446 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
447 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
448 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
450 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
451 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
452 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
455 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
456 recompiled to reflect this.
457 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
460 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
461 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
462 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
463 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
464 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
465 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
468 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
469 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
470 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
471 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
472 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
473 raised to allow such segments to be created.
476 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
477 network device driver modules.
480 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
481 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
484 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
485 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
486 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
487 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
488 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
492 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
493 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
494 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
498 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
499 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
501 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
502 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
503 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
506 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
507 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
508 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
509 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
510 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
511 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
513 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
514 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
516 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
517 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
520 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
521 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
522 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
525 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
526 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
527 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
528 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
532 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
533 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
536 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
537 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
538 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
539 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
540 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
541 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
544 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
545 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
546 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
547 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
550 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
551 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
552 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
553 in next mpd5.3 release.
556 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
557 the base system (it was a port).
560 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
561 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
564 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
565 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
566 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
567 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
568 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
569 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
570 none of the L2 information.
573 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
574 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
576 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
578 to their kernel config files when specifying:
582 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
583 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
584 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
585 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
588 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
589 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
590 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
591 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
592 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
596 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
597 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
598 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
599 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
602 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
605 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
606 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
607 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
608 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
609 controller add the following to loader.conf:
615 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
616 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
620 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
621 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
622 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
623 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
624 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
625 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
626 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
629 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
630 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
631 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
632 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
633 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
636 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
642 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
644 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
645 cause compilation to fail.
648 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
651 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
653 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
654 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
655 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
656 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
657 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
658 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
659 accepting the RSA key.
661 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
662 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
665 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
666 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
667 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
671 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
672 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
673 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
675 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
676 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
677 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
678 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
679 use the new device names.
681 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
682 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
683 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
684 at the loader prompt:
686 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
687 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
688 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
689 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
693 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
697 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
698 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
699 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
700 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
703 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
704 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
707 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
708 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
709 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
710 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
711 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
714 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
715 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
716 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
717 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
719 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
722 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
723 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
724 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
725 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
727 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
728 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
729 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
732 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
733 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
734 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
735 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
736 other operation levels.
739 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
740 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
741 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
742 compatibility with any prior release:
744 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
745 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
746 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
749 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
750 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
751 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
752 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
753 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
757 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
758 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
759 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
760 with older hardware easier to do.
763 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
764 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
767 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
768 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
769 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
773 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
777 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
778 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
779 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
780 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
781 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
782 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
783 third-party software might fail to build after this change
784 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
785 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
786 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
787 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
788 case that a portable fix is impossible.
791 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
792 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
793 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
796 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
797 functionality is the default now.
800 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
801 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
802 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
803 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
804 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
806 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
807 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
808 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
811 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
812 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
813 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
814 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
815 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
816 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
817 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
818 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
819 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
820 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
824 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
825 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
827 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
828 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
829 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
835 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
836 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
839 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
840 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
841 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
842 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
843 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
846 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
847 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
848 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
849 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
853 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
854 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
855 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
858 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
859 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
860 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
863 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
864 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
865 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
866 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
867 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
870 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
871 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
872 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
873 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
874 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
875 will change after some settling time.
878 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
879 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
883 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
884 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
888 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
889 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
890 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
891 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
894 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
895 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
896 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
897 the IPv4 network stack.
899 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
900 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
901 has now been removed.
903 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
904 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
905 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
906 updated to reflect this.
908 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
909 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
913 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
914 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
915 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
916 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
917 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
918 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
919 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
920 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
921 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
922 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
926 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
927 function and starts providing an account management function.
928 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
929 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
930 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
932 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
934 and change it according to this example:
936 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
938 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
939 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
940 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
941 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
944 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
945 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
946 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
947 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
950 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
951 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
952 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
953 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
954 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
955 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
959 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
960 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
961 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
962 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
963 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
964 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
965 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
967 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
968 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
969 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
972 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
973 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
974 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
975 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
978 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
979 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
982 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
983 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
984 base operating system should be recompiled.
987 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
988 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
989 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
990 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
991 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
994 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
995 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
996 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
997 deprecated in previous releases.
998 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
999 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1002 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1003 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1004 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1005 sync. For more info:
1006 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1009 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1010 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1011 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1012 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1015 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1016 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1017 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1018 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1019 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1020 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1021 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1022 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1023 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1026 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1027 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1028 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1029 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1030 ip_mroute.ko module.
1033 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1034 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1035 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1037 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1038 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1039 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1042 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1043 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1044 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1045 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1046 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1050 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1051 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1052 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1053 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1054 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1057 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1058 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1059 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1060 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1063 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1064 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1065 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1066 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1070 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1071 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1072 with exceptions of followings:
1073 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1074 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1075 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1076 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1077 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1078 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1079 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1080 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1083 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1084 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1085 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1086 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1087 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1088 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1090 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1092 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1093 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1094 the array the same way you built it originally.
