2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
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40 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
42 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
47 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
48 .Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa"
49 .Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0"
50 .Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14"
51 .Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa"
52 .Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170"
53 .Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15"
55 For PC98 based ATA/ATAPI support:
60 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
61 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.at="isa"
62 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.port="0x640"
63 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.irq="9"
65 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
69 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
72 To support ATA software RAID's:
75 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
78 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
81 To support ATAPI tape drives:
86 subsystem controller drivers into cam(4) interface modules (disables all native
88 APIs and periperal drivers):
91 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
94 set to nonzero value for forcing drivers to attach to some known AHCI-capable
95 chips even if they are configured for legacy IDE emulation (the default is 1,
98 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
99 .It Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
100 set to 0 to disable the 80pin cable check (default is 1, check the cable).
101 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
102 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
104 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
106 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
107 .It Va hint.atapci.X.msi
108 set to 1 to allow Message Signalled Interrupts (MSI) to be used by
109 specified PCI ATA controller, if supported.
110 .It Va hint.ata.X.devX.mode
111 limits the initial ATA mode for the specified device on the specified channel.
112 .It Va hint.ata.X.mode
113 limits initial ATA mode for every device on specified channel.
114 .It Va hint.ata.X.pm_level
115 controls SATA interface Power Management for specified channel,
116 allowing to save some power by the cost of additional command latency.
120 interface Power Management is disabled, default value.
122 device is allowed to initiate PM state change, host is passive.
124 host initiates PARTIAL PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
126 host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
128 Modes 2 and 3 are implemented only for AHCI driver now.
129 .It Va hint.ata. Ns Ar X Ns Va .dev Ns Ar X Ns Va .sata_rev
130 limits the initial SATA revision (speed) for the specified device
131 on the specified channel.
132 Values 1, 2 and 3 are respectively 1.5, 3 and 6Gbps.
133 .It Va hint.ata. Ns Ar X Ns Va .sata_rev
134 Same, but for every device on the specified channel.
139 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
140 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
141 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
143 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
145 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
147 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
149 M5228, M5229, M5281, M5283, M5287, M5288, M5289.
151 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111, CS5536.
153 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, IXP600, IXP700, IXP800.
155 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
161 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
163 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5,
164 ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, SCH, PCH.
166 IT8211F, IT8212F, IT8213F.
168 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
170 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6042, 88SX6081, 88SE6101,
171 88SE6102, 88SE6111, 88SE6121, 88SE6141, 88SE6145, 88SX7042.
177 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4,
178 MCP51, MCP55, MCP61, MCP65, MCP67, MCP73, MCP77, MCP79, MCP89.
180 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270,
181 PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375,
182 PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580,
183 PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519,
186 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
188 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
190 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630,
191 SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962,
192 SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
194 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686,
195 VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237,
196 VT8237A, VT8237S, VT8251, CX700, VX800, VX855, VX900.
199 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
200 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
201 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
202 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
206 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
207 when the system is up and running.
213 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
216 driver sometimes warns:
217 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
221 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
222 or could not be detected properly,
223 or that one of the devices on the channel only accepts up
226 .Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
227 tunable can be set to 0 to disable this check.
229 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
231 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
232 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
233 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
234 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
236 but be aware that your hardware might
238 support it and can potentially
240 the entire system causing data loss.
242 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC" -compact
244 ATA disk device nodes
246 ATA RAID device nodes
248 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
250 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
252 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
253 .It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
254 sample generic kernel config file for
259 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
261 use 80 conductor cables.
262 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
263 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the
264 quality of the cables.
265 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
267 Static device numbering
271 reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
272 even when not present.
273 This is useful in hotswap scenarios
274 where disks should always show up as the same numbered device,
275 and not depend on attach order.
277 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
288 driver first appeared in
292 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .