2 * Mach Operating System
3 * Copyright (c) 1992 Carnegie Mellon University
6 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
7 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
8 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
9 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
10 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
12 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
13 * CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
14 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
18 * Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
19 * School of Computer Science
20 * Carnegie Mellon University
21 * Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
23 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
24 * the rights to redistribute these changes.
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
32 #include <sys/diskpc98.h>
33 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/mount.h>
52 static char lbuf[LBUF];
56 * Ported to 386bsd by Julian Elischer Thu Oct 15 20:26:46 PDT 1992
58 * 14-Dec-89 Robert Baron (rvb) at Carnegie-Mellon University
59 * Copyright (c) 1989 Robert. V. Baron
63 #define Decimal(str, ans, tmp) if (decimal(str, &tmp, ans)) ans = tmp
64 #define String(str, ans, len) {char *z = ans; char **dflt = &z; if (string(str, dflt)) strncpy(ans, *dflt, len); }
66 #define RoundCyl(x) ((((x) + cylsecs - 1) / cylsecs) * cylsecs)
68 #define MAX_SEC_SIZE 2048 /* maximum section size that is supported */
69 #define MIN_SEC_SIZE 512 /* the sector size to start sensing at */
70 static int secsize = 0; /* the sensed sector size */
74 static int cyls, sectors, heads, cylsecs, disksecs;
77 unsigned char padding[2]; /* force the longs to be long aligned */
78 unsigned char bootinst[510];
79 unsigned short int signature;
80 struct pc98_partition parts[8];
81 unsigned char large_sector_overflow[MAX_SEC_SIZE-MIN_SEC_SIZE];
84 static struct mboot mboot;
88 static uint dos_heads;
89 static uint dos_sectors;
90 static uint dos_cylsecs;
103 static int B_flag = 0; /* replace boot code */
104 static int I_flag = 0; /* Inizialize disk to defaults */
105 static int a_flag = 0; /* set active partition */
106 static int i_flag = 0; /* replace partition data */
107 static int u_flag = 0; /* update partition data */
108 static int s_flag = 0; /* Print a summary and exit */
109 static int t_flag = 0; /* test only */
110 static char *f_flag = NULL; /* Read config info from file */
111 static int v_flag = 0; /* Be verbose */
113 static struct part_type
119 ,{0x01, "Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT"}
125 ,{0x02, "XENIX / file system"}
126 ,{0x03, "XENIX /usr file system"}
128 ,{0x05, "Extended DOS"}
129 ,{0x06, "Primary 'big' DOS (> 32MB)"}
130 ,{0x07, "OS/2 HPFS, QNX or Advanced UNIX"}
131 ,{0x08, "AIX file system"}
132 ,{0x09, "AIX boot partition or Coherent"}
133 ,{0x0A, "OS/2 Boot Manager or OPUS"}
135 ,{0x14, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
136 ,{0x94, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
140 ,{0x52, "CP/M or Microport SysV/AT"}
143 ,{0x63, "ISC UNIX, other System V/386, GNU HURD or Mach"}
144 ,{0x64, "Novell Netware 2.xx"}
145 ,{0x65, "Novell Netware 3.xx"}
150 static void print_s0(int which);
151 static void print_part(int i);
152 static void init_sector0(unsigned long start);
153 static void init_boot(void);
154 static void change_part(int i, int force);
155 static void print_params(void);
156 static void change_active(int which);
157 static void change_code(void);
158 static void get_params_to_use(void);
159 static char *get_rootdisk(void);
160 static void dos(u_int32_t start, u_int32_t size, struct pc98_partition *partp);
161 static int open_disk(int flag);
162 static ssize_t read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
163 static int write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
164 static int get_params(void);
165 static int read_s0(void);
166 static int write_s0(void);
167 static int ok(const char *str);
168 static int decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt);
169 static const char *get_type(int type);
170 static void usage(void);
171 static int string(const char *str, char **ans);
172 static void reset_boot(void);
175 main(int argc, char *argv[])
180 struct pc98_partition *partp;
182 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "BIa:f:istuv12345678")) != -1)
224 if (f_flag || i_flag)
232 disk = get_rootdisk();
234 if (stat(argv[0], &sb) == 0) {
235 /* OK, full pathname given */
237 } else if (errno == ENOENT && argv[0][0] != '/') {
238 /* Try prepending "/dev" */
239 asprintf(&disk, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
241 errx(1, "out of memory");
243 /* other stat error, let it fail below */
247 if (open_disk(u_flag) < 0)
248 err(1, "cannot open disk %s", disk);
253 printf("%s: %d cyl %d hd %d sec\n", disk, dos_cyls, dos_heads,
255 printf("Part %11s %11s %4s %4s %-16s\n", "Start", "Size", "MID",
257 for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
258 partp = ((struct pc98_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
259 if (partp->dp_sid == 0)
261 printf("%4d: %11u %11u 0x%02x 0x%02x %-16.16s\n", i + 1,
262 partp->dp_scyl * cylsecs,
263 (partp->dp_ecyl - partp->dp_scyl + 1) * cylsecs,
264 partp->dp_mid, partp->dp_sid, partp->dp_name);
269 printf("******* Working on device %s *******\n",disk);
274 partp = (struct pc98_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
275 partp->dp_mid = DOSMID_386BSD;
276 partp->dp_sid = DOSSID_386BSD;
277 strncpy(partp->dp_name, "FreeBSD", sizeof(partp->dp_name));
279 partp->dp_scyl = partp->dp_ipl_cyl = 1;
280 partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_ipl_head = 1;
281 partp->dp_ssect = partp->dp_ipl_sct = 0;
284 partp->dp_ecyl = dos_cyls - 1;
285 partp->dp_ehd = dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
286 partp->dp_esect = dos_sectors;
307 init_sector0(dos_sectors);
309 printf("Media sector size is %d\n", secsize);
310 printf("Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1\n");
311 printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
313 for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
314 change_part(i, v_flag);
316 change_part(partition, 1);
318 if (u_flag || a_flag)
319 change_active(partition);
324 if (u_flag || a_flag || B_flag) {
326 printf("\nWe haven't changed the partition table yet. ");
327 printf("This is your last chance.\n");
331 if (ok("Should we write new partition table?"))
334 printf("\n-t flag specified -- partition table not written.\n");
345 fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
346 "usage: fdisk [-BIaistu] [-12345678] [disk]\n",
347 " fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk]\n");
351 static struct pc98_partition mtpart;
356 struct pc98_partition *partp;
358 partp = ((struct pc98_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
359 return (bcmp(partp, &mtpart, sizeof (struct pc98_partition)) == 0);
368 printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
370 for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
371 if (v_flag || !part_unused(i)) {
383 struct pc98_partition *partp;
384 u_int64_t part_sz, part_mb;
386 if (part_unused(i)) {
387 printf("<UNUSED>\n");
391 * Be careful not to overflow.
393 partp = ((struct pc98_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
394 part_sz = (partp->dp_ecyl - partp->dp_scyl + 1) * cylsecs;
395 part_mb = part_sz * secsize;
396 part_mb /= (1024 * 1024);
397 printf("sysmid %d (%#04x),(%s)\n", partp->dp_mid, partp->dp_mid,
398 get_type(partp->dp_mid));
399 printf(" start %lu, size %lu (%ju Meg), sid %d\n",
400 (u_long)(partp->dp_scyl * cylsecs), (u_long)part_sz,
401 (uintmax_t)part_mb, partp->dp_sid);
402 printf("\tbeg: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d;\n\tend: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d\n"
409 printf ("\tsystem Name %.16s\n", partp->dp_name);
417 mboot.signature = DOSMAGIC;
422 init_sector0(unsigned long start)
424 struct pc98_partition *partp =
425 (struct pc98_partition *)(&mboot.parts[0]);
429 partp->dp_mid = DOSMID_386BSD;
430 partp->dp_sid = DOSSID_386BSD;
432 dos(start, disksecs - start, partp);
436 change_part(int i, int force)
438 struct pc98_partition *partp =
439 ((struct pc98_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
441 if (!force && part_unused(i))
444 printf("The data for partition %d is:\n", i);
447 if (u_flag && ok("Do you want to change it?")) {
451 bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct pc98_partition));
454 printf("\nThe static data for the slice 1 has been reinitialized to:\n");
459 int x_start = partp->dp_scyl * cylsecs ;
460 int x_size = (partp->dp_ecyl - partp->dp_scyl + 1) * cylsecs;
461 Decimal("sysmid", partp->dp_mid, tmp);
462 Decimal("syssid", partp->dp_sid, tmp);
463 String ("system name", partp->dp_name, 16);
464 Decimal("start", x_start, tmp);
465 Decimal("size", x_size, tmp);
467 if (ok("Explicitly specify beg/end address ?"))
