3 BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the
4 underlying BIND architecture. Some of the important features of
9 TSIG (signed DNS requests)
12 Answers DNS queries on IPv6 sockets
13 IPv6 resource records (AAAA)
14 Experimental IPv6 Resolver Library
16 - DNS Protocol Enhancements
17 IXFR, DDNS, Notify, EDNS0
18 Improved standards conformance
21 One server process can provide multiple "views" of
22 the DNS namespace, e.g. an "inside" view to certain
23 clients, and an "outside" view to others.
25 - Multiprocessor Support
27 - Improved Portability Architecture
30 BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following
33 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
35 Compaq Computer Corporation
37 Process Software Corporation
38 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
39 Network Associates, Inc.
40 U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
42 Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
45 For a summary of functional enhancements in previous
46 releases, see the HISTORY file.
48 For a detailed list of user-visible changes from
49 previous releases, see the CHANGES file.
51 For up-to-date release notes and errata, see
52 http://www.isc.org/software/bind9/releasenotes
56 This version contains a fix for CVE-2016-8864.
60 This version contains a fix for CVE-2016-2776.
64 This version contains a fix for CVE-2016-2775 and addresses
65 two regressions introduced with BIND 9.9.9.
69 This version contains two urgent fixes to BIND 9.9.9:
70 1) Windows installation was failing without manual updating
71 of BINDinstall's attributes.
72 2) A race condition was causing instability in the rbt
77 BIND 9.9.9 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs found
78 in BIND 9.9.8 and earlier, as well as the security flaws
79 described in CVE-2015-8000, CVE-2015-8461, CVE-2015-8704,
80 CVE-2016-1285, and CVE-2016-1286.
84 BIND 9.9.8 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
85 found in BIND 9.9.7 and earlier, as well as the security
86 flaws described in CVE-2015-4620, CVE-2015-5477,
87 CVE-2015-5722, and CVE-2015-5986.
89 It also makes the following new features available via a
92 - New "fetchlimit" quotas are now available for the use of
93 recursive resolvers that are are under high query load for
94 domains whose authoritative servers are nonresponsive or are
95 experiencing a denial of service attack.
97 + "fetches-per-server" limits the number of simultaneous queries
98 that can be sent to any single authoritative server. The
99 configured value is a starting point; it is automatically
100 adjusted downward if the server is partially or completely
101 non-responsive. The algorithm used to adjust the quota can be
102 configured via the "fetch-quota-params" option.
103 + "fetches-per-zone" limits the number of simultaneous queries
104 that can be sent for names within a single domain. (Note:
105 Unlike "fetches-per-server", this value is not self-tuning.)
106 + New stats counters have been added to count
107 queries spilled due to these quotas.
109 NOTE: These options are NOT built in by default; use
110 "configure --enable-fetchlimit" to enable them.
114 BIND 9.9.7 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
115 found in BIND 9.9.6 and earlier, as well as the security
116 flaws described in CVE-2014-8500 and CVE-2015-1349.
120 BIND 9.9.6 is a maintenance release, and also includes
121 the following new functionality.
123 - The former behavior with respect to capitalization of names
124 (prior to BIND 9.9.5) can be restored for specific clients via
125 the new "no-case-compress" ACL.
129 BIND 9.9.5 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
130 flaws described in CVE-2013-6320 and CVE-2014-0591. It also
131 includes the following functional enhancements:
133 - "named" now preserves the capitalization of names when
134 responding to queries.
135 - new "dnssec-importkey" command allows the use of offline
136 DNSSEC keys with automatic DNSKEY management.
137 - When re-signing a zone, the new "dnssec-signzone -Q" option
138 drops signatures from keys that are still published but are
140 - "named-checkconf -px" will print the contents of configuration
141 files with the shared secrets obscured, making it easier to
142 share configuration (e.g. when submitting a bug report)
143 without revealing private information.
147 BIND 9.9.4 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
148 flaws described in CVE-2013-3919 and CVE-2013-4854. It also
149 introduces DNS Response Rate Limiting (DNS RRL) as a
150 compile-time option. To use this feature, configure with
151 the "--enable-rrl" option.
155 BIND 9.9.3 is a maintenance release and patches the security
156 flaws described in CVE-2012-5688, CVE-2012-5689 and CVE-2013-2266.
160 BIND 9.9.2 is a maintenance release and patches the security
161 flaw described in CVE-2012-4244.
165 BIND 9.9.1 is a maintenance release.
169 BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
170 releases. New features include:
172 - Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
173 master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
174 "bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
175 - NXDOMAIN redirection.
176 - New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
177 name from the DNS cache.
178 - New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
179 zone to disk without a freeze/thaw cycle.
180 - New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
181 records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
182 - NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
183 to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
184 - Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
185 - Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
186 - Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
187 - Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
188 to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
189 - The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
190 'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
191 - 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
192 data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
193 - 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
194 not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
195 - 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
196 be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
197 - New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
198 dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
199 - dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
200 to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
201 - RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
203 - Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
204 number to the current UNIX time.
205 - DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
207 - 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
208 - 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
209 indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
210 - Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support
214 BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler,
215 basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.
217 We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:
219 COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5.1B
221 FreeBSD 4.10, 5.2.1, 6.2
224 NetBSD 3.x, 4.0-beta, 5.0-beta
226 Solaris 8, 9, 9 (x86), 10
230 NOTE: As of BIND 9.5.1, 9.4.3, and 9.3.6, older versions of
231 Windows, including Windows NT and Windows 2000, are no longer
234 We have recent reports from the user community that a supported
235 version of BIND will build and run on the following systems:
244 MacOS X 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
245 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, 5, 6
255 Do not use a parallel "make".
257 Several environment variables that can be set before running
258 configure will affect compilation:
261 The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure
262 out the right one for supported systems.
265 C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2
266 as supported by the compiler. Please include '-g'
267 if you need to set CFLAGS.
270 System header file directories. Can be used to specify
271 where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
272 Defaults to empty string.
275 Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
276 Defaults to empty string.
279 Change the default syslog facility of named/lwresd.
280 -DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0
281 Enable DNSSEC signature chasing support in dig.
282 -DDIG_SIGCHASE=1 (sets -DDIG_SIGCHASE_TD=1 and
284 Disable dropping queries from particular well known ports.
285 -DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0
286 Sibling glue checking in named-checkzone is enabled by default.
287 To disable the default check set. -DCHECK_SIBLING=0
288 named-checkzone checks out-of-zone addresses by default.
289 To disable this default set. -DCHECK_LOCAL=0
290 To create the default pid files in ${localstatedir}/run rather
291 than ${localstatedir}/run/{named,lwresd}/ set.
293 Enable workaround for Solaris kernel bug about /dev/poll
294 -DISC_SOCKET_USE_POLLWATCH=1
295 The watch timeout is also configurable, e.g.,
296 -DISC_SOCKET_POLLWATCH_TIMEOUT=20
299 Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.
301 The following need to be set when cross compiling.
304 The native C compiler.
305 BUILD_CFLAGS (optional)
306 BUILD_CPPFLAGS (optional)
308 -DNEED_OPTARG=1 (optarg is not declared in <unistd.h>)
309 BUILD_LDFLAGS (optional)
310 BUILD_LIBS (optional)
312 To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the
313 configure command line.
315 For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it
316 with crypto support. You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a
317 or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the
318 configure command line. If OpenSSL is installed under
319 a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to
320 look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".
322 On some platforms it is necessary to explicitly request large
323 file support to handle files bigger than 2GB. This can be
324 done by "--enable-largefile" on the configure command line.
326 On some platforms, BIND 9 can be built with multithreading
327 support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
328 You can specify whether to build a multithreaded BIND 9
329 by specifying "--enable-threads" or "--disable-threads"
330 on the configure command line. The default is operating
333 Support for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled
334 or disabled by specifying "--enable-fixed-rrset" or
335 "--disable-fixed-rrset" on the configure command line.
336 The default is "disabled", to reduce memory footprint.
338 If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it
339 will be used automatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6
340 separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.
342 "make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries.
343 By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed
344 with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".
346 You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory
347 where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default,
348 and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory
349 of "run/named.pid". For backwards compatibility with BIND 8,
350 --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to
351 "/var" if no --prefix option is given. If there is a --prefix
352 option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir
353 defaults to "$prefix/var".
355 To see additional configure options, run "configure --help".
356 Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8
357 compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.
359 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you
360 should also "make depend". If you're using Emacs, you might find
363 If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first.
364 This will ensure that all the option changes take.
366 Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual
367 compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).
369 Known compiler issues:
370 * gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86.
371 * gcc prior to gcc-3.2.3 ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
372 * gcc-3.3.5 powerpc generates incorrect code at -02.
373 * Irix, MipsPRO 7.4.1m is known to cause problems.
375 A limited test suite can be run with "make test". Many of
376 the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses
377 on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README
380 SunOS 4 requires "printf" to be installed to make the shared
381 libraries. sh-utils-1.16 provides a "printf" which compiles
386 Linux requires kernel build 2.6.39 or later to get the
387 performance benefits from using multiple sockets.
391 The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the
392 source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the
395 Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages
396 in their directories. In particular, the command line
397 options of "named" are documented in /bin/named/named.8.
398 There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.
400 If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration
401 notes in doc/misc/migration. If you are upgrading from
402 BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.
404 Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in
407 Additional information on various subjects can be found
408 in the other README files.
413 A detailed list of all changes to BIND 9 is included in the
414 file CHANGES, with the most recent changes listed first.
415 Change notes include tags indicating the category of the
416 change that was made; these categories are:
420 [bug] General bug fix
422 [security] Fix for a significant security flaw
424 [experimental] Used for new features when the syntax
425 or other aspects of the design are still
426 in flux and may change
428 [port] Portability enhancement
430 [maint] Updates to built-in data such as root
431 server addresses and keys
433 [tuning] Changes to built-in configuration defaults
434 and constants to improve performance
436 [performance] Other changes to improve server performance
438 [protocol] Updates to the DNS protocol such as new
441 [test] Changes to the automatic tests, not
442 affecting server functionality
444 [cleanup] Minor corrections and refactoring
448 [contrib] Changes to the contributed tools and
449 libraries in the 'contrib' subdirectory
451 [placeholder] Used in the master development branch to
452 reserve change numbers for use in other
453 branches, e.g. when fixing a bug that only
454 exists in older releases
456 In general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear
457 in new-feature releases (i.e., those with version numbers
458 ending in zero). Some new functionality may be backported to
459 older releases on a case-by-case basis. All other change
460 types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.
463 Bug Reports and Mailing Lists
465 Bug reports should be sent to:
469 Feature requests can be sent to:
473 To join or view the archives of the BIND Users mailing list,
476 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-users
478 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source
479 code, you may also want to join the BIND Workers mailing
482 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-workers
484 Information on read-only Git access, coding style and developer
485 guidelines can be found at:
487 http://www.isc.org/git/