1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.277 2015/08/19 23:17:51 djm Exp $ */
3 * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4 * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
6 * Identity and host key generation and maintenance.
8 * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9 * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this
10 * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11 * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12 * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/socket.h>
22 #include <openssl/evp.h>
23 #include <openssl/pem.h>
24 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
47 #include "pathnames.h"
56 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
62 # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "rsa"
64 # define DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME "ed25519"
67 /* Number of bits in the RSA/DSA key. This value can be set on the command line. */
68 #define DEFAULT_BITS 2048
69 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA 1024
70 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA 256
74 * Flag indicating that we just want to change the passphrase. This can be
75 * set on the command line.
77 int change_passphrase = 0;
80 * Flag indicating that we just want to change the comment. This can be set
81 * on the command line.
83 int change_comment = 0;
87 int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
89 /* Flag indicating that we want to hash a known_hosts file */
91 /* Flag indicating that we want lookup a host in known_hosts file */
93 /* Flag indicating that we want to delete a host from a known_hosts file */
96 /* Flag indicating that we want to show the contents of a certificate */
99 /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */
100 int print_fingerprint = 0;
101 int print_bubblebabble = 0;
103 /* Hash algorithm to use for fingerprints. */
104 int fingerprint_hash = SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT;
106 /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
107 char identity_file[1024];
108 int have_identity = 0;
110 /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */
111 char *identity_passphrase = NULL;
113 /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */
114 char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL;
116 /* This is set to the new comment if given on the command line. */
117 char *identity_comment = NULL;
119 /* Path to CA key when certifying keys. */
120 char *ca_key_path = NULL;
122 /* Certificate serial number */
123 unsigned long long cert_serial = 0;
125 /* Key type when certifying */
126 u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
128 /* "key ID" of signed key */
129 char *cert_key_id = NULL;
131 /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */
132 char *cert_principals = NULL;
134 /* Validity period for certificates */
135 u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0;
136 u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL;
138 /* Certificate options */
139 #define CERTOPT_X_FWD (1)
140 #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD (1<<1)
141 #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD (1<<2)
142 #define CERTOPT_PTY (1<<3)
143 #define CERTOPT_USER_RC (1<<4)
144 #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \
145 CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC)
146 u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT;
147 char *certflags_command = NULL;
148 char *certflags_src_addr = NULL;
150 /* Conversion to/from various formats */
152 int convert_from = 0;
157 } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
158 int print_public = 0;
159 int print_generic = 0;
161 char *key_type_name = NULL;
163 /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
164 char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
166 /* Use new OpenSSH private key format when writing SSH2 keys instead of PEM */
167 int use_new_format = 0;
169 /* Cipher for new-format private keys */
170 char *new_format_cipher = NULL;
173 * Number of KDF rounds to derive new format keys /
174 * number of primality trials when screening moduli.
179 extern char *__progname;
181 char hostname[NI_MAXHOST];
185 int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
186 int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long,
191 type_bits_valid(int type, const char *name, u_int32_t *bitsp)
197 if (type == KEY_UNSPEC)
198 fatal("unknown key type %s", key_type_name);
202 *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
203 else if (type == KEY_ECDSA) {
205 (nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(name)) > 0)
206 *bitsp = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
208 *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
211 *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
214 maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ?
215 OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS;
216 if (*bitsp > maxbits)
217 fatal("key bits exceeds maximum %d", maxbits);
218 if (type == KEY_DSA && *bitsp != 1024)
219 fatal("DSA keys must be 1024 bits");
220 else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && type != KEY_ED25519 && *bitsp < 1024)
221 fatal("Key must at least be 1024 bits");
222 else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
223 fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length - valid lengths are "
224 "256, 384 or 521 bits");
229 ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt)
234 if (key_type_name == NULL)
235 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
237 switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
239 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY;
243 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA;
245 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
248 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA;
253 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
256 case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
257 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519;
260 fatal("bad key type");
263 snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file),
264 "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name);
265 printf("%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file);
267 if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL)
269 buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
270 if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0)
271 strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file));
275 static struct sshkey *
276 load_identity(char *filename)
282 if ((r = sshkey_load_private(filename, "", &prv, NULL)) == 0)
284 if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
285 fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
286 if (identity_passphrase)
287 pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
289 pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
290 r = sshkey_load_private(filename, pass, &prv, NULL);
291 explicit_bzero(pass, strlen(pass));
294 fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
298 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
299 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
300 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
301 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC 0x3f6ff9eb
305 do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *k)
312 if (k->type == KEY_RSA1)
313 fatal("version 1 keys are not supported");
314 if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(k, &blob, &len)) != 0)
315 fatal("key_to_blob failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
316 /* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
317 snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
318 "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
319 sshkey_size(k), sshkey_type(k),
320 pw->pw_name, hostname);
322 fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
323 fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment);
324 dump_base64(stdout, blob, len);
325 fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
332 do_convert_to_pkcs8(struct sshkey *k)
334 switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
337 if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
338 fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
341 if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
342 fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
344 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
346 if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
347 fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
351 fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k));
357 do_convert_to_pem(struct sshkey *k)
359 switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
362 if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
363 fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
365 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
367 if (!PEM_write_DSAPublicKey(stdout, k->dsa))
368 fatal("PEM_write_DSAPublicKey failed");
373 fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k));
379 do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
386 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
387 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
388 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
389 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &k, NULL)) != 0)
390 k = load_identity(identity_file);
391 switch (convert_format) {
393 do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
396 do_convert_to_pkcs8(k);
399 do_convert_to_pem(k);
402 fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
408 * This is almost exactly the bignum1 encoding, but with 32 bit for length
412 buffer_get_bignum_bits(struct sshbuf *b, BIGNUM *value)
414 u_int bytes, bignum_bits;
417 if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &bignum_bits)) != 0)
418 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
419 bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
420 if (sshbuf_len(b) < bytes)
421 fatal("%s: input buffer too small: need %d have %zu",
422 __func__, bytes, sshbuf_len(b));
423 if (BN_bin2bn(sshbuf_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
424 fatal("%s: BN_bin2bn failed", __func__);
425 if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, bytes)) != 0)
426 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
429 static struct sshkey *
430 do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen)
433 struct sshkey *key = NULL;
435 u_char e1, e2, e3, *sig = NULL, data[] = "abcde12345";
437 u_int magic, i1, i2, i3, i4;
441 if ((b = sshbuf_from(blob, blen)) == NULL)
442 fatal("%s: sshbuf_from failed", __func__);
443 if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &magic)) != 0)
444 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
446 if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
447 error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic,
448 SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
452 if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i1)) != 0 ||
453 (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &type, NULL)) != 0 ||
454 (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &cipher, NULL)) != 0 ||
455 (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i2)) != 0 ||
456 (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i3)) != 0 ||
457 (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i4)) != 0)
458 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
459 debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
460 if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
461 error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
469 if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
471 } else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
478 if ((key = sshkey_new_private(ktype)) == NULL)
479 fatal("key_new_private failed");
484 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->p);
485 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->g);
486 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->q);
487 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->pub_key);
488 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->priv_key);
491 if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e1)) != 0 ||
492 (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e2)) != 0) ||
493 (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e3)) != 0))
494 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
505 if (!BN_set_word(key->rsa->e, e)) {
510 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->d);
511 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->n);
512 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->iqmp);
513 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->q);
514 buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->p);
515 if ((r = rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa)) != 0)
516 fatal("generate RSA parameters failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
519 rlen = sshbuf_len(b);
521 error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: "
522 "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen);
526 if (sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data), 0) != 0 ||
527 sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data), 0) != 0) {
537 get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len)
543 while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
545 fatal("input line too long.");
549 if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF)
550 fatal("unget: %s", strerror(errno));
563 do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey **k, int *private)
565 int r, blen, escaped = 0;
572 if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
573 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
575 while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
576 if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\')
578 if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
579 strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
580 if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL)
582 if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) {
585 /* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */
590 /* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */
593 strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded));
595 len = strlen(encoded);
596 if (((len % 4) == 3) &&
597 (encoded[len-1] == '=') &&
598 (encoded[len-2] == '=') &&
599 (encoded[len-3] == '='))
600 encoded[len-3] = '\0';
601 blen = uudecode(encoded, blob, sizeof(blob));
603 fatal("uudecode failed.");
605 *k = do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen);
606 else if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(blob, blen, k)) != 0)
607 fatal("decode blob failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
612 do_convert_from_pkcs8(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
617 if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
618 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
619 if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
620 fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__,
624 switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)) {
626 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
627 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
628 (*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
629 (*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
632 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
633 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
634 (*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
635 (*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
637 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
639 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
640 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
641 (*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
642 (*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
643 (*k)->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
647 fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__,
648 EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type));
650 EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey);
655 do_convert_from_pem(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
663 if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
664 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
665 if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
666 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
667 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
668 (*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
673 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
675 if ((dsa = PEM_read_DSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
676 if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
677 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
678 (*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
685 fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__);
689 do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
691 struct sshkey *k = NULL;
692 int r, private = 0, ok = 0;
696 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
697 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
698 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
