1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
20 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
23 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
24 This version does not depend on a python library and the
25 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
26 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
27 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
30 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
31 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
32 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
33 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
34 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
36 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
37 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
43 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
44 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
45 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
46 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
49 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
50 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
51 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
52 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
53 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
54 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
55 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
58 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
59 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
60 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
61 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
62 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
68 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
69 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
70 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
71 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
72 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
73 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
74 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
75 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
79 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
80 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
81 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
82 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
83 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
85 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
86 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
87 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
89 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
92 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
93 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
94 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
95 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
98 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
99 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
100 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
101 be modified accordingly.
104 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
105 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
106 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
112 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
113 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
116 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
117 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
120 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
121 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
122 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
129 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
130 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
131 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
134 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
135 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
136 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
139 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
140 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
141 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
142 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
143 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
146 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
147 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
148 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
149 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
150 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
153 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
154 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
155 configurations may need to be adjusted.
158 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
159 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
160 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
161 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
164 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
165 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
166 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
167 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
170 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
171 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
172 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
173 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
176 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
177 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
178 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
181 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
182 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
183 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
184 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
185 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
186 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
187 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
188 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
189 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
191 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
192 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
193 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
194 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
195 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
198 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
199 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
200 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
201 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
202 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
205 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
206 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
210 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
214 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
215 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
216 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
219 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
220 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
223 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
224 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
228 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
229 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
231 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
234 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
238 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
239 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
242 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
247 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
248 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
249 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
250 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
251 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
252 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
255 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
259 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
261 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
264 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
265 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
266 data to /etc/localtime.
269 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
270 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
273 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
274 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
275 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
276 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
277 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
278 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
281 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
282 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
283 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
284 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
285 correctly checking networking state from userland.
286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
289 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
290 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
291 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
292 follows the IPv4 implementation.
294 For kernel developers:
296 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
297 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
298 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
300 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
301 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
302 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
303 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
305 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
306 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
307 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
308 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
309 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
310 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
311 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
312 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
313 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
314 multicast membership on-link.
315 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
316 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
317 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
319 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
320 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
322 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
323 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
326 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
327 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
328 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
329 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
331 For application developers:
333 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
336 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
337 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
339 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
340 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
341 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
342 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
344 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
345 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
346 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
347 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
348 Multicast Source Filters'.
350 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
352 For systems administrators:
354 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
355 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
356 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
357 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
358 returned by getifaddrs(3).
360 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
361 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
363 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
364 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
365 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
366 recommended for optimal system performance.
368 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
369 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
370 back forwarded datagrams.
372 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
375 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
376 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
379 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
380 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
381 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
382 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
385 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
386 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
387 state will require a world rebuild.
388 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
391 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
392 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
393 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
396 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
397 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
398 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
399 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
401 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
404 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
405 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
406 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
407 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
408 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
409 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
410 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
411 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
414 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
415 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
416 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
419 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
420 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
421 introduces some changes:
423 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
424 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
425 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
427 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
428 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
429 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
430 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
432 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
433 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
434 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
437 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
440 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
441 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
445 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
446 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
447 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
448 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
449 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
452 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
453 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
454 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
455 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
459 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
460 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
461 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
462 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
465 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
466 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
469 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
470 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
472 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
473 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
474 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
476 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
477 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
478 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
479 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
480 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
481 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
482 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
483 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
485 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
486 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
487 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
488 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
489 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
490 to preserve the existing behaviour.
492 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
493 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
494 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
495 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
496 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
498 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
499 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
500 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
503 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
504 recompiled to reflect this.
505 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
508 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
509 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
510 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
511 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
512 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
513 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
516 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
517 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
518 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
519 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
520 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
521 raised to allow such segments to be created.
524 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
525 network device driver modules.
528 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
529 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
532 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
533 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
534 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
535 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
536 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
540 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
541 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
542 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
546 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
547 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
549 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
550 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
551 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
554 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
555 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
556 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
557 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
558 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
559 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
561 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
562 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
564 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
565 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
568 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
569 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
570 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
573 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
574 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
575 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
576 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
580 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
581 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
584 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
585 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
586 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
587 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
588 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
589 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
592 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
593 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
594 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
595 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
598 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
599 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
600 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
601 in next mpd5.3 release.
604 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
605 the base system (it was a port).
608 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
609 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
612 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
613 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
614 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
615 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
616 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
617 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
618 none of the L2 information.
