1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
22 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
23 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
24 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
25 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
28 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
29 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
30 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
31 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
32 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
33 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
34 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
37 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
38 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
39 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
40 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
41 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
47 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
48 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
49 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
50 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
51 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
52 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
53 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
54 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
58 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
59 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
60 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
61 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
62 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
64 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
65 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
66 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
68 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
71 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
72 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
73 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
74 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
77 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
78 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
79 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
80 be modified accordingly.
83 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
84 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
85 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
91 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
92 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
95 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
96 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
99 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
100 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
101 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
108 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
109 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
110 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
113 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
114 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
115 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
118 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
119 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
120 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
121 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
122 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
125 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
126 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
127 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
128 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
129 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
132 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
133 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
134 configurations may need to be adjusted.
137 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
138 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
139 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
140 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
143 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
144 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
145 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
146 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
149 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
150 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
151 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
152 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
155 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
156 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
157 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
160 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
161 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
162 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
163 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
164 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
165 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
166 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
167 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
168 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
170 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
171 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
172 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
173 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
174 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
177 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
178 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
179 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
180 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
181 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
184 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
185 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
189 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
193 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
194 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
195 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
198 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
199 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
202 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
203 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
207 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
208 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
210 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
213 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
217 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
218 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
221 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
223 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
226 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
227 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
228 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
229 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
230 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
231 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
234 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
235 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
238 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
240 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
243 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
244 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
245 data to /etc/localtime.
248 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
249 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
252 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
253 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
254 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
255 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
256 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
257 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
260 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
261 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
262 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
263 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
264 correctly checking networking state from userland.
265 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
268 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
269 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
270 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
271 follows the IPv4 implementation.
273 For kernel developers:
275 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
276 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
277 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
279 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
280 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
281 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
282 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
284 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
285 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
286 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
287 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
288 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
289 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
290 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
291 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
292 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
293 multicast membership on-link.
294 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
295 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
296 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
298 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
299 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
301 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
302 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
305 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
306 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
307 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
308 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
310 For application developers:
312 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
315 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
316 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
318 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
319 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
320 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
321 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
323 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
324 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
325 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
326 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
327 Multicast Source Filters'.
329 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
331 For systems administrators:
333 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
334 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
335 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
336 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
337 returned by getifaddrs(3).
339 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
340 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
342 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
343 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
344 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
345 recommended for optimal system performance.
347 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
348 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
349 back forwarded datagrams.
351 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
354 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
355 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
358 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
359 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
360 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
361 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
364 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
365 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
366 state will require a world rebuild.
367 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
370 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
371 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
372 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
375 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
376 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
377 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
378 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
380 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
383 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
384 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
385 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
386 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
387 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
388 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
389 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
390 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
393 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
394 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
395 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
398 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
399 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
400 introduces some changes:
402 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
403 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
404 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
406 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
407 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
408 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
409 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
411 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
412 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
413 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
416 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
419 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
420 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
424 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
425 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
426 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
427 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
428 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
431 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
432 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
433 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
434 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
438 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
439 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
440 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
441 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
444 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
445 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
448 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
449 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
451 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
452 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
453 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
455 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
456 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
457 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
458 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
459 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
460 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
461 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
462 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
464 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
465 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
466 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
467 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
468 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
469 to preserve the existing behaviour.
471 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
472 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
473 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
474 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
475 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
477 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
478 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
479 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
482 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
483 recompiled to reflect this.
484 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
487 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
488 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
489 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
490 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
491 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
492 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
495 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
496 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
497 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
498 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
499 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
500 raised to allow such segments to be created.
503 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
504 network device driver modules.
507 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
508 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
511 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
512 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
513 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
514 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
515 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
519 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
520 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
521 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
525 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
526 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
528 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
529 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
530 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
533 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
534 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
535 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
536 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
537 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
538 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
540 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
541 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
543 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
544 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
547 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
548 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
549 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
552 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
553 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
554 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
555 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
559 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
560 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
563 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
564 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
565 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
566 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
567 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
568 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
571 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
572 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
573 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
574 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
577 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
578 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
579 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
580 in next mpd5.3 release.
583 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
584 the base system (it was a port).
587 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
588 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
591 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
592 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
593 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
594 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
595 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
596 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
597 none of the L2 information.
