3 BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the
4 underlying BIND architecture. Some of the important features of
9 TSIG (signed DNS requests)
12 Answers DNS queries on IPv6 sockets
13 IPv6 resource records (AAAA)
14 Experimental IPv6 Resolver Library
16 - DNS Protocol Enhancements
17 IXFR, DDNS, Notify, EDNS0
18 Improved standards conformance
21 One server process can provide multiple "views" of
22 the DNS namespace, e.g. an "inside" view to certain
23 clients, and an "outside" view to others.
25 - Multiprocessor Support
27 - Improved Portability Architecture
30 BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following
33 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
35 Compaq Computer Corporation
37 Process Software Corporation
38 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
39 Network Associates, Inc.
40 U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
42 Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
45 For a summary of functional enhancements in previous
46 releases, see the HISTORY file.
48 For a detailed list of user-visible changes from
49 previous releases, see the CHANGES file.
51 For up-to-date release notes and errata, see
52 http://www.isc.org/software/bind9/releasenotes
56 BIND 9.9.8-P4 is a security release addressing the flaws
57 described in CVE-2016-1285 and CVE-2016-1286.
61 BIND 9.9.8-P3 is a security release addressing the flaw described in
62 CVE-2015-8704. It also fixes a serious regression in authoritative
63 server selection that was introduced in 9.9.8.
67 BIND 9.9.8-P2 is a security release addressing the flaws
68 described in CVE-2015-3193 (OpenSSL), CVE-2015-8000 and
73 BIND 9.9.8-P1 was incomplete and was withdrawn prior to
78 BIND 9.9.8 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
79 found in BIND 9.9.7 and earlier, as well as the security
80 flaws described in CVE-2015-4620, CVE-2015-5477,
81 CVE-2015-5722, and CVE-2015-5986.
83 It also makes the following new features available via a
86 - New "fetchlimit" quotas are now available for the use of
87 recursive resolvers that are are under high query load for
88 domains whose authoritative servers are nonresponsive or are
89 experiencing a denial of service attack.
91 + "fetches-per-server" limits the number of simultaneous queries
92 that can be sent to any single authoritative server. The
93 configured value is a starting point; it is automatically
94 adjusted downward if the server is partially or completely
95 non-responsive. The algorithm used to adjust the quota can be
96 configured via the "fetch-quota-params" option.
97 + "fetches-per-zone" limits the number of simultaneous queries
98 that can be sent for names within a single domain. (Note:
99 Unlike "fetches-per-server", this value is not self-tuning.)
100 + New stats counters have been added to count
101 queries spilled due to these quotas.
103 NOTE: These options are NOT built in by default; use
104 "configure --enable-fetchlimit" to enable them.
108 BIND 9.9.7 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
109 found in BIND 9.9.6 and earlier, as well as the security
110 flaws described in CVE-2014-8500 and CVE-2015-1349.
114 BIND 9.9.6 is a maintenance release, and also includes
115 the following new functionality.
117 - The former behavior with respect to capitalization of names
118 (prior to BIND 9.9.5) can be restored for specific clients via
119 the new "no-case-compress" ACL.
123 BIND 9.9.5 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
124 flaws described in CVE-2013-6320 and CVE-2014-0591. It also
125 includes the following functional enhancements:
127 - "named" now preserves the capitalization of names when
128 responding to queries.
129 - new "dnssec-importkey" command allows the use of offline
130 DNSSEC keys with automatic DNSKEY management.
131 - When re-signing a zone, the new "dnssec-signzone -Q" option
132 drops signatures from keys that are still published but are
134 - "named-checkconf -px" will print the contents of configuration
135 files with the shared secrets obscured, making it easier to
136 share configuration (e.g. when submitting a bug report)
137 without revealing private information.
141 BIND 9.9.4 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
142 flaws described in CVE-2013-3919 and CVE-2013-4854. It also
143 introduces DNS Response Rate Limiting (DNS RRL) as a
144 compile-time option. To use this feature, configure with
145 the "--enable-rrl" option.
149 BIND 9.9.3 is a maintenance release and patches the security
150 flaws described in CVE-2012-5688, CVE-2012-5689 and CVE-2013-2266.
154 BIND 9.9.2 is a maintenance release and patches the security
155 flaw described in CVE-2012-4244.
159 BIND 9.9.1 is a maintenance release.
163 BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
164 releases. New features include:
166 - Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
167 master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
168 "bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
169 - NXDOMAIN redirection.
170 - New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
171 name from the DNS cache.
172 - New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
173 zone to disk without a freeze/thaw cycle.
174 - New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
175 records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
176 - NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
177 to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
178 - Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
179 - Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
180 - Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
181 - Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
182 to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
183 - The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
184 'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
185 - 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
186 data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
187 - 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
188 not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
189 - 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
190 be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
191 - New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
192 dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
193 - dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
194 to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
195 - RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
197 - Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
198 number to the current UNIX time.
199 - DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
201 - 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
202 - 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
203 indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
204 - Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support
208 BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler,
209 basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.
211 We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:
213 COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5.1B
215 FreeBSD 4.10, 5.2.1, 6.2
218 NetBSD 3.x, 4.0-beta, 5.0-beta
220 Solaris 8, 9, 9 (x86), 10
224 NOTE: As of BIND 9.5.1, 9.4.3, and 9.3.6, older versions of
225 Windows, including Windows NT and Windows 2000, are no longer
228 We have recent reports from the user community that a supported
229 version of BIND will build and run on the following systems:
238 MacOS X 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
239 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, 5, 6
249 Do not use a parallel "make".
251 Several environment variables that can be set before running
252 configure will affect compilation:
255 The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure
256 out the right one for supported systems.
259 C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2
260 as supported by the compiler. Please include '-g'
261 if you need to set CFLAGS.
264 System header file directories. Can be used to specify
265 where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
266 Defaults to empty string.
269 Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
270 Defaults to empty string.
273 Change the default syslog facility of named/lwresd.
274 -DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0
275 Enable DNSSEC signature chasing support in dig.
276 -DDIG_SIGCHASE=1 (sets -DDIG_SIGCHASE_TD=1 and
278 Disable dropping queries from particular well known ports.
279 -DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0
280 Sibling glue checking in named-checkzone is enabled by default.
281 To disable the default check set. -DCHECK_SIBLING=0
282 named-checkzone checks out-of-zone addresses by default.
283 To disable this default set. -DCHECK_LOCAL=0
284 To create the default pid files in ${localstatedir}/run rather
285 than ${localstatedir}/run/{named,lwresd}/ set.
287 Enable workaround for Solaris kernel bug about /dev/poll
288 -DISC_SOCKET_USE_POLLWATCH=1
289 The watch timeout is also configurable, e.g.,
290 -DISC_SOCKET_POLLWATCH_TIMEOUT=20
293 Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.
295 The following need to be set when cross compiling.
298 The native C compiler.
299 BUILD_CFLAGS (optional)
300 BUILD_CPPFLAGS (optional)
302 -DNEED_OPTARG=1 (optarg is not declared in <unistd.h>)
303 BUILD_LDFLAGS (optional)
304 BUILD_LIBS (optional)
306 To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the
307 configure command line.
309 For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it
310 with crypto support. You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a
311 or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the
312 configure command line. If OpenSSL is installed under
313 a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to
314 look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".
316 On some platforms it is necessary to explictly request large
317 file support to handle files bigger than 2GB. This can be
318 done by "--enable-largefile" on the configure command line.
320 On some platforms, BIND 9 can be built with multithreading
321 support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
322 You can specify whether to build a multithreaded BIND 9
323 by specifying "--enable-threads" or "--disable-threads"
324 on the configure command line. The default is operating
327 Support for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled
328 or disabled by specifying "--enable-fixed-rrset" or
329 "--disable-fixed-rrset" on the configure command line.
330 The default is "disabled", to reduce memory footprint.
332 If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it
333 will be used automatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6
334 separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.
336 "make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries.
337 By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed
338 with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".
340 You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory
341 where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default,
342 and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory
343 of "run/named.pid". For backwards compatibility with BIND 8,
344 --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to
345 "/var" if no --prefix option is given. If there is a --prefix
346 option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir
347 defaults to "$prefix/var".
349 To see additional configure options, run "configure --help".
350 Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8
351 compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.
353 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you
354 should also "make depend". If you're using Emacs, you might find
357 If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first.
358 This will ensure that all the option changes take.
360 Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual
361 compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).
363 Known compiler issues:
364 * gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86.
365 * gcc prior to gcc-3.2.3 ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
366 * gcc-3.3.5 powerpc generates incorrect code at -02.
367 * Irix, MipsPRO 7.4.1m is known to cause problems.
369 A limited test suite can be run with "make test". Many of
370 the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses
371 on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README
374 SunOS 4 requires "printf" to be installed to make the shared
375 libraries. sh-utils-1.16 provides a "printf" which compiles
380 Linux requires kernel build 2.6.39 or later to get the
381 performance benefits from using multiple sockets.
385 The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the
386 source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the
389 Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages
390 in their directories. In particular, the command line
391 options of "named" are documented in /bin/named/named.8.
392 There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.
394 If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration
395 notes in doc/misc/migration. If you are upgrading from
396 BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.
398 Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in
401 Additional information on various subjects can be found
402 in the other README files.
407 A detailed list of all changes to BIND 9 is included in the
408 file CHANGES, with the most recent changes listed first.
409 Change notes include tags indicating the category of the
410 change that was made; these categories are:
414 [bug] General bug fix
416 [security] Fix for a significant security flaw
418 [experimental] Used for new features when the syntax
419 or other aspects of the design are still
420 in flux and may change
422 [port] Portability enhancement
424 [maint] Updates to built-in data such as root
425 server addresses and keys
427 [tuning] Changes to built-in configuration defaults
428 and constants to improve performanceo
430 [protocol] Updates to the DNS protocol such as new
433 [test] Changes to the automatic tests, not
434 affecting server functionality
436 [cleanup] Minor corrections and refactoring
440 [contrib] Changes to the contributed tools and
441 libraries in the 'contrib' subdirectory
443 [placeholder] Used in the master development branch to
444 reserve change numbers for use in other
445 branches, e.g. when fixing a bug that only
446 exists in older releases
448 In general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear
449 in new-feature releases (i.e., those with version numbers
450 ending in zero). Some new functionality may be backported to
451 older releases on a case-by-case basis. All other change
452 types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.
455 Bug Reports and Mailing Lists
457 Bug reports should be sent to:
461 Feature requests can be sent to:
465 To join or view the archives of the BIND Users mailing list,
468 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-users
470 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source
471 code, you may also want to join the BIND Workers mailing
474 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-workers
476 Information on read-only Git access, coding style and developer
477 guidelines can be found at:
479 http://www.isc.org/git/