3 BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the
4 underlying BIND architecture. Some of the important features of
9 TSIG (signed DNS requests)
12 Answers DNS queries on IPv6 sockets
13 IPv6 resource records (AAAA)
14 Experimental IPv6 Resolver Library
16 - DNS Protocol Enhancements
17 IXFR, DDNS, Notify, EDNS0
18 Improved standards conformance
21 One server process can provide multiple "views" of
22 the DNS namespace, e.g. an "inside" view to certain
23 clients, and an "outside" view to others.
25 - Multiprocessor Support
27 - Improved Portability Architecture
30 BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following
33 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
35 Compaq Computer Corporation
37 Process Software Corporation
38 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
39 Network Associates, Inc.
40 U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
42 Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
45 For a summary of functional enhancements in previous
46 releases, see the HISTORY file.
48 For a detailed list of user-visible changes from
49 previous releases, see the CHANGES file.
51 For up-to-date release notes and errata, see
52 http://www.isc.org/software/bind9/releasenotes
56 BIND 9.9.8-P3 is a security release addressing the flaw described in
57 CVE-2015-8704. It also fixes a serious regression in authoritative
58 server selection that was introduced in 9.9.8.
62 BIND 9.9.8-P2 is a security release addressing the flaws
63 described in CVE-2015-3193 (OpenSSL), CVE-2015-8000 and
68 BIND 9.9.8-P1 was incomplete and was withdrawn prior to
73 BIND 9.9.8 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
74 found in BIND 9.9.7 and earlier, as well as the security
75 flaws described in CVE-2015-4620, CVE-2015-5477,
76 CVE-2015-5722, and CVE-2015-5986.
78 It also makes the following new features available via a
81 - New "fetchlimit" quotas are now available for the use of
82 recursive resolvers that are are under high query load for
83 domains whose authoritative servers are nonresponsive or are
84 experiencing a denial of service attack.
86 + "fetches-per-server" limits the number of simultaneous queries
87 that can be sent to any single authoritative server. The
88 configured value is a starting point; it is automatically
89 adjusted downward if the server is partially or completely
90 non-responsive. The algorithm used to adjust the quota can be
91 configured via the "fetch-quota-params" option.
92 + "fetches-per-zone" limits the number of simultaneous queries
93 that can be sent for names within a single domain. (Note:
94 Unlike "fetches-per-server", this value is not self-tuning.)
95 + New stats counters have been added to count
96 queries spilled due to these quotas.
98 NOTE: These options are NOT built in by default; use
99 "configure --enable-fetchlimit" to enable them.
103 BIND 9.9.7 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
104 found in BIND 9.9.6 and earlier, as well as the security
105 flaws described in CVE-2014-8500 and CVE-2015-1349.
109 BIND 9.9.6 is a maintenance release, and also includes
110 the following new functionality.
112 - The former behavior with respect to capitalization of names
113 (prior to BIND 9.9.5) can be restored for specific clients via
114 the new "no-case-compress" ACL.
118 BIND 9.9.5 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
119 flaws described in CVE-2013-6320 and CVE-2014-0591. It also
120 includes the following functional enhancements:
122 - "named" now preserves the capitalization of names when
123 responding to queries.
124 - new "dnssec-importkey" command allows the use of offline
125 DNSSEC keys with automatic DNSKEY management.
126 - When re-signing a zone, the new "dnssec-signzone -Q" option
127 drops signatures from keys that are still published but are
129 - "named-checkconf -px" will print the contents of configuration
130 files with the shared secrets obscured, making it easier to
131 share configuration (e.g. when submitting a bug report)
132 without revealing private information.
136 BIND 9.9.4 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
137 flaws described in CVE-2013-3919 and CVE-2013-4854. It also
138 introduces DNS Response Rate Limiting (DNS RRL) as a
139 compile-time option. To use this feature, configure with
140 the "--enable-rrl" option.
144 BIND 9.9.3 is a maintenance release and patches the security
145 flaws described in CVE-2012-5688, CVE-2012-5689 and CVE-2013-2266.
149 BIND 9.9.2 is a maintenance release and patches the security
150 flaw described in CVE-2012-4244.
154 BIND 9.9.1 is a maintenance release.
158 BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
159 releases. New features include:
161 - Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
162 master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
163 "bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
164 - NXDOMAIN redirection.
165 - New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
166 name from the DNS cache.
167 - New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
168 zone to disk without a freeze/thaw cycle.
169 - New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
170 records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
171 - NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
172 to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
173 - Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
174 - Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
175 - Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
176 - Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
177 to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
178 - The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
179 'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
180 - 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
181 data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
182 - 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
183 not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
184 - 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
185 be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
186 - New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
187 dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
188 - dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
189 to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
190 - RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
192 - Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
193 number to the current UNIX time.
194 - DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
196 - 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
197 - 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
198 indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
199 - Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support
203 BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler,
204 basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.
206 We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:
208 COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5.1B
210 FreeBSD 4.10, 5.2.1, 6.2
213 NetBSD 3.x, 4.0-beta, 5.0-beta
215 Solaris 8, 9, 9 (x86), 10
219 NOTE: As of BIND 9.5.1, 9.4.3, and 9.3.6, older versions of
220 Windows, including Windows NT and Windows 2000, are no longer
223 We have recent reports from the user community that a supported
224 version of BIND will build and run on the following systems:
233 MacOS X 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
234 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, 5, 6
244 Do not use a parallel "make".
246 Several environment variables that can be set before running
247 configure will affect compilation:
250 The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure
251 out the right one for supported systems.
254 C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2
255 as supported by the compiler. Please include '-g'
256 if you need to set CFLAGS.
259 System header file directories. Can be used to specify
260 where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
261 Defaults to empty string.
264 Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
265 Defaults to empty string.
268 Change the default syslog facility of named/lwresd.
269 -DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0
270 Enable DNSSEC signature chasing support in dig.
271 -DDIG_SIGCHASE=1 (sets -DDIG_SIGCHASE_TD=1 and
273 Disable dropping queries from particular well known ports.
274 -DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0
275 Sibling glue checking in named-checkzone is enabled by default.
276 To disable the default check set. -DCHECK_SIBLING=0
277 named-checkzone checks out-of-zone addresses by default.
278 To disable this default set. -DCHECK_LOCAL=0
279 To create the default pid files in ${localstatedir}/run rather
280 than ${localstatedir}/run/{named,lwresd}/ set.
282 Enable workaround for Solaris kernel bug about /dev/poll
283 -DISC_SOCKET_USE_POLLWATCH=1
284 The watch timeout is also configurable, e.g.,
285 -DISC_SOCKET_POLLWATCH_TIMEOUT=20
288 Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.
290 The following need to be set when cross compiling.
293 The native C compiler.
294 BUILD_CFLAGS (optional)
295 BUILD_CPPFLAGS (optional)
297 -DNEED_OPTARG=1 (optarg is not declared in <unistd.h>)
298 BUILD_LDFLAGS (optional)
299 BUILD_LIBS (optional)
301 To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the
302 configure command line.
304 For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it
305 with crypto support. You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a
306 or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the
307 configure command line. If OpenSSL is installed under
308 a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to
309 look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".
311 On some platforms it is necessary to explictly request large
312 file support to handle files bigger than 2GB. This can be
313 done by "--enable-largefile" on the configure command line.
315 On some platforms, BIND 9 can be built with multithreading
316 support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
317 You can specify whether to build a multithreaded BIND 9
318 by specifying "--enable-threads" or "--disable-threads"
319 on the configure command line. The default is operating
322 Support for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled
323 or disabled by specifying "--enable-fixed-rrset" or
324 "--disable-fixed-rrset" on the configure command line.
325 The default is "disabled", to reduce memory footprint.
327 If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it
328 will be used automatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6
329 separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.
331 "make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries.
332 By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed
333 with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".
335 You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory
336 where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default,
337 and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory
338 of "run/named.pid". For backwards compatibility with BIND 8,
339 --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to
340 "/var" if no --prefix option is given. If there is a --prefix
341 option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir
342 defaults to "$prefix/var".
344 To see additional configure options, run "configure --help".
345 Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8
346 compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.
348 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you
349 should also "make depend". If you're using Emacs, you might find
352 If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first.
353 This will ensure that all the option changes take.
355 Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual
356 compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).
358 Known compiler issues:
359 * gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86.
360 * gcc prior to gcc-3.2.3 ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
361 * gcc-3.3.5 powerpc generates incorrect code at -02.
362 * Irix, MipsPRO 7.4.1m is known to cause problems.
364 A limited test suite can be run with "make test". Many of
365 the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses
366 on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README
369 SunOS 4 requires "printf" to be installed to make the shared
370 libraries. sh-utils-1.16 provides a "printf" which compiles
375 Linux requires kernel build 2.6.39 or later to get the
376 performance benefits from using multiple sockets.
380 The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the
381 source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the
384 Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages
385 in their directories. In particular, the command line
386 options of "named" are documented in /bin/named/named.8.
387 There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.
389 If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration
390 notes in doc/misc/migration. If you are upgrading from
391 BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.
393 Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in
396 Additional information on various subjects can be found
397 in the other README files.
402 A detailed list of all changes to BIND 9 is included in the
403 file CHANGES, with the most recent changes listed first.
404 Change notes include tags indicating the category of the
405 change that was made; these categories are:
409 [bug] General bug fix
411 [security] Fix for a significant security flaw
413 [experimental] Used for new features when the syntax
414 or other aspects of the design are still
415 in flux and may change
417 [port] Portability enhancement
419 [maint] Updates to built-in data such as root
420 server addresses and keys
422 [tuning] Changes to built-in configuration defaults
423 and constants to improve performanceo
425 [protocol] Updates to the DNS protocol such as new
428 [test] Changes to the automatic tests, not
429 affecting server functionality
431 [cleanup] Minor corrections and refactoring
435 [contrib] Changes to the contributed tools and
436 libraries in the 'contrib' subdirectory
438 [placeholder] Used in the master development branch to
439 reserve change numbers for use in other
440 branches, e.g. when fixing a bug that only
441 exists in older releases
443 In general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear
444 in new-feature releases (i.e., those with version numbers
445 ending in zero). Some new functionality may be backported to
446 older releases on a case-by-case basis. All other change
447 types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.
450 Bug Reports and Mailing Lists
452 Bug reports should be sent to:
456 Feature requests can be sent to:
460 To join or view the archives of the BIND Users mailing list,
463 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-users
465 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source
466 code, you may also want to join the BIND Workers mailing
469 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-workers
471 Information on read-only Git access, coding style and developer
472 guidelines can be found at:
474 http://www.isc.org/git/