600 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
601 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
603 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
605 to their kernel config files when specifying:
609 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
610 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
611 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
612 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
615 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
616 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
617 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
618 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
619 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
623 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
624 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
625 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
626 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
629 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
632 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
633 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
634 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
635 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
636 controller add the following to loader.conf:
642 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
643 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
647 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
648 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
649 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
650 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
651 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
652 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
653 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
656 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
657 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
658 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
659 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
660 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
663 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
669 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
671 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
672 cause compilation to fail.
675 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
678 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
680 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
681 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
682 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
683 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
684 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
685 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
686 accepting the RSA key.
688 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
689 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
692 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
693 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
694 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
698 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
699 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
700 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
702 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
703 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
704 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
705 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
706 use the new device names.
708 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
709 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
710 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
711 at the loader prompt:
713 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
714 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
715 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
716 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
720 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
724 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
725 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
726 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
727 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
730 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
731 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
734 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
735 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
736 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
737 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
738 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
741 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
742 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
743 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
744 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
746 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
749 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
750 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
751 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
752 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
754 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
755 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
756 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
759 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
760 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
761 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
762 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
763 other operation levels.
766 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
767 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
768 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
769 compatibility with any prior release:
771 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
772 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
773 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
776 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
777 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
778 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
779 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
780 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
784 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
785 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
786 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
787 with older hardware easier to do.
790 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
791 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
794 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
795 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
796 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
800 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
804 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
805 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
806 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
807 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
808 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
809 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
810 third-party software might fail to build after this change
811 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
812 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
813 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
814 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
815 case that a portable fix is impossible.
818 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
819 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
820 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
823 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
824 functionality is the default now.
827 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
828 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
829 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
830 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
831 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
833 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
834 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
835 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
838 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
839 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
840 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
841 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
842 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
843 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
844 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
845 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
846 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
847 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
851 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
852 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
854 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
855 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
856 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
862 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
863 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
866 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
867 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
868 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
869 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
870 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
873 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
874 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
875 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
876 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
880 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
881 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
882 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
885 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
886 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
887 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
890 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
891 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
892 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
893 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
894 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
897 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
898 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
899 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
900 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
901 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
902 will change after some settling time.
905 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
906 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
910 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
911 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
915 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
916 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
917 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
918 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
921 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
922 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
923 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
924 the IPv4 network stack.
926 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
927 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
928 has now been removed.
930 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
931 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
932 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
933 updated to reflect this.
935 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
936 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
940 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
941 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
942 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
943 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
944 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
945 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
946 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
947 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
948 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
949 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
953 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
954 function and starts providing an account management function.
955 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
956 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
957 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
959 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
961 and change it according to this example:
963 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
965 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
966 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
967 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
968 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
971 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
972 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
973 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
974 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
977 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
978 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
979 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
980 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
981 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
982 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
986 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
987 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
988 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
989 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
990 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
991 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
992 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
994 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
995 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
996 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
999 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1000 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1001 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1002 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1005 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1006 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1009 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1010 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1011 base operating system should be recompiled.
1014 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1015 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1016 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1017 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1018 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1021 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1022 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1023 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1024 deprecated in previous releases.
1025 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1026 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1029 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1030 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1031 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1032 sync. For more info:
1033 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1036 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1037 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1038 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1039 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1042 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1043 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1044 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1045 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1046 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1047 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1048 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1049 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1050 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1053 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1054 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1055 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1056 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1057 ip_mroute.ko module.
1060 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1061 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1062 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1064 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1065 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1066 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1069 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1070 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1071 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1072 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1073 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1077 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1078 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1079 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1080 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1081 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1084 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1085 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1086 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1087 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1090 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1091 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1092 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1093 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1097 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1098 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1099 with exceptions of followings:
1100 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1101 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1102 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1103 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1104 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1105 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1106 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1107 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1110 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1111 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1112 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1113 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1114 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1115 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1117 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1119 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1120 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1121 the array the same way you built it originally.
1124 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1125 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1126 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1127 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1128 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1129 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1130 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1133 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1134 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1135 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1136 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1137 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1140 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1141 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1142 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1143 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1144 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1147 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1148 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1149 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1150 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1151 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1152 added to 'struct proc'.
1155 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1158 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1159 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1160 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1161 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1162 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1165 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1168 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1169 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1170 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1173 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1176 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1177 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1178 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1181 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1182 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1183 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1184 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1185 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1188 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1189 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1190 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1191 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1194 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1195 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1199 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1200 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1201 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1202 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1203 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1206 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1207 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1208 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1209 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1210 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1211 `make installworld' with:
1213 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1215 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1216 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1217 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1218 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1221 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1222 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1223 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1224 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1228 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1229 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1230 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1231 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1232 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1233 implements the interface to support it.