470 tcyl = partp->dp_scyl;
472 tsec = partp->dp_ssect;
473 Decimal("beginning cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
474 Decimal("beginning head", thd, tmp);
475 Decimal("beginning sector", tsec, tmp);
476 partp->dp_scyl = tcyl;
477 partp->dp_ssect = tsec;
479 partp->dp_ipl_cyl = partp->dp_scyl;
480 partp->dp_ipl_sct = partp->dp_ssect;
481 partp->dp_ipl_head = partp->dp_shd;
483 tcyl = partp->dp_ecyl;
485 tsec = partp->dp_esect;
486 Decimal("ending cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
487 Decimal("ending head", thd, tmp);
488 Decimal("ending sector", tsec, tmp);
489 partp->dp_ecyl = tcyl;
490 partp->dp_esect = tsec;
493 dos(x_start, x_size, partp);
496 } while (!ok("Are we happy with this entry?"));
503 printf("parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:\n");
504 printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
505 ,cyls,heads,sectors,cylsecs);
506 if (dos_cyls > 65535 || dos_heads > 255 || dos_sectors > 255)
507 printf("Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1\n");
508 printf("parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:\n");
509 printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
510 ,dos_cyls,dos_heads,dos_sectors,dos_cylsecs);
514 change_active(int which)
516 struct pc98_partition *partp = &mboot.parts[0];
517 int active, i, new, tmp;
520 for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
521 if ((partp[i].dp_sid & PC98_SID_ACTIVE) == 0)
523 printf("Partition %d is marked active\n", i + 1);
527 if (a_flag && which != -1)
529 else if (active == -1)
532 if (!ok("Do you want to change the active partition?"))
537 Decimal("active partition", new, tmp);
538 if (new < 1 || new > 8) {
539 printf("Active partition number must be in range 1-8."
544 } while (!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
545 if (active > 0 && active <= 8)
546 partp[active-1].dp_sid |= PC98_SID_ACTIVE;
552 if (ok("Do you want to change the boot code?"))
561 if (ok("Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks ?"))
565 Decimal("BIOS's idea of #cylinders", dos_cyls, tmp);
566 Decimal("BIOS's idea of #heads", dos_heads, tmp);
567 Decimal("BIOS's idea of #sectors", dos_sectors, tmp);
568 dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
571 while(!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
576 /***********************************************\
577 * Change real numbers into strange dos numbers *
578 \***********************************************/
580 dos(u_int32_t start, u_int32_t size, struct pc98_partition *partp)
584 if (partp->dp_mid == 0 && partp->dp_sid == 0 &&
585 start == 0 && size == 0) {
586 memcpy(partp, &mtpart, sizeof(*partp));
591 partp->dp_scyl = partp->dp_ipl_cyl = start / dos_cylsecs;
592 partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_ipl_head = start % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
593 partp->dp_ssect = partp->dp_ipl_sct = start % dos_sectors;
596 end = start + size - cylsecs;
597 partp->dp_ecyl = end / dos_cylsecs;
598 partp->dp_ehd = end % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
599 partp->dp_esect = end % dos_sectors;
608 if (stat(disk, &st) == -1) {
611 warnx("can't get file status of %s", disk);
614 if ( !(st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) )
615 warnx("device %s is not character special", disk);
616 rwmode = I_flag || a_flag || B_flag || flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY;
617 fd = open(disk, rwmode);
618 if (fd == -1 && errno == EPERM && rwmode == O_RDWR)
619 fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY);
620 if (fd == -1 && errno == ENXIO)
623 warnx("can't open device %s", disk);
626 if (get_params() == -1) {
627 warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s", disk);
634 read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
637 lseek(fd, (sector * 512), 0);
639 secsize > MIN_SEC_SIZE ? secsize : MIN_SEC_SIZE * 2);
643 write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
646 struct gctl_req *grq;
651 sz = secsize > MIN_SEC_SIZE ? secsize : MIN_SEC_SIZE * 2;
652 grq = gctl_get_handle();
653 gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write PC98");
654 gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "PC98");