1097 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1098 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1099 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1100 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1101 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1102 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1103 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1106 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1107 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1108 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1109 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1110 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1113 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1114 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1115 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1116 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1117 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1120 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1121 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1122 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1123 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1124 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1125 added to 'struct proc'.
1128 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1131 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1132 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1133 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1134 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1135 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1138 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1141 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1142 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1143 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1146 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1149 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1150 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1151 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1154 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1155 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1156 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1157 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1158 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1161 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1162 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1163 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1164 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1167 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1168 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1172 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1173 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1174 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1175 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1176 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1179 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1180 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1181 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1182 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1183 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1184 `make installworld' with:
1186 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1188 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1189 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1190 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1191 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1194 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1195 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1196 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1197 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1201 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1202 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1203 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1204 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1205 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1206 implements the interface to support it.
1209 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1210 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1211 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1212 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1216 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1217 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1218 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1219 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1220 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1221 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1222 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1223 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1224 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1226 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1229 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1230 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1233 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1234 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1235 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1236 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1240 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1241 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1242 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1245 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1246 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1249 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1250 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1251 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1252 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1253 on your next install.
1254 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1255 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1256 to your /etc/make.conf.
1259 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1260 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1261 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1264 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1265 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1266 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1269 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1270 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1273 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1274 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1275 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1276 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1279 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1280 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1281 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1284 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1285 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1286 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1290 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1291 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1292 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1293 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1294 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1295 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1296 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1297 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1300 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1301 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1302 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1305 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1306 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1309 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1310 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1313 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1314 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1315 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1318 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1319 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1320 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1321 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1322 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1323 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1327 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1328 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1331 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1332 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1335 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1336 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1337 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1338 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1342 RELENG_6 branched here.
1345 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1346 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1347 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1348 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1349 removable_interfaces.
1352 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1353 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1354 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1355 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1356 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1357 affect existing configurations.
1360 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1361 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1362 updated to the new APIs.
1365 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1366 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1367 will not behave correctly.
1369 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1370 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1371 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1374 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1375 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1376 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1377 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1378 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1380 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1381 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1385 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1386 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1389 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1390 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1391 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1392 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1393 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1394 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1395 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1398 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1399 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1400 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1401 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1404 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1405 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1406 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1409 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1410 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1411 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1415 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1416 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1417 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1418 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1421 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1422 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1423 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1424 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1425 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1426 none at this point.)
1429 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1430 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1433 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1434 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1435 with the new kernel.
1438 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1439 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1440 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1443 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1444 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1445 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1446 if you have updated the kernel.
1448 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1449 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1450 mounting the new volume.
1453 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1454 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1455 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1456 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1459 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1460 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1463 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1464 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1465 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1466 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1467 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1468 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1471 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1472 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1473 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1474 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1475 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1478 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1479 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1480 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1481 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1482 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1483 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1484 and wlan_xauth as required.
1487 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1488 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1489 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1490 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1494 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1495 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1496 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1497 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1498 the module when a wep key is configured).
1501 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1502 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1503 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1506 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1507 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1510 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1511 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1512 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1513 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1514 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1515 their /etc/rc scripts.
1518 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1521 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1522 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1523 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1526 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1527 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1528 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1531 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1532 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1538 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1539 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1540 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1541 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1542 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1543 on the -current branch).
1545 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1546 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1547 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1548 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1549 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1550 page for more details.
1552 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1553 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1554 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1555 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1556 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1561 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1562 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1563 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1565 make kernel-toolchain
1566 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1567 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1569 To test a kernel once
1570 ---------------------
1571 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1572 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1573 debugging information) run
1574 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1575 nextboot -k testkernel
1577 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1578 --------------------------------------------------------------
1579 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1580 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1581 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1583 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1584 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1585 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1590 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1592 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1593 -----------------------------------------------------------
1594 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1595 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1597 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1599 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1601 <reboot in single user> [3]
1609 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1610 --------------------------------------------------
1611 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1612 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1613 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1616 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1619 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1620 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1621 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1622 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1623 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1624 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1625 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1626 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1627 <reboot into current>
1628 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1629 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1633 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1634 ----------------------------------------------
1635 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1637 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1639 <reboot in single user> [3]
1646 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1647 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1648 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1649 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1650 the UPDATING entries.
1652 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1653 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1654 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1655 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1656 much fewer pitfalls.
1658 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1659 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1662 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1667 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1668 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1669 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1671 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1672 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1673 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1674 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1675 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1676 for potential gotchas.
1678 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1679 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1680 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1681 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1682 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1683 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1685 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1686 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1687 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1688 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1689 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1691 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1692 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1694 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1695 cvs prune empty directories.
1697 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1698 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1699 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1701 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1702 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1703 warn if it is improperly defined.
1706 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1707 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1708 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1709 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1711 Copyright information:
1713 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1715 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1716 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1717 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1719 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1720 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1721 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1722 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1723 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1724 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1725 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1726 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1727 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1728 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1729 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1731 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1734 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of