1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
20 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
21 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
22 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
23 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
24 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
25 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
26 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
27 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 804501.
30 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
31 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
32 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
33 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
34 subdirectories must be reviewed.
37 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
38 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
41 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
42 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
44 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
45 first performs a full device level TRIM, which can take a significant
46 amount of time. Set the sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init to 0 to
47 disable this behaviour.
49 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
50 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
51 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
53 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
54 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
60 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
61 equivalent of `status' command.
62 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
63 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
64 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
67 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
70 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged. Please refer to
71 zpool-features(7) for more information.
73 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
74 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
77 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 8-STABLE.
78 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
79 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
80 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
81 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
82 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
83 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
84 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
85 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
88 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
89 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
90 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
91 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
93 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
94 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
98 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
99 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
100 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
101 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
102 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
106 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
107 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
108 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
114 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
115 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
118 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
119 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
122 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
123 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
126 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
127 This version does not depend on a python library and the
128 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
129 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
130 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
133 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
134 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
135 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
136 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
137 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
139 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
140 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
146 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
147 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
148 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
149 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
152 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
153 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
154 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
155 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
156 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
157 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
158 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
161 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
162 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
163 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
164 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
165 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
171 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
172 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
173 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
174 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
175 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
176 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
177 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
178 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
182 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
183 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
184 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
185 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
186 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
188 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
189 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
190 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
192 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
195 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
196 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
197 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
198 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
201 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
202 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
203 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
204 be modified accordingly.
207 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
208 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
209 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
215 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
216 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
219 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
220 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
223 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
224 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
225 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
232 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
233 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
234 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
237 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
238 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
239 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
242 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
243 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
244 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
245 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
246 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
249 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
250 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
251 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
252 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
253 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
256 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
257 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
258 configurations may need to be adjusted.
261 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
262 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
263 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
264 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
267 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
268 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
269 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
270 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
273 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
274 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
275 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
276 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
279 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
280 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
281 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
284 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
285 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
286 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
287 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
288 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
289 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
290 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
291 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
292 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
294 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
295 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
296 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
297 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
298 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
301 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
302 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
303 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
304 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
305 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
308 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
309 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
313 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
317 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
318 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
319 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
322 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
323 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
326 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
327 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
331 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
332 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
334 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
337 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
341 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
342 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
345 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
347 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
350 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
351 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
352 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
353 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
354 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
355 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
358 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
359 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
362 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
364 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
367 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
368 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
369 data to /etc/localtime.
372 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
373 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
376 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
377 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
378 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
379 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
380 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
381 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
384 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
385 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
386 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
387 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
388 correctly checking networking state from userland.
389 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
392 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
393 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
394 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
395 follows the IPv4 implementation.
397 For kernel developers:
399 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
400 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
401 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
403 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
404 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
405 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
406 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
408 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
409 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
410 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
411 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
412 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
413 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
414 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
415 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
416 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
417 multicast membership on-link.
418 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
419 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
420 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
422 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
423 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
425 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
426 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
429 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
430 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
431 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
432 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
434 For application developers:
436 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
439 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
440 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
442 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
443 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
444 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
445 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
447 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
448 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
449 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
450 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
451 Multicast Source Filters'.
453 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
455 For systems administrators:
457 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
458 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
459 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
460 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
461 returned by getifaddrs(3).
463 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
464 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
466 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
467 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
468 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
469 recommended for optimal system performance.
471 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
472 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
473 back forwarded datagrams.
475 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
478 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
479 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
482 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
483 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
484 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
485 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
488 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
489 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
490 state will require a world rebuild.
491 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
494 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
495 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
496 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
499 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
500 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
501 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
502 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
504 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
507 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
508 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
509 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
510 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
511 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
512 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
513 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
514 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
517 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
518 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
519 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
522 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
523 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
524 introduces some changes:
526 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
527 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
528 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
530 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
531 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
532 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
533 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
535 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
536 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
537 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
540 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
543 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
544 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
548 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
549 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
550 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
551 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
552 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
555 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
556 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
557 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
558 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
562 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
563 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
564 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
565 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
568 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
569 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
572 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
573 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
575 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
576 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
577 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
579 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
580 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
581 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
582 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
583 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
584 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
585 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
586 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
588 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
589 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
590 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
591 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
592 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
593 to preserve the existing behaviour.
595 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
596 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
597 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
598 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
599 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
601 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
602 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
603 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
606 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
607 recompiled to reflect this.
608 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
611 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
612 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
613 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
614 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
615 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
616 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
619 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
620 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
621 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
622 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
623 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
624 raised to allow such segments to be created.
627 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
628 network device driver modules.
