2 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 * without specific prior written permission.
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
36 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93";
43 static const char rcsid[] =
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
70 #include <sys/reboot.h>
80 #include <login_cap.h>
83 #include "pathnames.h"
86 * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
88 #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */
89 #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
90 #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
91 #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */
92 #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */
93 #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */
94 #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
95 #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon"
96 #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default"
97 #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default"
99 static void handle(sig_t, ...);
100 static void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
102 static void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
103 static void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
104 static void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
105 static void disaster(int);
106 static void badsys(int);
107 static int runshutdown(void);
108 static char *strk(char *);
111 * We really need a recursive typedef...
112 * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
113 * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
115 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
116 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
118 static state_func_t single_user(void);
119 static state_func_t runcom(void);
120 static state_func_t read_ttys(void);
121 static state_func_t multi_user(void);
122 static state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
123 static state_func_t catatonia(void);
124 static state_func_t death(void);
125 static state_func_t death_single(void);
127 static state_func_t run_script(const char *);
129 enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
134 int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
138 static void transition(state_t);
139 static state_t requested_transition;
140 static state_t current_state = death_single;
142 static void open_console(void);
143 static const char *get_shell(void);
144 static void write_stderr(const char *message);
146 typedef struct init_session {
147 int se_index; /* index of entry in ttys file */
148 pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */
149 time_t se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */
150 int se_flags; /* status of session */
151 #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */
152 #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */
153 int se_nspace; /* spacing count */
154 char *se_device; /* filename of port */
155 char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */
156 char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
157 char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
158 char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */
159 char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
160 char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
161 char *se_type; /* default terminal type */
162 struct init_session *se_prev;
163 struct init_session *se_next;
166 static void free_session(session_t *);
167 static session_t *new_session(session_t *, int, struct ttyent *);
168 static session_t *sessions;
170 static char **construct_argv(char *);
171 static void start_window_system(session_t *);
172 static void collect_child(pid_t);
173 static pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
174 static void transition_handler(int);
175 static void alrm_handler(int);
176 static void setsecuritylevel(int);
177 static int getsecuritylevel(void);
178 static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
180 static void setprocresources(const char *);
184 static void clear_session_logs(session_t *);
186 static int start_session_db(void);
187 static void add_session(session_t *);
188 static void del_session(session_t *);
189 static session_t *find_session(pid_t);
190 static DB *session_db;
193 * The mother of all processes.
196 main(int argc, char *argv[])
198 state_t initial_transition = runcom;
199 char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
204 /* Dispose of random users. */
206 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
208 /* System V users like to reexec init. */
210 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
211 /* So give them what they want */
213 if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
214 char runlevel = *argv[1];
218 case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
221 case '1': /* single-user */
224 case '6': /* reboot */
227 case 'c': /* block further logins */
230 case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
240 errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
243 errx(1, "already running");
246 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
247 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
249 openlog("init", LOG_CONS|LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
252 * Create an initial session.
255 warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
258 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
259 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
261 if (setlogin("root") < 0)
262 warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
265 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
266 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
268 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsf")) != -1)
274 initial_transition = single_user;
277 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
280 warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
285 warning("ignoring excess arguments");
288 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
289 * so that they get reset on exec.
291 handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0);
292 handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGXCPU,
294 handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGUSR1,
296 handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
298 delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
299 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGALRM,
300 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
301 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
302 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
304 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
305 sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
306 sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
315 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
316 state_func_t next_transition;
318 if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != 0)
319 initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition;
322 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
323 if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0)
324 warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value);
328 * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted:
329 * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number,
330 * then it hasn't been mounted yet.
337 root_devno = stst.st_dev;
338 if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0)
339 warning("Can't stat /dev: %m");
340 else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno)
349 char _fstype[] = "fstype";
350 char _devfs[] = "devfs";
351 char _fspath[] = "fspath";
352 char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV;
354 iov[0].iov_base = _fstype;
355 iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype);
356 iov[1].iov_base = _devfs;
357 iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs);
358 iov[2].iov_base = _fspath;
359 iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath);
361 * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV.
362 * Be *very* defensive.
