2 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
4 * Copyright (c) 1994 John S. Dyson
6 * Copyright (c) 1994 David Greenman
8 * Copyright (c) 2005-2010 Alan L. Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
11 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
12 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
13 * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
15 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
16 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
20 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
21 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
22 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
23 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
24 * must display the following acknowledgement:
25 * This product includes software developed by the University of
26 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
27 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
28 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
29 * without specific prior written permission.
31 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
32 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
33 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
34 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
35 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
36 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
37 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
38 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
39 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
40 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
43 * from: @(#)pmap.c 7.7 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
46 * Copyright (c) 2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
47 * All rights reserved.
49 * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Jake Burkholder,
50 * Safeport Network Services, and Network Associates Laboratories, the
51 * Security Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under
52 * DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA
53 * CHATS research program.
55 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
56 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
58 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
59 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
60 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
61 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
62 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
64 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
65 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
66 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
67 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
68 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
69 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
70 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
71 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
72 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
73 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
77 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
78 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
81 * Manages physical address maps.
83 * In addition to hardware address maps, this
84 * module is called upon to provide software-use-only
85 * maps which may or may not be stored in the same
86 * form as hardware maps. These pseudo-maps are
87 * used to store intermediate results from copy
88 * operations to and from address spaces.
90 * Since the information managed by this module is
91 * also stored by the logical address mapping module,
92 * this module may throw away valid virtual-to-physical
93 * mappings at almost any time. However, invalidations
94 * of virtual-to-physical mappings must be done as
97 * In order to cope with hardware architectures which
98 * make virtual-to-physical map invalidates expensive,
99 * this module may delay invalidate or reduced protection
100 * operations until such time as they are actually
101 * necessary. This module is given full information as
102 * to which processors are currently using which maps,
103 * and to when physical maps must be made correct.
107 #include "opt_pmap.h"
109 #include "opt_xbox.h"
111 #include <sys/param.h>
112 #include <sys/systm.h>
113 #include <sys/kernel.h>
115 #include <sys/lock.h>
116 #include <sys/malloc.h>
117 #include <sys/mman.h>
118 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
119 #include <sys/mutex.h>
120 #include <sys/proc.h>
121 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
122 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
124 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
125 #include <sys/sched.h>
126 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
130 #include <sys/cpuset.h>
134 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
135 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
136 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
137 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
138 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
139 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
140 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
141 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
142 #include <vm/vm_reserv.h>
145 #include <machine/cpu.h>
146 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
147 #include <machine/md_var.h>
148 #include <machine/pcb.h>
149 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
151 #include <machine/smp.h>
155 #include <machine/xbox.h>
158 #if !defined(CPU_DISABLE_SSE) && defined(I686_CPU)
159 #define CPU_ENABLE_SSE
162 #ifndef PMAP_SHPGPERPROC
163 #define PMAP_SHPGPERPROC 200
166 #if !defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
167 #ifdef __GNUC_GNU_INLINE__
168 #define PMAP_INLINE __attribute__((__gnu_inline__)) inline
170 #define PMAP_INLINE extern inline
177 #define PV_STAT(x) do { x ; } while (0)
179 #define PV_STAT(x) do { } while (0)
182 #define pa_index(pa) ((pa) >> PDRSHIFT)
183 #define pa_to_pvh(pa) (&pv_table[pa_index(pa)])
186 * Get PDEs and PTEs for user/kernel address space
188 #define pmap_pde(m, v) (&((m)->pm_pdir[(vm_offset_t)(v) >> PDRSHIFT]))
189 #define pdir_pde(m, v) (m[(vm_offset_t)(v) >> PDRSHIFT])
191 #define pmap_pde_v(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_V) != 0)
192 #define pmap_pte_w(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_W) != 0)
193 #define pmap_pte_m(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_M) != 0)
194 #define pmap_pte_u(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_A) != 0)
195 #define pmap_pte_v(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_V) != 0)
197 #define pmap_pte_set_w(pte, v) ((v) ? atomic_set_int((u_int *)(pte), PG_W) : \
198 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)(pte), PG_W))
199 #define pmap_pte_set_prot(pte, v) ((*(int *)pte &= ~PG_PROT), (*(int *)pte |= (v)))
201 struct pmap kernel_pmap_store;
202 LIST_HEAD(pmaplist, pmap);
203 static struct pmaplist allpmaps;
204 static struct mtx allpmaps_lock;
206 vm_offset_t virtual_avail; /* VA of first avail page (after kernel bss) */
207 vm_offset_t virtual_end; /* VA of last avail page (end of kernel AS) */
208 int pgeflag = 0; /* PG_G or-in */
209 int pseflag = 0; /* PG_PS or-in */
211 static int nkpt = NKPT;
212 vm_offset_t kernel_vm_end = KERNBASE + NKPT * NBPDR;
213 extern u_int32_t KERNend;
214 extern u_int32_t KPTphys;
218 static uma_zone_t pdptzone;
221 SYSCTL_NODE(_vm, OID_AUTO, pmap, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "VM/pmap parameters");
223 static int pat_works = 1;
224 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pat_works, CTLFLAG_RD, &pat_works, 1,
225 "Is page attribute table fully functional?");
227 static int pg_ps_enabled = 1;
228 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pg_ps_enabled, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &pg_ps_enabled, 0,
229 "Are large page mappings enabled?");
231 #define PAT_INDEX_SIZE 8
232 static int pat_index[PAT_INDEX_SIZE]; /* cache mode to PAT index conversion */
235 * Isolate the global pv list lock from data and other locks to prevent false
236 * sharing within the cache.
240 char padding[CACHE_LINE_SIZE - sizeof(struct rwlock)];
241 } pvh_global __aligned(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
243 #define pvh_global_lock pvh_global.lock
246 * Data for the pv entry allocation mechanism
248 static TAILQ_HEAD(pch, pv_chunk) pv_chunks = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(pv_chunks);
249 static int pv_entry_count = 0, pv_entry_max = 0, pv_entry_high_water = 0;
250 static struct md_page *pv_table;
251 static int shpgperproc = PMAP_SHPGPERPROC;
253 struct pv_chunk *pv_chunkbase; /* KVA block for pv_chunks */
254 int pv_maxchunks; /* How many chunks we have KVA for */
255 vm_offset_t pv_vafree; /* freelist stored in the PTE */
258 * All those kernel PT submaps that BSD is so fond of
267 static struct sysmaps sysmaps_pcpu[MAXCPU];
268 pt_entry_t *CMAP1 = 0;
269 static pt_entry_t *CMAP3;
270 static pd_entry_t *KPTD;
271 caddr_t CADDR1 = 0, ptvmmap = 0;
272 static caddr_t CADDR3;
273 struct msgbuf *msgbufp = 0;
278 static caddr_t crashdumpmap;
280 static pt_entry_t *PMAP1 = 0, *PMAP2;
281 static pt_entry_t *PADDR1 = 0, *PADDR2;
284 static int PMAP1changedcpu;
285 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, PMAP1changedcpu, CTLFLAG_RD,
287 "Number of times pmap_pte_quick changed CPU with same PMAP1");
289 static int PMAP1changed;
290 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, PMAP1changed, CTLFLAG_RD,
292 "Number of times pmap_pte_quick changed PMAP1");
293 static int PMAP1unchanged;
294 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, PMAP1unchanged, CTLFLAG_RD,
296 "Number of times pmap_pte_quick didn't change PMAP1");
297 static struct mtx PMAP2mutex;
299 static void free_pv_chunk(struct pv_chunk *pc);
300 static void free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv);
301 static pv_entry_t get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, boolean_t try);
302 static void pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
303 static boolean_t pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
304 static void pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
305 static void pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
306 static pv_entry_t pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap,
308 static int pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(struct md_page *pvh, int count);
310 static boolean_t pmap_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va);
311 static boolean_t pmap_enter_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
313 static vm_page_t pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
314 vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte);
315 static void pmap_flush_page(vm_page_t m);
316 static void pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte);
317 static void pmap_fill_ptp(pt_entry_t *firstpte, pt_entry_t newpte);
318 static boolean_t pmap_is_modified_pvh(struct md_page *pvh);
319 static boolean_t pmap_is_referenced_pvh(struct md_page *pvh);
320 static void pmap_kenter_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa, int mode);
321 static void pmap_kenter_pde(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde);
322 static vm_page_t pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
323 static void pmap_pde_attr(pd_entry_t *pde, int cache_bits);
324 static void pmap_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va);
325 static boolean_t pmap_protect_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t sva,
327 static void pmap_pte_attr(pt_entry_t *pte, int cache_bits);
328 static void pmap_remove_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pdq, vm_offset_t sva,
330 static int pmap_remove_pte(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *ptq, vm_offset_t sva,
332 static void pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte);
333 static void pmap_remove_page(struct pmap *pmap, vm_offset_t va,
335 static void pmap_remove_entry(struct pmap *pmap, vm_page_t m,
337 static void pmap_insert_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m);
338 static boolean_t pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
340 static void pmap_update_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde,
342 static void pmap_update_pde_invalidate(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde);
344 static vm_page_t pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, int flags);
346 static vm_page_t _pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, u_int ptepindex, int flags);
347 static int _pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t *free);
348 static pt_entry_t *pmap_pte_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
349 static void pmap_pte_release(pt_entry_t *pte);
350 static int pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_page_t *);
352 static void *pmap_pdpt_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, int bytes, u_int8_t *flags, int wait);
354 static void pmap_set_pg(void);
356 static __inline void pagezero(void *page);
358 CTASSERT(1 << PDESHIFT == sizeof(pd_entry_t));
359 CTASSERT(1 << PTESHIFT == sizeof(pt_entry_t));
362 * If you get an error here, then you set KVA_PAGES wrong! See the
363 * description of KVA_PAGES in sys/i386/include/pmap.h. It must be
364 * multiple of 4 for a normal kernel, or a multiple of 8 for a PAE.
366 CTASSERT(KERNBASE % (1 << 24) == 0);
369 * Bootstrap the system enough to run with virtual memory.
371 * On the i386 this is called after mapping has already been enabled
372 * and just syncs the pmap module with what has already been done.
373 * [We can't call it easily with mapping off since the kernel is not
374 * mapped with PA == VA, hence we would have to relocate every address
375 * from the linked base (virtual) address "KERNBASE" to the actual
376 * (physical) address starting relative to 0]
379 pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t firstaddr)
382 pt_entry_t *pte, *unused;
383 struct sysmaps *sysmaps;
387 * Initialize the first available kernel virtual address. However,
388 * using "firstaddr" may waste a few pages of the kernel virtual
389 * address space, because locore may not have mapped every physical
390 * page that it allocated. Preferably, locore would provide a first
391 * unused virtual address in addition to "firstaddr".
393 virtual_avail = (vm_offset_t) KERNBASE + firstaddr;
395 virtual_end = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
398 * Initialize the kernel pmap (which is statically allocated).
400 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(kernel_pmap);
401 kernel_pmap->pm_pdir = (pd_entry_t *) (KERNBASE + (u_int)IdlePTD);
403 kernel_pmap->pm_pdpt = (pdpt_entry_t *) (KERNBASE + (u_int)IdlePDPT);
405 kernel_pmap->pm_root = NULL;
406 CPU_FILL(&kernel_pmap->pm_active); /* don't allow deactivation */
407 TAILQ_INIT(&kernel_pmap->pm_pvchunk);
410 * Initialize the global pv list lock.
412 rw_init(&pvh_global_lock, "pvh global");
414 LIST_INIT(&allpmaps);
417 * Request a spin mutex so that changes to allpmaps cannot be
418 * preempted by smp_rendezvous_cpus(). Otherwise,
419 * pmap_update_pde_kernel() could access allpmaps while it is
422 mtx_init(&allpmaps_lock, "allpmaps", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
423 mtx_lock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
424 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allpmaps, kernel_pmap, pm_list);
425 mtx_unlock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
428 * Reserve some special page table entries/VA space for temporary
431 #define SYSMAP(c, p, v, n) \
432 v = (c)va; va += ((n)*PAGE_SIZE); p = pte; pte += (n);
438 * CMAP1/CMAP2 are used for zeroing and copying pages.