631 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
632 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
635 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
636 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
637 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
638 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
639 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
643 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
644 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
645 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
649 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
650 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
652 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
653 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
654 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
657 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
658 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
659 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
660 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
661 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
662 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
664 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
665 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
667 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
668 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
671 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
672 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
673 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
676 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
677 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
678 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
679 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
683 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
684 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
687 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
688 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
689 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
690 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
691 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
692 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
695 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
696 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
697 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
698 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
701 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
702 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
703 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
704 in next mpd5.3 release.
707 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
708 the base system (it was a port).
711 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
712 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
715 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
716 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
717 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
718 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
719 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
720 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
721 none of the L2 information.
724 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
725 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
727 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
729 to their kernel config files when specifying:
733 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
734 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
735 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
736 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
739 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
740 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
741 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
742 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
743 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
747 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
748 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
749 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
750 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
753 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
756 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
757 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
758 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
759 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
760 controller add the following to loader.conf:
766 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
767 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
771 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
772 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
773 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
774 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
775 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
776 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
777 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
780 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
781 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
782 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
783 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
784 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
787 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
793 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
795 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
796 cause compilation to fail.
799 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
802 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
804 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
805 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
806 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
807 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
808 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
809 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
810 accepting the RSA key.
812 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
813 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
816 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
817 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
818 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
822 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
823 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
824 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
826 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
827 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
828 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
829 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
830 use the new device names.
832 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
833 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
834 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
835 at the loader prompt:
837 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
838 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
839 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
840 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
844 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
848 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
849 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
850 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
851 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
854 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
855 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
858 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
859 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
860 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
861 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
862 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
865 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
866 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
867 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
868 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
870 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
873 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
874 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
875 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
876 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
878 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
879 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
880 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
883 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
884 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
885 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
886 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
887 other operation levels.
890 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
891 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
892 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
893 compatibility with any prior release:
895 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
896 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
897 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
900 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
901 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
902 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
903 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
904 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
908 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
909 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
910 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
911 with older hardware easier to do.
914 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
915 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
918 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
919 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
920 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
924 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
928 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
929 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
930 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
931 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
932 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
933 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
934 third-party software might fail to build after this change
935 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
936 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
937 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
938 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
939 case that a portable fix is impossible.
942 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
943 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
944 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
947 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
948 functionality is the default now.
951 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
952 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
953 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
954 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
955 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
957 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
958 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
959 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
962 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
963 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
964 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
965 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
966 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
967 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
968 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
969 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
970 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
971 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
975 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
976 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
978 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
979 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
980 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
986 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
987 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
990 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
991 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
992 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
993 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
994 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
997 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
998 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
999 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
1000 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
1004 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
1005 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
1006 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
1009 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
1010 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
1011 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
1014 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
1015 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
1016 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
1017 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
1018 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
1021 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
1022 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
1023 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
1024 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
1025 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
1026 will change after some settling time.
1029 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
1030 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
1034 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
1035 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1039 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
1040 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
1041 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
1042 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
1045 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
1046 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
1047 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
1048 the IPv4 network stack.
1050 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
1051 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
1052 has now been removed.
1054 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
1055 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
1056 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
1057 updated to reflect this.
1059 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
1060 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
1064 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
1065 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
1066 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
1067 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1068 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1069 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1070 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1071 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1072 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1073 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1077 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1078 function and starts providing an account management function.
1079 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1080 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1081 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1083 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1085 and change it according to this example:
1087 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1089 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1090 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1091 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1092 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1095 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1096 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1097 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1098 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1101 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1102 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1103 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1104 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1105 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1106 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1110 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1111 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1112 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1113 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1114 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1115 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1116 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1118 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1119 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1120 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1123 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1124 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1125 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1126 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1129 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1130 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1133 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1134 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1135 base operating system should be recompiled.
1138 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1139 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1140 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1141 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1142 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1145 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1146 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1147 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1148 deprecated in previous releases.
1149 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1150 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1153 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1154 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1155 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1156 sync. For more info:
1157 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1160 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1161 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1162 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1163 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1166 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1167 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1168 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1169 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1170 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1171 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1172 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1173 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1174 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1177 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1178 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1179 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1180 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1181 ip_mroute.ko module.
1184 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1185 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1186 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1188 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1189 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1190 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1193 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1194 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1195 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1196 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1197 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1201 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1202 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1203 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1204 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1205 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1208 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1209 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1210 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1211 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1214 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1215 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1216 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1217 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1221 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1222 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1223 with exceptions of followings:
1224 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1225 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1226 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1227 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1228 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1229 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1230 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1231 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1234 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1235 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1236 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1237 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1238 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1239 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1241 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1243 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1244 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1245 the array the same way you built it originally.
1248 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1249 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1250 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1251 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1252 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1253 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1254 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1257 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1258 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1259 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1260 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1261 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1264 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1265 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1266 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1267 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1268 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1271 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1272 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1273 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1274 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1275 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1276 added to 'struct proc'.