655 q = strrchr(disk, '/');
660 gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, q);
661 gctl_ro_param(grq, "data", sz, buf);
667 warnx("Geom problem: %s", q);
670 warnx("Warning: Partitioning via geom failed, trying raw write");
671 error = pwrite(fd, buf, sz, sector * 512);
675 for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
676 sprintf(fbuf, "%ss%d", disk, i + 1);
677 fdw = open(fbuf, O_RDWR, 0);
680 error = ioctl(fdw, DIOCSPC98, buf);
685 warnx("Failed to write sector zero");
696 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u);
698 sectors = dos_sectors = u;
700 sectors = dos_sectors = 17;
702 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u);
704 heads = dos_heads = u;
706 heads = dos_heads = 8;
708 dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
709 disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
711 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &u);
712 if (error != 0 || u == 0)
716 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &o);
719 cyls = dos_cyls = o / (u * dos_heads * dos_sectors);
730 if (read_disk(0, (char *) mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
731 warnx("can't read fdisk partition table");
734 if (mboot.signature != DOSMAGIC) {
735 warnx("invalid fdisk partition table found");
736 /* So should we initialize things */
753 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
754 * disable after writing.
755 * needed if the disklabel protected area also protects
756 * sector 0. (e.g. empty disk)
758 if (write_disk(0, (char *) mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
759 warn("can't write fdisk partition table");
770 printf("%s [n] ", str);
772 if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
774 lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
777 (!strcmp(lbuf, "yes") || !strcmp(lbuf, "YES") ||
778 !strcmp(lbuf, "y") || !strcmp(lbuf, "Y")))
785 decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt)
791 printf("Supply a decimal value for \"%s\" [%d] ", str, deflt);
793 if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
795 lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
801 while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
804 while ((c = *cp++)) {
805 if (c <= '9' && c >= '0')
806 acc = acc * 10 + c - '0';
810 if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
811 while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
816 printf("%s is an invalid decimal number. Try again.\n",
823 string(const char *str, char **ans)
829 printf("Supply a string value for \"%s\" [%s] ", str, *ans);
830 fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin);
831 lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
836 while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
840 while ((c = *cp) && c != '"') cp++;
843 while ((c = *cp) && c != ' ' && c != '\t') cp++;
846 for (i = strlen(*ans); i < 16; i++)
857 int numentries = (sizeof(part_types)/sizeof(struct part_type));
859 struct part_type *ptr = part_types;
862 while(counter < numentries) {
863 if(ptr->type == (type & 0x7f))
872 * Try figuring out the root device's canonical disk name.
873 * The following choices are considered:
874 * /dev/ad0s1a => /dev/ad0
875 * /dev/da0a => /dev/da0
876 * /dev/vinum/root => /dev/vinum/root
881 struct statfs rootfs;
884 regmatch_t rm[NMATCHES];
888 if (statfs("/", &rootfs) == -1)
889 err(1, "statfs(\"/\")");
891 if ((rv = regcomp(&re, "^(/dev/[a-z]+[0-9]+)([sp][0-9]+)?[a-h]?$",
893 errx(1, "regcomp() failed (%d)", rv);
894 if ((rv = regexec(&re, rootfs.f_mntfromname, NMATCHES, rm, 0)) != 0)
896 "mounted root fs resource doesn't match expectations (regexec returned %d)",
898 if ((s = malloc(rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so + 1)) == NULL)
899 errx(1, "out of memory");
900 memcpy(s, rootfs.f_mntfromname + rm[1].rm_so,
901 rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so);
902 s[rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so] = 0;
911 struct pc98_partition *partp;
914 for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++) {
915 partp = ((struct pc98_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
916 bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct pc98_partition));