364 s = strdup(_PATH_DEV);
367 if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/')
370 iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1;
372 iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev;
373 iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev);
381 * Start the state machine.
383 transition(initial_transition);
386 * Should never reach here.
392 * Associate a function with a signal handler.
395 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
399 sigset_t mask_everything;
401 va_start(ap, handler);
403 sa.sa_handler = handler;
404 sigfillset(&mask_everything);
406 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
407 sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
408 /* XXX SA_RESTART? */
409 sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
410 sigaction(sig, &sa, (struct sigaction *) 0);
416 * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
419 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
425 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
426 sigdelset(maskp, sig);
431 * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
432 * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
433 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
436 stall(const char *message, ...)
439 va_start(ap, message);
441 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
443 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
447 * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
448 * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
449 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
452 warning(const char *message, ...)
455 va_start(ap, message);
457 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
462 * Log an emergency message.
463 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
466 emergency(const char *message, ...)
469 va_start(ap, message);
471 vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
476 * Catch a SIGSYS signal.
478 * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl.
479 * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel.
484 static int badcount = 0;
492 * Catch an unexpected signal.
498 emergency("fatal signal: %s",
499 (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
501 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
502 _exit(sig); /* reboot */
506 * Get the security level of the kernel.
509 getsecuritylevel(void)
511 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
512 int name[2], curlevel;
516 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
517 len = sizeof curlevel;
518 if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
519 emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
530 * Set the security level of the kernel.
533 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
535 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
536 int name[2], curlevel;
538 curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
539 if (newlevel == curlevel)
542 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
543 if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
545 "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
546 curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
550 warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
557 * Change states in the finite state machine.
558 * The initial state is passed as an argument.
561 transition(state_t s)
566 current_state = (state_t) (*current_state)();
570 * Close out the accounting files for a login session.
571 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
574 clear_session_logs(session_t *sp __unused)
578 * XXX: Use getutxline() and call pututxline() for each entry.
579 * Is this safe to do this here? Is it really required anyway?
584 * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
585 * Only called by children of init after forking.
593 * Try to open /dev/console. Open the device with O_NONBLOCK to
594 * prevent potential blocking on a carrier.
596 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
597 if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) != -1) {
598 (void)fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(fd, F_GETFL) & ~O_NONBLOCK);
599 if (login_tty(fd) == 0)
604 /* No luck. Log output to file if possible. */
605 if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
606 stall("cannot open null device.");
609 if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
610 dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
613 fd = open(_PATH_INITLOG, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0644);
615 dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
616 else if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) {
617 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
620 dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
626 static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
628 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0)
635 write_stderr(const char *message)
638 write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
642 * Bring the system up single user.
655 static const char banner[] =
656 "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
657 char *clear, *password;
664 /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
674 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
676 * Start the single user session.
682 * Check the root password.
683 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
684 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
686 typ = getttynam("console");
687 pp = getpwnam("root");
688 if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
689 pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
690 write_stderr(banner);
692 clear = getpass("Password:");
693 if (clear == 0 || *clear == '\0')
695 password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
696 bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
697 if (strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
699 warning("single-user login failed\n");
711 #define SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for "
712 write_stderr(SHREQUEST);
715 while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
716 num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
719 if (altshell[0] != '\0')
722 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
726 * We catch all the interesting ones,
727 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
730 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
734 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
742 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
743 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv);
744 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
745 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
751 * We are seriously hosed. Do our best.
753 emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
754 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
756 return (state_func_t) single_user;
759 requested_transition = 0;
761 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
766 warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
767 return (state_func_t) single_user;
769 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
770 warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
774 } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
776 if (requested_transition)
777 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
779 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
780 if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
782 * reboot(8) killed shell?
784 warning("single user shell terminated.");
785 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
788 warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
789 return (state_func_t) single_user;
793 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
794 return (state_func_t) runcom;
798 * Run the system startup script.
804 state_func_t next_transition;
806 if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != 0)
807 return next_transition;
809 runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */
810 /* NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */
811 utx.ut_type = BOOT_TIME;
812 gettimeofday(&utx.ut_tv, NULL);
814 return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
818 * Run a shell script.