1279 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1282 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1283 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1284 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1285 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1286 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1289 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1292 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1293 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1294 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1297 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1300 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1301 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1302 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1305 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1306 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1307 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1308 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1309 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1312 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1313 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1314 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1315 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1318 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1319 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1323 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1324 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1325 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1326 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1327 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1330 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1331 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1332 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1333 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1334 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1335 `make installworld' with:
1337 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1339 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1340 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1341 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1342 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1345 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1346 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1347 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1348 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1352 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1353 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1354 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1355 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1356 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1357 implements the interface to support it.
1360 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1361 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1362 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1363 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1367 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1368 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1369 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1370 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1371 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1372 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1373 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1374 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1375 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1377 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1380 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1381 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1384 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1385 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1386 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1387 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1391 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1392 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1393 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1396 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1397 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1400 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1401 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1402 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1403 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1404 on your next install.
1405 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1406 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1407 to your /etc/make.conf.
1410 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1411 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1412 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1415 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1416 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1417 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1420 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1421 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1424 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1425 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1426 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1427 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1430 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1431 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1432 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1435 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1436 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1437 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1441 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1442 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1443 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1444 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1445 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1446 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1447 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1448 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1451 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1452 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1453 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1456 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1457 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1460 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1461 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1464 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1465 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1466 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1469 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1470 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1471 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1472 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1473 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1474 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1478 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1479 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1482 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1483 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1486 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1487 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1488 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1489 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1493 RELENG_6 branched here.
1496 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1497 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1498 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1499 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1500 removable_interfaces.
1503 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1504 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1505 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1506 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1507 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1508 affect existing configurations.
1511 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1512 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1513 updated to the new APIs.
1516 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1517 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1518 will not behave correctly.
1520 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1521 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1522 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1525 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1526 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1527 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1528 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1529 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1531 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1532 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1536 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1537 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1540 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1541 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1542 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1543 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1544 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1545 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1546 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1549 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1550 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1551 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1552 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1555 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1556 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1557 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1560 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1561 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1562 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1566 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1567 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1568 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1569 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1572 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1573 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1574 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1575 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1576 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1577 none at this point.)
1580 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1581 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1584 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1585 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1586 with the new kernel.
1589 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1590 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1591 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1594 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1595 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1596 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1597 if you have updated the kernel.
1599 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1600 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1601 mounting the new volume.
1604 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1605 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1606 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1607 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1610 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1611 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1614 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1615 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1616 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1617 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1618 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1619 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1622 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1623 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1624 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1625 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1626 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1629 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1630 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1631 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1632 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1633 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1634 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1635 and wlan_xauth as required.
1638 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1639 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1640 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1641 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1645 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1646 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1647 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1648 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1649 the module when a wep key is configured).
1652 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1653 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1654 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1657 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1658 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1661 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1662 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1663 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1664 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1665 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1666 their /etc/rc scripts.
1669 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1672 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1673 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1674 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1677 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1678 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1679 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1682 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1683 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1689 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1690 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1691 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1692 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1693 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1694 on the -current branch).
1696 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1697 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1698 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1699 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1700 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1701 page for more details.
1703 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1704 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1705 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1706 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1707 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1712 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1715 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1716 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1718 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1720 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1721 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1722 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1724 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1728 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1729 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1730 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1732 make kernel-toolchain
1733 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1734 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1736 To test a kernel once
1737 ---------------------
1738 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1739 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1740 debugging information) run
1741 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1742 nextboot -k testkernel
1744 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1745 --------------------------------------------------------------
1746 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1747 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1748 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1750 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1751 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1752 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1757 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1759 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1760 -----------------------------------------------------------
1761 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1762 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1764 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1766 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1768 <reboot in single user> [3]
1776 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1777 --------------------------------------------------
1778 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1779 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1780 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1783 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1786 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1787 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1788 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1789 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1790 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1791 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1792 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1793 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1794 <reboot into current>
1795 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1796 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1800 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1801 ----------------------------------------------
1802 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1804 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1806 <reboot in single user> [3]
1813 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1814 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1815 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1816 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1817 the UPDATING entries.
1819 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1820 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1821 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1822 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1823 much fewer pitfalls.
1825 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1826 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1829 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1834 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1835 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1836 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1838 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1839 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1840 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1841 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1842 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1843 for potential gotchas.
1845 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1846 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1847 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1848 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1849 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1850 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1852 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1853 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1854 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1856 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1857 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1858 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1859 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1860 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1862 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1863 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1865 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1866 cvs prune empty directories.
1868 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1869 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1870 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1872 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1873 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1874 warn if it is improperly defined.
1877 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1878 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1879 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1880 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1881 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1883 Copyright information:
1885 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1887 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1888 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1889 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1891 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1892 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1893 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1894 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1895 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1896 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1897 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1898 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1899 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1900 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1901 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1903 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1906 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of