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35 .Nd CAM control program
49 .Op Fl u Ar unit_number
72 .Op Fl r Ar reporttype
101 .Aq all | bus Ns Op :target:lun
104 .Aq all | bus Ns Op :target:lun
116 .Aq Fl m Ar page | Fl l
124 .Aq Fl a Ar cmd Op args
125 .Aq Fl c Ar cmd Op args
128 .Op Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
130 .Op Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
142 .Aq all|off|bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
155 .Op Fl D Ar enable|disable
160 .Op Fl T Ar enable|disable
162 .Op Fl W Ar bus_width
195 .Op Fl l Ar high|maximum
199 .Op Fl U Ar user|master
210 .Op Fl s Ar max_sectors
218 utility is designed to provide a way for users to access and control the
225 can cause a loss of data and/or system crashes if used improperly.
227 expert users are encouraged to exercise caution when using this command.
228 Novice users should stay away from this utility.
232 utility has a number of primary functions, many of which support an optional
234 A device identifier can take one of three forms:
237 Specify a device name and unit number combination, like "da5" or "cd3".
239 Specify a bus number and target id.
240 The bus number can be determined from
242 .Dq camcontrol devlist .
243 The lun defaults to 0.
245 Specify the bus, target and lun for a device.
249 The device identifier, if it is specified,
251 come immediately after the function name, and before any generic or
252 function-specific arguments.
257 arguments described below will override any device name or unit number
258 specified beforehand.
265 override a specified bus:target or bus:target:lun, however.
269 primary functions support these generic arguments:
272 SCSI command retry count.
273 In order for this to work, error recovery
277 Instruct the kernel to perform generic SCSI error recovery for the given
279 This is needed in order for the retry count
282 Other than retrying commands, the generic error recovery in
283 the code will generally attempt to spin up drives that are not spinning.
284 It may take some other actions, depending upon the sense code returned from
287 Specify the device type to operate on, e.g.\& "da", "cd".
289 SCSI command timeout in seconds.
290 This overrides the default timeout for
292 .It Fl u Ar unit_number
293 Specify the device unit number, e.g.\& "1", "5".
295 Be verbose, print out sense information for failed SCSI commands.
298 Primary command functions:
299 .Bl -tag -width periphlist
301 List all physical devices (logical units) attached to the CAM subsystem.
302 This also includes a list of peripheral drivers attached to each device.
305 argument, SCSI bus number, adapter name and unit numbers are printed as
308 List all peripheral drivers attached to a given physical device (logical
311 Send the SCSI test unit ready (0x00) command to the given device.
314 utility will report whether the device is ready or not.
316 Send a SCSI inquiry command (0x12) to a device.
319 will print out the standard inquiry data, device serial number, and
320 transfer rate information.
321 The user can specify that only certain types of
322 inquiry data be printed:
325 Get the standard inquiry data.
327 Print out the serial number.
328 If this flag is the only one specified,
330 will not print out "Serial Number" before the value returned by the drive.
331 This is to aid in script writing.
333 Print out transfer rate information.
336 Send a ATA identify command (0xec) to a device.
338 Send the SCSI REPORT LUNS (0xA0) command to the given device.
341 will print out the list of logical units (LUNs) supported by the target device.
342 There are a couple of options to modify the output:
345 Just print out a count of LUNs, not the actual LUN numbers.
347 Just print out the LUNs, and don't print out the count.
348 .It Fl r Ar reporttype
349 Specify the type of report to request from the target:
350 .Bl -tag -width 012345678
352 Return the default report.
356 Most targets will support this report if they support the REPORT LUNS
359 Return only well known LUNs.
361 Return all available LUNs.
366 will try to print out LUN numbers in a reasonable format.
367 It can understand the peripheral, flat, LUN and extended LUN formats.
369 Send the SCSI READ CAPACITY command to the given device and display
371 If the device is larger than 2TB, the SCSI READ CAPACITY (16) service
372 action will be sent to obtain the full size of the device.
375 will print out the last logical block of the device, and the blocksize of
377 To modify the output format, use the following options:
380 Just print out the blocksize, not the last block or device size.
381 This cannot be used with
386 Print out the device size in human readable (base 2, 1K == 1024) format.
389 and cannot be used with
394 Print out the device size in human readable (base 10, 1K == 1000) format.
396 Print out the number of blocks in the device instead of the last logical
399 Quiet, print out the numbers only (separated by a comma if
405 Print out the last logical block or the size of the device only, and omit
409 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
412 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
415 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
416 start bit set and the load/eject bit set.
418 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
419 start bit cleared and the load/eject bit set.
421 Tell the kernel to scan all busses in the system (with the
423 argument), the given bus (XPT_SCAN_BUS), or bus:target:lun
424 (XPT_SCAN_LUN) for new devices or devices that have gone away.
426 may specify a scan of all busses, a single bus, or a lun.
428 on a target is not supported.
430 Tell the kernel to reset all busses in the system (with the
432 argument) or the given bus (XPT_RESET_BUS) by issuing a SCSI bus
433 reset for that bus, or to reset the given bus:target:lun
434 (XPT_RESET_DEV), typically by issuing a BUS DEVICE RESET message after
435 connecting to that device.
436 Note that this can have a destructive impact
439 Send the SCSI READ DEFECT DATA (10) command (0x37) to the given device, and
440 print out any combination of: the total number of defects, the primary
441 defect list (PLIST), and the grown defect list (GLIST).
444 The three format options are:
446 to print out the list as logical blocks,
448 to print out the list in bytes from index format, and
450 to print out the list in physical sector format.
451 The format argument is
453 Most drives support the physical sector format.
455 support the logical block format.
456 Many drives, if they do not support the
457 requested format, return the data in an alternate format, along with sense
458 information indicating that the requested data format is not supported.
462 attempts to detect this, and print out whatever format the drive returns.
463 If the drive uses a non-standard sense code to report that it does not
464 support the requested format,
466 will probably see the error as a failure to complete the request.
468 Print out the grown defect list.
469 This is a list of bad blocks that have
470 been remapped since the disk left the factory.
472 Print out the primary defect list.
481 will print out the number of defects given in the READ DEFECT DATA header
482 returned from the drive.
484 Allows the user to display and optionally edit a SCSI mode page.
486 page formats are located in
487 .Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes .
488 This can be overridden by specifying a different file in the
490 environment variable.
493 command takes several arguments:
496 Disable block descriptors for mode sense.
498 Displays mode page data in binary format.
500 This flag allows the user to edit values in the mode page.
502 either edit mode page values with the text editor pointed to by his
504 environment variable, or supply mode page values via standard input, using
507 uses to display mode page values.
508 The editor will be invoked if
510 detects that standard input is terminal.
512 Lists all available mode pages.
513 .It Fl m Ar mode_page
514 This specifies the number of the mode page the user would like to view
516 This argument is mandatory unless
520 This allows the user to specify the page control field.
522 .Bl -tag -width xxx -compact
534 Allows the user to send an arbitrary ATA or SCSI CDB to any device.
537 function requires the
539 argument to specify SCSI CDB or the
541 argument to specify ATA Command Block registers values.
542 Other arguments are optional, depending on
544 The command and data specification syntax is documented
547 NOTE: If the CDB specified causes data to be transfered to or from the
548 SCSI device in question, you MUST specify either
553 .It Fl a Ar cmd Op args
554 This specifies the content of 12 ATA Command Block registers (command,
555 features, lba_low, lba_mid, lba_high, device, lba_low_exp, lba_mid_exp.
556 lba_high_exp, features_exp, sector_count, sector_count_exp).
557 .It Fl c Ar cmd Op args
558 This specifies the SCSI CDB.
559 SCSI CDBs may be 6, 10, 12 or 16 bytes.
561 Specifies DMA protocol to be used for ATA command.
563 Specifies FPDMA (NCQ) protocol to be used for ATA command.
564 .It Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
565 This specifies the amount of data to read, and how it should be displayed.
569 bytes of data will be read from the device and written to standard output.
570 .It Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
571 This specifies the amount of data to be written to a device, and the data
572 that is to be written.
576 bytes of data will be read from standard input and written to the device.
578 This specifies that 11 result ATA Command Block registers should be displayed
579 (status, error, lba_low, lba_mid, lba_high, device, lba_low_exp, lba_mid_exp,
580 lba_high_exp, sector_count, sector_count_exp), and how.
583 11 result registers will be written to standard output in hex.
586 Turn on CAM debugging printfs in the kernel.
587 This requires options CAMDEBUG
588 in your kernel config file.
589 WARNING: enabling debugging printfs currently
590 causes an EXTREME number of kernel printfs.
591 You may have difficulty
592 turning off the debugging printfs once they start, since the kernel will be
593 busy printing messages and unable to service other requests quickly.
596 function takes a number of arguments:
599 Enable CAM_DEBUG_INFO printfs.
601 Enable CAM_DEBUG_PERIPH printfs.
603 Enable CAM_DEBUG_TRACE printfs.
605 Enable CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE printfs.
607 Enable CAM_DEBUG_XPT printfs.
609 Enable CAM_DEBUG_CDB printfs.
610 This will cause the kernel to print out the
611 SCSI CDBs sent to the specified device(s).
613 Enable CAM_DEBUG_PROBE printfs.
615 Enable debugging for all devices.
617 Turn off debugging for all devices
618 .It bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
619 Turn on debugging for the given bus, target or lun.
621 and lun are not specified, they are wildcarded.
622 (i.e., just specifying a
623 bus turns on debugging printfs for all devices on that bus.)
626 Show or set the number of "tagged openings" or simultaneous transactions
627 we attempt to queue to a particular device.
630 command, with no command-specific arguments (i.e., only generic arguments)
631 prints out the "soft" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to
632 the device in question.
633 For more detailed information, use the
635 argument described below.
638 Set the number of tags for the given device.
639 This must be between the
640 minimum and maximum number set in the kernel quirk table.
642 most devices that support tagged queueing is a minimum of 2 and a maximum
644 The minimum and maximum values for a given device may be
645 determined by using the
652 subcommand is described below.
654 Be quiet, and do not report the number of tags.
655 This is generally used when
656 setting the number of tags.
658 The verbose flag has special functionality for the
663 to print out the tagged queueing related fields of the XPT_GDEV_TYPE CCB:
666 This is the amount of capacity for transactions queued to a given device.
668 This is the number of transactions currently queued to a device.
670 This is the kernel queue space for transactions.
671 This count usually mirrors
672 dev_openings except during error recovery operations when
673 the device queue is frozen (device is not allowed to receive
674 commands), the number of dev_openings is reduced, or transaction
677 This is the number of transactions waiting in the kernel queue for capacity
679 This number is usually zero unless error recovery is in
682 The held count is the number of CCBs held by peripheral drivers that have
683 either just been completed or are about to be released to the transport
684 layer for service by a device.
685 Held CCBs reserve capacity on a given
688 This is the current "hard" minimum number of transactions that can be
689 queued to a device at once.
692 value above cannot go below this number.
693 The default value for
695 is 2, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
697 This is the "hard" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to a
701 value cannot go above this number.
702 The default value for
704 is 255, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
708 Show or negotiate various communication parameters.
710 not support setting or changing some of these values.
712 Adaptec 174x controllers do not support changing a device's sync rate or
717 will not attempt to set the parameter if the controller indicates that it
718 does not support setting the parameter.
719 To find out what the controller
727 command is described below.
728 Also, some controller drivers do not support
729 setting negotiation parameters, even if the underlying controller supports
731 Some controllers, such as the Advansys wide
732 controllers, support enabling and disabling synchronous negotiation for
733 a device, but do not support setting the synchronous negotiation rate.
736 Attempt to make the negotiation settings take effect immediately by sending
737 a Test Unit Ready command to the device.
