1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 8-STABLE.
20 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
21 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
22 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
23 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
24 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
25 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
26 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
27 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
30 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
31 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
32 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
33 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
35 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
36 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
40 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
41 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
42 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
43 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
44 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
48 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
49 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
50 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
56 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
57 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
60 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
61 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
64 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
65 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
68 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
69 This version does not depend on a python library and the
70 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
71 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
72 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
75 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
76 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
77 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
78 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
79 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
81 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
82 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
88 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
89 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
90 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
91 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
94 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
95 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
96 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
97 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
98 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
99 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
100 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
103 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
104 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
105 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
106 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
107 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
113 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
114 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
115 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
116 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
117 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
118 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
119 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
120 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
124 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
125 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
126 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
127 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
128 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
130 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
131 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
132 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
134 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
137 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
138 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
139 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
140 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
143 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
144 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
145 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
146 be modified accordingly.
149 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
150 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
151 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
157 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
158 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
161 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
162 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
165 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
166 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
167 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
174 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
175 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
176 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
179 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
180 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
181 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
184 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
185 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
186 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
187 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
188 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
191 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
192 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
193 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
194 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
195 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
198 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
199 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
200 configurations may need to be adjusted.
203 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
204 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
205 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
206 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
209 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
210 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
211 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
212 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
215 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
216 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
217 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
218 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
221 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
222 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
223 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
226 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
227 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
228 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
229 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
230 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
231 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
232 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
233 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
234 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
236 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
237 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
238 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
239 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
240 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
243 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
244 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
245 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
246 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
247 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
250 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
251 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
255 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
259 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
260 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
261 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
264 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
265 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
268 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
269 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
273 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
274 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
276 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
279 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
283 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
284 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
287 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
289 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
292 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
293 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
294 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
295 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
296 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
297 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
300 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
301 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
304 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
306 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
309 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
310 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
311 data to /etc/localtime.
314 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
315 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
318 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
319 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
320 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
321 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
322 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
323 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
326 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
327 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
328 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
329 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
330 correctly checking networking state from userland.
331 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
334 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
335 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
336 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
337 follows the IPv4 implementation.
339 For kernel developers:
341 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
342 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
343 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
345 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
346 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
347 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
348 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
350 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
351 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
352 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
353 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
354 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
355 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
356 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
357 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
358 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
359 multicast membership on-link.
360 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
361 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
362 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
364 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
365 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
367 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
368 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
371 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
372 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
373 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
374 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
376 For application developers:
378 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
381 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
382 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
384 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
385 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
386 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
387 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
389 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
390 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
391 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
392 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
393 Multicast Source Filters'.
395 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
397 For systems administrators:
399 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
400 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
401 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
402 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
403 returned by getifaddrs(3).
405 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
406 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
408 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
409 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
410 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
411 recommended for optimal system performance.
413 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
414 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
415 back forwarded datagrams.
417 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
420 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
421 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
424 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
425 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
426 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
427 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
430 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
431 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
432 state will require a world rebuild.
433 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
436 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
437 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
438 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
441 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
442 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
443 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
444 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
446 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
449 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
450 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
451 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
452 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
453 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
454 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
455 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
456 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
459 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
460 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
461 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
464 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
465 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
466 introduces some changes:
468 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
469 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
470 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
472 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
473 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
474 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
475 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
477 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
478 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
479 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
482 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
485 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
486 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
490 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
491 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
492 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
493 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
494 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
497 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
498 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
499 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
500 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
504 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
505 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
506 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
507 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
510 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
511 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
514 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
515 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
517 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
518 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
519 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
521 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
522 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
523 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
524 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
525 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
526 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
527 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
528 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
530 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
531 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
532 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
533 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
534 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
535 to preserve the existing behaviour.
537 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
538 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
539 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
540 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
541 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
543 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
544 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
545 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
548 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
549 recompiled to reflect this.
550 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
553 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
554 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
555 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
556 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
557 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
558 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
561 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
562 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
563 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
564 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
565 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
566 raised to allow such segments to be created.
569 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
570 network device driver modules.
573 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
574 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
577 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
578 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
579 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
580 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
581 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
585 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
586 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
587 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
591 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
592 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
594 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
595 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
596 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
599 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
600 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
601 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
602 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
603 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
604 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
606 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
607 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
609 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
610 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
613 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
614 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
615 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
618 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
619 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
620 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
621 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
625 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
626 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
629 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
630 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
631 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
632 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
633 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
634 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
637 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
638 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
639 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
640 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
643 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
644 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
645 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
646 in next mpd5.3 release.
649 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
650 the base system (it was a port).
653 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
654 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
657 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
658 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
659 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
660 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
661 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
662 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
663 none of the L2 information.
666 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
667 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
669 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
671 to their kernel config files when specifying:
675 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
676 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
677 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
678 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
681 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
682 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
683 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
684 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
685 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
689 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
690 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
691 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
692 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
695 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
698 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
699 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
700 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
701 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
702 controller add the following to loader.conf:
708 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
709 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
713 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
714 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
715 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
716 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
717 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
718 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
719 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
722 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
723 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
724 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
725 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
726 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
729 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
735 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
737 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
738 cause compilation to fail.
741 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
744 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
746 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
747 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
748 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
749 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
750 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
751 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
752 accepting the RSA key.
754 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
755 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
758 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
759 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
760 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
764 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
765 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
766 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
768 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
769 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
770 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
771 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
772 use the new device names.
774 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
775 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
776 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
777 at the loader prompt:
779 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
780 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
781 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
782 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
786 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
790 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
791 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
792 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
793 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
796 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
797 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
800 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
801 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
802 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
803 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
804 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
807 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
808 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
809 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
810 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
812 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
815 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
816 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
817 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
818 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
820 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
821 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
822 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
825 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
826 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
827 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
828 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
829 other operation levels.
832 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
833 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
834 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
835 compatibility with any prior release:
837 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
838 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
839 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
842 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
843 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
844 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
845 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
846 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
850 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
851 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
852 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
853 with older hardware easier to do.
856 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
857 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
860 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
861 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
862 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
866 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
870 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
871 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
872 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
873 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
874 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
875 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
876 third-party software might fail to build after this change
877 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
878 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
879 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
880 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
881 case that a portable fix is impossible.
884 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
885 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
886 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
889 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
890 functionality is the default now.
893 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
894 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
895 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
896 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
897 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
899 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
900 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
901 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
904 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
905 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
906 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
907 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
908 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
909 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
910 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
911 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
912 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
913 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
917 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
918 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
920 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
921 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
922 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
928 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
929 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
932 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
933 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
934 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
935 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
936 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
939 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
940 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
941 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
942 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
946 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
947 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
948 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
951 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
952 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
953 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
956 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
957 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
958 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
959 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
960 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
963 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
964 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
965 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
966 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
967 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
968 will change after some settling time.
971 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
972 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
976 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
977 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
981 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
982 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
983 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
984 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
987 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
988 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
989 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
990 the IPv4 network stack.
992 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
993 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
994 has now been removed.
996 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
997 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
998 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
999 updated to reflect this.
1001 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
1002 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
1006 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
1007 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
1008 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
1009 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1010 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1011 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1012 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1013 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1014 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1015 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1019 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1020 function and starts providing an account management function.
1021 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1022 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1023 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1025 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1027 and change it according to this example:
1029 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1031 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1032 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1033 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1034 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1037 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1038 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1039 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1040 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1043 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1044 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1045 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1046 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1047 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1048 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1052 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1053 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1054 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1055 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1056 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1057 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1058 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1060 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1061 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1062 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1065 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1066 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1067 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1068 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1071 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1072 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1075 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1076 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1077 base operating system should be recompiled.
1080 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1081 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1082 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1083 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1084 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1087 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1088 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1089 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1090 deprecated in previous releases.
1091 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1092 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1095 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1096 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1097 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1098 sync. For more info:
1099 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1102 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1103 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1104 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1105 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1108 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1109 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1110 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1111 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1112 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1113 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1114 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1115 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1116 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1119 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1120 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1121 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1122 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1123 ip_mroute.ko module.
1126 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1127 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1128 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1130 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1131 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1132 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1135 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1136 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1137 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1138 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1139 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1143 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1144 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1145 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1146 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1147 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1150 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1151 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1152 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1153 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1156 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1157 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1158 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1159 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1163 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1164 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1165 with exceptions of followings:
1166 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1167 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1168 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1169 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1170 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1171 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1172 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1173 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1176 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1177 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1178 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1179 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1180 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1181 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1183 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1185 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1186 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1187 the array the same way you built it originally.
1190 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1191 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1192 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1193 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1194 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1195 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1196 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1199 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1200 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1201 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1202 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1203 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1206 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1207 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1208 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1209 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1210 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1213 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1214 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1215 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1216 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1217 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1218 added to 'struct proc'.