819 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter:
820 * - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script
821 * terminated with a signal or exit code != 0.
822 * - death_single if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8).
825 run_script(const char *script)
835 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
836 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
838 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
839 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
840 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
845 char _autoboot[] = "autoboot";
848 argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script);
849 argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0;
852 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
855 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
858 stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script);
859 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
863 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script);
864 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
866 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
867 return (state_func_t) single_user;
871 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
873 requested_transition = 0;
875 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
878 if (requested_transition == death_single)
879 return (state_func_t) death_single;
882 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
883 "single user mode", shell, script);
884 return (state_func_t) single_user;
886 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
887 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
892 } while (wpid != pid);
894 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
895 requested_transition == catatonia) {
896 /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
904 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
905 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single "
906 "user mode", shell, script);
907 return (state_func_t) single_user;
910 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
911 return (state_func_t) single_user;
913 return (state_func_t) 0;
917 * Open the session database.
919 * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
922 start_session_db(void)
924 if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
925 emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
926 if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == 0) {
927 emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
935 * Add a new login session.
938 add_session(session_t *sp)
943 key.data = &sp->se_process;
944 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
946 data.size = sizeof sp;
948 if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
949 emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
953 * Delete an old login session.
956 del_session(session_t *sp)
960 key.data = &sp->se_process;
961 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
963 if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
964 emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
968 * Look up a login session by pid.
971 find_session(pid_t pid)
978 key.size = sizeof pid;
979 if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
981 bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
986 * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
989 construct_argv(char *command)
992 char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
995 if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == 0) {
999 while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL)
1005 * Deallocate a session descriptor.
1008 free_session(session_t *sp)
1010 free(sp->se_device);
1013 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1014 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1016 if (sp->se_window) {
1017 free(sp->se_window);
1018 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1019 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1027 * Allocate a new session descriptor.
1028 * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
1031 new_session(session_t *sprev, int session_index, struct ttyent *typ)
1036 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1037 typ->ty_name == 0 ||
1041 sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1043 sp->se_index = session_index;
1044 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1046 sp->se_device = malloc(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(typ->ty_name));
1047 sprintf(sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name);
1050 * Attempt to open the device, if we get "device not configured"
1051 * then don't add the device to the session list.
1053 if ((fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
1054 if (errno == ENXIO) {
1061 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1071 sprev->se_next = sp;
1072 sp->se_prev = sprev;
1079 * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1082 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1087 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1088 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1090 sp->se_getty = malloc(strlen(typ->ty_getty) + strlen(typ->ty_name) + 2);
1091 sprintf(sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name);
1092 sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1093 sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1094 if (sp->se_getty_argv == 0) {
1095 warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1097 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1098 sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1101 if (sp->se_window) {
1102 free(sp->se_window);
1103 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1104 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1106 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1107 sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1108 if (typ->ty_window) {
1109 sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1110 sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1111 sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1112 if (sp->se_window_argv == 0) {
1113 warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1115 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1116 free(sp->se_window);
1117 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1123 sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1128 * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1133 int session_index = 0;
1134 session_t *sp, *snext;
1138 * Destroy any previous session state.
1139 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1141 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1143 clear_session_logs(sp);
1144 snext = sp->se_next;
1148 if (start_session_db())
1149 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1152 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1153 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1155 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1156 if ((snext = new_session(sp, ++session_index, typ)) != NULL)
1161 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1165 * Start a window system running.
1168 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1172 char term[64], *env[2];
1175 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1176 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1178 /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1182 waitpid(-1, &status, 0);
1186 /* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */
1187 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1188 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1196 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1199 emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1202 setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1205 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1206 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1207 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1213 execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1214 stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1215 sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1220 * Start a login session running.
1223 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1227 time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0);
1229 char term[64], *env[2];
1231 if (current_time >= sp->se_started &&
1232 current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) {
1233 if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1241 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1243 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1244 emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1252 warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1253 sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1254 sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1257 if (sp->se_window) {
1258 start_window_system(sp);
1263 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1266 setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1269 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1270 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1271 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1276 execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1277 stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1278 sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1283 * Collect exit status for a child.