739 Show or set current negotiation settings.
741 .It Fl D Ar enable|disable
742 Enable or disable disconnection.
746 Set the command delay offset.
748 Be quiet, do not print anything.
749 This is generally useful when you want to
750 set a parameter, but do not want any status information.
752 Change the synchronization rate for a device.
753 The sync rate is a floating
754 point value specified in MHz.
757 is a legal value, as is
759 .It Fl T Ar enable|disable
760 Enable or disable tagged queueing for a device.
762 Show or set user negotiation settings.
763 The default is to show or set
764 current negotiation settings.
766 The verbose switch has special meaning for the
771 to print out the contents of a Path Inquiry (XPT_PATH_INQ) CCB sent to the
773 .It Fl W Ar bus_width
774 Specify the bus width to negotiate with a device.
777 The only useful values to specify are 8, 16, and 32
779 The controller must support the bus width in question in order for
780 the setting to take effect.
783 In general, sync rate and offset settings will not take effect for a
784 device until a command has been sent to the device.
787 switch above will automatically send a Test Unit Ready to the device so
788 negotiation parameters will take effect.
792 FORMAT UNIT command to the named device.
794 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
796 Low level formatting a disk will destroy ALL data on the disk.
798 extreme caution when issuing this command.
799 Many users low-level format
800 disks that do not really need to be low-level formatted.
802 relatively few scenarios that call for low-level formatting a disk.
804 low-level formatting a disk is to initialize the disk after changing
805 its physical sector size.
806 Another reason for low-level formatting a disk
807 is to revive the disk if you are getting "medium format corrupted" errors
808 from the disk in response to read and write requests.
810 Some disks take longer than others to format.
811 Users should specify a
812 timeout long enough to allow the format to complete.
814 timeout is 3 hours, which should be long enough for most disks.
816 disks will complete a format operation in a very short period of time
817 (on the order of 5 minutes or less).
818 This is often because the drive
819 does not really support the FORMAT UNIT command -- it just accepts the
820 command, waits a few minutes and then returns it.
824 subcommand takes several arguments that modify its default behavior.
829 arguments can be useful for scripts.
833 Be quiet, do not print any status messages.
834 This option will not disable
835 the questions, however.
836 To disable questions, use the
843 This will report status on a format that is already running on the drive.
845 Issue a non-immediate format command.
848 issues the FORMAT UNIT command with the immediate bit set.
850 device to immediately return the format command, before the format has
856 sense information from the device every second to determine how far along
857 in the format process it is.
860 argument is specified,
862 will issue a non-immediate format command, and will be unable to print any
863 information to let the user know what percentage of the disk has been
866 Do not ask any questions.
869 will ask the user if he/she really wants to format the disk in question,
870 and also if the default format command timeout is acceptable.
872 will not be asked about the timeout if a timeout is specified on the
876 Put ATA device into IDLE state. Optional parameter
878 specifies automatic standby timer value in seconds. Value 0 disables timer.
880 Put ATA device into STANDBY state. Optional parameter
882 specifies automatic standby timer value in seconds. Value 0 disables timer.
884 Put ATA device into SLEEP state. Note that the only way get device out of
885 this state may be reset.
887 Update or report security settings, using an ATA identify command (0xec).
890 will print out the security support and associated settings of the device.
893 command takes several arguments:
897 Disable device security using the given password for the selected user according
898 to the devices configured security level.
901 Erase the device using the given password for the selected user.
903 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
905 Issuing a secure erase will
907 user data on the device and may take several hours to complete.
909 When this command is used against an SSD drive all its cells will be marked as
910 empty, restoring it to factory default write performance. For SSD's this action
911 usually takes just a few seconds.
914 Freeze the security configuration of the specified device.
916 After command completion any other commands that update the device lock mode
917 shall be command aborted. Frozen mode is disabled by power-off or hardware reset.
920 Enhanced erase the device using the given password for the selected user.
922 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
924 Issuing an enhanced secure erase will
926 user data on the device and may take several hours to complete.
