sbin/fsck_ffs/main.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  */
  29
  30 #if 0
  31 #ifndef lint
  32 static const char copyright[] =
  33 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993\n\
  34         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  35 #endif /* not lint */
  36
  37 #ifndef lint
  38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c      8.6 (Berkeley) 5/14/95";
  39 #endif /* not lint */
  40 #endif
  41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  43
  44 #include <sys/param.h>
  45 #include <sys/stat.h>
  46 #include <sys/file.h>
  47 #include <sys/time.h>
  48 #include <sys/mount.h>
  49 #include <sys/resource.h>
  50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  51 #include <sys/uio.h>
  52 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
  53
  54 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
  55 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
  56
  57 #include <err.h>
  58 #include <errno.h>
  59 #include <fstab.h>
  60 #include <grp.h>
  61 #include <mntopts.h>
  62 #include <paths.h>
  63 #include <stdint.h>
  64 #include <string.h>
  65
  66 #include "fsck.h"
  67
  68 static void usage(void) __dead2;
  69 static int argtoi(int flag, const char *req, const char *str, int base);
  70 static int checkfilesys(char *filesys);
  71 static int chkdoreload(struct statfs *mntp);
  72 static struct statfs *getmntpt(const char *);
  73
  74 int
  75 main(int argc, char *argv[])
  76 {
  77         int ch;
  78         struct rlimit rlimit;
  79         struct itimerval itimerval;
  80         int ret = 0;
  81
  82         sync();
  83         skipclean = 1;
  84         inoopt = 0;
  85         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "b:Bc:CdEfFm:npry")) != -1) {
  86                 switch (ch) {
  87                 case 'b':
  88                         skipclean = 0;
  89                         bflag = argtoi('b', "number", optarg, 10);
  90                         printf("Alternate super block location: %d\n", bflag);
  91                         break;
  92
  93                 case 'B':
  94                         bkgrdflag = 1;
  95                         break;
  96
  97                 case 'c':
  98                         skipclean = 0;
  99                         cvtlevel = argtoi('c', "conversion level", optarg, 10);
 100                         if (cvtlevel < 3)
 101                                 errx(EEXIT, "cannot do level %d conversion",
 102                                     cvtlevel);
 103                         break;
 104
 105                 case 'd':
 106                         debug++;
 107                         break;
 108
 109                 case 'E':
 110                         Eflag++;
 111                         break;
 112
 113                 case 'f':
 114                         skipclean = 0;
 115                         break;
 116
 117                 case 'F':
 118                         bkgrdcheck = 1;
 119                         break;
 120
 121                 case 'm':
 122                         lfmode = argtoi('m', "mode", optarg, 8);
 123                         if (lfmode &~ 07777)
 124                                 errx(EEXIT, "bad mode to -m: %o", lfmode);
 125                         printf("** lost+found creation mode %o\n", lfmode);
 126                         break;
 127
 128                 case 'n':
 129                         nflag++;
 130                         yflag = 0;
 131                         break;
 132
 133                 case 'p':
 134                         preen++;
 135                         /*FALLTHROUGH*/
 136
 137                 case 'C':
 138                         ckclean++;
 139                         break;
 140
 141                 case 'r':
 142                         inoopt++;
 143                         break;
 144
 145                 case 'y':
 146                         yflag++;
 147                         nflag = 0;
 148                         break;
 149
 150                 default:
 151                         usage();
 152                 }
 153         }
 154         argc -= optind;
 155         argv += optind;
 156
 157         if (!argc)
 158                 usage();
 159
 160         if (signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 161                 (void)signal(SIGINT, catch);
 162         if (ckclean)
 163                 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, catchquit);
 164         signal(SIGINFO, infohandler);
 165         if (bkgrdflag) {
 166                 signal(SIGALRM, alarmhandler);
 167                 itimerval.it_interval.tv_sec = 5;
 168                 itimerval.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
 169                 itimerval.it_value.tv_sec = 5;
 170                 itimerval.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
 171                 setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itimerval, NULL);
 172         }
 173         /*
 174          * Push up our allowed memory limit so we can cope
 175          * with huge file systems.