439 * CMAP3 is used for the idle process page zeroing.
441 for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
442 sysmaps = &sysmaps_pcpu[i];
443 mtx_init(&sysmaps->lock, "SYSMAPS", NULL, MTX_DEF);
444 SYSMAP(caddr_t, sysmaps->CMAP1, sysmaps->CADDR1, 1)
445 SYSMAP(caddr_t, sysmaps->CMAP2, sysmaps->CADDR2, 1)
447 SYSMAP(caddr_t, CMAP1, CADDR1, 1)
448 SYSMAP(caddr_t, CMAP3, CADDR3, 1)
453 SYSMAP(caddr_t, unused, crashdumpmap, MAXDUMPPGS)
456 * ptvmmap is used for reading arbitrary physical pages via /dev/mem.
458 SYSMAP(caddr_t, unused, ptvmmap, 1)
461 * msgbufp is used to map the system message buffer.
463 SYSMAP(struct msgbuf *, unused, msgbufp, atop(round_page(msgbufsize)))
466 * KPTmap is used by pmap_kextract().
468 * KPTmap is first initialized by locore. However, that initial
469 * KPTmap can only support NKPT page table pages. Here, a larger
470 * KPTmap is created that can support KVA_PAGES page table pages.
472 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, KPTD, KPTmap, KVA_PAGES)
474 for (i = 0; i < NKPT; i++)
475 KPTD[i] = (KPTphys + (i << PAGE_SHIFT)) | pgeflag | PG_RW | PG_V;
478 * Adjust the start of the KPTD and KPTmap so that the implementation
479 * of pmap_kextract() and pmap_growkernel() can be made simpler.
482 KPTmap -= i386_btop(KPTDI << PDRSHIFT);
485 * ptemap is used for pmap_pte_quick
487 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, PMAP1, PADDR1, 1)
488 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, PMAP2, PADDR2, 1)
490 mtx_init(&PMAP2mutex, "PMAP2", NULL, MTX_DEF);
495 * Leave in place an identity mapping (virt == phys) for the low 1 MB
496 * physical memory region that is used by the ACPI wakeup code. This
497 * mapping must not have PG_G set.
500 /* FIXME: This is gross, but needed for the XBOX. Since we are in such
501 * an early stadium, we cannot yet neatly map video memory ... :-(
502 * Better fixes are very welcome! */
503 if (!arch_i386_is_xbox)
505 for (i = 1; i < NKPT; i++)
508 /* Initialize the PAT MSR if present. */
511 /* Turn on PG_G on kernel page(s) */
521 int pat_table[PAT_INDEX_SIZE];
526 /* Set default PAT index table. */
527 for (i = 0; i < PAT_INDEX_SIZE; i++)
529 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_BACK] = 0;
530 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_THROUGH] = 1;
531 pat_table[PAT_UNCACHEABLE] = 3;
532 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_COMBINING] = 3;
533 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED] = 3;
534 pat_table[PAT_UNCACHED] = 3;
536 /* Bail if this CPU doesn't implement PAT. */
537 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_PAT) == 0) {
538 for (i = 0; i < PAT_INDEX_SIZE; i++)
539 pat_index[i] = pat_table[i];
545 * Due to some Intel errata, we can only safely use the lower 4
548 * Intel Pentium III Processor Specification Update
549 * Errata E.27 (Upper Four PAT Entries Not Usable With Mode B
552 * Intel Pentium IV Processor Specification Update
553 * Errata N46 (PAT Index MSB May Be Calculated Incorrectly)
555 if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL &&
556 !(CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 6 && CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) >= 0xe))
559 /* Initialize default PAT entries. */
560 pat_msr = PAT_VALUE(0, PAT_WRITE_BACK) |
561 PAT_VALUE(1, PAT_WRITE_THROUGH) |
562 PAT_VALUE(2, PAT_UNCACHED) |
563 PAT_VALUE(3, PAT_UNCACHEABLE) |
564 PAT_VALUE(4, PAT_WRITE_BACK) |
565 PAT_VALUE(5, PAT_WRITE_THROUGH) |
566 PAT_VALUE(6, PAT_UNCACHED) |
567 PAT_VALUE(7, PAT_UNCACHEABLE);
571 * Leave the indices 0-3 at the default of WB, WT, UC-, and UC.
572 * Program 5 and 6 as WP and WC.
573 * Leave 4 and 7 as WB and UC.
575 pat_msr &= ~(PAT_MASK(5) | PAT_MASK(6));
576 pat_msr |= PAT_VALUE(5, PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED) |
577 PAT_VALUE(6, PAT_WRITE_COMBINING);
578 pat_table[PAT_UNCACHED] = 2;
579 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED] = 5;
580 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_COMBINING] = 6;
583 * Just replace PAT Index 2 with WC instead of UC-.
585 pat_msr &= ~PAT_MASK(2);
586 pat_msr |= PAT_VALUE(2, PAT_WRITE_COMBINING);
587 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_COMBINING] = 2;
592 load_cr4(cr4 & ~CR4_PGE);
594 /* Disable caches (CD = 1, NW = 0). */
596 load_cr0((cr0 & ~CR0_NW) | CR0_CD);
598 /* Flushes caches and TLBs. */
602 /* Update PAT and index table. */
603 wrmsr(MSR_PAT, pat_msr);
604 for (i = 0; i < PAT_INDEX_SIZE; i++)
605 pat_index[i] = pat_table[i];
607 /* Flush caches and TLBs again. */
611 /* Restore caches and PGE. */
617 * Set PG_G on kernel pages. Only the BSP calls this when SMP is turned on.
623 vm_offset_t va, endva;
628 endva = KERNBASE + KERNend;
631 va = KERNBASE + KERNLOAD;
633 pdir_pde(PTD, va) |= pgeflag;
634 invltlb(); /* Play it safe, invltlb() every time */
638 va = (vm_offset_t)btext;
643 invltlb(); /* Play it safe, invltlb() every time */
650 * Initialize a vm_page's machine-dependent fields.
653 pmap_page_init(vm_page_t m)
656 TAILQ_INIT(&m->md.pv_list);
657 m->md.pat_mode = PAT_WRITE_BACK;
662 pmap_pdpt_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, int bytes, u_int8_t *flags, int wait)
665 /* Inform UMA that this allocator uses kernel_map/object. */
666 *flags = UMA_SLAB_KERNEL;
667 return ((void *)kmem_alloc_contig(kernel_map, bytes, wait, 0x0ULL,
668 0xffffffffULL, 1, 0, VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT));
673 * ABuse the pte nodes for unmapped kva to thread a kva freelist through.
675 * - Must deal with pages in order to ensure that none of the PG_* bits
676 * are ever set, PG_V in particular.
677 * - Assumes we can write to ptes without pte_store() atomic ops, even
678 * on PAE systems. This should be ok.
679 * - Assumes nothing will ever test these addresses for 0 to indicate
680 * no mapping instead of correctly checking PG_V.
681 * - Assumes a vm_offset_t will fit in a pte (true for i386).
682 * Because PG_V is never set, there can be no mappings to invalidate.
685 pmap_ptelist_alloc(vm_offset_t *head)
692 return (va); /* Out of memory */
696 panic("pmap_ptelist_alloc: va with PG_V set!");
702 pmap_ptelist_free(vm_offset_t *head, vm_offset_t va)
707 panic("pmap_ptelist_free: freeing va with PG_V set!");
709 *pte = *head; /* virtual! PG_V is 0 though */
714 pmap_ptelist_init(vm_offset_t *head, void *base, int npages)
720 for (i = npages - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
721 va = (vm_offset_t)base + i * PAGE_SIZE;
722 pmap_ptelist_free(head, va);
728 * Initialize the pmap module.
729 * Called by vm_init, to initialize any structures that the pmap
730 * system needs to map virtual memory.
740 * Initialize the vm page array entries for the kernel pmap's
743 for (i = 0; i < NKPT; i++) {
744 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(KPTphys + (i << PAGE_SHIFT));
745 KASSERT(mpte >= vm_page_array &&
746 mpte < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
747 ("pmap_init: page table page is out of range"));
748 mpte->pindex = i + KPTDI;
749 mpte->phys_addr = KPTphys + (i << PAGE_SHIFT);
753 * Initialize the address space (zone) for the pv entries. Set a
754 * high water mark so that the system can recover from excessive
755 * numbers of pv entries.
757 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.shpgperproc", &shpgperproc);
758 pv_entry_max = shpgperproc * maxproc + cnt.v_page_count;
759 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pv_entries", &pv_entry_max);
760 pv_entry_max = roundup(pv_entry_max, _NPCPV);
761 pv_entry_high_water = 9 * (pv_entry_max / 10);
764 * If the kernel is running in a virtual machine on an AMD Family 10h
765 * processor, then it must assume that MCA is enabled by the virtual
768 if (vm_guest == VM_GUEST_VM && cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD &&
769 CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 0x10)
770 workaround_erratum383 = 1;
773 * Are large page mappings supported and enabled?
775 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pg_ps_enabled", &pg_ps_enabled);
778 else if (pg_ps_enabled) {
779 KASSERT(MAXPAGESIZES > 1 && pagesizes[1] == 0,
780 ("pmap_init: can't assign to pagesizes[1]"));
781 pagesizes[1] = NBPDR;
785 * Calculate the size of the pv head table for superpages.
787 for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1]; i += 2);
788 pv_npg = round_4mpage(phys_avail[(i - 2) + 1]) / NBPDR;
791 * Allocate memory for the pv head table for superpages.
793 s = (vm_size_t)(pv_npg * sizeof(struct md_page));
795 pv_table = (struct md_page *)kmem_alloc(kernel_map, s);
796 for (i = 0; i < pv_npg; i++)
797 TAILQ_INIT(&pv_table[i].pv_list);
799 pv_maxchunks = MAX(pv_entry_max / _NPCPV, maxproc);
800 pv_chunkbase = (struct pv_chunk *)kmem_alloc_nofault(kernel_map,
801 PAGE_SIZE * pv_maxchunks);
802 if (pv_chunkbase == NULL)
803 panic("pmap_init: not enough kvm for pv chunks");
804 pmap_ptelist_init(&pv_vafree, pv_chunkbase, pv_maxchunks);
806 pdptzone = uma_zcreate("PDPT", NPGPTD * sizeof(pdpt_entry_t), NULL,
807 NULL, NULL, NULL, (NPGPTD * sizeof(pdpt_entry_t)) - 1,
808 UMA_ZONE_VM | UMA_ZONE_NOFREE);
809 uma_zone_set_allocf(pdptzone, pmap_pdpt_allocf);
814 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_max, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_max, 0,
815 "Max number of PV entries");
816 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, shpgperproc, CTLFLAG_RD, &shpgperproc, 0,
817 "Page share factor per proc");
819 SYSCTL_NODE(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pde, CTLFLAG_RD, 0,
820 "2/4MB page mapping counters");
822 static u_long pmap_pde_demotions;
823 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, demotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
824 &pmap_pde_demotions, 0, "2/4MB page demotions");
826 static u_long pmap_pde_mappings;
827 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, mappings, CTLFLAG_RD,
828 &pmap_pde_mappings, 0, "2/4MB page mappings");
830 static u_long pmap_pde_p_failures;
831 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, p_failures, CTLFLAG_RD,
832 &pmap_pde_p_failures, 0, "2/4MB page promotion failures");
834 static u_long pmap_pde_promotions;
835 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, promotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
836 &pmap_pde_promotions, 0, "2/4MB page promotions");
838 /***************************************************
839 * Low level helper routines.....
840 ***************************************************/
843 * Determine the appropriate bits to set in a PTE or PDE for a specified
847 pmap_cache_bits(int mode, boolean_t is_pde)
849 int cache_bits, pat_flag, pat_idx;
851 if (mode < 0 || mode >= PAT_INDEX_SIZE || pat_index[mode] < 0)
852 panic("Unknown caching mode %d\n", mode);
854 /* The PAT bit is different for PTE's and PDE's. */
855 pat_flag = is_pde ? PG_PDE_PAT : PG_PTE_PAT;
857 /* Map the caching mode to a PAT index. */
858 pat_idx = pat_index[mode];
860 /* Map the 3-bit index value into the PAT, PCD, and PWT bits. */
863 cache_bits |= pat_flag;
865 cache_bits |= PG_NC_PCD;
867 cache_bits |= PG_NC_PWT;
872 * The caller is responsible for maintaining TLB consistency.
875 pmap_kenter_pde(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde)
879 boolean_t PTD_updated;
882 mtx_lock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
883 LIST_FOREACH(pmap, &allpmaps, pm_list) {
884 if ((pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI] & PG_FRAME) == (PTDpde[0] &
887 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
888 pde_store(pde, newpde);
890 mtx_unlock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
892 ("pmap_kenter_pde: current page table is not in allpmaps"));
896 * After changing the page size for the specified virtual address in the page
897 * table, flush the corresponding entries from the processor's TLB. Only the
898 * calling processor's TLB is affected.
900 * The calling thread must be pinned to a processor.
903 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde)
907 if ((newpde & PG_PS) == 0)
908 /* Demotion: flush a specific 2MB page mapping. */
910 else if ((newpde & PG_G) == 0)
912 * Promotion: flush every 4KB page mapping from the TLB
913 * because there are too many to flush individually.
918 * Promotion: flush every 4KB page mapping from the TLB,
919 * including any global (PG_G) mappings.
922 load_cr4(cr4 & ~CR4_PGE);
924 * Although preemption at this point could be detrimental to
925 * performance, it would not lead to an error. PG_G is simply
926 * ignored if CR4.PGE is clear. Moreover, in case this block
927 * is re-entered, the load_cr4() either above or below will
928 * modify CR4.PGE flushing the TLB.
930 load_cr4(cr4 | CR4_PGE);
935 * For SMP, these functions have to use the IPI mechanism for coherence.
937 * N.B.: Before calling any of the following TLB invalidation functions,
938 * the calling processor must ensure that all stores updating a non-
939 * kernel page table are globally performed. Otherwise, another
940 * processor could cache an old, pre-update entry without being
941 * invalidated. This can happen one of two ways: (1) The pmap becomes
942 * active on another processor after its pm_active field is checked by
943 * one of the following functions but before a store updating the page
944 * table is globally performed. (2) The pmap becomes active on another
945 * processor before its pm_active field is checked but due to
946 * speculative loads one of the following functions stills reads the
947 * pmap as inactive on the other processor.
949 * The kernel page table is exempt because its pm_active field is
950 * immutable. The kernel page table is always active on every
954 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
960 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_CMP(&pmap->pm_active, &all_cpus)) {
964 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
965 other_cpus = all_cpus;
966 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
967 if (CPU_ISSET(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active))
969 CPU_AND(&other_cpus, &pmap->pm_active);
970 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&other_cpus))
971 smp_masked_invlpg(other_cpus, va);
977 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
984 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_CMP(&pmap->pm_active, &all_cpus)) {
985 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
987 smp_invlpg_range(sva, eva);
989 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
990 other_cpus = all_cpus;
991 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
992 if (CPU_ISSET(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active))
993 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
995 CPU_AND(&other_cpus, &pmap->pm_active);
996 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&other_cpus))
997 smp_masked_invlpg_range(other_cpus, sva, eva);
1003 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
1005 cpuset_t other_cpus;
1009 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_CMP(&pmap->pm_active, &all_cpus)) {
1013 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1014 other_cpus = all_cpus;
1015 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
1016 if (CPU_ISSET(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active))
1018 CPU_AND(&other_cpus, &pmap->pm_active);
1019 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&other_cpus))
1020 smp_masked_invltlb(other_cpus);
1026 pmap_invalidate_cache(void)
1036 cpuset_t invalidate; /* processors that invalidate their TLB */
1040 u_int store; /* processor that updates the PDE */
1044 pmap_update_pde_kernel(void *arg)
1046 struct pde_action *act = arg;
1050 if (act->store == PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
1053 * Elsewhere, this operation requires allpmaps_lock for
1054 * synchronization. Here, it does not because it is being
1055 * performed in the context of an all_cpus rendezvous.
1057 LIST_FOREACH(pmap, &allpmaps, pm_list) {
1058 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, act->va);
1059 pde_store(pde, act->newpde);
1065 pmap_update_pde_user(void *arg)
1067 struct pde_action *act = arg;
1069 if (act->store == PCPU_GET(cpuid))
1070 pde_store(act->pde, act->newpde);
1074 pmap_update_pde_teardown(void *arg)
1076 struct pde_action *act = arg;
1078 if (CPU_ISSET(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &act->invalidate))
1079 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(act->va, act->newpde);
1083 * Change the page size for the specified virtual address in a way that
1084 * prevents any possibility of the TLB ever having two entries that map the
1085 * same virtual address using different page sizes. This is the recommended
1086 * workaround for Erratum 383 on AMD Family 10h processors. It prevents a
1087 * machine check exception for a TLB state that is improperly diagnosed as a
1091 pmap_update_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde, pd_entry_t newpde)
1093 struct pde_action act;
1094 cpuset_t active, other_cpus;
1098 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1099 other_cpus = all_cpus;
1100 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
1101 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1104 active = pmap->pm_active;
1105 if (CPU_OVERLAP(&active, &other_cpus)) {
1107 act.invalidate = active;
1110 act.newpde = newpde;
1111 CPU_SET(cpuid, &active);
1112 smp_rendezvous_cpus(active,
1113 smp_no_rendevous_barrier, pmap == kernel_pmap ?
1114 pmap_update_pde_kernel : pmap_update_pde_user,
1115 pmap_update_pde_teardown, &act);
1117 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1118 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
1120 pde_store(pde, newpde);
1121 if (CPU_ISSET(cpuid, &active))
1122 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(va, newpde);
1128 * Normal, non-SMP, 486+ invalidation functions.
1129 * We inline these within pmap.c for speed.
1132 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1135 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active))
1140 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1144 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active))
1145 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
1150 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
1153 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active))
1158 pmap_invalidate_cache(void)
1165 pmap_update_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde, pd_entry_t newpde)
1168 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1169 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
1171 pde_store(pde, newpde);
1172 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active))
1173 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(va, newpde);
1177 #define PMAP_CLFLUSH_THRESHOLD (2 * 1024 * 1024)
1180 pmap_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1183 KASSERT((sva & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
1184 ("pmap_invalidate_cache_range: sva not page-aligned"));
1185 KASSERT((eva & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
1186 ("pmap_invalidate_cache_range: eva not page-aligned"));
1188 if (cpu_feature & CPUID_SS)
1189 ; /* If "Self Snoop" is supported, do nothing. */
1190 else if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_CLFSH) != 0 &&
1191 eva - sva < PMAP_CLFLUSH_THRESHOLD) {
1194 * Otherwise, do per-cache line flush. Use the mfence
1195 * instruction to insure that previous stores are
1196 * included in the write-back. The processor
1197 * propagates flush to other processors in the cache
1201 for (; sva < eva; sva += cpu_clflush_line_size)
1207 * No targeted cache flush methods are supported by CPU,
1208 * or the supplied range is bigger than 2MB.
1209 * Globally invalidate cache.
1211 pmap_invalidate_cache();
1216 pmap_invalidate_cache_pages(vm_page_t *pages, int count)
1220 if (count >= PMAP_CLFLUSH_THRESHOLD / PAGE_SIZE ||
1221 (cpu_feature & CPUID_CLFSH) == 0) {
1222 pmap_invalidate_cache();
1224 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
1225 pmap_flush_page(pages[i]);
1230 * Are we current address space or kernel? N.B. We return FALSE when
1231 * a pmap's page table is in use because a kernel thread is borrowing
1232 * it. The borrowed page table can change spontaneously, making any
1233 * dependence on its continued use subject to a race condition.
1236 pmap_is_current(pmap_t pmap)
1239 return (pmap == kernel_pmap ||
1240 (pmap == vmspace_pmap(curthread->td_proc->p_vmspace) &&
1241 (pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI] & PG_FRAME) == (PTDpde[0] & PG_FRAME)));
1245 * If the given pmap is not the current or kernel pmap, the returned pte must
1246 * be released by passing it to pmap_pte_release().
1249 pmap_pte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1254 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1258 /* are we current address space or kernel? */
1259 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
1260 return (vtopte(va));
1261 mtx_lock(&PMAP2mutex);
1262 newpf = *pde & PG_FRAME;
1263 if ((*PMAP2 & PG_FRAME) != newpf) {
1264 *PMAP2 = newpf | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1265 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, (vm_offset_t)PADDR2);
1267 return (PADDR2 + (i386_btop(va) & (NPTEPG - 1)));
1273 * Releases a pte that was obtained from pmap_pte(). Be prepared for the pte
1276 static __inline void
1277 pmap_pte_release(pt_entry_t *pte)
1280 if ((pt_entry_t *)((vm_offset_t)pte & ~PAGE_MASK) == PADDR2)
1281 mtx_unlock(&PMAP2mutex);
1284 static __inline void
1285 invlcaddr(void *caddr)
1288 invlpg((u_int)caddr);
1292 * Super fast pmap_pte routine best used when scanning
1293 * the pv lists. This eliminates many coarse-grained
1294 * invltlb calls. Note that many of the pv list
1295 * scans are across different pmaps. It is very wasteful
1296 * to do an entire invltlb for checking a single mapping.
1298 * If the given pmap is not the current pmap, pvh_global_lock
1299 * must be held and curthread pinned to a CPU.
1302 pmap_pte_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1307 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1311 /* are we current address space or kernel? */
1312 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
1313 return (vtopte(va));
1314 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
1315 KASSERT(curthread->td_pinned > 0, ("curthread not pinned"));
1316 newpf = *pde & PG_FRAME;
1317 if ((*PMAP1 & PG_FRAME) != newpf) {
1318 *PMAP1 = newpf | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1320 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1326 if (PMAP1cpu != PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
1327 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1333 return (PADDR1 + (i386_btop(va) & (NPTEPG - 1)));
1339 * Routine: pmap_extract
1341 * Extract the physical page address associated
1342 * with the given map/virtual_address pair.
1345 pmap_extract(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1353 pde = pmap->pm_pdir[va >> PDRSHIFT];
1355 if ((pde & PG_PS) != 0)
1356 rtval = (pde & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK);
1358 pte = pmap_pte(pmap, va);
1359 rtval = (*pte & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
1360 pmap_pte_release(pte);
1368 * Routine: pmap_extract_and_hold
1370 * Atomically extract and hold the physical page
1371 * with the given pmap and virtual address pair
1372 * if that mapping permits the given protection.
1375 pmap_extract_and_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t prot)
1378 pt_entry_t pte, *ptep;
1386 pde = *pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1389 if ((pde & PG_RW) || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
1390 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, (pde &
1391 PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK), &pa))
1393 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE((pde & PG_PS_FRAME) |
1398 ptep = pmap_pte(pmap, va);
1400 pmap_pte_release(ptep);
1402 ((pte & PG_RW) || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)) {
1403 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, pte & PG_FRAME,
1406 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pte & PG_FRAME);
1416 /***************************************************
1417 * Low level mapping routines.....