928 An enhanced erase writes predetermined data patterns to all user data areas,
929 all previously written user data shall be overwritten, including sectors that
930 are no longer in use due to reallocation.
933 Unlock the device using the given password for the selected user according to
934 the devices configured security level.
935 .It Fl l Ar high|maximum
937 Specifies which security level to set when issuing a
939 command. The security level determines device behavior when the master
940 password is used to unlock the device. When the security level is set to high
941 the device requires the unlock command and the master password to unlock.
942 When the security level is set to maximum the device requires a secure erase
943 with the master password to unlock.
945 This option must be used in conjunction with one of the security action commands.
951 Be quiet, do not print any status messages.
952 This option will not disable the questions, however.
953 To disable questions, use the
958 Password the device (enable security) using the given password for the selected
959 user. This option can be combined with other options such as
962 A master password may be set in a addition to the user password. The purpose of
963 the master password is to allow an administrator to establish a password that
964 is kept secret from the user, and which may be used to unlock the device if the
965 user password is lost.
968 Setting the master password does not enable device security.
970 If the master password is set and the drive supports a Master Revision Code
971 feature the Master Password Revision Code will be decremented.
974 Overrides the default timeout, specified in seconds, used for both
978 this is useful if your system has problems processing long timeouts correctly.
980 Usually the timeout is calculated from the information stored on the drive if
981 present, otherwise it defaults to 2 hours.
982 .It Fl U Ar user|master
984 Specifies which user to set / use for the running action command, valid values
985 are user or master and defaults to master if not set.
987 This option must be used in conjunction with one of the security action commands.
993 Confirm yes to dangerous options such as
995 without prompting for confirmation.
998 If the password specified for any action commands doesn't match the configured
999 password for the specified user the command will fail.
1001 The password in all cases is limited to 32 characters, longer passwords will
1004 Update or report Host Protected Area details.
1007 will print out the HPA support and associated settings of the device.
1010 command takes several optional arguments:
1014 Freeze the HPA configuration of the specified device.
1016 After command completion any other commands that update the HPA configuration
1017 shall be command aborted.
1018 Frozen mode is disabled by power-off or hardware reset.
1021 Lock the HPA configuration of the device until a successful call to unlock or
1022 the next power-on reset occurs.
1025 Make the HPA max sectors persist across power-on reset or a hardware reset.
1026 This must be used in combination with
1027 .Fl s Ar max_sectors
1031 Set the HPA configuration password required for unlock calls.
1034 Be quiet, do not print any status messages.
1035 This option will not disable the questions.
1036 To disable questions, use the
1039 .It Fl s Ar max_sectors
1041 Configures the maximum user accessible sectors of the device.
1042 This will change the number of sectors the device reports.
1044 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
1046 Changing the max sectors of a device using this option will make the data on
1047 the device beyond the specified value inaccessible.
1050 .Fl s Ar max_sectors
1051 call can be made without a power-on reset or a hardware reset of the device.
1054 Unlock the HPA configuration of the specified device using the given password.
1055 If the password specified doesn't match the password configured via
1057 the command will fail.
1059 After 5 failed unlock calls, due to password miss-match, the device will refuse
1060 additional unlock calls until after a power-on reset.
1063 Confirm yes to dangerous options such as
1065 without prompting for confirmation
1068 The password for all HPA commands is limited to 32 characters, longer passwords
1071 Print out verbose usage information.
1076 variable allows the user to specify an alternate mode page format file.
1080 variable determines which text editor
1082 starts when editing mode pages.
1084 .Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes -compact
1085 .It Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes
1086 is the SCSI mode format database.
1088 is the transport layer device.
1090 are the CAM application passthrough devices.
1093 .Dl camcontrol eject -n cd -u 1 -v
1095 Eject the CD from cd1, and print SCSI sense information if the command
1098 .Dl camcontrol tur da0
1100 Send the SCSI test unit ready command to da0.
1103 utility will report whether the disk is ready, but will not display sense
1104 information if the command fails since the
1106 switch was not specified.