1236 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1237 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1238 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1239 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1243 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1244 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1245 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1246 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1247 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1248 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1249 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1250 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1251 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1253 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1256 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1257 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1260 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1261 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1262 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1263 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1267 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1268 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1269 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1272 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1273 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1276 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1277 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1278 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1279 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1280 on your next install.
1281 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1282 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1283 to your /etc/make.conf.
1286 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1287 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1288 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1291 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1292 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1293 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1296 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1297 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1300 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1301 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1302 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1303 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1306 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1307 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1308 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1311 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1312 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1313 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1317 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1318 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1319 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1320 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1321 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1322 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1323 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1324 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1327 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1328 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1329 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1332 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1333 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1336 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1337 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1340 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1341 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1342 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1345 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1346 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1347 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1348 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1349 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1350 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1354 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1355 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1358 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1359 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1362 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1363 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1364 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1365 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1369 RELENG_6 branched here.
1372 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1373 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1374 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1375 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1376 removable_interfaces.
1379 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1380 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1381 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1382 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1383 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1384 affect existing configurations.
1387 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1388 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1389 updated to the new APIs.
1392 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1393 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1394 will not behave correctly.
1396 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1397 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1398 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1401 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1402 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1403 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1404 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1405 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1407 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1408 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1412 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1413 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1416 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1417 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1418 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1419 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1420 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1421 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1422 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1425 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1426 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1427 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1428 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1431 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1432 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1433 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1436 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1437 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1438 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1442 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1443 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1444 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1445 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1448 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1449 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1450 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1451 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1452 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1453 none at this point.)
1456 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1457 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1460 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1461 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1462 with the new kernel.
1465 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1466 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1467 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1470 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1471 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1472 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1473 if you have updated the kernel.
1475 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1476 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1477 mounting the new volume.
1480 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1481 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1482 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1483 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1486 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1487 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1490 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1491 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1492 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1493 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1494 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1495 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1498 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1499 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1500 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1501 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1502 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1505 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1506 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1507 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1508 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1509 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1510 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1511 and wlan_xauth as required.
1514 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1515 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1516 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1517 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1521 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1522 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1523 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1524 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1525 the module when a wep key is configured).
1528 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1529 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1530 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1533 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1534 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1537 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1538 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1539 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1540 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1541 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1542 their /etc/rc scripts.
1545 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1548 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1549 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1550 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1553 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1554 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1555 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1558 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1559 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1565 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1566 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1567 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1568 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1569 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1570 on the -current branch).
1572 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1573 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1574 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1575 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1576 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1577 page for more details.
1579 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1580 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1581 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1582 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1583 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1588 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1591 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1592 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1594 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1596 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1597 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1598 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1600 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1604 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1605 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1606 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1608 make kernel-toolchain
1609 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1610 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1612 To test a kernel once
1613 ---------------------
1614 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1615 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1616 debugging information) run
1617 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1618 nextboot -k testkernel
1620 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1621 --------------------------------------------------------------
1622 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1623 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1624 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1626 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1627 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1628 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1633 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1635 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1636 -----------------------------------------------------------
1637 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1638 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1640 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1642 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1644 <reboot in single user> [3]
1652 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1653 --------------------------------------------------
1654 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1655 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1656 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1659 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1662 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1663 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1664 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1665 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1666 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1667 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1668 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1669 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1670 <reboot into current>
1671 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1672 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1676 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1677 ----------------------------------------------
1678 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1680 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1682 <reboot in single user> [3]
1689 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1690 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1691 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1692 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1693 the UPDATING entries.
1695 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1696 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1697 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1698 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1699 much fewer pitfalls.
1701 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1702 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1705 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1710 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1711 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1712 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1714 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1715 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1716 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1717 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1718 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1719 for potential gotchas.
1721 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1722 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1723 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1724 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1725 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1726 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1728 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1729 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1730 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1732 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1733 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1734 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1735 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1736 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1738 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1739 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1741 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1742 cvs prune empty directories.
1744 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1745 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1746 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1748 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1749 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1750 warn if it is improperly defined.
1753 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1754 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1755 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1756 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1758 Copyright information:
1760 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1762 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1763 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1764 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1766 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1767 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1768 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1769 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1770 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1771 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1772 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1773 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1774 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1775 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1776 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1778 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1781 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of