621 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
622 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
624 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
626 to their kernel config files when specifying:
630 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
631 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
632 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
633 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
636 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
637 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
638 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
639 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
640 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
644 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
645 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
646 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
647 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
650 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
653 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
654 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
655 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
656 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
657 controller add the following to loader.conf:
663 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
664 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
668 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
669 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
670 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
671 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
672 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
673 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
674 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
677 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
678 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
679 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
680 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
681 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
684 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
690 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
692 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
693 cause compilation to fail.
696 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
699 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
701 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
702 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
703 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
704 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
705 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
706 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
707 accepting the RSA key.
709 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
710 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
713 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
714 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
715 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
719 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
720 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
721 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
723 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
724 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
725 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
726 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
727 use the new device names.
729 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
730 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
731 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
732 at the loader prompt:
734 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
735 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
736 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
737 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
741 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
745 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
746 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
747 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
748 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
751 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
752 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
755 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
756 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
757 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
758 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
759 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
762 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
763 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
764 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
765 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
767 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
770 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
771 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
772 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
773 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
775 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
776 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
777 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
780 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
781 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
782 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
783 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
784 other operation levels.
787 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
788 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
789 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
790 compatibility with any prior release:
792 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
793 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
794 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
797 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
798 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
799 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
800 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
801 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
805 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
806 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
807 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
808 with older hardware easier to do.
811 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
812 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
815 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
816 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
817 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
821 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
825 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
826 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
827 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
828 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
829 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
830 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
831 third-party software might fail to build after this change
832 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
833 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
834 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
835 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
836 case that a portable fix is impossible.
839 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
840 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
841 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
844 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
845 functionality is the default now.
848 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
849 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
850 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
851 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
852 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
854 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
855 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
856 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
859 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
860 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
861 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
862 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
863 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
864 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
865 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
866 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
867 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
868 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
872 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
873 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
875 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
876 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
877 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
883 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
884 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
887 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
888 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
889 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
890 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
891 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
894 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
895 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
896 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
897 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
901 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
902 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
903 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
906 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
907 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
908 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
911 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
912 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
913 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
914 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
915 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
918 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
919 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
920 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
921 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
922 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
923 will change after some settling time.
926 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
927 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
931 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
932 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
936 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
937 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
938 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
939 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
942 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
943 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
944 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
945 the IPv4 network stack.
947 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
948 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
949 has now been removed.
951 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
952 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
953 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
954 updated to reflect this.
956 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
957 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
961 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
962 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
963 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
964 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
965 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
966 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
967 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
968 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
969 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
970 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
974 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
975 function and starts providing an account management function.
976 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
977 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
978 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
980 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
982 and change it according to this example:
984 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
986 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
987 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
988 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
989 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
992 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
993 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
994 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
995 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
998 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
999 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1000 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1001 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1002 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1003 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1007 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1008 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1009 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1010 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1011 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1012 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1013 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1015 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1016 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1017 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1020 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1021 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1022 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1023 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1026 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1027 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1030 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1031 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1032 base operating system should be recompiled.
1035 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1036 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1037 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1038 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1039 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1042 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1043 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1044 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1045 deprecated in previous releases.
1046 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1047 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1050 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1051 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1052 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1053 sync. For more info:
1054 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1057 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1058 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1059 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1060 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1063 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1064 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1065 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1066 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1067 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1068 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1069 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1070 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1071 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1074 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1075 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1076 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1077 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1078 ip_mroute.ko module.
1081 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1082 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1083 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1085 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1086 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1087 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1090 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1091 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1092 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1093 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1094 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1098 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1099 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1100 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1101 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1102 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1105 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1106 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1107 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1108 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1111 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1112 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1113 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1114 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1118 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1119 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1120 with exceptions of followings:
1121 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1122 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1123 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1124 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1125 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1126 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1127 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1128 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1131 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1132 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1133 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1134 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1135 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1136 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1138 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1140 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1141 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1142 the array the same way you built it originally.
1145 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1146 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1147 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1148 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1149 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1150 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1151 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1154 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1155 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1156 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1157 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1158 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1161 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1162 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1163 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1164 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1165 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1168 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1169 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1170 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1171 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1172 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1173 added to 'struct proc'.
1176 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1179 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1180 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1181 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1182 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1183 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1186 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1189 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1190 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1191 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1194 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1197 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1198 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1199 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1202 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1203 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1204 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1205 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1206 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1209 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1210 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1211 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1212 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1215 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1216 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1220 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1221 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1222 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1223 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1224 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1227 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1228 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1229 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1230 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1231 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1232 `make installworld' with:
1234 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1236 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1237 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1238 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1239 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1242 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1243 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1244 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1245 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1249 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1250 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1251 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1252 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1253 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1254 implements the interface to support it.