1108 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1109 camcontrol tur da1 -E -C 4 -t 50 -v
1112 Send a test unit ready command to da1.
1113 Enable kernel error recovery.
1114 Specify a retry count of 4, and a timeout of 50 seconds.
1118 flag) if the command fails.
1119 Since error recovery is turned on, the
1120 disk will be spun up if it is not currently spinning.
1123 utility will report whether the disk is ready.
1124 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1125 camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
1126 -i 0xe "s1 i3 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1"
1129 Issue a READ BUFFER command (0x3C) to cd1.
1130 Display the buffer size of cd1,
1131 and display the first 10 bytes from the cache on cd1.
1133 information if the command fails.
1135 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1136 camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
1137 -o 14 "00 00 00 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 v v v v" 7 8 9 8
1140 Issue a WRITE BUFFER (0x3B) command to cd1.
1141 Write out 10 bytes of data,
1142 not including the (reserved) 4 byte header.
1143 Print out sense information if
1145 Be very careful with this command, improper use may
1146 cause data corruption.
1148 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1149 camcontrol modepage da3 -m 1 -e -P 3
1152 Edit mode page 1 (the Read-Write Error Recover page) for da3, and save the
1153 settings on the drive.
1154 Mode page 1 contains a disk drive's auto read and
1155 write reallocation settings, among other things.
1157 .Dl camcontrol rescan all
1159 Rescan all SCSI busses in the system for devices that have been added,
1162 .Dl camcontrol rescan 0
1164 Rescan SCSI bus 0 for devices that have been added, removed or changed.
1166 .Dl camcontrol rescan 0:1:0
1168 Rescan SCSI bus 0, target 1, lun 0 to see if it has been added, removed, or
1171 .Dl camcontrol tags da5 -N 24
1173 Set the number of concurrent transactions for da5 to 24.
1175 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1176 camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 4 -T disable
1179 Disable tagged queueing for da4.
1181 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1182 camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 3 -R 20.000 -O 15 -a
1185 Negotiate a sync rate of 20MHz and an offset of 15 with da3.
1187 Test Unit Ready command to make the settings take effect.
1188 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1189 camcontrol security ada0
1192 Report security support and settings for ada0
1193 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1194 camcontrol security ada0 -u user -s MyPass
1197 Enable security on device ada0 with the password MyPass
1198 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1199 camcontrol security ada0 -u user -e MyPass
1202 Secure erase ada0 which has had security enabled with user password MyPass
1204 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
1208 data from the device, so backup your data before using!
1210 This command can be used used against an SSD drive to restoring it to
1211 factory default write performance.
1212 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1216 Report HPA support and settings for ada0 (also reported via
1218 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1219 camcontrol hpa ada0 -s 10240
1222 Enables HPA on ada0 setting the maximum reported sectors to 10240.
1224 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
1228 to all data on the device beyond this limit until HPA is disabled by setting
1229 HPA to native max sectors of the device, which can only be done after a
1230 power-on or hardware reset!
1233 use this on a device which has an active filesystem!
1236 .Xr cam_cdbparse 3 ,
1243 utility first appeared in
1246 The mode page editing code and arbitrary SCSI command code are based upon
1251 library, written by Julian Elischer and Peter Dufault.
1254 program first appeared in
1256 and first appeared in
1261 .An Kenneth Merry Aq ken@FreeBSD.org
1263 The code that parses the generic command line arguments does not know that
1264 some of the subcommands take multiple arguments.
1265 So if, for instance, you
1266 tried something like this:
1267 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1268 camcontrol cmd -n da -u 1 -c "00 00 00 00 00 v" 0x00 -v
1271 The sense information from the test unit ready command would not get
1272 printed out, since the first
1276 bails out when it sees the second argument to
1280 Fixing this behavior would take some gross code, or changes to the
1283 The best way to circumvent this problem is to always make sure
1286 arguments before any command-specific arguments.
projects / FreeBSD / stable / 8.git / blob