 176          */
 177         if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlimit) == 0) {
 178                 rlimit.rlim_cur = rlimit.rlim_max;
 179                 (void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlimit);
 180         }
 181         while (argc-- > 0)
 182                 (void)checkfilesys(*argv++);
 183
 184         if (returntosingle)
 185                 ret = 2;
 186         exit(ret);
 187 }
 188
 189 static int
 190 argtoi(int flag, const char *req, const char *str, int base)
 191 {
 192         char *cp;
 193         int ret;
 194
 195         ret = (int)strtol(str, &cp, base);
 196         if (cp == str || *cp)
 197                 errx(EEXIT, "-%c flag requires a %s", flag, req);
 198         return (ret);
 199 }
 200
 201 /*
 202  * Check the specified file system.
 203  */
 204 /* ARGSUSED */
 205 static int
 206 checkfilesys(char *filesys)
 207 {
 208         ufs2_daddr_t n_ffree, n_bfree;
 209         struct dups *dp;
 210         struct statfs *mntp;
 211         struct stat snapdir;
 212         struct group *grp;
 213         ufs2_daddr_t blks;
 214         struct iovec *iov;
 215         char errmsg[255];
 216         int iovlen;
 217         int cylno;
 218         ino_t files;
 219         size_t size;
 220
 221         iov = NULL;
 222         iovlen = 0;
 223         errmsg[0] = '\0';
 224
 225         cdevname = filesys;
 226         if (debug && ckclean)
 227                 pwarn("starting\n");
 228         /*
 229          * Make best effort to get the disk name. Check first to see
 230          * if it is listed among the mounted file systems. Failing that
 231          * check to see if it is listed in /etc/fstab.
 232          */
 233         mntp = getmntpt(filesys);
 234         if (mntp != NULL)
 235                 filesys = mntp->f_mntfromname;
 236         else
 237                 filesys = blockcheck(filesys);
 238         /*
 239          * If -F flag specified, check to see whether a background check
 240          * is possible and needed. If possible and needed, exit with
 241          * status zero. Otherwise exit with status non-zero. A non-zero
 242          * exit status will cause a foreground check to be run.
 243          */
 244         sblock_init();
 245         if (bkgrdcheck) {
 246                 if ((fsreadfd = open(filesys, O_RDONLY)) < 0 || readsb(0) == 0)
 247                         exit(3);        /* Cannot read superblock */
 248                 close(fsreadfd);
 249                 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_NEEDSFSCK)
 250                         exit(4);        /* Earlier background failed */
 251                 if ((sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) == 0)
 252                         exit(5);        /* Not running soft updates */
 253                 size = MIBSIZE;
 254                 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0)
 255                         exit(6);        /* Lacks kernel support */
 256                 if ((mntp == NULL && sblock.fs_clean == 1) ||
 257                     (mntp != NULL && (sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN) == 0))
 258                         exit(7);        /* Filesystem clean, report it now */
 259                 exit(0);
 260         }
 261         if (ckclean && skipclean) {
 262                 /*
 263                  * If file system is gjournaled, check it here.
 264                  */
 265                 if ((fsreadfd = open(filesys, O_RDONLY)) < 0 || readsb(0) == 0)
 266                         exit(3);        /* Cannot read superblock */
 267                 close(fsreadfd);
 268                 if ((sblock.fs_flags & FS_GJOURNAL) != 0) {
 269                         //printf("GJournaled file system detected on %s.\n",
 270                         //    filesys);
 271                         if (sblock.fs_clean == 1) {
 272                                 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n");
 273                                 exit(0);
 274                         }
 275                         if ((sblock.fs_flags & (FS_UNCLEAN | FS_NEEDSFSCK)) == 0) {
 276                                 gjournal_check(filesys);
 277                                 if (chkdoreload(mntp) == 0)
 278                                         exit(0);
 279                                 exit(4);
 280                         } else {
 281                                 pfatal("UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY, %s\n",
 282                                     "CANNOT RUN FAST FSCK\n");
 283                         }
 284                 }
 285         }
 286         /*
 287          * If we are to do a background check:
 288          *      Get the mount point information of the file system
 289          *      create snapshot file
 290          *      return created snapshot file
 291          *      if not found, clear bkgrdflag and proceed with normal fsck
 292          */
 293         if (bkgrdflag) {
 294                 if (mntp == NULL) {
 295                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 296                         pfatal("NOT MOUNTED, CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
 297                 } else if ((mntp->f_flags & MNT_SOFTDEP) == 0) {
 298                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 299                         pfatal("NOT USING SOFT UPDATES, %s\n",
 300                             "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
 301                 } else if ((mntp->f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
 302                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 303                         pfatal("MOUNTED READ-ONLY, CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
 304                 } else if ((fsreadfd = open(filesys, O_RDONLY)) >= 0) {
 305                         if (readsb(0) != 0) {
 306                                 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_NEEDSFSCK) {
 307                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 308                                         pfatal("UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY, %s\n",
 309                                             "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
 310                                 }
 311                                 if ((sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN) == 0 &&
 312                                     skipclean && ckclean) {
 313                                         /*
 314                                          * file system is clean;
 315                                          * skip snapshot and report it clean
 316                                          */
 317                                         pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; %s\n",
 318                                             "SKIPPING CHECKS");
 319                                         goto clean;
 320                                 }
 321                         }
 322                         close(fsreadfd);
 323                 }
 324                 if (bkgrdflag) {
 325                         snprintf(snapname, sizeof snapname, "%s/.snap",
 326                             mntp->f_mntonname);
 327                         if (stat(snapname, &snapdir) < 0) {
 328                                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
 329                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 330                                         pfatal("CANNOT FIND %s %s: %s, %s\n",
 331                                             "SNAPSHOT DIRECTORY",
 332                                             snapname, strerror(errno),
 333                                             "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
 334                                 } else if ((grp = getgrnam("operator")) == 0 ||
 335                                     mkdir(snapname, 0770) < 0 ||
 336                                     chown(snapname, -1, grp->gr_gid) < 0 ||
 337                                     chmod(snapname, 0770) < 0) {
 338                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 339                                         pfatal("CANNOT CREATE %s %s: %s, %s\n",
 340                                             "SNAPSHOT DIRECTORY",
 341                                             snapname, strerror(errno),
 342                                             "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
 343                                 }
 344                         } else if (!S_ISDIR(snapdir.st_mode)) {
 345                                 bkgrdflag = 0;
 346                                 pfatal("%s IS NOT A DIRECTORY, %s\n", snapname,
 347                                     "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
 348                         }
 349                 }
 350                 if (bkgrdflag) {
 351                         snprintf(snapname, sizeof snapname,
 352                             "%s/.snap/fsck_snapshot", mntp->f_mntonname);
 353                         build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype", "ffs", 4);
 354                         build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "from", snapname,
 355                             (size_t)-1);
 356                         build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath", mntp->f_mntonname,
 357                             (size_t)-1);
 358                         build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg", errmsg,
 359                             sizeof(errmsg));
 360                         build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "update", NULL, 0);
 361                         build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "snapshot", NULL, 0);
 362
 363                         while (nmount(iov, iovlen, mntp->f_flags) < 0) {
 364                                 if (errno == EEXIST && unlink(snapname) == 0)
 365                                         continue;
 366                                 bkgrdflag = 0;
 367                                 pfatal("CANNOT CREATE SNAPSHOT %s: %s %s\n",
 368                                     snapname, strerror(errno), errmsg);
 369                                 break;
 370                         }
 371                         if (bkgrdflag != 0)
 372                                 filesys = snapname;
 373                 }
 374         }
 375
 376         switch (setup(filesys)) {
 377         case 0:
 378                 if (preen)
 379                         pfatal("CAN'T CHECK FILE SYSTEM.");
 380                 return (0);
 381         case -1:
 382         clean:
 383                 pwarn("clean, %ld free ", (long)(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree +
 384                     sblock.fs_frag * sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree));
 385                 printf("(%lld frags, %lld blocks, %.1f%% fragmentation)\n",
 386                     (long long)sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree,
 387                     (long long)sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree,
 388                     sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree * 100.0 / sblock.fs_dsize);
 389                 return (0);
 390         }
 391
 392         /*
 393          * Cleared if any questions answered no. Used to decide if
 394          * the superblock should be marked clean.
 395          */
 396         resolved = 1;
 397         /*
 398          * 1: scan inodes tallying blocks used
 399          */
 400         if (preen == 0) {
 401                 printf("** Last Mounted on %s\n", sblock.fs_fsmnt);
 402                 if (mntp != NULL && mntp->f_flags & MNT_ROOTFS)
 403                         printf("** Root file system\n");
 404                 printf("** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes\n");
 405         }
 406         pass1();
 407
 408         /*
 409          * 1b: locate first references to duplicates, if any
 410          */
 411         if (duplist) {
 412                 if (preen || usedsoftdep)
 413                         pfatal("INTERNAL ERROR: dups with -p");
 414                 printf("** Phase 1b - Rescan For More DUPS\n");
 415                 pass1b();
 416         }
 417
 418         /*
 419          * 2: traverse directories from root to mark all connected directories
 420          */
 421         if (preen == 0)
 422                 printf("** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames\n");
 423         pass2();
 424
 425         /*
 426          * 3: scan inodes looking for disconnected directories
 427          */
 428         if (preen == 0)
 429                 printf("** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity\n");
 430         pass3();
 431
 432         /*
 433          * 4: scan inodes looking for disconnected files; check reference counts
 434          */
 435         if (preen == 0)
 436                 printf("** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts\n");
 437         pass4();
 438
 439         /*
 440          * 5: check and repair resource counts in cylinder groups
 441          */
 442         if (preen == 0)
 443                 printf("** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups\n");
 444         pass5();
 445
 446         /*
 447          * print out summary statistics
 448          */
 449         n_ffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
 450         n_bfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
 451         files = maxino - ROOTINO - sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree - n_files;
 452         blks = n_blks +
 453             sblock.fs_ncg * (cgdmin(&sblock, 0) - cgsblock(&sblock, 0));
 454         blks += cgsblock(&sblock, 0) - cgbase(&sblock, 0);
 455         blks += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize);
 456         blks = maxfsblock - (n_ffree + sblock.fs_frag * n_bfree) - blks;
 457         if (bkgrdflag && (files > 0 || blks > 0)) {
 458                 countdirs = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir - countdirs;
 459                 pwarn("Reclaimed: %ld directories, %ld files, %lld fragments\n",
 460                     countdirs, (long)files - countdirs, (long long)blks);
 461         }
 462         pwarn("%ld files, %jd used, %ju free ",
 463             (long)n_files, (intmax_t)n_blks,
 464             (uintmax_t)n_ffree + sblock.fs_frag * n_bfree);
 465         printf("(%ju frags, %ju blocks, %.1f%% fragmentation)\n",
 466             (uintmax_t)n_ffree, (uintmax_t)n_bfree,
 467             n_ffree * 100.0 / sblock.fs_dsize);
 468         if (debug) {
 469                 if (files < 0)
 470                         printf("%d inodes missing\n", -files);
 471                 if (blks < 0)
 472                         printf("%lld blocks missing\n", -(long long)blks);
 473                 if (duplist != NULL) {
 474                         printf("The following duplicate blocks remain:");
 475                         for (dp = duplist; dp; dp = dp->next)
 476                                 printf(" %lld,", (long long)dp->dup);
 477                         printf("\n");
 478                 }
 479         }
 480         duplist = (struct dups *)0;
 481         muldup = (struct dups *)0;
 482         inocleanup();
 483         if (fsmodified) {
 484                 sblock.fs_time = time(NULL);
 485                 sbdirty();
 486         }
 487         if (cvtlevel && sblk.b_dirty) {
 488                 /*
 489                  * Write out the duplicate super blocks
 490                  */
 491                 for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++)
 492                         blwrite(fswritefd, (char *)&sblock,
 493                             fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)),
 494                             SBLOCKSIZE);
 495         }
 496         if (rerun)
 497                 resolved = 0;
 498
 499         /*
 500          * Check to see if the file system is mounted read-write.