1284 * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1287 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1289 session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1294 if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1297 clear_session_logs(sp);
1301 if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN) {
1302 if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1303 sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1305 sessions = sp->se_next;
1306 if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1307 snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1312 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1313 /* serious trouble */
1314 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1318 sp->se_process = pid;
1319 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1324 * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1327 transition_handler(int sig)
1332 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1333 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1334 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1337 howto = RB_POWEROFF;
1343 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1344 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1345 requested_transition = death;
1347 requested_transition = death_single;
1350 if (current_state == runcom || current_state == read_ttys ||
1351 current_state == clean_ttys ||
1352 current_state == multi_user || current_state == catatonia)
1353 requested_transition = catatonia;
1356 requested_transition = 0;
1362 * Take the system multiuser.
1370 requested_transition = 0;
1373 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1374 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1375 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1376 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1378 if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1379 setsecuritylevel(1);
1381 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1384 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1385 /* serious trouble */
1386 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1389 sp->se_process = pid;
1390 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1394 while (!requested_transition)
1395 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1)
1398 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1402 * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often...
1407 session_t *sp, *sprev;
1409 int session_index = 0;
1411 char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1414 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1415 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1416 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1418 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1419 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1421 devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1422 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1425 for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1426 if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1430 /* we want this one to live */
1431 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1432 if (sp->se_index != session_index) {
1433 warning("port %s changed utmp index from %d to %d",
1434 sp->se_device, sp->se_index,
1436 sp->se_index = session_index;
1438 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1439 typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1440 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1441 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1444 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1445 old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1446 old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1447 old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1448 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1449 warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1451 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1452 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1454 else if ( !old_getty
1455 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1456 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1457 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1458 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1459 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1460 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1461 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1463 /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1466 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1477 new_session(sprev, session_index, typ);
1483 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1484 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1486 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1487 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1488 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1489 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1493 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1497 * Block further logins.
1504 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1505 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1507 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1514 alrm_handler(int sig)
1522 * Bring the system down to single user.
1530 /* NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */
1531 utx.ut_type = SHUTDOWN_TIME;
1532 gettimeofday(&utx.ut_tv, NULL);
1536 * Also revoke the TTY here. Because runshutdown() may reopen
1537 * the TTY whose getty we're killing here, there is no guarantee
1538 * runshutdown() will perform the initial open() call, causing
1539 * the terminal attributes to be misconfigured.
1541 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1542 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1543 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1544 revoke(sp->se_device);
1547 /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1550 return (state_func_t) death_single;
1554 * Do what is necessary to reinitialize single user mode or reboot
1555 * from an incomplete state.
1562 static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1564 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
1566 for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1567 if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1568 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1573 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1)
1575 while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1577 if (errno == ECHILD)
1578 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1581 warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1583 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1587 * Run the system shutdown script.
1589 * Exit codes: XXX I should document more
1590 * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally
1591 * -1 fatal error - can't run script
1593 * >0 some error (exit code)
1600 int shutdowntimeout;
1604 struct sigaction sa;
1608 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1609 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1610 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1611 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1613 if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1616 shell = get_shell();
1618 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1619 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1621 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1622 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1623 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1628 char _reboot[] = "reboot";
1629 char _single[] = "single";
1630 char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1633 argv[1] = _path_rundown;
1634 argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single;
1637 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1640 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1643 warning("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1644 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1648 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1649 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1651 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1655 len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1656 if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout", &shutdowntimeout, &len,
1657 NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1658 shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1659 alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1662 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1663 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1666 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1667 collect_child(wpid);
1669 /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1670 kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1671 warning("timeout expired for %s on %s: %m; going to "
1672 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1678 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
1679 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1682 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1683 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1684 shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1688 } while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1690 /* Turn off the alarm */
1693 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1694 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1696 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1697 * wait for the end quietly
1706 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1707 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to "
1708 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1712 if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1713 warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
1731 while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
1741 while (c && c != '\'')
1743 if (!c) /* unterminated string */
1748 while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
1759 setprocresources(const char *cname)
1762 if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
1763 setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0,
1764 LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETRESOURCES);