2 The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project
5 $FreeBSDru: frdp/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/installation/common/layout.sgml,v 1.5 2005/04/14 13:30:11 den Exp $
7 Original revision: 1.10
9 This section contains the contents of the old LAYOUT.TXT file.
12 <title>óÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á</title>
14 <para>ôÉÐÉÞÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á &os; ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË
15 (ÄÅÔÁÌÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÏÔÌÉÞÁÔØÓÑ × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ,
16 É ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÆÁËÔÏÒÏ×):</para>
18 <screen>ERRATA.HTM README.TXT compat1x dict kernel
19 ERRATA.TXT RELNOTES.HTM compat20 doc manpages
20 HARDWARE.HTM RELNOTES.TXT compat21 docbook.css packages
21 HARDWARE.TXT base compat22 filename.txt ports
22 INSTALL.HTM boot compat3x floppies proflibs
23 INSTALL.TXT catpages compat4x games src
24 README.HTM cdrom.inf crypto info tools</screen>
27 <para>ôÅ ÖÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ ÍÕÌØÔÉÄÉÓËÏ×ÏÇÏ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ,
28 ÎÏ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÏÖÅÎÙ ÔÁÍ ÎÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÏ-ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ. äÌÑ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ
29 ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ <quote>live filesystem</quote>.
30 ïÎÁ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÁ ÐÒÉ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÉ ÉÌÉ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÉ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ Ó ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ
31 ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ &os; (ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë <xref
32 linkend="trouble"> ÚÁ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÑÍÉ ÐÏ ÅÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÀ).</para>
34 <para>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇ <filename>floppies</filename> ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ
35 ÉÎÔÅÒÅÓ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ Ó
36 ËÏÍÐÁËÔ-ÄÉÓËÁ (ÎÏ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÒÏÞÉÔÁÔØ ÅÇÏ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ. îÅÓÌÏÖÎÏ
37 ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÎÁÂÏÒ 1.44í ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×Á×ÛÉÓØ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏÍ
38 <filename>floppies</filename> (ÓÍ. <xref linkend="floppies">), É
39 ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÉÈ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó CDROM, FTP, ÉÌÉ NFS.
40 ïÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ÂÕÄÕÔ
41 ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÙ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ. åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÒÁÎØÛÅ
42 ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÌÉ &os;, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÐÒÏÞÉÔÁÔØ ÜÔÏÔ
43 ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ (ÆÁÊÌ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ).</para>
45 <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÔÉÐÁ, ÉÌÉ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÚÎÁÔØ
46 ÂÏÌØÛÅ Ï ÏÒÇÁÎÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÉÖÅÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÁÑ
47 ÂÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ:
50 <para>æÁÊÌÙ <filename>*.TXT</filename> É
51 <filename>*.HTM</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ
52 (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ×
53 <filename>INSTALL.TXT</filename> É
54 <filename>INSTALL.HTM</filename>), ÉÈ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ
55 ÐÅÒÅÄ ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ. æÁÊÌÙ
56 <filename>*.TXT</filename> ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÔÅËÓÔ, Á ÆÁÊÌÙ
57 <filename>*.HTM</filename> ÜÔÏ HTML ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ
58 ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÙ ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÌÀÂÙÍ ×Å ÂÒÁÕÚÅÒÏÍ. îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
59 ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Ù ÍÏÇÕÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ × ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÁÈ,
60 ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË PDF ÉÌÉ PostScript.</para>
63 <para><filename>docbook.css</filename> ÜÔÏ ÆÁÊÌ Cascading Style
64 Sheet (CSS), ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÊ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ ×Å ÂÒÁÕÚÅÒÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
65 HTML ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ.</para>
68 <para>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ <filename>base</filename>,
69 <filename>catpages</filename>,
70 <filename>crypto</filename>,
71 <filename>dict</filename>,
72 <filename>doc</filename>,
73 <filename>games</filename>,
74 <filename>info</filename>,
75 <filename>manpages</filename>,
76 <filename>proflibs</filename>, É
77 <filename>src</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á
78 &os; É ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÙ ÎÁ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÉÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØÓÑ ÎÁ
79 ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ (ÅÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ).</para>
82 <para>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ <filename>compat1x</filename>,
83 <filename>compat20</filename>,
84 <filename>compat21</filename>,
85 <filename>compat22</filename>,
86 <filename>compat3x</filename>, É
87 <filename>compat4x</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÙ
88 ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ É ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ × ÏÄÉÎÏÞÎÙÈ
89 ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ gzip tar ÆÁÊÌÁÈ — ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ
90 ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÉÌÉ ÐÏÚÖÅ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ
91 ÓËÒÉÐÔÏ× <filename>install.sh</filename>.</para>
94 <para>÷ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>floppies/</filename> ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ
95 ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ; ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÉÈ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÀ
96 ÄÁÎÁ × <xref linkend="floppies">.</para>
99 <para>ëÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ <filename>packages</filename> É
100 <filename>ports</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÀ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× É ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os;.
101 ðÁËÅÔÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
102 <filename>packages</filename> ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ:</para>
104 <screen>&prompt.root;<userinput>/stand/sysinstall configPackages</userinput></screen>
106 <para>ðÁËÅÔÙ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ
107 ÉÍÅÎ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>packages</filename>/ ËÏÍÁÎÄÅ
108 &man.pkg.add.1;.</para>
110 <para>ëÏÌÌÅËÃÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ËÁË ÌÀÂÏÊ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ
111 ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ É ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÏËÏÌÏ 190MB ÍÅÓÔÁ. äÁÌØÎÅÊÛÁÑ
112 ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÁ Ó
113 <ulink url="&url.base;/ru/ports/"></ulink>
114 ÉÌÉ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÉÚ <filename>/usr/share/doc/handbook</filename>
115 ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÌÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ
116 <filename>doc</filename>.</para>
119 <para>îÁËÏÎÅÃ, ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ <filename>tools</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ
120 ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ DOS ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÇÅÏÍÅÔÒÉÉ ÄÉÓËÁ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ
121 ÍÅÎÅÄÖÅÒÏ× É Ô.Ð. üÔÉ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙ É ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ
122 ÄÌÑ ÕÄÏÂÓÔ×Á ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ.</para>
127 <para>ôÉÐÉÞÎÙÊ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, <filename>info</filename>)
128 ÉÚÎÕÔÒÉ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</para>
130 <screen>CHECKSUM.MD5 info.ab info.ad info.inf install.sh
131 info.aa info.ac info.ae info.mtree</screen>
133 <para>æÁÊÌ <filename>CHECKSUM.MD5</filename> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÕÍÍÙ
134 MD5 ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÍÏÇÁÀÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ ÎÅ ÐÏ×ÒÅÖÄÅÎ ÌÉ ÆÁÊÌ.
135 ïÎ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÅÇÏ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
136 ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ. æÁÊÌÙ <filename>info.a*</filename>
137 ÜÔÏ ÞÁÓÔÉ ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ gzip tar ÆÁÊÌÁ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ
138 ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÏ ÔÁË:</para>
140 <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cat info.a* | tar tvzf -</userinput></screen>
142 <para>÷Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÜÔÉ ÞÁÓÔÉ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÑÀÔÓÑ É ÉÚ×ÌÅËÁÀÔÓÑ
143 ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</para>
145 <para>æÁÊÌ <filename>info.inf</filename> ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
146 ÏÎ ÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÞÉÓÌÁ ÞÁÓÔÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
147 ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÉÔØ × ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ. ðÒÉ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÉ
148 ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ× ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ÆÁÊÌ <filename>.inf</filename>
149 <emphasis>ÄÏÌÖÅÎ</emphasis> ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
150 ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ!</para>
152 <para>æÁÊÌ <filename>info.mtree</filename> ÜÔÏ ÅÝÅ ÏÄÉÎ ÎÅ-ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ,
153 ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÊ ÄÌÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ. ïÎ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÅ ÓÕÍÍÙ
154 MD5 ÄÌÑ <emphasis>ÒÁÓÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ</emphasis> ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× É
155 × ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ &man.mtree.8; ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ
156 ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×. éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÉÚ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ
157 <filename>base</filename> ÜÔÏ ÈÏÒÏÛÉÊ ÓÐÏÓÏÂ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÔÒÏÑÎÓËÉÈ ÁÔÁË
158 ÎÁ ×ÁÛÕ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ.</para>
160 <para>îÁËÏÎÅÃ, <filename>install.sh</filename> ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÈ,
161 ËÔÏ ÈÏÞÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.
162 îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ info Ó CDROM ÐÏÓÌÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ,
163 ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ:</para>
165 <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /cdrom/info</userinput>
166 &prompt.root; <userinput>sh install.sh</userinput></screen>