1257 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1258 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1259 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1260 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1264 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1265 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1266 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1267 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1268 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1269 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1270 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1271 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1272 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1274 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1277 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1278 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1281 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1282 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1283 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1284 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1288 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1289 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1290 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1293 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1294 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1297 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1298 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1299 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1300 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1301 on your next install.
1302 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1303 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1304 to your /etc/make.conf.
1307 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1308 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1309 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1312 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1313 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1314 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1317 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1318 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1321 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1322 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1323 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1324 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1327 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1328 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1329 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1332 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1333 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1334 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1338 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1339 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1340 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1341 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1342 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1343 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1344 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1345 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1348 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1349 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1350 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1353 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1354 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1357 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1358 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1361 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1362 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1363 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1366 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1367 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1368 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1369 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1370 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1371 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1375 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1376 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1379 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1380 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1383 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1384 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1385 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1386 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1390 RELENG_6 branched here.
1393 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1394 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1395 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1396 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1397 removable_interfaces.
1400 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1401 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1402 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1403 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1404 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1405 affect existing configurations.
1408 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1409 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1410 updated to the new APIs.
1413 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1414 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1415 will not behave correctly.
1417 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1418 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1419 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1422 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1423 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1424 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1425 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1426 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1428 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1429 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1433 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1434 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1437 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1438 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1439 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1440 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1441 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1442 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1443 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1446 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1447 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1448 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1449 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1452 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1453 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1454 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1457 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1458 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1459 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1463 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1464 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1465 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1466 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1469 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1470 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1471 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1472 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1473 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1474 none at this point.)
1477 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1478 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1481 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1482 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1483 with the new kernel.
1486 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1487 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1488 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1491 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1492 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1493 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1494 if you have updated the kernel.
1496 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1497 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1498 mounting the new volume.
1501 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1502 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1503 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1504 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1507 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1508 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1511 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1512 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1513 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1514 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1515 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1516 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1519 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1520 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1521 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1522 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1523 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1526 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1527 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1528 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1529 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1530 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1531 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1532 and wlan_xauth as required.
1535 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1536 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1537 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1538 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1542 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1543 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1544 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1545 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1546 the module when a wep key is configured).
1549 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1550 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1551 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1554 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1555 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1558 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1559 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1560 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1561 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1562 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1563 their /etc/rc scripts.
1566 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1569 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1570 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1571 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1574 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1575 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1576 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1579 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1580 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1586 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1587 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1588 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1589 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1590 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1591 on the -current branch).
1593 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1594 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1595 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1596 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1597 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1598 page for more details.
1600 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1601 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1602 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1603 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1604 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1609 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1612 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1613 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1615 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1617 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1618 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1619 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1621 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1625 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1626 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1627 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1629 make kernel-toolchain
1630 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1631 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1633 To test a kernel once
1634 ---------------------
1635 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1636 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1637 debugging information) run
1638 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1639 nextboot -k testkernel
1641 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1642 --------------------------------------------------------------
1643 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1644 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1645 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1647 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1648 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1649 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1654 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1656 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1657 -----------------------------------------------------------
1658 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1659 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1661 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1663 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1665 <reboot in single user> [3]
1673 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1674 --------------------------------------------------
1675 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1676 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1677 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1680 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1683 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1684 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1685 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1686 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1687 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1688 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1689 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1690 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1691 <reboot into current>
1692 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1693 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1697 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1698 ----------------------------------------------
1699 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1701 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1703 <reboot in single user> [3]
1710 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1711 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1712 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1713 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1714 the UPDATING entries.
1716 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1717 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1718 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1719 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1720 much fewer pitfalls.
1722 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1723 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1726 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1731 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1732 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1733 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1735 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1736 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1737 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1738 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1739 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1740 for potential gotchas.
1742 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1743 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1744 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1745 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1746 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1747 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1749 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1750 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1751 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1753 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1754 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1755 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1756 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1757 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1759 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1760 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1762 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1763 cvs prune empty directories.
1765 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1766 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1767 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1769 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1770 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1771 warn if it is improperly defined.
1774 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1775 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1776 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1777 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1778 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1780 Copyright information:
1782 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1784 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1785 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1786 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1788 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1789 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1790 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1791 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1792 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1793 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1794 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1795 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1796 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1797 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1798 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1800 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1803 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of