1418 ***************************************************/
1421 * Add a wired page to the kva.
1422 * Note: not SMP coherent.
1424 * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
1427 pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
1432 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V | pgeflag);
1435 static __inline void
1436 pmap_kenter_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa, int mode)
1441 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V | pgeflag | pmap_cache_bits(mode, 0));
1445 * Remove a page from the kernel pagetables.
1446 * Note: not SMP coherent.
1448 * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
1451 pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t va)
1460 * Used to map a range of physical addresses into kernel
1461 * virtual address space.
1463 * The value passed in '*virt' is a suggested virtual address for
1464 * the mapping. Architectures which can support a direct-mapped
1465 * physical to virtual region can return the appropriate address
1466 * within that region, leaving '*virt' unchanged. Other
1467 * architectures should map the pages starting at '*virt' and
1468 * update '*virt' with the first usable address after the mapped
1472 pmap_map(vm_offset_t *virt, vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int prot)
1474 vm_offset_t va, sva;
1475 vm_paddr_t superpage_offset;
1480 * Does the physical address range's size and alignment permit at
1481 * least one superpage mapping to be created?
1483 superpage_offset = start & PDRMASK;
1484 if ((end - start) - ((NBPDR - superpage_offset) & PDRMASK) >= NBPDR) {
1486 * Increase the starting virtual address so that its alignment
1487 * does not preclude the use of superpage mappings.
1489 if ((va & PDRMASK) < superpage_offset)
1490 va = (va & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
1491 else if ((va & PDRMASK) > superpage_offset)
1492 va = ((va + PDRMASK) & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
1495 while (start < end) {
1496 if ((start & PDRMASK) == 0 && end - start >= NBPDR &&
1498 KASSERT((va & PDRMASK) == 0,
1499 ("pmap_map: misaligned va %#x", va));
1500 newpde = start | PG_PS | pgeflag | PG_RW | PG_V;
1501 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
1505 pmap_kenter(va, start);
1510 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1517 * Add a list of wired pages to the kva
1518 * this routine is only used for temporary
1519 * kernel mappings that do not need to have
1520 * page modification or references recorded.
1521 * Note that old mappings are simply written
1522 * over. The page *must* be wired.
1523 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1526 pmap_qenter(vm_offset_t sva, vm_page_t *ma, int count)
1528 pt_entry_t *endpte, oldpte, pa, *pte;
1533 endpte = pte + count;
1534 while (pte < endpte) {
1536 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0);
1537 if ((*pte & (PG_FRAME | PG_PTE_CACHE)) != pa) {
1539 pte_store(pte, pa | pgeflag | PG_RW | PG_V);
1543 if (__predict_false((oldpte & PG_V) != 0))
1544 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, sva + count *
1549 * This routine tears out page mappings from the
1550 * kernel -- it is meant only for temporary mappings.
1551 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1554 pmap_qremove(vm_offset_t sva, int count)
1559 while (count-- > 0) {
1563 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1566 /***************************************************
1567 * Page table page management routines.....
1568 ***************************************************/
1569 static __inline void
1570 pmap_free_zero_pages(vm_page_t free)
1574 while (free != NULL) {
1577 /* Preserve the page's PG_ZERO setting. */
1578 vm_page_free_toq(m);
1583 * Schedule the specified unused page table page to be freed. Specifically,
1584 * add the page to the specified list of pages that will be released to the
1585 * physical memory manager after the TLB has been updated.
1587 static __inline void
1588 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(vm_page_t m, vm_page_t *free, boolean_t set_PG_ZERO)
1592 m->flags |= PG_ZERO;
1594 m->flags &= ~PG_ZERO;
1600 * Inserts the specified page table page into the specified pmap's collection
1601 * of idle page table pages. Each of a pmap's page table pages is responsible
1602 * for mapping a distinct range of virtual addresses. The pmap's collection is
1603 * ordered by this virtual address range.
1606 pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte)
1610 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1611 root = pmap->pm_root;
1616 root = vm_page_splay(mpte->pindex, root);
1617 if (mpte->pindex < root->pindex) {
1618 mpte->left = root->left;
1621 } else if (mpte->pindex == root->pindex)
1622 panic("pmap_insert_pt_page: pindex already inserted");
1624 mpte->right = root->right;
1629 pmap->pm_root = mpte;
1633 * Looks for a page table page mapping the specified virtual address in the
1634 * specified pmap's collection of idle page table pages. Returns NULL if there
1635 * is no page table page corresponding to the specified virtual address.
1638 pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1641 vm_pindex_t pindex = va >> PDRSHIFT;
1643 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1644 if ((mpte = pmap->pm_root) != NULL && mpte->pindex != pindex) {
1645 mpte = vm_page_splay(pindex, mpte);
1646 if ((pmap->pm_root = mpte)->pindex != pindex)
1653 * Removes the specified page table page from the specified pmap's collection
1654 * of idle page table pages. The specified page table page must be a member of
1655 * the pmap's collection.
1658 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte)
1662 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1663 if (mpte != pmap->pm_root)
1664 vm_page_splay(mpte->pindex, pmap->pm_root);
1665 if (mpte->left == NULL)
1668 root = vm_page_splay(mpte->pindex, mpte->left);
1669 root->right = mpte->right;
1671 pmap->pm_root = root;
1675 * This routine unholds page table pages, and if the hold count
1676 * drops to zero, then it decrements the wire count.
1679 pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t *free)
1683 if (m->wire_count == 0)
1684 return (_pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, m, free));
1690 _pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t *free)
1695 * unmap the page table page
1697 pmap->pm_pdir[m->pindex] = 0;
1698 --pmap->pm_stats.resident_count;
1701 * This is a release store so that the ordinary store unmapping
1702 * the page table page is globally performed before TLB shoot-
1705 atomic_subtract_rel_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
1708 * Do an invltlb to make the invalidated mapping
1709 * take effect immediately.
1711 pteva = VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS + i386_ptob(m->pindex);
1712 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pteva);
1715 * Put page on a list so that it is released after
1716 * *ALL* TLB shootdown is done
1718 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(m, free, TRUE);
1724 * After removing a page table entry, this routine is used to
1725 * conditionally free the page, and manage the hold/wire counts.
1728 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t *free)
1733 if (va >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
1735 ptepde = *pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1736 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepde & PG_FRAME);
1737 return (pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, mpte, free));
1741 * Initialize the pmap for the swapper process.
1744 pmap_pinit0(pmap_t pmap)
1747 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap);
1749 * Since the page table directory is shared with the kernel pmap,
1750 * which is already included in the list "allpmaps", this pmap does
1751 * not need to be inserted into that list.
1753 pmap->pm_pdir = (pd_entry_t *)(KERNBASE + (vm_offset_t)IdlePTD);
1755 pmap->pm_pdpt = (pdpt_entry_t *)(KERNBASE + (vm_offset_t)IdlePDPT);
1757 pmap->pm_root = NULL;
1758 CPU_ZERO(&pmap->pm_active);
1759 PCPU_SET(curpmap, pmap);
1760 TAILQ_INIT(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1761 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof pmap->pm_stats);
1765 * Initialize a preallocated and zeroed pmap structure,
1766 * such as one in a vmspace structure.
1769 pmap_pinit(pmap_t pmap)
1771 vm_page_t m, ptdpg[NPGPTD];
1775 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap);
1778 * No need to allocate page table space yet but we do need a valid
1779 * page directory table.
1781 if (pmap->pm_pdir == NULL) {
1782 pmap->pm_pdir = (pd_entry_t *)kmem_alloc_nofault(kernel_map,
1784 if (pmap->pm_pdir == NULL) {
1785 PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap);
1789 pmap->pm_pdpt = uma_zalloc(pdptzone, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1790 KASSERT(((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdpt &
1791 ((NPGPTD * sizeof(pdpt_entry_t)) - 1)) == 0,
1792 ("pmap_pinit: pdpt misaligned"));
1793 KASSERT(pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdpt) < (4ULL<<30),
1794 ("pmap_pinit: pdpt above 4g"));
1796 pmap->pm_root = NULL;
1798 KASSERT(pmap->pm_root == NULL,
1799 ("pmap_pinit: pmap has reserved page table page(s)"));
1802 * allocate the page directory page(s)
1804 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD;) {
1805 m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1806 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
1814 pmap_qenter((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdir, ptdpg, NPGPTD);
1816 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++)
1817 if ((ptdpg[i]->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1818 pagezero(pmap->pm_pdir + (i * NPDEPG));
1820 mtx_lock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
1821 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allpmaps, pmap, pm_list);
1822 /* Copy the kernel page table directory entries. */
1823 bcopy(PTD + KPTDI, pmap->pm_pdir + KPTDI, nkpt * sizeof(pd_entry_t));
1824 mtx_unlock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
1826 /* install self-referential address mapping entry(s) */
1827 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++) {
1828 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(ptdpg[i]);
1829 pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI + i] = pa | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M;
1831 pmap->pm_pdpt[i] = pa | PG_V;
1835 CPU_ZERO(&pmap->pm_active);
1836 TAILQ_INIT(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1837 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof pmap->pm_stats);
1843 * this routine is called if the page table page is not
1847 _pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, u_int ptepindex, int flags)
1852 KASSERT((flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_NOWAIT ||
1853 (flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_WAITOK,
1854 ("_pmap_allocpte: flags is neither M_NOWAIT nor M_WAITOK"));
1857 * Allocate a page table page.
1859 if ((m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, ptepindex, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1860 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO)) == NULL) {
1861 if (flags & M_WAITOK) {
1863 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
1865 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
1870 * Indicate the need to retry. While waiting, the page table
1871 * page may have been allocated.
1875 if ((m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1879 * Map the pagetable page into the process address space, if
1880 * it isn't already there.
1883 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
1885 ptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
1886 pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex] =
1887 (pd_entry_t) (ptepa | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M);
1893 pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, int flags)
1899 KASSERT((flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_NOWAIT ||
1900 (flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_WAITOK,
1901 ("pmap_allocpte: flags is neither M_NOWAIT nor M_WAITOK"));
1904 * Calculate pagetable page index
1906 ptepindex = va >> PDRSHIFT;
1909 * Get the page directory entry
1911 ptepa = pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
1914 * This supports switching from a 4MB page to a
1917 if (ptepa & PG_PS) {
1918 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, &pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex], va);
1919 ptepa = pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
1923 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment the
1924 * hold count, and activate it.
1927 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepa & PG_FRAME);
1931 * Here if the pte page isn't mapped, or if it has
1934 m = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, ptepindex, flags);
1935 if (m == NULL && (flags & M_WAITOK))
1942 /***************************************************
1943 * Pmap allocation/deallocation routines.
1944 ***************************************************/
1948 * Deal with a SMP shootdown of other users of the pmap that we are
1949 * trying to dispose of. This can be a bit hairy.