 501          */
 502         if (bkgrdflag == 0 && mntp != NULL && (mntp->f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
 503                 resolved = 0;
 504         ckfini(resolved);
 505
 506         for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++)
 507                 if (inostathead[cylno].il_stat != NULL)
 508                         free((char *)inostathead[cylno].il_stat);
 509         free((char *)inostathead);
 510         inostathead = NULL;
 511         if (fsmodified && !preen)
 512                 printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****\n");
 513         if (rerun)
 514                 printf("\n***** PLEASE RERUN FSCK *****\n");
 515         if (chkdoreload(mntp) != 0) {
 516                 if (!fsmodified)
 517                         return (0);
 518                 if (!preen)
 519                         printf("\n***** REBOOT NOW *****\n");
 520                 sync();
 521                 return (4);
 522         }
 523         return (0);
 524 }
 525
 526 static int
 527 chkdoreload(struct statfs *mntp)
 528 {
 529         struct iovec *iov;
 530         int iovlen;
 531         char errmsg[255];
 532
 533         if (mntp == NULL)
 534                 return (0);
 535
 536         iov = NULL;
 537         iovlen = 0;
 538         errmsg[0] = '\0';
 539         /*
 540          * We modified a mounted file system.  Do a mount update on
 541          * it unless it is read-write, so we can continue using it
 542          * as safely as possible.
 543          */
 544         if (mntp->f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) {
 545                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype", "ffs", 4);
 546                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "from", mntp->f_mntfromname,
 547                     (size_t)-1);
 548                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath", mntp->f_mntonname,
 549                     (size_t)-1);
 550                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg", errmsg,
 551                     sizeof(errmsg));
 552                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "update", NULL, 0);
 553                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "reload", NULL, 0);
 554                 /*
 555                  * XX: We need the following line until we clean up
 556                  * nmount parsing of root mounts and NFS root mounts.
 557                  */
 558                 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "ro", NULL, 0);
 559                 if (nmount(iov, iovlen, mntp->f_flags) == 0) {
 560                         return (0);
 561                 }
 562                 pwarn("mount reload of '%s' failed: %s %s\n\n",
 563                     mntp->f_mntonname, strerror(errno), errmsg);
 564                 return (1);
 565         }
 566         return (0);
 567 }
 568
 569 /*
 570  * Get the mount point information for name.
 571  */
 572 static struct statfs *
 573 getmntpt(const char *name)
 574 {
 575         struct stat devstat, mntdevstat;
 576         char device[sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1 + MNAMELEN];
 577         char *ddevname;
 578         struct statfs *mntbuf, *statfsp;
 579         int i, mntsize, isdev;
 580
 581         if (stat(name, &devstat) != 0)
 582                 return (NULL);
 583         if (S_ISCHR(devstat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(devstat.st_mode))
 584                 isdev = 1;
 585         else
 586                 isdev = 0;
 587         mntsize = getmntinfo(&mntbuf, MNT_NOWAIT);
 588         for (i = 0; i < mntsize; i++) {
 589                 statfsp = &mntbuf[i];
 590                 ddevname = statfsp->f_mntfromname;
 591                 if (*ddevname != '/') {
 592                         strcpy(device, _PATH_DEV);
 593                         strcat(device, ddevname);
 594                         strcpy(statfsp->f_mntfromname, device);
 595                 }
 596                 if (isdev == 0) {
 597                         if (strcmp(name, statfsp->f_mntonname))
 598                                 continue;
 599                         return (statfsp);
 600                 }
 601                 if (stat(ddevname, &mntdevstat) == 0 &&
 602                     mntdevstat.st_rdev == devstat.st_rdev)
 603                         return (statfsp);
 604         }
 605         statfsp = NULL;
 606         return (statfsp);
 607 }
 608
 609 static void
 610 usage(void)
 611 {
 612         (void) fprintf(stderr,
 613             "usage: %s [-BEFfnpry] [-b block] [-c level] [-m mode] "
 614                         "filesystem ...\n",
 615             getprogname());
 616         exit(1);
 617 }