2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
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40 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
42 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
47 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
48 .Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa"
49 .Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0"
50 .Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14"
51 .Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa"
52 .Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170"
53 .Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15"
55 For PC98 based ATA/ATAPI support:
60 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
61 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.at="isa"
62 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.port="0x640"
63 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.irq="9"
65 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
69 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
72 To support ATA software RAID's:
75 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
78 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
81 To support ATAPI tape drives:
86 subsystem controller drivers into cam(4) interface modules (disables all native
88 APIs and periperal drivers):
91 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
94 set to nonzero value for forcing drivers to attach to some known AHCI-capable
95 chips even if they are configured for legacy IDE emulation (the default is 1,
98 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
99 .It Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
100 set to 0 to disable the 80pin cable check (default is 1, check the cable).
101 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
102 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
104 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
106 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
107 .It Va hint.atapci.X.msi
108 set to 1 to allow Message Signalled Interrupts (MSI) to be used by
109 specified PCI ATA controller, if supported.
110 .It Va hint.ata.X.devX.mode
111 limits initial ATA mode for specified device on specified channel.
112 .It Va hint.ata.X.mode
113 limits initial ATA mode for every device on specified channel.
114 .It Va hint.ata.X.pm_level
115 controls SATA interface Power Management for specified channel,
116 allowing to save some power by the cost of additional command latency.
120 interface Power Management is disabled, default value.
122 device is allowed to initiate PM state change, host is passive.
124 host initiates PARTIAL PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
126 host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
128 Modes 2 and 3 are implemented only for AHCI driver now.
133 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
134 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
135 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
137 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
139 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
141 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
143 M5228, M5229, M5281, M5283, M5287, M5288, M5289.
145 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111, CS5536.
147 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, IXP600, IXP700, IXP800.
149 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
155 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
157 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5,
158 ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, SCH, PCH.
160 IT8211F, IT8212F, IT8213F.
162 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
164 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6042, 88SX6081, 88SX6101,
165 88SX6102, 88SX6111, 88SX6121, 88SX6141, 88SX6145, 88SX7042.
171 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4,
172 MCP51, MCP55, MCP61, MCP65, MCP67, MCP73, MCP77, MCP79, MCP89.
174 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270,
175 PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375,
176 PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580,
177 PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519,
180 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
182 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
184 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630,
185 SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962,
186 SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
188 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686,
189 VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237,
190 VT8237A, VT8237S, VT8251, CX700, VX800, VX855, VX900.
193 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
194 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
195 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
196 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
200 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
201 when the system is up and running.
207 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
210 driver sometimes warns:
211 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
215 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
216 or could not be detected properly,
217 or that one of the devices on the channel only accepts up
220 .Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
221 tunable can be set to 0 to disable this check.
223 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
225 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
226 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
227 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
228 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
230 but be aware that your hardware might
232 support it and can potentially
234 the entire system causing data loss.
236 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC" -compact
238 ATA disk device nodes
240 ATA RAID device nodes
242 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
244 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
246 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
247 .It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
248 sample generic kernel config file for
253 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
255 use 80 conductor cables.
256 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
257 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the
258 quality of the cables.
259 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
261 Static device numbering
265 reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
266 even when not present.
267 This is useful in hotswap scenarios
268 where disks should always show up as the same numbered device,
269 and not depend on attach order.
271 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
282 driver first appeared in
286 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .