1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
20 This version does not depend on a python library and the
21 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
22 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
23 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
26 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
27 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
28 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
29 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
30 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
32 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
33 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
39 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
40 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
41 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
42 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
45 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
46 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
47 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
48 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
49 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
50 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
51 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
54 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
55 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
56 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
57 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
58 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
64 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
65 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
66 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
67 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
68 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
69 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
70 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
71 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
75 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
76 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
77 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
78 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
79 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
81 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
82 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
83 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
85 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
88 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
89 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
90 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
91 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
94 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
95 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
96 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
97 be modified accordingly.
100 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
101 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
102 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
108 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
109 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
112 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
113 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
116 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
117 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
118 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
125 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
126 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
127 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
130 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
131 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
132 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
135 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
136 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
137 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
138 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
139 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
142 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
143 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
144 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
145 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
146 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
149 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
150 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
151 configurations may need to be adjusted.
154 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
155 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
156 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
157 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
160 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
161 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
162 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
163 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
166 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
167 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
168 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
169 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
172 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
173 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
174 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
177 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
178 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
179 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
180 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
181 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
182 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
183 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
184 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
185 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
187 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
188 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
189 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
190 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
191 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
194 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
195 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
196 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
197 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
198 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
201 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
202 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
206 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
210 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
211 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
212 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
215 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
216 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
219 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
220 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
224 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
225 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
227 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
230 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
234 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
235 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
238 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
240 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
243 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
244 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
245 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
246 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
247 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
248 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
251 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
252 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
255 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
257 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
260 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
261 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
262 data to /etc/localtime.
265 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
266 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
269 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
270 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
271 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
272 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
273 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
274 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
277 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
278 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
279 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
280 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
281 correctly checking networking state from userland.
282 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
285 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
286 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
287 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
288 follows the IPv4 implementation.
290 For kernel developers:
292 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
293 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
294 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
296 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
297 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
298 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
299 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
301 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
302 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
303 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
304 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
305 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
306 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
307 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
308 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
309 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
310 multicast membership on-link.
311 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
312 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
313 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
315 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
316 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
318 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
319 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
322 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
323 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
324 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
325 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
327 For application developers:
329 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
332 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
333 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
335 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
336 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
337 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
338 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
340 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
341 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
342 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
343 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
344 Multicast Source Filters'.
346 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
348 For systems administrators:
350 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
351 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
352 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
353 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
354 returned by getifaddrs(3).
356 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
357 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
359 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
360 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
361 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
362 recommended for optimal system performance.
364 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
365 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
366 back forwarded datagrams.
368 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
371 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
372 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
375 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
376 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
377 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
378 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
381 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
382 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
383 state will require a world rebuild.
384 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
387 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
388 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
389 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
392 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
393 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
394 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
395 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
397 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
400 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
401 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
402 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
403 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
404 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
405 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
406 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
407 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
410 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
411 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
412 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
415 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
416 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
417 introduces some changes:
419 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
420 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
421 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
423 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
424 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
425 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
426 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
428 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
429 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
430 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
433 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
436 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
437 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
441 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
442 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
443 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
444 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
445 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
448 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
449 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
450 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
451 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
455 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
456 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
457 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
458 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
461 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
462 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
465 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
466 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
468 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
469 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
470 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
472 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
473 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
474 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
475 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
476 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
477 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
478 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
479 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
481 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
482 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
483 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
484 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
485 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
486 to preserve the existing behaviour.
488 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
489 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
490 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
491 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
492 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
494 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
495 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
496 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
499 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
500 recompiled to reflect this.
501 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
504 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
505 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
506 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
507 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
508 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
509 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
512 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
513 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
514 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
515 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
516 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
517 raised to allow such segments to be created.
520 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
521 network device driver modules.
524 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
525 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
528 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
529 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
530 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
531 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
532 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
536 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
537 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
538 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
542 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
543 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
545 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
546 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
547 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
550 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
551 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
552 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
553 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
554 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
555 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
557 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
558 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
560 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
561 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
564 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
565 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
566 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
569 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
570 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
571 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
572 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
576 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
577 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
580 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
581 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
582 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
583 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
584 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
585 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
588 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
589 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
590 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
591 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
594 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
595 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
596 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
597 in next mpd5.3 release.
600 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
601 the base system (it was a port).
604 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
605 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
608 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
609 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
610 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
611 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
612 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
613 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
614 none of the L2 information.
617 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
618 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
620 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
622 to their kernel config files when specifying:
626 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
627 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
628 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
629 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
632 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
633 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
634 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
635 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
636 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
640 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
641 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
642 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
643 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
646 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
649 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
650 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
651 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
652 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
653 controller add the following to loader.conf:
659 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
660 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
664 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
665 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
666 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
667 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
668 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
669 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
670 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
673 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
674 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
675 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
676 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
677 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
680 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
686 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
688 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
689 cause compilation to fail.
692 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
695 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
697 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
698 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
699 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
700 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
701 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
702 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
703 accepting the RSA key.
705 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
706 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
709 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
710 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
711 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
715 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
716 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
717 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
719 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
720 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
721 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
722 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
723 use the new device names.
725 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
726 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
727 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
728 at the loader prompt:
730 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
731 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
732 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
733 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
737 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
741 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
742 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
743 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
744 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
747 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
748 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
751 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
752 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
753 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
754 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
755 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
758 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
759 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
760 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
761 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
763 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
766 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
767 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
768 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
769 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
771 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
772 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
773 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
776 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
777 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
778 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
779 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
780 other operation levels.
783 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
784 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
785 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
786 compatibility with any prior release:
788 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
789 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
790 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
793 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
794 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
795 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
796 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
797 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
801 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
802 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
803 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
804 with older hardware easier to do.
807 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
808 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
811 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
812 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
813 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
817 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
821 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
822 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
823 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
824 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
825 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
826 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
827 third-party software might fail to build after this change
828 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
829 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
830 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
831 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
832 case that a portable fix is impossible.
835 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
836 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
837 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
840 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
841 functionality is the default now.
844 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
845 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
846 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
847 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
848 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
850 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
851 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
852 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
855 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
856 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
857 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
858 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
859 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
860 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
861 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
862 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
863 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
864 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
868 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
869 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
871 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
872 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
873 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
879 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
880 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
883 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
884 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
885 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
886 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
887 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
890 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
891 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
892 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
893 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
897 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
898 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
899 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
902 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
903 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
904 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
907 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
908 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
909 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
910 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
911 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
914 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
915 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
916 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
917 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
918 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
919 will change after some settling time.
922 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
923 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
927 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
928 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
932 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
933 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
934 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
935 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
938 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
939 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
940 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
941 the IPv4 network stack.
943 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
944 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
945 has now been removed.
947 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
948 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
949 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
950 updated to reflect this.
952 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
953 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
957 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
958 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
959 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
960 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
961 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
962 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
963 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
964 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
965 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
966 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
970 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
971 function and starts providing an account management function.
972 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
973 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
974 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
976 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
978 and change it according to this example:
980 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
982 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
983 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
984 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
985 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
988 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
989 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
990 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
991 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
994 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
995 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
996 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
997 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
998 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
999 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1003 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1004 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1005 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1006 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1007 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1008 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1009 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1011 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1012 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1013 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1016 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1017 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1018 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1019 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1022 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1023 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1026 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1027 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1028 base operating system should be recompiled.
1031 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1032 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1033 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1034 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1035 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1038 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1039 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1040 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1041 deprecated in previous releases.
1042 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1043 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1046 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1047 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1048 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1049 sync. For more info:
1050 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1053 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1054 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1055 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1056 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1059 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1060 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1061 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1062 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1063 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1064 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1065 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1066 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1067 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1070 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1071 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1072 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1073 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1074 ip_mroute.ko module.
1077 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1078 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1079 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1081 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1082 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1083 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1086 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1087 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1088 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1089 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1090 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1094 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1095 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1096 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1097 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1098 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1101 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1102 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1103 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1104 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1107 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1108 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1109 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1110 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1114 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1115 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1116 with exceptions of followings:
1117 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1118 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1119 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1120 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1121 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1122 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1123 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1124 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1127 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1128 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1129 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1130 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1131 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1132 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1134 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1136 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1137 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1138 the array the same way you built it originally.
1141 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1142 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1143 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1144 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1145 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1146 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1147 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1150 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1151 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1152 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1153 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1154 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1157 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1158 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1159 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1160 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1161 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1164 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1165 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1166 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1167 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1168 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1169 added to 'struct proc'.
1172 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1175 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1176 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1177 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1178 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1179 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1182 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1185 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1186 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1187 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1190 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1193 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1194 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1195 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1198 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1199 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1200 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1201 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1202 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1205 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1206 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1207 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1208 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1211 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1212 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1216 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1217 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1218 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1219 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1220 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1223 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1224 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1225 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1226 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1227 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1228 `make installworld' with:
1230 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1232 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1233 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1234 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1235 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1238 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1239 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1240 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1241 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1245 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1246 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1247 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1248 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1249 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1250 implements the interface to support it.
1253 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1254 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1255 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1256 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1260 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1261 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1262 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1263 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1264 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1265 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1266 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1267 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1268 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1270 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1273 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1274 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1277 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1278 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1279 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1280 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1284 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1285 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1286 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1289 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1290 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1293 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1294 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1295 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1296 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1297 on your next install.
1298 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1299 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1300 to your /etc/make.conf.
1303 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1304 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1305 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1308 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1309 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1310 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1313 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1314 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1317 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1318 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1319 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1320 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1323 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1324 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1325 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1328 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1329 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1330 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1334 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1335 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1336 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1337 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1338 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1339 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1340 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1341 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1344 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1345 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1346 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1349 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1350 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1353 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1354 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1357 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1358 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1359 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1362 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1363 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1364 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1365 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1366 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1367 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1371 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1372 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1375 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1376 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1379 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1380 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1381 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1382 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1386 RELENG_6 branched here.
1389 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1390 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1391 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1392 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1393 removable_interfaces.
1396 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1397 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1398 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1399 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1400 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1401 affect existing configurations.
1404 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1405 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1406 updated to the new APIs.
1409 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1410 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1411 will not behave correctly.
1413 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1414 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1415 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1418 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1419 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1420 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1421 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1422 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1424 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1425 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1429 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1430 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1433 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1434 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1435 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1436 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1437 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1438 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1439 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1442 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1443 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1444 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1445 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1448 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1449 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1450 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1453 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1454 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1455 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1459 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1460 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1461 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1462 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1465 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1466 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1467 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1468 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1469 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1470 none at this point.)
1473 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1474 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1477 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1478 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1479 with the new kernel.
1482 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1483 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1484 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1487 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1488 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1489 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1490 if you have updated the kernel.
1492 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1493 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1494 mounting the new volume.
1497 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1498 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1499 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1500 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1503 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1504 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1507 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1508 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1509 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1510 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1511 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1512 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1515 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1516 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1517 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1518 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1519 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1522 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1523 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1524 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1525 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1526 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1527 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1528 and wlan_xauth as required.
1531 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1532 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1533 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1534 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1538 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1539 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1540 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1541 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1542 the module when a wep key is configured).
1545 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1546 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1547 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1550 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1551 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1554 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1555 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1556 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1557 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1558 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1559 their /etc/rc scripts.
1562 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1565 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1566 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1567 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1570 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1571 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1572 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1575 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1576 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1582 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1583 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1584 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1585 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1586 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1587 on the -current branch).
1589 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1590 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1591 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1592 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1593 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1594 page for more details.
1596 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1597 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1598 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1599 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1600 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1605 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1608 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1609 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1611 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1613 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1614 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1615 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1617 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1621 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1622 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1623 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1625 make kernel-toolchain
1626 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1627 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1629 To test a kernel once
1630 ---------------------
1631 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1632 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1633 debugging information) run
1634 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1635 nextboot -k testkernel
1637 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1638 --------------------------------------------------------------
1639 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1640 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1641 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1643 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1644 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1645 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1650 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1652 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1653 -----------------------------------------------------------
1654 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1655 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1657 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1659 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1661 <reboot in single user> [3]
1669 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1670 --------------------------------------------------
1671 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1672 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1673 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1676 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1679 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1680 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1681 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1682 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1683 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1684 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1685 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1686 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1687 <reboot into current>
1688 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1689 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1693 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1694 ----------------------------------------------
1695 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1697 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1699 <reboot in single user> [3]
1706 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1707 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1708 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1709 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1710 the UPDATING entries.
1712 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1713 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1714 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1715 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1716 much fewer pitfalls.
1718 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1719 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1722 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1727 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1728 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1729 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1731 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1732 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1733 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1734 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1735 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1736 for potential gotchas.
1738 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1739 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1740 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1741 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1742 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1743 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1745 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1746 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1747 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1749 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1750 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1751 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1752 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1753 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1755 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1756 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1758 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1759 cvs prune empty directories.
1761 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1762 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1763 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1765 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1766 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1767 warn if it is improperly defined.
1770 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1771 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1772 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1773 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1775 Copyright information:
1777 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1779 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1780 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1781 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1783 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1784 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1785 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1786 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1787 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1788 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1789 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1790 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1791 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1792 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1793 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1795 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1798 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of