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43 <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
44 <a name="Bv9ARM.ch10"></a>A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
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46 <p><a name="historical_dns_information"></a>
47 Although the "official" beginning of the Domain Name
48 System occurred in 1984 with the publication of RFC 920, the
49 core of the new system was described in 1983 in RFCs 882 and
50 883. From 1984 to 1987, the ARPAnet (the precursor to today's
51 Internet) became a testbed of experimentation for developing the
52 new naming/addressing scheme in a rapidly expanding,
53 operational network environment. New RFCs were written and
54 published in 1987 that modified the original documents to
55 incorporate improvements based on the working model. RFC 1034,
56 "Domain Names-Concepts and Facilities", and RFC 1035, "Domain
57 Names-Implementation and Specification" were published and
58 became the standards upon which all <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> implementations are
62 The first working domain name server, called "Jeeves", was
63 written in 1983-84 by Paul Mockapetris for operation on DEC
65 machines located at the University of Southern California's
67 Sciences Institute (USC-ISI) and SRI International's Network
69 Center (SRI-NIC). A <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> server for
70 Unix machines, the Berkeley Internet
71 Name Domain (<acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>) package, was
72 written soon after by a group of
73 graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley
75 a grant from the US Defense Advanced Research Projects
80 Versions of <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> through
81 4.8.3 were maintained by the Computer
82 Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley. Douglas Terry, Mark
83 Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou made up the initial <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>
84 project team. After that, additional work on the software package
85 was done by Ralph Campbell. Kevin Dunlap, a Digital Equipment
87 employee on loan to the CSRG, worked on <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> for 2 years, from 1985
88 to 1987. Many other people also contributed to <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development
89 during that time: Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot
91 Mike Muuss, Jim Bloom and Mike Schwartz. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> maintenance was subsequently
92 handled by Mike Karels and Øivind Kure.
95 <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions 4.9 and 4.9.1 were
96 released by Digital Equipment
97 Corporation (now Compaq Computer Corporation). Paul Vixie, then
98 a DEC employee, became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s
99 primary caretaker. He was assisted
100 by Phil Almquist, Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan
102 Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat
103 Baran, Anant Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe
104 Wolfhugel, and others.
107 In 1994, <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 4.9.2 was sponsored by
108 Vixie Enterprises. Paul
109 Vixie became <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym>'s principal
110 architect/programmer.
113 <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> versions from 4.9.3 onward
114 have been developed and maintained
115 by the Internet Systems Consortium and its predecessor,
116 the Internet Software Consortium, with support being provided
120 As co-architects/programmers, Bob Halley and
121 Paul Vixie released the first production-ready version of
122 <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> version 8 in May 1997.
125 BIND version 9 was released in September 2000 and is a
126 major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the underlying
130 BIND versions 4 and 8 are officially deprecated.
131 No additional development is done
132 on BIND version 4 or BIND version 8.
135 <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> development work is made
136 possible today by the sponsorship
137 of several corporations, and by the tireless work efforts of
138 numerous individuals.
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158 <p xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.9.9-P4 (Extended Support Version)</p>