1951 static cpuset_t *lazymask;
1952 static u_int lazyptd;
1953 static volatile u_int lazywait;
1955 void pmap_lazyfix_action(void);
1958 pmap_lazyfix_action(void)
1962 (*ipi_lazypmap_counts[PCPU_GET(cpuid)])++;
1964 if (rcr3() == lazyptd)
1965 load_cr3(curpcb->pcb_cr3);
1966 CPU_CLR_ATOMIC(PCPU_GET(cpuid), lazymask);
1967 atomic_store_rel_int(&lazywait, 1);
1971 pmap_lazyfix_self(u_int cpuid)
1974 if (rcr3() == lazyptd)
1975 load_cr3(curpcb->pcb_cr3);
1976 CPU_CLR_ATOMIC(cpuid, lazymask);
1981 pmap_lazyfix(pmap_t pmap)
1983 cpuset_t mymask, mask;
1987 mask = pmap->pm_active;
1988 while (!CPU_EMPTY(&mask)) {
1991 /* Find least significant set bit. */
1992 lsb = cpusetobj_ffs(&mask);
1995 CPU_SETOF(lsb, &mask);
1996 mtx_lock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
1998 lazyptd = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdpt);
2000 lazyptd = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdir);
2002 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
2004 /* Use a cpuset just for having an easy check. */
2005 CPU_SETOF(cpuid, &mymask);
2006 if (!CPU_CMP(&mask, &mymask)) {
2007 lazymask = &pmap->pm_active;
2008 pmap_lazyfix_self(cpuid);
2010 atomic_store_rel_int((u_int *)&lazymask,
2011 (u_int)&pmap->pm_active);
2012 atomic_store_rel_int(&lazywait, 0);
2013 ipi_selected(mask, IPI_LAZYPMAP);
2014 while (lazywait == 0) {
2020 mtx_unlock_spin(&smp_ipi_mtx);
2022 printf("pmap_lazyfix: spun for 50000000\n");
2023 mask = pmap->pm_active;
2030 * Cleaning up on uniprocessor is easy. For various reasons, we're
2031 * unlikely to have to even execute this code, including the fact
2032 * that the cleanup is deferred until the parent does a wait(2), which
2033 * means that another userland process has run.
2036 pmap_lazyfix(pmap_t pmap)
2040 cr3 = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdir);
2041 if (cr3 == rcr3()) {
2042 load_cr3(curpcb->pcb_cr3);
2043 CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &pmap->pm_active);
2049 * Release any resources held by the given physical map.
2050 * Called when a pmap initialized by pmap_pinit is being released.
2051 * Should only be called if the map contains no valid mappings.
2054 pmap_release(pmap_t pmap)
2056 vm_page_t m, ptdpg[NPGPTD];
2059 KASSERT(pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0,
2060 ("pmap_release: pmap resident count %ld != 0",
2061 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count));
2062 KASSERT(pmap->pm_root == NULL,
2063 ("pmap_release: pmap has reserved page table page(s)"));
2066 mtx_lock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
2067 LIST_REMOVE(pmap, pm_list);
2068 mtx_unlock_spin(&allpmaps_lock);
2070 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++)
2071 ptdpg[i] = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI + i] &
2074 bzero(pmap->pm_pdir + PTDPTDI, (nkpt + NPGPTD) *
2075 sizeof(*pmap->pm_pdir));
2077 pmap_qremove((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdir, NPGPTD);
2079 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++) {
2082 KASSERT(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) == (pmap->pm_pdpt[i] & PG_FRAME),
2083 ("pmap_release: got wrong ptd page"));
2086 atomic_subtract_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
2087 vm_page_free_zero(m);
2089 PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap);
2093 kvm_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2095 unsigned long ksize = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - KERNBASE;
2097 return (sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &ksize, 0, req));
2099 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_size, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
2100 0, 0, kvm_size, "IU", "Size of KVM");
2103 kvm_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2105 unsigned long kfree = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - kernel_vm_end;
2107 return (sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &kfree, 0, req));
2109 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_free, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
2110 0, 0, kvm_free, "IU", "Amount of KVM free");
2113 * grow the number of kernel page table entries, if needed
2116 pmap_growkernel(vm_offset_t addr)
2118 vm_paddr_t ptppaddr;
2122 mtx_assert(&kernel_map->system_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2123 addr = roundup2(addr, NBPDR);
2124 if (addr - 1 >= kernel_map->max_offset)
2125 addr = kernel_map->max_offset;
2126 while (kernel_vm_end < addr) {
2127 if (pdir_pde(PTD, kernel_vm_end)) {
2128 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2129 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= kernel_map->max_offset) {
2130 kernel_vm_end = kernel_map->max_offset;
2136 nkpg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, kernel_vm_end >> PDRSHIFT,
2137 VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED |
2140 panic("pmap_growkernel: no memory to grow kernel");
2144 if ((nkpg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
2145 pmap_zero_page(nkpg);
2146 ptppaddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(nkpg);
2147 newpdir = (pd_entry_t) (ptppaddr | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M);
2148 pdir_pde(KPTD, kernel_vm_end) = pgeflag | newpdir;
2150 pmap_kenter_pde(kernel_vm_end, newpdir);
2151 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2152 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= kernel_map->max_offset) {
2153 kernel_vm_end = kernel_map->max_offset;
2160 /***************************************************
2161 * page management routines.
2162 ***************************************************/
2164 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct pv_chunk) == PAGE_SIZE);
2165 CTASSERT(_NPCM == 11);
2166 CTASSERT(_NPCPV == 336);
2168 static __inline struct pv_chunk *
2169 pv_to_chunk(pv_entry_t pv)
2172 return ((struct pv_chunk *)((uintptr_t)pv & ~(uintptr_t)PAGE_MASK));
2175 #define PV_PMAP(pv) (pv_to_chunk(pv)->pc_pmap)
2177 #define PC_FREE0_9 0xfffffffful /* Free values for index 0 through 9 */
2178 #define PC_FREE10 0x0000fffful /* Free values for index 10 */
2180 static const uint32_t pc_freemask[_NPCM] = {
2181 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9,
2182 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9,
2183 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9,
2184 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE10
2187 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_count, 0,
2188 "Current number of pv entries");
2191 static int pc_chunk_count, pc_chunk_allocs, pc_chunk_frees, pc_chunk_tryfail;
2193 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_count, 0,
2194 "Current number of pv entry chunks");
2195 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_allocs, 0,
2196 "Current number of pv entry chunks allocated");
2197 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_frees, 0,
2198 "Current number of pv entry chunks frees");
2199 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_tryfail, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_tryfail, 0,
2200 "Number of times tried to get a chunk page but failed.");
2202 static long pv_entry_frees, pv_entry_allocs;
2203 static int pv_entry_spare;
2205 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_frees, 0,
2206 "Current number of pv entry frees");
2207 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_allocs, 0,
2208 "Current number of pv entry allocs");
2209 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_spare, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_spare, 0,
2210 "Current number of spare pv entries");
2214 * We are in a serious low memory condition. Resort to
2215 * drastic measures to free some pages so we can allocate
2216 * another pv entry chunk.
2219 pmap_pv_reclaim(pmap_t locked_pmap)
2222 struct pv_chunk *pc;
2223 struct md_page *pvh;
2226 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
2229 vm_page_t free, m, m_pc;
2231 int bit, field, freed;
2233 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(locked_pmap, MA_OWNED);
2236 TAILQ_INIT(&newtail);
2238 while ((pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pv_chunks)) != NULL && (pv_vafree == 0 ||
2240 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
2241 if (pmap != pc->pc_pmap) {
2243 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2244 if (pmap != locked_pmap)
2248 /* Avoid deadlock and lock recursion. */
2249 if (pmap > locked_pmap)
2251 else if (pmap != locked_pmap && !PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
2253 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newtail, pc, pc_lru);
2259 * Destroy every non-wired, 4 KB page mapping in the chunk.
2262 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
2263 for (inuse = ~pc->pc_map[field] & pc_freemask[field];
2264 inuse != 0; inuse &= ~(1UL << bit)) {
2266 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 32 + bit];
2268 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
2269 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0)
2271 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va);
2272 if ((*pte & PG_W) != 0)
2274 tpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
2275 if ((tpte & PG_G) != 0)
2276 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2277 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(tpte & PG_FRAME);
2278 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2280 if ((tpte & PG_A) != 0)
2281 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2282 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2283 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
2284 (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
2285 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2286 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list)) {
2287 vm_page_aflag_clear(m,
2291 pc->pc_map[field] |= 1UL << bit;
2292 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, &free);
2297 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newtail, pc, pc_lru);
2300 /* Every freed mapping is for a 4 KB page. */
2301 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= freed;
2302 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees += freed);
2303 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare += freed);
2304 pv_entry_count -= freed;
2305 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2306 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++)
2307 if (pc->pc_map[field] != pc_freemask[field]) {
2308 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc,
2310 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newtail, pc, pc_lru);
2313 * One freed pv entry in locked_pmap is
2316 if (pmap == locked_pmap)
2320 if (field == _NPCM) {
2321 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare -= _NPCPV);
2322 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count--);
2323 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_frees++);
2324 /* Entire chunk is free; return it. */
2325 m_pc = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)pc));
2326 pmap_qremove((vm_offset_t)pc, 1);
2327 pmap_ptelist_free(&pv_vafree, (vm_offset_t)pc);
2333 TAILQ_CONCAT(&pv_chunks, &newtail, pc_lru);
2335 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2336 if (pmap != locked_pmap)
2339 if (m_pc == NULL && pv_vafree != 0 && free != NULL) {
2342 /* Recycle a freed page table page. */
2343 m_pc->wire_count = 1;
2344 atomic_add_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
2346 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
2351 * free the pv_entry back to the free list
2354 free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv)
2356 struct pv_chunk *pc;
2357 int idx, field, bit;
2359 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2360 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2361 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees++);
2362 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare++);
2364 pc = pv_to_chunk(pv);
2365 idx = pv - &pc->pc_pventry[0];
2368 pc->pc_map[field] |= 1ul << bit;
2369 for (idx = 0; idx < _NPCM; idx++)
2370 if (pc->pc_map[idx] != pc_freemask[idx]) {
2372 * 98% of the time, pc is already at the head of the
2373 * list. If it isn't already, move it to the head.
2375 if (__predict_false(TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk) !=
2377 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2378 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc,
2383 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2388 free_pv_chunk(struct pv_chunk *pc)
2392 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
2393 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare -= _NPCPV);
2394 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count--);
2395 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_frees++);
2396 /* entire chunk is free, return it */
2397 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)pc));
2398 pmap_qremove((vm_offset_t)pc, 1);
2399 vm_page_unwire(m, 0);
2401 pmap_ptelist_free(&pv_vafree, (vm_offset_t)pc);
2405 * get a new pv_entry, allocating a block from the system
2409 get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, boolean_t try)
2411 static const struct timeval printinterval = { 60, 0 };
2412 static struct timeval lastprint;
2415 struct pv_chunk *pc;
2418 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2419 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2420 PV_STAT(pv_entry_allocs++);
2422 if (pv_entry_count > pv_entry_high_water)
2423 if (ratecheck(&lastprint, &printinterval))
2424 printf("Approaching the limit on PV entries, consider "
2425 "increasing either the vm.pmap.shpgperproc or the "
2426 "vm.pmap.pv_entry_max tunable.\n");
2428 pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
2430 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
2431 if (pc->pc_map[field]) {
2432 bit = bsfl(pc->pc_map[field]);
2436 if (field < _NPCM) {
2437 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 32 + bit];
2438 pc->pc_map[field] &= ~(1ul << bit);
2439 /* If this was the last item, move it to tail */
2440 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++)
2441 if (pc->pc_map[field] != 0) {
2442 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare--);
2443 return (pv); /* not full, return */
2445 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2446 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2447 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare--);
2452 * Access to the ptelist "pv_vafree" is synchronized by the pvh
2453 * global lock. If "pv_vafree" is currently non-empty, it will
2454 * remain non-empty until pmap_ptelist_alloc() completes.
