3 BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the
4 underlying BIND architecture. Some of the important features of
9 TSIG (signed DNS requests)
12 Answers DNS queries on IPv6 sockets
13 IPv6 resource records (AAAA)
14 Experimental IPv6 Resolver Library
16 - DNS Protocol Enhancements
17 IXFR, DDNS, Notify, EDNS0
18 Improved standards conformance
21 One server process can provide multiple "views" of
22 the DNS namespace, e.g. an "inside" view to certain
23 clients, and an "outside" view to others.
25 - Multiprocessor Support
27 - Improved Portability Architecture
30 BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following
33 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
35 Compaq Computer Corporation
37 Process Software Corporation
38 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
39 Network Associates, Inc.
40 U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
42 Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
45 For a summary of functional enhancements in previous
46 releases, see the HISTORY file.
48 For a detailed list of user-visible changes from
49 previous releases, see the CHANGES file.
51 For up-to-date release notes and errata, see
52 http://www.isc.org/software/bind9/releasenotes
56 BIND 9.9.8 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
57 found in BIND 9.9.7 and earlier, as well as the security
58 flaws described in CVE-2015-4620, CVE-2015-5477,
59 CVE-2015-5722, and CVE-2015-5986.
61 It also makes the following new features available via a
64 - New "fetchlimit" quotas are now available for the use of
65 recursive resolvers that are are under high query load for
66 domains whose authoritative servers are nonresponsive or are
67 experiencing a denial of service attack.
69 + "fetches-per-server" limits the number of simultaneous queries
70 that can be sent to any single authoritative server. The
71 configured value is a starting point; it is automatically
72 adjusted downward if the server is partially or completely
73 non-responsive. The algorithm used to adjust the quota can be
74 configured via the "fetch-quota-params" option.
75 + "fetches-per-zone" limits the number of simultaneous queries
76 that can be sent for names within a single domain. (Note:
77 Unlike "fetches-per-server", this value is not self-tuning.)
78 + New stats counters have been added to count
79 queries spilled due to these quotas.
81 NOTE: These options are NOT built in by default; use
82 "configure --enable-fetchlimit" to enable them.
86 BIND 9.9.7 is a maintenance release and addresses bugs
87 found in BIND 9.9.6 and earlier, as well as the security
88 flaws described in CVE-2014-8500 and CVE-2015-1349.
92 BIND 9.9.6 is a maintenance release, and also includes
93 the following new functionality.
95 - The former behavior with respect to capitalization of names
96 (prior to BIND 9.9.5) can be restored for specific clients via
97 the new "no-case-compress" ACL.
101 BIND 9.9.5 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
102 flaws described in CVE-2013-6320 and CVE-2014-0591. It also
103 includes the following functional enhancements:
105 - "named" now preserves the capitalization of names when
106 responding to queries.
107 - new "dnssec-importkey" command allows the use of offline
108 DNSSEC keys with automatic DNSKEY management.
109 - When re-signing a zone, the new "dnssec-signzone -Q" option
110 drops signatures from keys that are still published but are
112 - "named-checkconf -px" will print the contents of configuration
113 files with the shared secrets obscured, making it easier to
114 share configuration (e.g. when submitting a bug report)
115 without revealing private information.
119 BIND 9.9.4 is a maintenance release, and patches the security
120 flaws described in CVE-2013-3919 and CVE-2013-4854. It also
121 introduces DNS Response Rate Limiting (DNS RRL) as a
122 compile-time option. To use this feature, configure with
123 the "--enable-rrl" option.
127 BIND 9.9.3 is a maintenance release and patches the security
128 flaws described in CVE-2012-5688, CVE-2012-5689 and CVE-2013-2266.
132 BIND 9.9.2 is a maintenance release and patches the security
133 flaw described in CVE-2012-4244.
137 BIND 9.9.1 is a maintenance release.
141 BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
142 releases. New features include:
144 - Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
145 master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
146 "bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
147 - NXDOMAIN redirection.
148 - New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
149 name from the DNS cache.
150 - New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
151 zone to disk without a freeze/thaw cycle.
152 - New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
153 records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
154 - NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
155 to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
156 - Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
157 - Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
158 - Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
159 - Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
160 to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
161 - The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
162 'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
163 - 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
164 data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
165 - 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
166 not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
167 - 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
168 be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
169 - New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
170 dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
171 - dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
172 to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
173 - RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
175 - Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
176 number to the current UNIX time.
177 - DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
179 - 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
180 - 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
181 indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
182 - Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support
186 BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler,
187 basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.
189 We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:
191 COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5.1B
193 FreeBSD 4.10, 5.2.1, 6.2
196 NetBSD 3.x, 4.0-beta, 5.0-beta
198 Solaris 8, 9, 9 (x86), 10
202 NOTE: As of BIND 9.5.1, 9.4.3, and 9.3.6, older versions of
203 Windows, including Windows NT and Windows 2000, are no longer
206 We have recent reports from the user community that a supported
207 version of BIND will build and run on the following systems:
216 MacOS X 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
217 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, 5, 6
227 Do not use a parallel "make".
229 Several environment variables that can be set before running
230 configure will affect compilation:
233 The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure
234 out the right one for supported systems.
237 C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2
238 as supported by the compiler. Please include '-g'
239 if you need to set CFLAGS.
242 System header file directories. Can be used to specify
243 where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
244 Defaults to empty string.
247 Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
248 Defaults to empty string.
251 Change the default syslog facility of named/lwresd.
252 -DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0
253 Enable DNSSEC signature chasing support in dig.
254 -DDIG_SIGCHASE=1 (sets -DDIG_SIGCHASE_TD=1 and
256 Disable dropping queries from particular well known ports.
257 -DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0
258 Sibling glue checking in named-checkzone is enabled by default.
259 To disable the default check set. -DCHECK_SIBLING=0
260 named-checkzone checks out-of-zone addresses by default.
261 To disable this default set. -DCHECK_LOCAL=0
262 To create the default pid files in ${localstatedir}/run rather
263 than ${localstatedir}/run/{named,lwresd}/ set.
265 Enable workaround for Solaris kernel bug about /dev/poll
266 -DISC_SOCKET_USE_POLLWATCH=1
267 The watch timeout is also configurable, e.g.,
268 -DISC_SOCKET_POLLWATCH_TIMEOUT=20
271 Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.
273 The following need to be set when cross compiling.
276 The native C compiler.
277 BUILD_CFLAGS (optional)
278 BUILD_CPPFLAGS (optional)
280 -DNEED_OPTARG=1 (optarg is not declared in <unistd.h>)
281 BUILD_LDFLAGS (optional)
282 BUILD_LIBS (optional)
284 To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the
285 configure command line.
287 For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it
288 with crypto support. You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a
289 or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the
290 configure command line. If OpenSSL is installed under
291 a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to
292 look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".
294 On some platforms it is necessary to explictly request large
295 file support to handle files bigger than 2GB. This can be
296 done by "--enable-largefile" on the configure command line.
298 On some platforms, BIND 9 can be built with multithreading
299 support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
300 You can specify whether to build a multithreaded BIND 9
301 by specifying "--enable-threads" or "--disable-threads"
302 on the configure command line. The default is operating
305 Support for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled
306 or disabled by specifying "--enable-fixed-rrset" or
307 "--disable-fixed-rrset" on the configure command line.
308 The default is "disabled", to reduce memory footprint.
310 If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it
311 will be used automatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6
312 separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.
314 "make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries.
315 By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed
316 with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".
318 You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory
319 where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default,
320 and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory
321 of "run/named.pid". For backwards compatibility with BIND 8,
322 --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to
323 "/var" if no --prefix option is given. If there is a --prefix
324 option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir
325 defaults to "$prefix/var".
327 To see additional configure options, run "configure --help".
328 Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8
329 compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.
331 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you
332 should also "make depend". If you're using Emacs, you might find
335 If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first.
336 This will ensure that all the option changes take.
338 Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual
339 compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).
341 Known compiler issues:
342 * gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86.
343 * gcc prior to gcc-3.2.3 ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
344 * gcc-3.3.5 powerpc generates incorrect code at -02.
345 * Irix, MipsPRO 7.4.1m is known to cause problems.
347 A limited test suite can be run with "make test". Many of
348 the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses
349 on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README
352 SunOS 4 requires "printf" to be installed to make the shared
353 libraries. sh-utils-1.16 provides a "printf" which compiles
358 Linux requires kernel build 2.6.39 or later to get the
359 performance benefits from using multiple sockets.
363 The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the
364 source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the
367 Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages
368 in their directories. In particular, the command line
369 options of "named" are documented in /bin/named/named.8.
370 There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.
372 If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration
373 notes in doc/misc/migration. If you are upgrading from
374 BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.
376 Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in
379 Additional information on various subjects can be found
380 in the other README files.
385 A detailed list of all changes to BIND 9 is included in the
386 file CHANGES, with the most recent changes listed first.
387 Change notes include tags indicating the category of the
388 change that was made; these categories are:
392 [bug] General bug fix
394 [security] Fix for a significant security flaw
396 [experimental] Used for new features when the syntax
397 or other aspects of the design are still
398 in flux and may change
400 [port] Portability enhancement
402 [maint] Updates to built-in data such as root
403 server addresses and keys
405 [tuning] Changes to built-in configuration defaults
406 and constants to improve performanceo
408 [protocol] Updates to the DNS protocol such as new
411 [test] Changes to the automatic tests, not
412 affecting server functionality
414 [cleanup] Minor corrections and refactoring
418 [contrib] Changes to the contributed tools and
419 libraries in the 'contrib' subdirectory
421 [placeholder] Used in the master development branch to
422 reserve change numbers for use in other
423 branches, e.g. when fixing a bug that only
424 exists in older releases
426 In general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear
427 in new-feature releases (i.e., those with version numbers
428 ending in zero). Some new functionality may be backported to
429 older releases on a case-by-case basis. All other change
430 types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.
433 Bug Reports and Mailing Lists
435 Bug reports should be sent to:
439 Feature requests can be sent to:
443 To join or view the archives of the BIND Users mailing list,
446 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-users
448 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source
449 code, you may also want to join the BIND Workers mailing
452 https://lists.isc.org/mailman/listinfo/bind-workers
454 Information on read-only Git access, coding style and developer
455 guidelines can be found at:
457 http://www.isc.org/git/