700 switch (convert_format) {
702 do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private);
705 do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private);
708 do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private);
711 fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
715 if ((r = sshkey_write(k, stdout)) == 0)
718 fprintf(stdout, "\n");
722 ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
723 NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
725 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
727 ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL,
728 NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
732 ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL,
733 NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
736 fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__,
742 fatal("key write failed");
749 do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
756 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
757 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
758 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
759 prv = load_identity(identity_file);
760 if ((r = sshkey_write(prv, stdout)) != 0)
761 error("key_write failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
763 fprintf(stdout, "\n");
768 do_download(struct passwd *pw)
771 struct sshkey **keys = NULL;
773 enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
777 fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
778 rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
781 nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys);
783 fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
784 for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
785 if (print_fingerprint) {
786 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep);
787 ra = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fingerprint_hash,
789 if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
790 fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
791 printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", sshkey_size(keys[i]),
792 fp, sshkey_type(keys[i]));
793 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
798 (void) sshkey_write(keys[i], stdout); /* XXX check */
799 fprintf(stdout, "\n");
801 sshkey_free(keys[i]);
807 fatal("no pkcs11 support");
808 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
812 do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
815 struct sshkey *public;
816 char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, line[16*1024], *fp, *ra;
817 int r, i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1;
818 enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
822 fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
823 rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
825 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
826 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
827 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
828 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &public, &comment)) != 0)
829 debug2("Error loading public key \"%s\": %s",
830 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
832 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
833 ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
835 if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
836 fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
837 printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp, comment,
838 sshkey_type(public));
839 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
852 if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
853 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
855 while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
856 if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
857 error("line %d too long: %.40s...",
869 /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
870 for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
872 if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#')
874 i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10);
875 if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) {
878 for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' &&
879 *cp != '\t')); cp++) {
880 if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
881 cp++; /* Skip both */
890 if ((public = sshkey_new(KEY_RSA1)) == NULL)
891 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
892 if ((r = sshkey_read(public, &cp)) != 0) {
895 if ((public = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
896 fatal("sshkey_new failed");
897 if ((r = sshkey_read(public, &cp)) != 0) {
902 comment = *cp ? cp : comment;
903 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
904 ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
906 if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
907 fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
908 printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp,
909 comment ? comment : "no comment", sshkey_type(public));
910 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
920 fatal("%s is not a public key file.", identity_file);
925 do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw)
929 char *key_type_display;
934 { "rsa1", "RSA1", _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE },
935 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
936 { "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
937 { "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
938 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
939 { "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
940 #endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
941 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
942 { "ed25519", "ED25519",_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE },
948 struct sshkey *private, *public;
953 for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
954 if (stat(key_types[i].path, &st) == 0)
956 if (errno != ENOENT) {
957 error("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path,
965 printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname);
967 printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
969 type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
970 strlcpy(identity_file, key_types[i].path, sizeof(identity_file));
972 type_bits_valid(type, NULL, &bits);
973 if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) {
974 error("key_generate failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
978 if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
979 fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
980 snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
982 if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, "",
983 comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
984 error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
985 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
986 sshkey_free(private);
991 sshkey_free(private);
992 strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
993 fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
995 error("Could not save your public key in %s",
1001 f = fdopen(fd, "w");
1003 error("fdopen %s failed", identity_file);
1005 sshkey_free(public);
1009 if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) {
1010 error("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
1012 sshkey_free(public);
1016 fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
1018 sshkey_free(public);
1025 struct known_hosts_ctx {
1026 const char *host; /* Hostname searched for in find/delete case */
1027 FILE *out; /* Output file, stdout for find_hosts case */
1028 int has_unhashed; /* When hashing, original had unhashed hosts */
1029 int found_key; /* For find/delete, host was found */
1030 int invalid; /* File contained invalid items; don't delete */
1034 known_hosts_hash(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
1036 struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
1037 char *hashed, *cp, *hosts, *ohosts;
1038 int has_wild = l->hosts && strcspn(l->hosts, "*?!") != strlen(l->hosts);
1040 switch (l->status) {
1042 case HKF_STATUS_MATCHED:
1044 * Don't hash hosts already already hashed, with wildcard
1045 * characters or a CA/revocation marker.
1047 if ((l->match & HKF_MATCH_HOST_HASHED) != 0 ||
1048 has_wild || l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
1049 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1050 if (has_wild && !find_host) {
1051 logit("%s:%ld: ignoring host name "
1052 "with wildcard: %.64s", l->path,
1053 l->linenum, l->hosts);
1058 * Split any comma-separated hostnames from the host list,
1059 * hash and store separately.
1061 ohosts = hosts = xstrdup(l->hosts);
1062 while ((cp = strsep(&hosts, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') {
1063 if ((hashed = host_hash(cp, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
1064 fatal("hash_host failed");
1065 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s %s\n", hashed, l->rawkey);
1066 ctx->has_unhashed = 1;
1070 case HKF_STATUS_INVALID:
1071 /* Retain invalid lines, but mark file as invalid. */
1073 logit("%s:%ld: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum);
1076 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1084 known_hosts_find_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
1086 struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
1087 enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
1091 fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
1092 rep = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
1094 if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED) {
1096 if (l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
1097 /* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */
1098 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1101 * Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke
1102 * marker, delete it by *not* writing the
1107 printf("# Host %s found: line %ld\n",
1108 ctx->host, l->linenum);
1111 } else if (find_host) {
1114 printf("# Host %s found: line %ld %s\n",
1116 l->linenum, l->marker == MRK_CA ? "CA" :
1117 (l->marker == MRK_REVOKE ? "REVOKED" : ""));
1120 known_hosts_hash(l, ctx);
1121 else if (print_fingerprint) {
1122 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(l->key, fptype, rep);
1123 printf("%s %s %s %s\n", ctx->host,
1124 sshkey_type(l->key), fp, l->comment);
1127 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1130 } else if (delete_host) {
1131 /* Retain non-matching hosts when deleting */
1132 if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) {
1134 logit("%s:%ld: invalid line", l->path, l->linenum);
1136 fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
1142 do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name)
1144 char *cp, tmp[PATH_MAX], old[PATH_MAX];
1145 int r, fd, oerrno, inplace = 0;
1146 struct known_hosts_ctx ctx;
1147 u_int foreach_options;
1149 if (!have_identity) {
1150 cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
1151 if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
1152 sizeof(identity_file))
1153 fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
1158 memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
1163 * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
1164 * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout
1166 if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) {
1167 if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1168 strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1169 strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) ||
1170 strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
1171 fatal("known_hosts path too long");
1173 if ((fd = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
1174 fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
1175 if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
1178 fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno));
1183 /* XXX support identity_file == "-" for stdin */
1184 foreach_options = find_host ? HKF_WANT_MATCH : 0;
1185 foreach_options |= print_fingerprint ? HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY : 0;
1186 if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(identity_file,
1187 hash_hosts ? known_hosts_hash : known_hosts_find_delete, &ctx,
1188 name, NULL, foreach_options)) != 0)
1189 fatal("%s: hostkeys_foreach failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1195 error("%s is not a valid known_hosts file.", identity_file);
1197 error("Not replacing existing known_hosts "
1198 "file because of errors");
1202 } else if (delete_host && !ctx.found_key) {
1203 logit("Host %s not found in %s", name, identity_file);
1206 } else if (inplace) {
1207 /* Backup existing file */
1208 if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
1209 fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
1210 if (link(identity_file, old) == -1)
1211 fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old,
1213 /* Move new one into place */
1214 if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) {
1215 error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file,
1222 printf("%s updated.\n", identity_file);
1223 printf("Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
1224 if (ctx.has_unhashed) {
1225 logit("WARNING: %s contains unhashed entries", old);
1226 logit("Delete this file to ensure privacy "
1231 exit (find_host && !ctx.found_key);
1235 * Perform changing a passphrase. The argument is the passwd structure
1236 * for the current user.
1239 do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw)
1242 char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
1244 struct sshkey *private;
1248 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1249 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
1250 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
1251 /* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
1252 r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment);
1253 if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
1254 if (identity_passphrase)
1255 old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1258 read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
1260 r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
1261 &private, &comment);
1262 explicit_bzero(old_passphrase, strlen(old_passphrase));
1263 free(old_passphrase);
1266 } else if (r != 0) {
1268 fatal("Failed to load key %s: %s", identity_file, ssh_err(r));
1271 printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1273 /* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
1274 if (identity_new_passphrase) {
1275 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1279 read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no "
1280 "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1281 passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
1284 /* Verify that they are the same. */
1285 if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
1286 explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
1287 explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
1290 printf("Pass phrases do not match. Try again.\n");
1293 /* Destroy the other copy. */
1294 explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
1298 /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1299 if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1,
1300 comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
1301 error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s.",
1302 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
1303 explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
1305 sshkey_free(private);
1309 /* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
1310 explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
1312 sshkey_free(private); /* Destroys contents */
1315 printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
1320 * Print the SSHFP RR.
1323 do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname)
1325 struct sshkey *public;
1326 char *comment = NULL;
1331 fatal("%s: no filename", __func__);
1332 if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) {
1333 if (errno == ENOENT)
1335 fatal("%s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1337 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(fname, &public, &comment)) != 0)
1338 fatal("Failed to read v2 public key from \"%s\": %s.",
1340 export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
1341 sshkey_free(public);
1347 * Change the comment of a private key file.
1350 do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw)
1352 char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
1353 struct sshkey *private;
1354 struct sshkey *public;
1360 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1361 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
1362 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
1363 if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "",
1364 &private, &comment)) == 0)
1365 passphrase = xstrdup("");
1366 else if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
1367 fatal("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.",
1368 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
1370 if (identity_passphrase)
1371 passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1372 else if (identity_new_passphrase)
1373 passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1375 passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
1377 /* Try to load using the passphrase. */
1378 if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, passphrase,
1379 &private, &comment)) != 0) {
1380 explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1382 fatal("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.",
1383 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
1386 /* XXX what about new-format keys? */
1387 if (private->type != KEY_RSA1) {
1388 error("Comments are only supported for RSA1 keys.");
1389 explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1390 sshkey_free(private);
1393 printf("Key now has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1395 if (identity_comment) {
1396 strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment));
1398 printf("Enter new comment: ");
1400 if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
1401 explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1402 sshkey_free(private);
1405 new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
1408 /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1409 if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase,
1410 new_comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
1411 error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
1412 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
1413 explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1415 sshkey_free(private);
1419 explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1421 if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
1422 fatal("key_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
1423 sshkey_free(private);
1425 strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
1426 fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
1428 fatal("Could not save your public key in %s", identity_file);
1429 f = fdopen(fd, "w");
1431 fatal("fdopen %s failed: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
1432 if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
1433 fatal("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
1434 sshkey_free(public);
1435 fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment);
1440 printf("The comment in your key file has been changed.\n");
1445 fmt_validity(u_int64_t valid_from, u_int64_t valid_to)
1447 char from[32], to[32];
1448 static char ret[64];
1453 if (valid_from == 0 && valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
1456 if (valid_from != 0) {
1457 /* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1458 tt = valid_from > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_from;
1459 tm = localtime(&tt);
1460 strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1462 if (valid_to != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1463 /* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1464 tt = valid_to > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_to;
1465 tm = localtime(&tt);
1466 strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1469 if (valid_from == 0) {
1470 snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to);
1473 if (valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1474 snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from);
1478 snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to);
1483 add_flag_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name)
1487 debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name);
1488 if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 ||
1489 (r = sshbuf_put_string(c, NULL, 0)) != 0)
1490 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1494 add_string_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name, const char *value)
1499 debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value);
1500 if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1501 fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1502 if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, value)) != 0 ||
1503 (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 ||
1504 (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(c, b)) != 0)
1505 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1510 #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL 1
1511 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS 2
1513 prepare_options_buf(struct sshbuf *c, int which)
1516 if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1517 certflags_command != NULL)
1518 add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command);
1519 if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1520 (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0)
1521 add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding");
1522 if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1523 (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0)
1524 add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding");
1525 if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1526 (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0)
1527 add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding");
1528 if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1529 (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0)
1530 add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty");
1531 if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1532 (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0)
1533 add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc");
1534 if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1535 certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1536 add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr);
1539 static struct sshkey *
1540 load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
1542 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1543 struct sshkey **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
1546 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, NULL)) != 0)
1547 fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\": %s",
1550 nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys);
1551 debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys);
1553 fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
1554 for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1555 if (sshkey_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
1559 sshkey_free(keys[i]);
1562 sshkey_free(public);
1565 fatal("no pkcs11 support");
1566 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1570 do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
1574 struct sshkey *ca, *public;
1575 char *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL;
1578 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1581 tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
1582 if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
1583 if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
1584 fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
1586 ca = load_identity(tmp);
1589 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1590 /* Split list of principals */
1592 if (cert_principals != NULL) {
1593 otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals);
1595 for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) {
1596 plist = xreallocarray(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist));
1597 if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
1598 fatal("Empty principal name");
1603 tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
1604 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &public, &comment)) != 0)
1605 fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\": %s",
1606 __func__, tmp, ssh_err(r));
1607 if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA &&
1608 public->type != KEY_ECDSA && public->type != KEY_ED25519)
1609 fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
1610 __func__, tmp, sshkey_type(public));
1612 /* Prepare certificate to sign */
1613 if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(public)) != 0)
1614 fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate: %s",
1616 public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
1617 public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
1618 public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
1619 public->cert->nprincipals = n;
1620 public->cert->principals = plist;
1621 public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
1622 public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
1623 prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical, OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
1624 prepare_options_buf(public->cert->extensions,
1625 OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1626 if ((r = sshkey_from_private(ca,
1627 &public->cert->signature_key)) != 0)
1628 fatal("key_from_private (ca key): %s", ssh_err(r));
1630 if (sshkey_certify(public, ca) != 0)
1631 fatal("Couldn't not certify key %s", tmp);
1633 if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
1635 xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
1638 if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
1639 fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out,
1641 if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
1642 fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1643 if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
1644 fatal("Could not write certified key to %s: %s",
1646 fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
1650 logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
1651 "valid %s", sshkey_cert_type(public),
1652 out, public->cert->key_id,
1653 (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
1654 cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
1655 cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "",
1656 fmt_validity(cert_valid_from, cert_valid_to));
1659 sshkey_free(public);
1662 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1669 parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now)
1673 mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1;
1675 if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1)
1676 fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s);
1677 if (mul == -1 && secs > now)
1678 fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1679 return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul);
1683 parse_absolute_time(const char *s)
1690 * POSIX strptime says "The application shall ensure that there
1691 * is white-space or other non-alphanumeric characters between
1692 * any two conversion specifications" so arrange things this way.
1694 switch (strlen(s)) {
1697 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6);
1700 fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S";
1701 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s:%.2s",
1702 s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10, s + 12);
1705 fatal("Invalid certificate time format %s", s);
1708 memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm));
1709 if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL)
1710 fatal("Invalid certificate time %s", s);
1711 if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0)
1712 fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1713 return (u_int64_t)tt;
1717 parse_cert_times(char *timespec)
1720 time_t now = time(NULL);
1723 /* +timespec relative to now */
1724 if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) {
1725 if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1)
1726 fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec);
1727 cert_valid_to = now + secs;
1729 * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts
1730 * with poorly-synchronised clocks.
1732 cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60;
1738 * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1739 * to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1741 from = xstrdup(timespec);
1742 to = strchr(from, ':');
1743 if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0')
1744 fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec);
1747 if (*from == '-' || *from == '+')
1748 cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now);
1750 cert_valid_from = parse_absolute_time(from);
1752 if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
1753 cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, now);
1755 cert_valid_to = parse_absolute_time(to);
1757 if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
1758 fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
1763 add_cert_option(char *opt)
1767 if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0)
1768 certflags_flags = 0;
1769 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1770 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1771 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1772 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1773 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1774 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1775 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1776 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1777 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0)
1778 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1779 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0)
1780 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1781 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0)
1782 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY;
1783 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0)
1784 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY;
1785 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0)
1786 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1787 else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0)
1788 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1789 else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) {
1792 fatal("Empty force-command option");
1793 if (certflags_command != NULL)
1794 fatal("force-command already specified");
1795 certflags_command = xstrdup(val);
1796 } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) {
1799 fatal("Empty source-address option");
1800 if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1801 fatal("source-address already specified");
1802 if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0)
1803 fatal("Invalid source-address list");
1804 certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val);
1806 fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt);
1810 show_options(struct sshbuf *optbuf, int in_critical)
1813 struct sshbuf *options, *option = NULL;
1816 if ((options = sshbuf_fromb(optbuf)) == NULL)
1817 fatal("%s: sshbuf_fromb failed", __func__);
1818 while (sshbuf_len(options) != 0) {
1819 sshbuf_free(option);
1821 if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(options, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
1822 (r = sshbuf_froms(options, &option)) != 0)
1823 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1824 printf(" %s", name);
1826 (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
1827 strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 ||
1828 strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 ||
1829 strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 ||
1830 strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0))
1832 else if (in_critical &&
1833 (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
1834 strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
1835 if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(option, &arg, NULL)) != 0)
1836 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s",
1837 __func__, ssh_err(r));
1838 printf(" %s\n", arg);
1841 printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %zu)\n",
1842 sshbuf_len(option));
1843 sshbuf_reset(option);
1846 if (sshbuf_len(option) != 0)
1847 fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
1849 sshbuf_free(option);
1850 sshbuf_free(options);
1854 do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
1858 char *key_fp, *ca_fp;
1863 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1864 if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
1865 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
1866 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &key, NULL)) != 0)
1867 fatal("Cannot load public key \"%s\": %s",
1868 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
1869 if (!sshkey_is_cert(key))
1870 fatal("%s is not a certificate", identity_file);
1872 key_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
1873 ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
1874 fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
1875 if (key_fp == NULL || ca_fp == NULL)
1876 fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
1878 printf("%s:\n", identity_file);
1879 printf(" Type: %s %s certificate\n", sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1880 sshkey_cert_type(key));
1881 printf(" Public key: %s %s\n", sshkey_type(key), key_fp);
1882 printf(" Signing CA: %s %s\n",
1883 sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp);
1884 printf(" Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
1885 printf(" Serial: %llu\n", (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial);
1886 printf(" Valid: %s\n",
1887 fmt_validity(key->cert->valid_after, key->cert->valid_before));
1888 printf(" Principals: ");
1889 if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0)
1892 for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++)
1894 key->cert->principals[i]);
1897 printf(" Critical Options: ");
1898 if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) == 0)
1902 show_options(key->cert->critical, 1);
1904 printf(" Extensions: ");
1905 if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->extensions) == 0)
1909 show_options(key->cert->extensions, 0);
1915 load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp)
1917 struct sshbuf *krlbuf;
1920 if ((krlbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1921 fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
1922 if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
1923 fatal("open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
1924 if ((r = sshkey_load_file(fd, krlbuf)) != 0)
1925 fatal("Unable to load KRL: %s", ssh_err(r));
1927 /* XXX check sigs */
1928 if ((r = ssh_krl_from_blob(krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0)) != 0 ||
1930 fatal("Invalid KRL file: %s", ssh_err(r));
1931 sshbuf_free(krlbuf);
1935 update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, int wild_ca,
1936 const struct sshkey *ca, struct ssh_krl *krl)
1938 struct sshkey *key = NULL;
1940 char *path, *cp, *ep, line[SSH_MAX_PUBKEY_BYTES];
1941 unsigned long long serial, serial2;
1942 int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, r;
1945 path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid);
1946 if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
1949 path = xstrdup("(standard input)");
1950 } else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
1951 fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
1954 printf("Revoking from %s\n", path);
1955 while (read_keyfile_line(krl_spec, path, line, sizeof(line),
1957 was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = 0;
1958 cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
1959 /* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */
1960 for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) {
1961 if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') {
1965 if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') {
1966 /* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */
1976 if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) {
1977 if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
1978 fatal("revoking certificates by serial number "
1979 "requires specification of a CA key");
1982 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
1984 serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
1985 if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-'))
1986 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
1988 if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX)
1989 fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
1995 serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
1996 if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
1997 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
1999 if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX)
2000 fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
2002 if (serial2 <= serial)
2003 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range "
2004 "%llu:%llu", path, lnum,
2005 (unsigned long long)serial,
2006 (unsigned long long)serial2);
2008 if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl,
2009 ca, serial, serial2) != 0) {
2010 fatal("%s: revoke serial failed",
2013 } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) {
2014 if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
2015 fatal("revoking certificates by key ID "
2016 "requires specification of a CA key");
2019 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2020 if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0)
2021 fatal("%s: revoke key ID failed", __func__);
2023 if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) {
2025 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2026 was_explicit_key = 1;
2027 } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
2029 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2033 * Just try to process the line as a key.
2034 * Parsing will fail if it isn't.
2037 if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
2039 if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0)
2040 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid key: %s",
2041 path, lnum, ssh_err(r));
2042 if (was_explicit_key)
2043 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key);
2045 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, key);
2047 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key);
2049 fatal("%s: revoke key failed: %s",
2050 __func__, ssh_err(r));
2054 if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0)
2060 do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, int argc, char **argv)
2062 struct ssh_krl *krl;
2064 struct sshkey *ca = NULL;
2065 int fd, i, r, wild_ca = 0;
2067 struct sshbuf *kbuf;
2069 if (*identity_file == '\0')
2070 fatal("KRL generation requires an output file");
2071 if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) {
2072 if (errno != ENOENT)
2073 fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s",
2074 identity_file, strerror(errno));
2076 fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file);
2078 if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2079 if (strcasecmp(ca_key_path, "none") == 0)
2082 tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
2083 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0)
2084 fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s: %s",
2091 load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2092 else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL)
2093 fatal("couldn't create KRL");
2095 if (cert_serial != 0)
2096 ssh_krl_set_version(krl, cert_serial);
2097 if (identity_comment != NULL)
2098 ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, identity_comment);
2100 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2101 update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], wild_ca, ca, krl);
2103 if ((kbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2104 fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
2105 if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0)
2106 fatal("Couldn't generate KRL");
2107 if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
2108 fatal("open %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2109 if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, (void *)sshbuf_ptr(kbuf), sshbuf_len(kbuf)) !=
2111 fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2120 do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
2124 struct ssh_krl *krl;
2127 if (*identity_file == '\0')
2128 fatal("KRL checking requires an input file");
2129 load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2130 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2131 if ((r = sshkey_load_public(argv[i], &k, &comment)) != 0)
2132 fatal("Cannot load public key %s: %s",
2133 argv[i], ssh_err(r));
2134 r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k);
2135 printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i],
2136 *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "",
2137 r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED");
2151 "usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-b bits] [-t dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa | rsa1]\n"
2152 " [-N new_passphrase] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]\n"
2153 " ssh-keygen -p [-P old_passphrase] [-N new_passphrase] [-f keyfile]\n"
2154 " ssh-keygen -i [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
2155 " ssh-keygen -e [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
2156 " ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]\n"
2157 " ssh-keygen -c [-P passphrase] [-C comment] [-f keyfile]\n"
2158 " ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
2159 " ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]\n");
2160 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
2162 " ssh-keygen -D pkcs11\n");
2165 " ssh-keygen -F hostname [-f known_hosts_file] [-l]\n"
2166 " ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
2167 " ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
2168 " ssh-keygen -r hostname [-f input_keyfile] [-g]\n"
2170 " ssh-keygen -G output_file [-v] [-b bits] [-M memory] [-S start_point]\n"
2171 " ssh-keygen -T output_file -f input_file [-v] [-a rounds] [-J num_lines]\n"
2172 " [-j start_line] [-K checkpt] [-W generator]\n"
2174 " ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I certificate_identity [-h] [-n principals]\n"
2175 " [-O option] [-V validity_interval] [-z serial_number] file ...\n"
2176 " ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]\n"
2178 " ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]\n"
2180 " ssh-keygen -Q -f krl_file file ...\n");
2185 * Main program for key management.
2188 main(int argc, char **argv)
2190 char dotsshdir[PATH_MAX], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
2191 char *rr_hostname = NULL, *ep, *fp, *ra;
2192 struct sshkey *private, *public;
2195 int r, opt, type, fd;
2196 int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0;
2200 /* Moduli generation/screening */
2201 char out_file[PATH_MAX], *checkpoint = NULL;
2202 u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0;
2203 int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0;
2204 unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0;
2205 BIGNUM *start = NULL;
2209 extern char *optarg;
2211 /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
2214 __progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
2217 OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
2219 log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2223 /* we need this for the home * directory. */
2224 pw = getpwuid(getuid());
2226 fatal("No user exists for uid %lu", (u_long)getuid());
2227 if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0)
2228 fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
2230 /* Remaining characters: UYdw */
2231 while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHLQXceghiklopquvxy"
2232 "C:D:E:F:G:I:J:K:M:N:O:P:R:S:T:V:W:Z:"
2233 "a:b:f:g:j:m:n:r:s:t:z:")) != -1) {
2236 gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
2239 bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 256, 32768, &errstr);
2241 fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
2245 fingerprint_hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(optarg);
2246 if (fingerprint_hash == -1)
2247 fatal("Invalid hash algorithm \"%s\"", optarg);
2251 rr_hostname = optarg;
2257 cert_key_id = optarg;
2261 rr_hostname = optarg;
2267 print_fingerprint = 1;
2270 print_bubblebabble = 1;
2273 if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 ||
2274 strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) {
2275 convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
2278 if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) {
2279 convert_format = FMT_PKCS8;
2282 if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) {
2283 convert_format = FMT_PEM;
2286 fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg);
2288 cert_principals = optarg;
2294 change_passphrase = 1;
2300 if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg,
2301 sizeof(identity_file)) >= sizeof(identity_file))
2302 fatal("Identity filename too long");
2309 identity_passphrase = optarg;
2312 identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
2318 add_cert_option(optarg);
2321 new_format_cipher = optarg;
2324 identity_comment = optarg;
2335 cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
2336 certflags_flags = 0;
2350 ca_key_path = optarg;
2353 key_type_name = optarg;
2356 pkcs11provider = optarg;
2362 if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
2363 log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
2365 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 &&
2366 log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
2371 rr_hostname = optarg;
2374 rounds = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
2376 fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
2380 parse_cert_times(optarg);
2384 cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10);
2385 if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' ||
2386 (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX))
2387 fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg);
2390 /* Moduli generation/screening */
2392 generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1,
2395 fatal("Desired generator has bad value: %s (%s)",
2399 memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2401 fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
2404 do_gen_candidates = 1;
2405 if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2407 fatal("Output filename too long");
2410 do_screen_candidates = 1;
2411 if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2413 fatal("Output filename too long");
2416 if (strlen(optarg) >= PATH_MAX)
2417 fatal("Checkpoint filename too long");
2418 checkpoint = xstrdup(optarg);
2421 /* XXX - also compare length against bits */
2422 if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0)
2423 fatal("Invalid start point.");
2425 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2433 log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2438 if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2439 if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) {
2440 error("Too few arguments.");
2443 } else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl) {
2444 error("Too many arguments.");
2447 if (change_passphrase && change_comment) {
2448 error("Can only have one of -p and -c.");
2451 if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
2452 error("Cannot use -l with -H or -R.");
2456 do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, argc, argv);
2460 do_check_krl(pw, argc, argv);
2463 if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2464 if (cert_key_id == NULL)
2465 fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
2466 do_ca_sign(pw, argc, argv);
2470 if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host)
2471 do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname);
2472 if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
2474 if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
2476 if (change_passphrase)
2477 do_change_passphrase(pw);
2479 do_change_comment(pw);
2484 do_convert_from(pw);
2487 do_print_public(pw);
2488 if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
2491 if (have_identity) {
2492 n = do_print_resource_record(pw,
2493 identity_file, rr_hostname);
2495 fatal("%s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2499 n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2500 _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2501 n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2502 _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2503 n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2504 _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2505 n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2506 _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2508 fatal("no keys found.");
2514 if (do_gen_candidates) {
2515 FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
2518 error("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s",
2519 out_file, strerror(errno));
2523 bits = DEFAULT_BITS;
2524 if (gen_candidates(out, memory, bits, start) != 0)
2525 fatal("modulus candidate generation failed");
2530 if (do_screen_candidates) {
2532 FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "a");
2534 if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
2535 if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
2536 fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate "
2537 "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file,
2544 fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
2545 out_file, strerror(errno));
2547 if (prime_test(in, out, rounds == 0 ? 100 : rounds,
2548 generator_wanted, checkpoint,
2549 start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0)
2550 fatal("modulus screening failed");
2555 if (gen_all_hostkeys) {
2556 do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw);
2560 if (key_type_name == NULL)
2561 key_type_name = DEFAULT_KEY_TYPE_NAME;
2563 type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name);
2564 type_bits_valid(type, key_type_name, &bits);
2567 printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n",
2569 if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0)
2570 fatal("key_generate failed");
2571 if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
2572 fatal("key_from_private failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
2575 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
2577 /* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */
2578 snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s",
2579 pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
2580 if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) {
2581 if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) < 0) {
2582 if (errno != ENOENT) {
2583 error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir,
2585 } else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) < 0) {
2586 error("Could not create directory '%s': %s",
2587 dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
2589 printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir);
2592 /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
2593 if (stat(identity_file, &st) >= 0) {
2595 printf("%s already exists.\n", identity_file);
2596 printf("Overwrite (y/n)? ");
2598 if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL)
2600 if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y')
2603 /* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */
2604 if (identity_passphrase)
2605 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
2606 else if (identity_new_passphrase)
2607 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
2611 read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no "
2612 "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2613 passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
2615 if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
2617 * The passphrases do not match. Clear them and
2620 explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
2621 explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
2624 printf("Passphrases do not match. Try again.\n");
2625 goto passphrase_again;
2627 /* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
2628 explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
2632 if (identity_comment) {
2633 strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment));
2635 /* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */
2636 snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname);
2639 /* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
2640 if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1,
2641 comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
2642 error("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s",
2643 identity_file, ssh_err(r));
2644 explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
2648 /* Clear the passphrase. */
2649 explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
2652 /* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */
2653 sshkey_free(private);
2656 printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file);
2658 strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
2659 if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
2660 fatal("Unable to save public key to %s: %s",
2661 identity_file, strerror(errno));
2662 if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
2663 fatal("fdopen %s failed: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2664 if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
2665 error("write key failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
2666 fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
2670 fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
2672 ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
2674 if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
2675 fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
2676 printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n",
2678 printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
2679 printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
2680 printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
2686 sshkey_free(public);