1221 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1224 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1225 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1226 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1227 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1228 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1231 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1234 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1235 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1236 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1239 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1242 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1243 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1244 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1247 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1248 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1249 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1250 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1251 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1254 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1255 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1256 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1257 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1260 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1261 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1265 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1266 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1267 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1268 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1269 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1272 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1273 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1274 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1275 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1276 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1277 `make installworld' with:
1279 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1281 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1282 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1283 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1284 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1287 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1288 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1289 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1290 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1294 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1295 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1296 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1297 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1298 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1299 implements the interface to support it.
1302 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1303 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1304 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1305 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1309 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1310 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1311 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1312 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1313 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1314 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1315 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1316 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1317 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1319 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1322 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1323 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1326 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1327 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1328 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1329 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1333 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1334 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1335 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1338 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1339 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1342 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1343 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1344 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1345 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1346 on your next install.
1347 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1348 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1349 to your /etc/make.conf.
1352 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1353 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1354 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1357 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1358 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1359 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1362 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1363 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1366 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1367 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1368 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1369 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1372 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1373 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1374 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1377 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1378 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1379 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1383 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1384 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1385 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1386 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1387 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1388 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1389 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1390 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1393 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1394 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1395 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1398 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1399 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1402 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1403 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1406 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1407 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1408 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1411 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1412 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1413 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1414 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1415 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1416 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1420 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1421 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1424 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1425 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1428 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1429 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1430 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1431 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1435 RELENG_6 branched here.
1438 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1439 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1440 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1441 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1442 removable_interfaces.
1445 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1446 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1447 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1448 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1449 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1450 affect existing configurations.
1453 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1454 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1455 updated to the new APIs.
1458 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1459 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1460 will not behave correctly.
1462 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1463 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1464 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1467 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1468 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1469 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1470 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1471 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1473 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1474 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1478 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1479 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1482 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1483 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1484 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1485 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1486 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1487 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1488 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1491 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1492 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1493 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1494 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1497 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1498 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1499 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1502 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1503 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1504 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1508 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1509 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1510 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1511 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1514 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1515 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1516 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1517 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1518 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1519 none at this point.)
1522 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1523 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1526 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1527 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1528 with the new kernel.
1531 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1532 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1533 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1536 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1537 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1538 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1539 if you have updated the kernel.
1541 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1542 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1543 mounting the new volume.
1546 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1547 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1548 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1549 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1552 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1553 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1556 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1557 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1558 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1559 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1560 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1561 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1564 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1565 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1566 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1567 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1568 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1571 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1572 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1573 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1574 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1575 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1576 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1577 and wlan_xauth as required.
1580 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1581 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1582 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1583 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1587 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1588 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1589 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1590 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1591 the module when a wep key is configured).
1594 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1595 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1596 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1599 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1600 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1603 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1604 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1605 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1606 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1607 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1608 their /etc/rc scripts.
1611 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1614 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1615 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1616 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1619 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1620 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1621 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1624 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1625 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1631 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1632 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1633 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1634 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1635 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1636 on the -current branch).
1638 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1639 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1640 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1641 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1642 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1643 page for more details.
1645 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1646 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1647 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1648 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1649 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1654 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1657 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1658 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1660 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1662 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1663 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1664 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1666 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1670 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1671 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1672 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1674 make kernel-toolchain
1675 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1676 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1678 To test a kernel once
1679 ---------------------
1680 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1681 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1682 debugging information) run
1683 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1684 nextboot -k testkernel
1686 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1687 --------------------------------------------------------------
1688 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1689 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1690 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1692 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1693 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1694 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1699 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1701 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1702 -----------------------------------------------------------
1703 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1704 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1706 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1708 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1710 <reboot in single user> [3]
1718 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1719 --------------------------------------------------
1720 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1721 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1722 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1725 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1728 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1729 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1730 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1731 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1732 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1733 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1734 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1735 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1736 <reboot into current>
1737 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1738 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1742 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1743 ----------------------------------------------
1744 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1746 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1748 <reboot in single user> [3]
1755 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1756 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1757 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1758 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1759 the UPDATING entries.
1761 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1762 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1763 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1764 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1765 much fewer pitfalls.
1767 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1768 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1771 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1776 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1777 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1778 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1780 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1781 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1782 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1783 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1784 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1785 for potential gotchas.
1787 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1788 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1789 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1790 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1791 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1792 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1794 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1795 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1796 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1798 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1799 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1800 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1801 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1802 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1804 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1805 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1807 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1808 cvs prune empty directories.
1810 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1811 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1812 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1814 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1815 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1816 warn if it is improperly defined.
1819 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1820 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1821 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1822 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1823 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1825 Copyright information:
1827 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1829 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1830 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1831 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1833 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1834 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1835 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1836 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1837 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1838 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1839 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1840 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1841 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1842 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1843 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1845 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1848 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of