2 - Copyright (C) 2004-2015 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
3 - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
5 - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
6 - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7 - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9 - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
10 - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
11 - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
12 - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
13 - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
14 - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
15 - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
20 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
22 <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1">
23 <link rel="start" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
24 <link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages">
25 <link rel="prev" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages">
26 <link rel="next" href="man.host.html" title="host">
28 <body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
29 <div class="navheader">
30 <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
31 <tr><th colspan="3" align="center">dig</th></tr>
33 <td width="20%" align="left">
34 <a accesskey="p" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">Prev</a> </td>
35 <th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</th>
36 <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="man.host.html">Next</a>
42 <div class="refentry" lang="en">
43 <a name="man.dig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
44 <div class="refnamediv">
46 <p>dig — DNS lookup utility</p>
48 <div class="refsynopsisdiv">
50 <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [@server] [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]name:key</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-4</code>] [<code class="option">-6</code>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</p></div>
51 <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [<code class="option">-h</code>]</p></div>
52 <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">dig</code> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</p></div>
54 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
55 <a name="id2612595"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
56 <p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
57 (domain information groper) is a flexible tool
58 for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
59 displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that
60 were queried. Most DNS administrators use <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> to
61 troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
62 clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
63 than <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>.
66 Although <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> is normally used with
68 arguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
69 requests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
70 and options is printed when the <code class="option">-h</code> option is given.
71 Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9 implementation of
72 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> allows multiple lookups to be issued
77 Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
78 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed in
79 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. If no usable server addresses
80 are found, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will send the query to the local
84 When no command line arguments or options are given,
85 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "." (the root).
88 It is possible to set per-user defaults for <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> via
89 <code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>. This file is read and
91 are applied before the command line arguments.
94 The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level
95 domain names. Either use the <code class="option">-t</code> and
96 <code class="option">-c</code> options to specify the type and class,
97 use the <code class="option">-q</code> the specify the domain name, or
98 use "IN." and "CH." when looking up these top level domains.
101 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
102 <a name="id2612834"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2>
104 A typical invocation of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> looks like:
106 <pre class="programlisting"> dig @server name type </pre>
111 <div class="variablelist"><dl>
112 <dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt>
115 is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This
116 can be an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
117 address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied
118 <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a hostname,
119 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> resolves that name before querying
123 If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is
124 provided, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> consults
125 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>; if an
126 address is found there, it queries the name server at
127 that address. If either of the <code class="option">-4</code> or
128 <code class="option">-6</code> options are in use, then
129 only addresses for the corresponding transport
130 will be tried. If no usable addresses are found,
131 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will send the query to the
132 local host. The reply from the name server that
133 responds is displayed.
136 <dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt>
138 is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.
140 <dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt>
142 indicates what type of query is required —
143 ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
144 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query
146 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied,
147 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an
154 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
155 <a name="id2613164"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
156 <div class="variablelist"><dl>
157 <dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt>
161 <dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt>
165 <dt><span class="term">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address[<span class="optional">#port</span>]</code></em></span></dt>
167 Set the source IP address of the query.
168 The <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em> must be a valid address on
169 one of the host's network interfaces, or "0.0.0.0" or "::". An
170 optional port may be specified by appending "#<port>"
172 <dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
174 Set the query class. The
175 default <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em> is IN; other classes
176 are HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records.
178 <dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>file</code></em></span></dt>
180 Batch mode: <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> reads a list of lookup
181 requests to process from the
182 given <em class="parameter"><code>file</code></em>. Each line in the file
183 should be organized in the same way they would be
184 presented as queries to
185 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
187 <dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt>
189 Do reverse IPv6 lookups using the obsolete RFC1886 IP6.INT
190 domain, which is no longer in use. Obsolete bit string
191 label queries (RFC2874) are not attempted.
193 <dt><span class="term">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>keyfile</code></em></span></dt>
195 Sign queries using TSIG using a key read from the given file.
196 Key files can be generated using
197 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">tsig-keygen</span>(8)</span>.
