1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
20 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
21 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
22 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
24 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
25 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
29 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
30 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
31 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
32 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
33 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
37 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
38 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
39 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
45 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
46 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
49 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
50 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
53 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
54 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
57 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
58 This version does not depend on a python library and the
59 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
60 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
61 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
64 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
65 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
66 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
67 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
68 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
70 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
71 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
77 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
78 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
79 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
80 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
83 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
84 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
85 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
86 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
87 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
88 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
89 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
92 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
93 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
94 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
95 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
96 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
102 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
103 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
104 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
105 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
106 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
107 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
108 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
109 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
113 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
114 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
115 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
116 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
117 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
119 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
120 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
121 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
123 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
126 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
127 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
128 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
129 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
132 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
133 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
134 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
135 be modified accordingly.
138 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
139 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
140 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
146 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
147 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
150 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
151 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
154 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
155 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
156 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
163 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
164 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
165 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
168 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
169 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
170 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
173 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
174 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
175 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
176 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
177 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
180 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
181 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
182 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
183 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
184 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
187 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
188 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
189 configurations may need to be adjusted.
192 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
193 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
194 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
195 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
198 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
199 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
200 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
201 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
204 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
205 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
206 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
207 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
210 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
211 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
212 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
215 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
216 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
217 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
218 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
219 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
220 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
221 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
222 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
223 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
225 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
226 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
227 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
228 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
229 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
232 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
233 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
234 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
235 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
236 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
239 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
240 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
244 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
248 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
249 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
253 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
254 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
257 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
258 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
262 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
263 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
265 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
268 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
272 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
273 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
276 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
278 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
281 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
282 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
283 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
284 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
285 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
289 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
290 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
293 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
295 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
298 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
299 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
300 data to /etc/localtime.
303 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
304 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
307 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
308 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
309 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
310 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
311 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
312 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
315 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
316 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
317 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
318 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
319 correctly checking networking state from userland.
320 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
323 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
324 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
325 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
326 follows the IPv4 implementation.
328 For kernel developers:
330 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
331 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
332 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
334 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
335 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
336 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
337 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
339 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
340 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
341 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
342 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
343 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
344 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
345 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
346 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
347 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
348 multicast membership on-link.
349 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
350 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
351 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
353 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
354 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
356 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
357 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
360 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
361 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
362 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
363 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
365 For application developers:
367 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
370 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
371 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
373 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
374 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
375 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
376 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
378 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
379 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
380 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
381 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
382 Multicast Source Filters'.
384 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
386 For systems administrators:
388 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
389 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
390 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
391 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
392 returned by getifaddrs(3).
394 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
395 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
397 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
398 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
399 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
400 recommended for optimal system performance.
402 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
403 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
404 back forwarded datagrams.
406 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
409 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
410 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
413 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
414 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
415 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
416 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
419 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
420 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
421 state will require a world rebuild.
422 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
425 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
426 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
427 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
430 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
431 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
432 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
433 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
435 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
438 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
439 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
440 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
441 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
442 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
443 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
444 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
445 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
448 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
449 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
450 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
453 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
454 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
455 introduces some changes:
457 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
458 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
459 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
461 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
462 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
463 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
464 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
466 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
467 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
468 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
471 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
474 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
475 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
479 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
480 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
481 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
482 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
483 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
486 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
487 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
488 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
489 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
493 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
494 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
495 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
496 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
499 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
500 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
503 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
504 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
506 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
507 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
508 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
510 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
511 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
512 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
513 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
514 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
515 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
516 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
517 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
519 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
520 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
521 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
522 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
523 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
524 to preserve the existing behaviour.
526 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
527 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
528 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
529 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
530 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
532 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
533 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
534 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
537 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
538 recompiled to reflect this.
539 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
542 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
543 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
544 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
545 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
546 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
547 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
550 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
551 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
552 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
553 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
554 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
555 raised to allow such segments to be created.
558 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
559 network device driver modules.
562 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
563 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
566 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
567 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
568 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
569 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
570 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
574 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
575 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
576 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
580 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
581 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
583 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
584 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
585 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
588 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
589 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
590 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
591 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
592 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
593 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
595 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
596 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
598 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
599 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
602 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
603 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
604 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
607 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
608 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
609 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
610 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
614 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
615 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
618 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
619 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
620 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
621 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
622 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
623 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
626 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
627 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
628 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
629 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
632 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
633 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
634 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
635 in next mpd5.3 release.
638 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
639 the base system (it was a port).
642 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
643 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
646 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
647 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
648 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
649 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
650 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
651 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
652 none of the L2 information.