198 When using TSIG authentication with <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>,
199 the name server that is queried needs to know the key and
200 algorithm that is being used. In BIND, this is done by
201 providing appropriate <span><strong class="command">key</strong></span>
202 and <span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> statements in
203 <code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
205 <dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt>
207 Enable memory usage debugging.
210 <dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port</code></em></span></dt>
212 Send the query to a non-standard port on the server,
213 instead of the defaut port 53. This option would be used
214 to test a name server that has been configured to listen
215 for queries on a non-standard port number.
217 <dt><span class="term">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></span></dt>
219 The domain name to query. This is useful to distinguish
220 the <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> from other arguments.
222 <dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></span></dt>
224 The resource record type to query. It can be any valid query type
226 supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A", unless the
227 <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
228 A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
229 an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required, set the
230 <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> to <code class="literal">ixfr=N</code>.
231 The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes
232 made to the zone since the serial number in the zone's SOA
234 <em class="parameter"><code>N</code></em>.
236 <dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt>
238 Print the version number and exit.
240 <dt><span class="term">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></span></dt>
242 Simplified reverse lookups, for mapping addresses to
243 names. The <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is an IPv4 address
244 in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6
245 address. When the <code class="option">-x</code> is used, there is no
247 the <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>, <em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>
248 and <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>
249 arguments. <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> automatically performs a
250 lookup for a name like
251 <code class="literal">94.2.0.192.in-addr.arpa</code> and sets the
252 query type and class to PTR and IN respectively. IPv6
253 addresses are looked up using nibble format under the
254 IP6.ARPA domain (but see also the <code class="option">-i</code>
257 <dt><span class="term">-y <em class="replaceable"><code>[<span class="optional">hmac:</span>]keyname:secret</code></em></span></dt>
260 Sign queries using TSIG with the given authentication key.
261 <em class="parameter"><code>keyname</code></em> is the name of the key, and
262 <em class="parameter"><code>secret</code></em> is the base64 encoded shared secret.
263 <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em> is the name of the key algorithm;
264 valid choices are <code class="literal">hmac-md5</code>,
265 <code class="literal">hmac-sha1</code>, <code class="literal">hmac-sha224</code>,
266 <code class="literal">hmac-sha256</code>, <code class="literal">hmac-sha384</code>, or
267 <code class="literal">hmac-sha512</code>. If <em class="parameter"><code>hmac</code></em>
268 is not specified, the default is <code class="literal">hmac-md5</code>.
271 NOTE: You should use the <code class="option">-k</code> option and
272 avoid the <code class="option">-y</code> option, because
273 with <code class="option">-y</code> the shared secret is supplied as
274 a command line argument in clear text. This may be visible
276 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">ps</span>(1)</span>
277 or in a history file maintained by the user's shell.
282 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
283 <a name="id2665699"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2>
284 <p><span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
285 provides a number of query options which affect
286 the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
287 these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
288 sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
289 and retry strategies.
292 Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
293 (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
294 option. These may be preceded
295 by the string <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of
297 keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. They
298 have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
299 Keywords may be abbreviated, provided the abbreviation is
300 unambiguous; for example, <code class="literal">+cd</code> is equivalent
301 to <code class="literal">+cdflag</code>.
302 The query options are:
305 <div class="variablelist"><dl>
306 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt>
308 A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>.
310 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt>
312 Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
314 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt>
316 Display [do not display] the additional section of a
317 reply. The default is to display it.
319 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt>
321 Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
322 query. This requests the server to return whether
323 all of the answer and authority sections have all
324 been validated as secure according to the security
325 policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
326 have been validated as secure and the answer is not
327 from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
328 of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
329 bit is set by default.
331 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
333 Set or clear all display flags.
335 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt>
337 Display [do not display] the answer section of a
338 reply. The default is to display it.
340 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt>
342 Display [do not display] the authority section of a
343 reply. The default is to display it.
345 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
347 Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
348 malformed. The default is to not display malformed
351 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt>
353 Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
354 to <em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes. The maximum and
355 minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
356 Values outside this range are rounded up or down
357 appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
358 EDNS query to be sent.
360 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
362 Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
363 the query. This requests the server to not perform
364 DNSSEC validation of responses.
366 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]class</code></span></dt>
368 Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
371 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cmd</code></span></dt>
373 Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the
374 output identifying the version of <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
375 and the query options that have been applied. This
376 comment is printed by default.
378 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
380 Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
381 The default is to print comments.
383 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]defname</code></span></dt>
385 Deprecated, treated as a synonym for
386 <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]search</code></em>
388 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
390 Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
391 OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
394 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+domain=somename</code></span></dt>
396 Set the search list to contain the single domain
397 <em class="parameter"><code>somename</code></em>, as if specified in
398 a <span><strong class="command">domain</strong></span> directive in
399 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, and enable
400 search list processing as if the
401 <em class="parameter"><code>+search</code></em> option were given.
403 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]edns[=#]</code></span></dt>
405 Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
406 are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
407 a EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code>
408 clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
411 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]fail</code></span></dt>
413 Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL.
414 The default is to not try the next server which is
415 the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
417 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]identify</code></span></dt>
419 Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number
420 that supplied the answer when the
421 <em class="parameter"><code>+short</code></em> option is enabled. If
422 short form answers are requested, the default is not
423 to show the source address and port number of the
424 server that provided the answer.
426 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ignore</code></span></dt>
428 Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying
429 with TCP. By default, TCP retries are performed.
431 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]keepopen</code></span></dt>
433 Keep the TCP socket open between queries and reuse
434 it rather than creating a new TCP socket for each
435 lookup. The default is <code class="option">+nokeepopen</code>.
437 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
439 Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
440 multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
441 default is to print each record on a single line, to
442 facilitate machine parsing of the <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
445 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+ndots=D</code></span></dt>
447 Set the number of dots that have to appear in
448 <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> to <em class="parameter"><code>D</code></em>
449 for it to be considered absolute. The default value
450 is that defined using the ndots statement in
451 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>, or 1 if no
452 ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots
453 are interpreted as relative names and will be searched
454 for in the domains listed in the <code class="option">search</code>
455 or <code class="option">domain</code> directive in
456 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code> if
457 <code class="option">+search</code> is set.
459 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt>
461 Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
464 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nssearch</code></span></dt>
466 When this option is set, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
467 attempts to find the authoritative name servers for
468 the zone containing the name being looked up and
469 display the SOA record that each name server has for
472 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]onesoa</code></span></dt>
474 Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing
475 an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting
476 and ending SOA records.
478 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]qr</code></span></dt>
480 Print [do not print] the query as it is sent. By
481 default, the query is not printed.
483 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt>
485 Print [do not print] the question section of a query
486 when an answer is returned. The default is to print
487 the question section as a comment.
489 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rdflag</code></span></dt>
491 A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]recurse</code></em>.
493 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt>
495 Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
496 in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
497 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> normally sends recursive
498 queries. Recursion is automatically disabled when
499 the <em class="parameter"><code>+nssearch</code></em> or
500 <em class="parameter"><code>+trace</code></em> query options are used.
502 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt>
504 Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
505 server to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the
506 default, 2. Unlike <em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>,
507 this does not include the initial query.
509 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt>
511 Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
512 output (for example, human-readable key information
513 about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
514 record comments unless multiline mode is active.
516 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]search</code></span></dt>
519 Use [do not use] the search list defined by the
520 searchlist or domain directive in
521 <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (if any). The search
522 list is not used by default.
525 'ndots' from <code class="filename">resolv.conf</code> (default 1)
526 which may be overridden by <em class="parameter"><code>+ndots</code></em>
527 determines if the name will be treated as relative
528 or not and hence whether a search is eventually
532 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
534 Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
535 answer in a verbose form.
537 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]showsearch</code></span></dt>
539 Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate
542 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]sigchase</code></span></dt>
544 Chase DNSSEC signature chains. Requires dig be
545 compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
547 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+split=W</code></span></dt>
549 Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
550 records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em>
551 characters (where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded
552 up to the nearest multiple of 4).
553 <em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or
554 <em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to
555 be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
556 44 characters when multiline mode is active.
558 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]stats</code></span></dt>
560 This query option toggles the printing of statistics:
561 when the query was made, the size of the reply and
562 so on. The default behavior is to print the query
565 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
567 Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
568 default behavior is to use UDP unless an
569 <code class="literal">ixfr=N</code> query is requested, in which
570 case the default is TCP. AXFR queries always use
573 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+time=T</code></span></dt>
576 Sets the timeout for a query to
577 <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
578 timeout is 5 seconds.
579 An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
581 in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
583 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]topdown</code></span></dt>
585 When chasing DNSSEC signature chains perform a top-down
586 validation. Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
588 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trace</code></span></dt>
591 Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root
592 name servers for the name being looked up. Tracing
593 is disabled by default. When tracing is enabled,
594 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> makes iterative queries to
595 resolve the name being looked up. It will follow
596 referrals from the root servers, showing the answer
597 from each server that was used to resolve the lookup.
600 If @server is also specified, it affects only the
601 initial query for the root zone name servers.
604 <span><strong class="command">+dnssec</strong></span> is also set when +trace
605 is set to better emulate the default queries from a
609 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt>
611 Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
612 to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default,
613 3. If <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal
614 to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
617 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+trusted-key=####</code></span></dt>
620 Specifies a file containing trusted keys to be used
621 with <code class="option">+sigchase</code>. Each DNSKEY record
622 must be on its own line.
625 If not specified, <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> will look
626 for <code class="filename">/etc/trusted-key.key</code> then
627 <code class="filename">trusted-key.key</code> in the current
631 Requires dig be compiled with -DDIG_SIGCHASE.
634 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt>
636 Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
639 <dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt>
641 Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
642 alternate syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em>
643 is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
644 stands for "virtual circuit".
651 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
652 <a name="id2666846"></a><h2>MULTIPLE QUERIES</h2>
654 The BIND 9 implementation of <span><strong class="command">dig </strong></span>
656 specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to
657 supporting the <code class="option">-f</code> batch file option). Each of those
658 queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query
662 In this case, each <em class="parameter"><code>query</code></em> argument
664 individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each
665 consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be
666 looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that
667 should be applied to that query.
670 A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
671 can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the
672 first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options
673 supplied on the command line. Any global query options (except
674 the <code class="option">+[no]cmd</code> option) can be
675 overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example:
677 <pre class="programlisting">
678 dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
681 shows how <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> could be used from the
683 to make three lookups: an ANY query for <code class="literal">www.isc.org</code>, a
684 reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of
685 <code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
687 A global query option of <em class="parameter"><code>+qr</code></em> is
689 that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> shows the initial query it made
691 lookup. The final query has a local query option of
692 <em class="parameter"><code>+noqr</code></em> which means that <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span>
693 will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for
694 <code class="literal">isc.org</code>.
697 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
698 <a name="id2667000"></a><h2>IDN SUPPORT</h2>
700 If <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> has been built with IDN (internationalized
701 domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names.
702 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> appropriately converts character encoding of
703 domain name before sending a request to DNS server or displaying a
704 reply from the server.
705 If you'd like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, defines
706 the <code class="envar">IDN_DISABLE</code> environment variable.
707 The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set when
708 <span><strong class="command">dig</strong></span> runs.
711 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
712 <a name="id2667029"></a><h2>FILES</h2>
713 <p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>
715 <p><code class="filename">${HOME}/.digrc</code>
718 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
719 <a name="id2667118"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
720 <p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">host</span>(1)</span>,
721 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
722 <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">dnssec-keygen</span>(8)</span>,
723 <em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>.
726 <div class="refsect1" lang="en">
727 <a name="id2667156"></a><h2>BUGS</h2>
729 There are probably too many query options.
733 <div class="navfooter">
735 <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
737 <td width="40%" align="left">
738 <a accesskey="p" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">Prev</a> </td>
739 <td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">Up</a></td>
740 <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="man.host.html">Next</a>
744 <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Manual pages </td>
745 <td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
746 <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> host</td>
750 <p style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.9.8-P2 (Extended Support Version)</p>