655 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
656 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
658 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
660 to their kernel config files when specifying:
664 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
665 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
666 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
667 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
670 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
671 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
672 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
673 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
674 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
678 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
679 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
680 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
681 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
684 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
687 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
688 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
689 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
690 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
691 controller add the following to loader.conf:
697 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
698 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
702 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
703 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
704 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
705 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
706 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
707 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
708 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
711 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
712 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
713 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
714 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
715 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
718 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
724 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
726 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
727 cause compilation to fail.
730 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
733 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
735 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
736 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
737 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
738 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
739 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
740 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
741 accepting the RSA key.
743 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
744 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
747 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
748 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
749 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
753 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
754 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
755 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
757 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
758 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
759 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
760 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
761 use the new device names.
763 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
764 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
765 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
766 at the loader prompt:
768 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
769 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
770 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
771 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
775 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
779 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
780 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
781 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
782 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
785 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
786 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
789 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
790 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
791 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
792 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
793 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
796 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
797 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
798 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
799 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
801 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
804 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
805 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
806 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
807 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
809 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
810 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
811 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
814 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
815 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
816 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
817 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
818 other operation levels.
821 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
822 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
823 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
824 compatibility with any prior release:
826 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
827 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
828 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
831 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
832 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
833 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
834 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
835 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
839 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
840 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
841 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
842 with older hardware easier to do.
845 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
846 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
849 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
850 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
851 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
855 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
859 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
860 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
861 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
862 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
863 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
864 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
865 third-party software might fail to build after this change
866 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
867 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
868 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
869 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
870 case that a portable fix is impossible.
873 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
874 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
875 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
878 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
879 functionality is the default now.
882 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
883 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
884 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
885 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
886 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
888 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
889 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
890 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
893 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
894 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
895 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
896 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
897 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
898 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
899 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
900 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
901 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
902 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
906 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
907 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
909 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
910 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
911 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
917 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
918 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
921 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
922 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
923 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
924 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
925 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
928 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
929 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
930 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
931 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
935 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
936 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
937 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
940 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
941 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
942 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
945 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
946 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
947 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
948 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
949 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
952 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
953 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
954 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
955 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
956 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
957 will change after some settling time.
960 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
961 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
965 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
966 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
970 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
971 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
972 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
973 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
976 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
977 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
978 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
979 the IPv4 network stack.
981 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
982 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
983 has now been removed.
985 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
986 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
987 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
988 updated to reflect this.
990 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
991 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
995 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
996 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
997 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
998 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
999 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1000 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1001 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1002 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1003 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1004 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1008 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1009 function and starts providing an account management function.
1010 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1011 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1012 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1014 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1016 and change it according to this example:
1018 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1020 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1021 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1022 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1023 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1026 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1027 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1028 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1029 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1032 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1033 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1034 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1035 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1036 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1037 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1041 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1042 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1043 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1044 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1045 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1046 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1047 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1049 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1050 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1051 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1054 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1055 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1056 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1057 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1060 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1061 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1064 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1065 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1066 base operating system should be recompiled.
1069 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1070 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1071 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1072 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1073 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1076 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1077 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1078 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1079 deprecated in previous releases.
1080 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1081 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1084 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1085 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1086 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1087 sync. For more info:
1088 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1091 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1092 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1093 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1094 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1097 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1098 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1099 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1100 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1101 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1102 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1103 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1104 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1105 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1108 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1109 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1110 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1111 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1112 ip_mroute.ko module.
1115 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1116 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1117 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1119 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1120 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1121 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1124 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1125 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1126 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1127 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1128 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1132 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1133 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1134 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1135 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1136 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1139 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1140 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1141 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1142 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1145 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1146 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1147 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1148 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1152 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1153 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1154 with exceptions of followings:
1155 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1156 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1157 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1158 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1159 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1160 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1161 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1162 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1165 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1166 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1167 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1168 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1169 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1170 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1172 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1174 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1175 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1176 the array the same way you built it originally.
1179 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1180 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1181 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1182 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1183 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1184 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1185 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1188 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1189 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1190 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1191 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1192 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1195 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1196 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1197 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1198 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1199 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1202 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1203 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1204 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1205 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1206 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1207 added to 'struct proc'.
1210 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1213 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1214 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1215 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1216 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1217 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1220 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1223 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1224 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1225 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1228 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1231 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1232 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1233 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1236 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1237 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1238 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1239 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1240 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1243 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1244 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1245 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1246 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1249 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1250 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1254 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1255 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1256 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1257 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1258 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1261 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1262 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1263 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1264 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1265 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1266 `make installworld' with:
1268 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1270 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1271 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1272 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1273 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1276 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1277 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1278 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1279 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1283 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1284 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1285 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1286 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1287 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1288 implements the interface to support it.
1291 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1292 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1293 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1294 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1298 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1299 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1300 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1301 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1302 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1303 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1304 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1305 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1306 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1308 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1311 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1312 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1315 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1316 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1317 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1318 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1322 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1323 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1324 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1327 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1328 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1331 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1332 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1333 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1334 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1335 on your next install.
1336 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1337 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1338 to your /etc/make.conf.
1341 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1342 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1343 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1346 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1347 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1348 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1351 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1352 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1355 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1356 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1357 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1358 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1361 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1362 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1363 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1366 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1367 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1368 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1372 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1373 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1374 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1375 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1376 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1377 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1378 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1379 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1382 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1383 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1384 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1387 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1388 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1391 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1392 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1395 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1396 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1397 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1400 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1401 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1402 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1403 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1404 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1405 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1409 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1410 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1413 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1414 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1417 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1418 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1419 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1420 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1424 RELENG_6 branched here.
1427 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1428 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1429 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1430 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1431 removable_interfaces.
1434 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1435 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1436 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1437 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1438 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1439 affect existing configurations.
1442 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1443 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1444 updated to the new APIs.
1447 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1448 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1449 will not behave correctly.
1451 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1452 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1453 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1456 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1457 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1458 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1459 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1460 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1462 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1463 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1467 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1468 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1471 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1472 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1473 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1474 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1475 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1476 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1477 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1480 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1481 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1482 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1483 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1486 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1487 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1488 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1491 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1492 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1493 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1497 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1498 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1499 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1500 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1503 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1504 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1505 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1506 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1507 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1508 none at this point.)
1511 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1512 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1515 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1516 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1517 with the new kernel.
1520 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1521 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1522 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1525 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1526 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1527 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1528 if you have updated the kernel.
1530 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1531 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1532 mounting the new volume.
1535 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1536 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1537 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1538 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1541 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1542 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1545 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1546 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1547 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1548 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1549 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1550 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1553 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1554 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1555 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1556 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1557 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1560 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1561 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1562 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1563 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1564 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1565 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1566 and wlan_xauth as required.
1569 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1570 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1571 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1572 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1576 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1577 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1578 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1579 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1580 the module when a wep key is configured).
1583 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1584 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1585 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1588 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1589 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1592 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1593 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1594 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1595 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1596 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1597 their /etc/rc scripts.
1600 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1603 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1604 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1605 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1608 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1609 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1610 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1613 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1614 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1620 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1621 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1622 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1623 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1624 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1625 on the -current branch).
1627 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1628 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1629 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1630 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1631 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1632 page for more details.
1634 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1635 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1636 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1637 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1638 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1643 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1646 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1647 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1649 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1651 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1652 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1653 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1655 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1659 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1660 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1661 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1663 make kernel-toolchain
1664 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1665 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1667 To test a kernel once
1668 ---------------------
1669 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1670 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1671 debugging information) run
1672 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1673 nextboot -k testkernel
1675 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1676 --------------------------------------------------------------
1677 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1678 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1679 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1681 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1682 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1683 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1688 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1690 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1691 -----------------------------------------------------------
1692 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1693 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1695 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1697 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1699 <reboot in single user> [3]
1707 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1708 --------------------------------------------------
1709 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1710 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1711 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1714 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1717 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1718 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1719 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1720 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1721 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1722 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1723 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1724 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1725 <reboot into current>
1726 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1727 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1731 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1732 ----------------------------------------------
1733 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1735 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1737 <reboot in single user> [3]
1744 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1745 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1746 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1747 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1748 the UPDATING entries.
1750 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1751 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1752 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1753 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1754 much fewer pitfalls.
1756 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1757 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1760 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1765 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1766 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1767 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1769 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1770 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1771 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1772 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1773 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1774 for potential gotchas.
1776 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1777 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1778 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1779 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1780 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1781 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1783 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1784 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1785 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1787 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1788 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1789 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1790 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1791 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1793 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1794 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1796 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1797 cvs prune empty directories.
1799 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1800 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1801 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1803 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1804 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1805 warn if it is improperly defined.
1808 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1809 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1810 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1811 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1812 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1814 Copyright information:
1816 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1818 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1819 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1820 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1822 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1823 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1824 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1825 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1826 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1827 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1828 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1829 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1830 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1831 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1832 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1834 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1837 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of