2456 if (pv_vafree == 0 || (m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
2457 VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED)) == NULL) {
2460 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_tryfail++);
2463 m = pmap_pv_reclaim(pmap);
2467 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count++);
2468 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_allocs++);
2469 pc = (struct pv_chunk *)pmap_ptelist_alloc(&pv_vafree);
2470 pmap_qenter((vm_offset_t)pc, &m, 1);
2472 pc->pc_map[0] = pc_freemask[0] & ~1ul; /* preallocated bit 0 */
2473 for (field = 1; field < _NPCM; field++)
2474 pc->pc_map[field] = pc_freemask[field];
2475 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
2476 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[0];
2477 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2478 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare += _NPCPV - 1);
2482 static __inline pv_entry_t
2483 pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
2487 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2488 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
2489 if (pmap == PV_PMAP(pv) && va == pv->pv_va) {
2490 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2498 pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2500 struct md_page *pvh;
2502 vm_offset_t va_last;
2505 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2506 KASSERT((pa & PDRMASK) == 0,
2507 ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: pa is not 4mpage aligned"));
2510 * Transfer the 4mpage's pv entry for this mapping to the first
2513 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2514 va = trunc_4mpage(va);
2515 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
2516 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: pv not found"));
2517 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2518 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2519 /* Instantiate the remaining NPTEPG - 1 pv entries. */
2520 va_last = va + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2523 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
2524 ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: page %p is not managed", m));
2526 pmap_insert_entry(pmap, va, m);
2527 } while (va < va_last);
2531 pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2533 struct md_page *pvh;
2535 vm_offset_t va_last;
2538 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2539 KASSERT((pa & PDRMASK) == 0,
2540 ("pmap_pv_promote_pde: pa is not 4mpage aligned"));
2543 * Transfer the first page's pv entry for this mapping to the
2544 * 4mpage's pv list. Aside from avoiding the cost of a call
2545 * to get_pv_entry(), a transfer avoids the possibility that
2546 * get_pv_entry() calls pmap_collect() and that pmap_collect()
2547 * removes one of the mappings that is being promoted.
2549 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2550 va = trunc_4mpage(va);
2551 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&m->md, pmap, va);
2552 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_promote_pde: pv not found"));
2553 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2554 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2555 /* Free the remaining NPTEPG - 1 pv entries. */
2556 va_last = va + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2560 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2561 } while (va < va_last);
2565 pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
2569 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
2570 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pvh_free: pv not found"));
2571 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
2575 pmap_remove_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, vm_offset_t va)
2577 struct md_page *pvh;
2579 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2580 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2581 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
2582 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2583 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2584 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2589 * Create a pv entry for page at pa for
2593 pmap_insert_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m)
2597 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2598 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2599 pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, FALSE);
2601 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2605 * Conditionally create a pv entry.
2608 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m)
2612 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2613 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2614 if (pv_entry_count < pv_entry_high_water &&
2615 (pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, TRUE)) != NULL) {
2617 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2624 * Create the pv entries for each of the pages within a superpage.
2627 pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2629 struct md_page *pvh;
2632 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2633 if (pv_entry_count < pv_entry_high_water &&
2634 (pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, TRUE)) != NULL) {
2636 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2637 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2644 * Fills a page table page with mappings to consecutive physical pages.
2647 pmap_fill_ptp(pt_entry_t *firstpte, pt_entry_t newpte)
2651 for (pte = firstpte; pte < firstpte + NPTEPG; pte++) {
2653 newpte += PAGE_SIZE;
2658 * Tries to demote a 2- or 4MB page mapping. If demotion fails, the
2659 * 2- or 4MB page mapping is invalidated.
2662 pmap_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
2664 pd_entry_t newpde, oldpde;
2665 pt_entry_t *firstpte, newpte;
2667 vm_page_t free, mpte;
2669 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2671 KASSERT((oldpde & (PG_PS | PG_V)) == (PG_PS | PG_V),
2672 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_PS and/or PG_V"));
2673 mpte = pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap, va);
2675 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
2677 KASSERT((oldpde & PG_W) == 0,
2678 ("pmap_demote_pde: page table page for a wired mapping"
2682 * Invalidate the 2- or 4MB page mapping and return
2683 * "failure" if the mapping was never accessed or the
2684 * allocation of the new page table page fails.
2686 if ((oldpde & PG_A) == 0 || (mpte = vm_page_alloc(NULL,
2687 va >> PDRSHIFT, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
2688 VM_ALLOC_WIRED)) == NULL) {
2690 pmap_remove_pde(pmap, pde, trunc_4mpage(va), &free);
2691 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, trunc_4mpage(va));
2692 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
2693 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_pde: failure for va %#x"
2694 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2697 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
2698 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
2700 mptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpte);
2703 * If the page mapping is in the kernel's address space, then the
2704 * KPTmap can provide access to the page table page. Otherwise,
2705 * temporarily map the page table page (mpte) into the kernel's
2706 * address space at either PADDR1 or PADDR2.
2709 firstpte = &KPTmap[i386_btop(trunc_4mpage(va))];
2710 else if (curthread->td_pinned > 0 && rw_wowned(&pvh_global_lock)) {
2711 if ((*PMAP1 & PG_FRAME) != mptepa) {
2712 *PMAP1 = mptepa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
2714 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
2720 if (PMAP1cpu != PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
2721 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
2729 mtx_lock(&PMAP2mutex);
2730 if ((*PMAP2 & PG_FRAME) != mptepa) {
2731 *PMAP2 = mptepa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
2732 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, (vm_offset_t)PADDR2);
2736 newpde = mptepa | PG_M | PG_A | (oldpde & PG_U) | PG_RW | PG_V;
2737 KASSERT((oldpde & PG_A) != 0,
2738 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_A"));
2739 KASSERT((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) != PG_RW,
2740 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_M"));
2741 newpte = oldpde & ~PG_PS;
2742 if ((newpte & PG_PDE_PAT) != 0)
2743 newpte ^= PG_PDE_PAT | PG_PTE_PAT;
2746 * If the page table page is new, initialize it.
2748 if (mpte->wire_count == 1) {
2749 mpte->wire_count = NPTEPG;
2750 pmap_fill_ptp(firstpte, newpte);
2752 KASSERT((*firstpte & PG_FRAME) == (newpte & PG_FRAME),
2753 ("pmap_demote_pde: firstpte and newpte map different physical"
2757 * If the mapping has changed attributes, update the page table
2760 if ((*firstpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE) != (newpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE))
2761 pmap_fill_ptp(firstpte, newpte);
2764 * Demote the mapping. This pmap is locked. The old PDE has
2765 * PG_A set. If the old PDE has PG_RW set, it also has PG_M
2766 * set. Thus, there is no danger of a race with another
2767 * processor changing the setting of PG_A and/or PG_M between
2768 * the read above and the store below.
2770 if (workaround_erratum383)
2771 pmap_update_pde(pmap, va, pde, newpde);
2772 else if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
2773 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
2775 pde_store(pde, newpde);
2776 if (firstpte == PADDR2)
2777 mtx_unlock(&PMAP2mutex);
2780 * Invalidate the recursive mapping of the page table page.
2782 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, (vm_offset_t)vtopte(va));
2785 * Demote the pv entry. This depends on the earlier demotion
2786 * of the mapping. Specifically, the (re)creation of a per-
2787 * page pv entry might trigger the execution of pmap_collect(),
2788 * which might reclaim a newly (re)created per-page pv entry
2789 * and destroy the associated mapping. In order to destroy
2790 * the mapping, the PDE must have already changed from mapping
2791 * the 2mpage to referencing the page table page.
2793 if ((oldpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
2794 pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap, va, oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2796 pmap_pde_demotions++;
2797 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_pde: success for va %#x"
2798 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2803 * pmap_remove_pde: do the things to unmap a superpage in a process
2806 pmap_remove_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pdq, vm_offset_t sva,
2809 struct md_page *pvh;
2811 vm_offset_t eva, va;
2814 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2815 KASSERT((sva & PDRMASK) == 0,
2816 ("pmap_remove_pde: sva is not 4mpage aligned"));
2817 oldpde = pte_load_clear(pdq);
2819 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
2822 * Machines that don't support invlpg, also don't support
2826 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, sva);
2827 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
2828 if (oldpde & PG_MANAGED) {
2829 pvh = pa_to_pvh(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2830 pmap_pvh_free(pvh, pmap, sva);
2832 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2833 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++) {
2834 if ((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2837 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2838 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
2839 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2840 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2843 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
2844 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pdq, sva))
2845 panic("pmap_remove_pde: failed demotion");
2847 mpte = pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap, sva);
2849 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
2850 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
2851 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG,
2852 ("pmap_remove_pde: pte page wire count error"));
2853 mpte->wire_count = 0;
2854 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, free, FALSE);
2855 atomic_subtract_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
2861 * pmap_remove_pte: do the things to unmap a page in a process
2864 pmap_remove_pte(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *ptq, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t *free)
2869 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2870 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2871 oldpte = pte_load_clear(ptq);
2873 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= 1;
2875 * Machines that don't support invlpg, also don't support
2879 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, va);
2880 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= 1;
2881 if (oldpte & PG_MANAGED) {
2882 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpte & PG_FRAME);
2883 if ((oldpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2886 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2887 pmap_remove_entry(pmap, m, va);
2889 return (pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, free));
2893 * Remove a single page from a process address space
2896 pmap_remove_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t *free)
2900 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2901 KASSERT(curthread->td_pinned > 0, ("curthread not pinned"));
2902 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2903 if ((pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va)) == NULL || *pte == 0)
2905 pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, va, free);
2906 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2910 * Remove the given range of addresses from the specified map.
2912 * It is assumed that the start and end are properly
2913 * rounded to the page size.
2916 pmap_remove(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
2921 vm_page_t free = NULL;
2925 * Perform an unsynchronized read. This is, however, safe.
2927 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
2932 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2937 * special handling of removing one page. a very
2938 * common operation and easy to short circuit some
2941 if ((sva + PAGE_SIZE == eva) &&
2942 ((pmap->pm_pdir[(sva >> PDRSHIFT)] & PG_PS) == 0)) {
2943 pmap_remove_page(pmap, sva, &free);
2947 for (; sva < eva; sva = pdnxt) {
2951 * Calculate index for next page table.
2953 pdnxt = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2956 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
2959 pdirindex = sva >> PDRSHIFT;
2960 ptpaddr = pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex];
2963 * Weed out invalid mappings. Note: we assume that the page
2964 * directory table is always allocated, and in kernel virtual.
2970 * Check for large page.
2972 if ((ptpaddr & PG_PS) != 0) {
2974 * Are we removing the entire large page? If not,
2975 * demote the mapping and fall through.
2977 if (sva + NBPDR == pdnxt && eva >= pdnxt) {
2979 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is
2980 * invalidated by pmap_remove_pde().
2982 if ((ptpaddr & PG_G) == 0)
2984 pmap_remove_pde(pmap,
2985 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva, &free);
2987 } else if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap,
2988 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva)) {
2989 /* The large page mapping was destroyed. */
2995 * Limit our scan to either the end of the va represented
2996 * by the current page table page, or to the end of the
2997 * range being removed.
3002 for (pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva); sva != pdnxt; pte++,
3008 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is invalidated
3009 * by pmap_remove_pte().
3011 if ((*pte & PG_G) == 0)
3013 if (pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, sva, &free))
3020 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3021 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3023 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3027 * Routine: pmap_remove_all
3029 * Removes this physical page from
3030 * all physical maps in which it resides.
3031 * Reflects back modify bits to the pager.
3034 * Original versions of this routine were very
3035 * inefficient because they iteratively called
3036 * pmap_remove (slow...)
3040 pmap_remove_all(vm_page_t m)
3042 struct md_page *pvh;
3045 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
3050 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3051 ("pmap_remove_all: page %p is not managed", m));
3053 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3055 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
3056 goto small_mappings;
3057 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3058 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) != NULL) {
3062 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3063 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3067 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != NULL) {
3070 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
3071 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3072 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_remove_all: found"
3073 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
3074 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3075 tpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
3077 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3079 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
3082 * Update the vm_page_t clean and reference bits.
3084 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
3086 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, &free);
3087 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3088 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
3089 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
3092 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3094 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3095 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3099 * pmap_protect_pde: do the things to protect a 4mpage in a process
3102 pmap_protect_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t sva, vm_prot_t prot)
3104 pd_entry_t newpde, oldpde;
3105 vm_offset_t eva, va;
3107 boolean_t anychanged;
3109 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3110 KASSERT((sva & PDRMASK) == 0,
3111 ("pmap_protect_pde: sva is not 4mpage aligned"));
3114 oldpde = newpde = *pde;
3115 if (oldpde & PG_MANAGED) {
3117 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
3118 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++)
3119 if ((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
3122 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
3123 newpde &= ~(PG_RW | PG_M);
3125 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3128 if (newpde != oldpde) {
3129 if (!pde_cmpset(pde, oldpde, newpde))
3132 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, sva);
3136 return (anychanged);
3140 * Set the physical protection on the
3141 * specified range of this map as requested.
3144 pmap_protect(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva, vm_prot_t prot)
3149 boolean_t anychanged, pv_lists_locked;
3151 if ((prot & VM_PROT_READ) == VM_PROT_NONE) {
3152 pmap_remove(pmap, sva, eva);
3157 if ((prot & (VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) ==
3158 (VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_EXECUTE))
3161 if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
3165 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
3166 pv_lists_locked = FALSE;
3168 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
3170 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3176 for (; sva < eva; sva = pdnxt) {
3177 pt_entry_t obits, pbits;
3180 pdnxt = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
3184 pdirindex = sva >> PDRSHIFT;
3185 ptpaddr = pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex];
3188 * Weed out invalid mappings. Note: we assume that the page
3189 * directory table is always allocated, and in kernel virtual.
3195 * Check for large page.
3197 if ((ptpaddr & PG_PS) != 0) {
3199 * Are we protecting the entire large page? If not,
3200 * demote the mapping and fall through.
3202 if (sva + NBPDR == pdnxt && eva >= pdnxt) {
3204 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is
3205 * invalidated by pmap_protect_pde().
3207 if (pmap_protect_pde(pmap,
3208 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva, prot))
3212 if (!pv_lists_locked) {
3213 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
3214 if (!rw_try_wlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
3216 pmap_invalidate_all(
3222 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap,
3223 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva)) {
3225 * The large page mapping was
3236 for (pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva); sva != pdnxt; pte++,
3242 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits in
3243 * size, PG_RW, PG_A, and PG_M are among the least
3244 * significant 32 bits.
3246 obits = pbits = *pte;
3247 if ((pbits & PG_V) == 0)
3250 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
3251 if ((pbits & (PG_MANAGED | PG_M | PG_RW)) ==
3252 (PG_MANAGED | PG_M | PG_RW)) {
3253 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pbits & PG_FRAME);
3256 pbits &= ~(PG_RW | PG_M);
3259 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3263 if (pbits != obits) {
3265 if (!atomic_cmpset_64(pte, obits, pbits))
3268 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, obits,
3273 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, sva);
3280 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3281 if (pv_lists_locked) {
3283 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3289 * Tries to promote the 512 or 1024, contiguous 4KB page mappings that are
3290 * within a single page table page (PTP) to a single 2- or 4MB page mapping.
3291 * For promotion to occur, two conditions must be met: (1) the 4KB page
3292 * mappings must map aligned, contiguous physical memory and (2) the 4KB page
3293 * mappings must have identical characteristics.
3295 * Managed (PG_MANAGED) mappings within the kernel address space are not
3296 * promoted. The reason is that kernel PDEs are replicated in each pmap but
3297 * pmap_clear_ptes() and pmap_ts_referenced() only read the PDE from the kernel
3301 pmap_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
3304 pt_entry_t *firstpte, oldpte, pa, *pte;
3305 vm_offset_t oldpteva;
3308 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3311 * Examine the first PTE in the specified PTP. Abort if this PTE is
3312 * either invalid, unused, or does not map the first 4KB physical page
3313 * within a 2- or 4MB page.
3315 firstpte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, trunc_4mpage(va));
3318 if ((newpde & ((PG_FRAME & PDRMASK) | PG_A | PG_V)) != (PG_A | PG_V)) {
3319 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3320 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3321 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3324 if ((*firstpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0 && pmap == kernel_pmap) {
3325 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3326 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3327 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3330 if ((newpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == PG_RW) {
3332 * When PG_M is already clear, PG_RW can be cleared without
3333 * a TLB invalidation.
3335 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)firstpte, newpde, newpde &
3342 * Examine each of the other PTEs in the specified PTP. Abort if this
3343 * PTE maps an unexpected 4KB physical page or does not have identical
3344 * characteristics to the first PTE.
3346 pa = (newpde & (PG_PS_FRAME | PG_A | PG_V)) + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
3347 for (pte = firstpte + NPTEPG - 1; pte > firstpte; pte--) {
3350 if ((oldpte & (PG_FRAME | PG_A | PG_V)) != pa) {
3351 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3352 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3353 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3356 if ((oldpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == PG_RW) {
3358 * When PG_M is already clear, PG_RW can be cleared
3359 * without a TLB invalidation.
3361 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, oldpte,
3365 oldpteva = (oldpte & PG_FRAME & PDRMASK) |
3367 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: protect for va %#x"
3368 " in pmap %p", oldpteva, pmap);
3370 if ((oldpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE) != (newpde & PG_PTE_PROMOTE)) {
3371 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3372 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3373 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3380 * Save the page table page in its current state until the PDE
3381 * mapping the superpage is demoted by pmap_demote_pde() or
3382 * destroyed by pmap_remove_pde().
3384 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pde & PG_FRAME);
3385 KASSERT(mpte >= vm_page_array &&
3386 mpte < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
3387 ("pmap_promote_pde: page table page is out of range"));
3388 KASSERT(mpte->pindex == va >> PDRSHIFT,
3389 ("pmap_promote_pde: page table page's pindex is wrong"));
3390 pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
3393 * Promote the pv entries.
3395 if ((newpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
3396 pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap, va, newpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
3399 * Propagate the PAT index to its proper position.
3401 if ((newpde & PG_PTE_PAT) != 0)
3402 newpde ^= PG_PDE_PAT | PG_PTE_PAT;
3405 * Map the superpage.
3407 if (workaround_erratum383)
3408 pmap_update_pde(pmap, va, pde, PG_PS | newpde);
3409 else if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
3410 pmap_kenter_pde(va, PG_PS | newpde);
3412 pde_store(pde, PG_PS | newpde);
3414 pmap_pde_promotions++;
3415 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: success for va %#x"
3416 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3420 * Insert the given physical page (p) at
3421 * the specified virtual address (v) in the
3422 * target physical map with the protection requested.
3424 * If specified, the page will be wired down, meaning
3425 * that the related pte can not be reclaimed.
3427 * NB: This is the only routine which MAY NOT lazy-evaluate
3428 * or lose information. That is, this routine must actually
3429 * insert this page into the given map NOW.
3432 pmap_enter(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t access, vm_page_t m,
3433 vm_prot_t prot, boolean_t wired)
3437 pt_entry_t newpte, origpte;
3443 va = trunc_page(va);
3444 KASSERT(va <= VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS, ("pmap_enter: toobig"));
3445 KASSERT(va < UPT_MIN_ADDRESS || va >= UPT_MAX_ADDRESS,
3446 ("pmap_enter: invalid to pmap_enter page table pages (va: 0x%x)",
3448 KASSERT((m->oflags & (VPO_UNMANAGED | VPO_BUSY)) != 0 ||
3449 VM_OBJECT_LOCKED(m->object),
3450 ("pmap_enter: page %p is not busy", m));
3454 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3459 * In the case that a page table page is not
3460 * resident, we are creating it here.
3462 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
3463 mpte = pmap_allocpte(pmap, va, M_WAITOK);
3466 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3467 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0)
3468 panic("pmap_enter: attempted pmap_enter on 4MB page");
3469 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va);
3472 * Page Directory table entry not valid, we need a new PT page
3475 panic("pmap_enter: invalid page directory pdir=%#jx, va=%#x",
3476 (uintmax_t)pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI], va);
3479 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
3482 opa = origpte & PG_FRAME;
3485 * Mapping has not changed, must be protection or wiring change.
3487 if (origpte && (opa == pa)) {
3489 * Wiring change, just update stats. We don't worry about
3490 * wiring PT pages as they remain resident as long as there
3491 * are valid mappings in them. Hence, if a user page is wired,
3492 * the PT page will be also.
3494 if (wired && ((origpte & PG_W) == 0))
3495 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3496 else if (!wired && (origpte & PG_W))
3497 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3500 * Remove extra pte reference
3505 if (origpte & PG_MANAGED) {
3515 * Mapping has changed, invalidate old range and fall through to
3516 * handle validating new mapping.
3520 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3521 if (origpte & PG_MANAGED) {
3522 om = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(opa);
3523 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&om->md, pmap, va);
3527 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count > 0,
3528 ("pmap_enter: missing reference to page table page,"
3532 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
3535 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
3537 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0) {
3538 KASSERT(va < kmi.clean_sva || va >= kmi.clean_eva,
3539 ("pmap_enter: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
3541 pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, FALSE);
3543 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
3545 } else if (pv != NULL)
3546 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
3549 * Increment counters
3552 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3556 * Now validate mapping with desired protection/wiring.
3558 newpte = (pt_entry_t)(pa | pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0) | PG_V);
3559 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0) {
3561 if ((newpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
3562 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3565 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3570 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
3572 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
3576 * if the mapping or permission bits are different, we need
3577 * to update the pte.
3579 if ((origpte & ~(PG_M|PG_A)) != newpte) {
3581 if ((access & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0)
3583 if (origpte & PG_V) {
3585 origpte = pte_load_store(pte, newpte);
3586 if (origpte & PG_A) {
3587 if (origpte & PG_MANAGED)
3588 vm_page_aflag_set(om, PGA_REFERENCED);
3589 if (opa != VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))
3592 if ((origpte & PG_NX) == 0 &&
3593 (newpte & PG_NX) != 0)
3597 if ((origpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
3598 if ((origpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
3600 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
3603 if ((origpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0 &&
3604 TAILQ_EMPTY(&om->md.pv_list) &&
3605 ((om->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
3606 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pa_to_pvh(opa)->pv_list)))
3607 vm_page_aflag_clear(om, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3609 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3611 pte_store(pte, newpte);
3615 * If both the page table page and the reservation are fully
3616 * populated, then attempt promotion.
3618 if ((mpte == NULL || mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG) &&
3619 pg_ps_enabled && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
3620 vm_reserv_level_iffullpop(m) == 0)
3621 pmap_promote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3624 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3629 * Tries to create a 2- or 4MB page mapping. Returns TRUE if successful and
3630 * FALSE otherwise. Fails if (1) a page table page cannot be allocated without
3631 * blocking, (2) a mapping already exists at the specified virtual address, or
3632 * (3) a pv entry cannot be allocated without reclaiming another pv entry.
3635 pmap_enter_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
3637 pd_entry_t *pde, newpde;
3639 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
3640 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3641 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3643 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
3644 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3647 newpde = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 1) |
3649 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0) {
3650 newpde |= PG_MANAGED;
3653 * Abort this mapping if its PV entry could not be created.
3655 if (!pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap, va, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))) {
3656 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
3657 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3662 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3665 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
3669 * Increment counters.
3671 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
3674 * Map the superpage.
3676 pde_store(pde, newpde);
3678 pmap_pde_mappings++;
3679 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: success for va %#lx"
3680 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3685 * Maps a sequence of resident pages belonging to the same object.
3686 * The sequence begins with the given page m_start. This page is
3687 * mapped at the given virtual address start. Each subsequent page is
3688 * mapped at a virtual address that is offset from start by the same
3689 * amount as the page is offset from m_start within the object. The
3690 * last page in the sequence is the page with the largest offset from
3691 * m_start that can be mapped at a virtual address less than the given
3692 * virtual address end. Not every virtual page between start and end
3693 * is mapped; only those for which a resident page exists with the
3694 * corresponding offset from m_start are mapped.
3697 pmap_enter_object(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
3698 vm_page_t m_start, vm_prot_t prot)
3702 vm_pindex_t diff, psize;
3704 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(m_start->object, MA_OWNED);
3705 psize = atop(end - start);
3708 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3710 while (m != NULL && (diff = m->pindex - m_start->pindex) < psize) {
3711 va = start + ptoa(diff);
3712 if ((va & PDRMASK) == 0 && va + NBPDR <= end &&
3713 (VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) & PDRMASK) == 0 &&
3714 pg_ps_enabled && vm_reserv_level_iffullpop(m) == 0 &&
3715 pmap_enter_pde(pmap, va, m, prot))
3716 m = &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE - 1];
3718 mpte = pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot,
3720 m = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq);
3722 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3727 * this code makes some *MAJOR* assumptions:
3728 * 1. Current pmap & pmap exists.
3731 * 4. No page table pages.
3732 * but is *MUCH* faster than pmap_enter...
3736 pmap_enter_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
3739 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3741 (void)pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot, NULL);
3742 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3747 pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
3748 vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte)
3754 KASSERT(va < kmi.clean_sva || va >= kmi.clean_eva ||
3755 (m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0,
3756 ("pmap_enter_quick_locked: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
3757 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
3758 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3761 * In the case that a page table page is not
3762 * resident, we are creating it here.
3764 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
3769 * Calculate pagetable page index
3771 ptepindex = va >> PDRSHIFT;
3772 if (mpte && (mpte->pindex == ptepindex)) {
3776 * Get the page directory entry
3778 ptepa = pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
3781 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment
3782 * the hold count, and activate it.
3787 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepa & PG_FRAME);
3790 mpte = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, ptepindex,
3801 * This call to vtopte makes the assumption that we are
3802 * entering the page into the current pmap. In order to support
3803 * quick entry into any pmap, one would likely use pmap_pte_quick.
3804 * But that isn't as quick as vtopte.
3816 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
3818 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0 &&
3819 !pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap, va, m)) {
3822 if (pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, mpte, &free)) {
3823 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3824 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3833 * Increment counters
3835 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
3837 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0);
3839 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3844 * Now validate mapping with RO protection
3846 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
3847 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_V | PG_U);
3849 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_V | PG_U | PG_MANAGED);
3854 * Make a temporary mapping for a physical address. This is only intended
3855 * to be used for panic dumps.
3858 pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i)
3862 va = (vm_offset_t)crashdumpmap + (i * PAGE_SIZE);
3863 pmap_kenter(va, pa);
3865 return ((void *)crashdumpmap);
3869 * This code maps large physical mmap regions into the
3870 * processor address space. Note that some shortcuts
3871 * are taken, but the code works.
3874 pmap_object_init_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_object_t object,
3875 vm_pindex_t pindex, vm_size_t size)
3878 vm_paddr_t pa, ptepa;
3882 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
3883 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_DEVICE || object->type == OBJT_SG,
3884 ("pmap_object_init_pt: non-device object"));
3886 (addr & (NBPDR - 1)) == 0 && (size & (NBPDR - 1)) == 0) {
3887 if (!vm_object_populate(object, pindex, pindex + atop(size)))
3889 p = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex);
3890 KASSERT(p->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
3891 ("pmap_object_init_pt: invalid page %p", p));
3892 pat_mode = p->md.pat_mode;
3895 * Abort the mapping if the first page is not physically
3896 * aligned to a 2/4MB page boundary.
3898 ptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(p);
3899 if (ptepa & (NBPDR - 1))
3903 * Skip the first page. Abort the mapping if the rest of
3904 * the pages are not physically contiguous or have differing
3905 * memory attributes.
3907 p = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
3908 for (pa = ptepa + PAGE_SIZE; pa < ptepa + size;
3910 KASSERT(p->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
3911 ("pmap_object_init_pt: invalid page %p", p));
3912 if (pa != VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(p) ||
3913 pat_mode != p->md.pat_mode)
3915 p = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
3919 * Map using 2/4MB pages. Since "ptepa" is 2/4M aligned and
3920 * "size" is a multiple of 2/4M, adding the PAT setting to
3921 * "pa" will not affect the termination of this loop.
3924 for (pa = ptepa | pmap_cache_bits(pat_mode, 1); pa < ptepa +
3925 size; pa += NBPDR) {
3926 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
3928 pde_store(pde, pa | PG_PS | PG_M | PG_A |
3929 PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V);
3930 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += NBPDR /
3932 pmap_pde_mappings++;
3934 /* Else continue on if the PDE is already valid. */
3942 * Routine: pmap_change_wiring
3943 * Function: Change the wiring attribute for a map/virtual-address
3945 * In/out conditions:
3946 * The mapping must already exist in the pmap.
3949 pmap_change_wiring(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, boolean_t wired)
3953 boolean_t are_queues_locked;
3955 are_queues_locked = FALSE;
3958 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3959 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0) {
3960 if (!wired != ((*pde & PG_W) == 0)) {
3961 if (!are_queues_locked) {
3962 are_queues_locked = TRUE;
3963 if (!rw_try_wlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
3965 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3969 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va))
3970 panic("pmap_change_wiring: demotion failed");
3974 pte = pmap_pte(pmap, va);
3976 if (wired && !pmap_pte_w(pte))
3977 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3978 else if (!wired && pmap_pte_w(pte))
3979 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3982 * Wiring is not a hardware characteristic so there is no need to
3985 pmap_pte_set_w(pte, wired);
3986 pmap_pte_release(pte);
3988 if (are_queues_locked)
3989 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3996 * Copy the range specified by src_addr/len
3997 * from the source map to the range dst_addr/len
3998 * in the destination map.
4000 * This routine is only advisory and need not do anything.
4004 pmap_copy(pmap_t dst_pmap, pmap_t src_pmap, vm_offset_t dst_addr, vm_size_t len,
4005 vm_offset_t src_addr)
4009 vm_offset_t end_addr = src_addr + len;
4012 if (dst_addr != src_addr)
4015 if (!pmap_is_current(src_pmap))
4018 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4019 if (dst_pmap < src_pmap) {
4020 PMAP_LOCK(dst_pmap);
4021 PMAP_LOCK(src_pmap);
4023 PMAP_LOCK(src_pmap);
4024 PMAP_LOCK(dst_pmap);
4027 for (addr = src_addr; addr < end_addr; addr = pdnxt) {
4028 pt_entry_t *src_pte, *dst_pte;
4029 vm_page_t dstmpte, srcmpte;
4030 pd_entry_t srcptepaddr;
4033 KASSERT(addr < UPT_MIN_ADDRESS,
4034 ("pmap_copy: invalid to pmap_copy page tables"));
4036 pdnxt = (addr + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
4039 ptepindex = addr >> PDRSHIFT;
4041 srcptepaddr = src_pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
4042 if (srcptepaddr == 0)
4045 if (srcptepaddr & PG_PS) {
4046 if (dst_pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex] == 0 &&
4047 ((srcptepaddr & PG_MANAGED) == 0 ||
4048 pmap_pv_insert_pde(dst_pmap, addr, srcptepaddr &
4050 dst_pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex] = srcptepaddr &
4052 dst_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count +=
4058 srcmpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(srcptepaddr & PG_FRAME);
4059 KASSERT(srcmpte->wire_count > 0,
4060 ("pmap_copy: source page table page is unused"));
4062 if (pdnxt > end_addr)
4065 src_pte = vtopte(addr);
4066 while (addr < pdnxt) {
4070 * we only virtual copy managed pages
4072 if ((ptetemp & PG_MANAGED) != 0) {
4073 dstmpte = pmap_allocpte(dst_pmap, addr,
4075 if (dstmpte == NULL)
4077 dst_pte = pmap_pte_quick(dst_pmap, addr);
4078 if (*dst_pte == 0 &&
4079 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(dst_pmap, addr,
4080 PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptetemp & PG_FRAME))) {
4082 * Clear the wired, modified, and
4083 * accessed (referenced) bits
4086 *dst_pte = ptetemp & ~(PG_W | PG_M |
4088 dst_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
4091 if (pmap_unwire_pte_hold(dst_pmap,
4093 pmap_invalidate_page(dst_pmap,
4095 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
4099 if (dstmpte->wire_count >= srcmpte->wire_count)
4108 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4109 PMAP_UNLOCK(src_pmap);
4110 PMAP_UNLOCK(dst_pmap);
4113 static __inline void
4114 pagezero(void *page)
4116 #if defined(I686_CPU)
4117 if (cpu_class == CPUCLASS_686) {
4118 #if defined(CPU_ENABLE_SSE)
4119 if (cpu_feature & CPUID_SSE2)
4120 sse2_pagezero(page);
4123 i686_pagezero(page);
4126 bzero(page, PAGE_SIZE);
4130 * pmap_zero_page zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
4131 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents.
4134 pmap_zero_page(vm_page_t m)
4136 struct sysmaps *sysmaps;
4138 sysmaps = &sysmaps_pcpu[PCPU_GET(cpuid)];
4139 mtx_lock(&sysmaps->lock);
4140 if (*sysmaps->CMAP2)
4141 panic("pmap_zero_page: CMAP2 busy");
4143 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_A | PG_M |
4144 pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0);
4145 invlcaddr(sysmaps->CADDR2);
4146 pagezero(sysmaps->CADDR2);
4147 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = 0;
4149 mtx_unlock(&sysmaps->lock);
4153 * pmap_zero_page_area zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
4154 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents.
4156 * off and size may not cover an area beyond a single hardware page.
4159 pmap_zero_page_area(vm_page_t m, int off, int size)
4161 struct sysmaps *sysmaps;
4163 sysmaps = &sysmaps_pcpu[PCPU_GET(cpuid)];
4164 mtx_lock(&sysmaps->lock);
4165 if (*sysmaps->CMAP2)
4166 panic("pmap_zero_page_area: CMAP2 busy");
4168 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_A | PG_M |
4169 pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0);
4170 invlcaddr(sysmaps->CADDR2);
4171 if (off == 0 && size == PAGE_SIZE)
4172 pagezero(sysmaps->CADDR2);
4174 bzero((char *)sysmaps->CADDR2 + off, size);
4175 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = 0;
4177 mtx_unlock(&sysmaps->lock);
4181 * pmap_zero_page_idle zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
4182 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents. This
4183 * is intended to be called from the vm_pagezero process only and
4187 pmap_zero_page_idle(vm_page_t m)
4191 panic("pmap_zero_page_idle: CMAP3 busy");
4193 *CMAP3 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_A | PG_M |
4194 pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0);
4202 * pmap_copy_page copies the specified (machine independent)
4203 * page by mapping the page into virtual memory and using
4204 * bcopy to copy the page, one machine dependent page at a
4208 pmap_copy_page(vm_page_t src, vm_page_t dst)
4210 struct sysmaps *sysmaps;
4212 sysmaps = &sysmaps_pcpu[PCPU_GET(cpuid)];
4213 mtx_lock(&sysmaps->lock);
4214 if (*sysmaps->CMAP1)
4215 panic("pmap_copy_page: CMAP1 busy");
4216 if (*sysmaps->CMAP2)
4217 panic("pmap_copy_page: CMAP2 busy");
4219 invlpg((u_int)sysmaps->CADDR1);
4220 invlpg((u_int)sysmaps->CADDR2);
4221 *sysmaps->CMAP1 = PG_V | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(src) | PG_A |
4222 pmap_cache_bits(src->md.pat_mode, 0);
4223 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(dst) | PG_A | PG_M |
4224 pmap_cache_bits(dst->md.pat_mode, 0);
4225 bcopy(sysmaps->CADDR1, sysmaps->CADDR2, PAGE_SIZE);
4226 *sysmaps->CMAP1 = 0;
4227 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = 0;
4229 mtx_unlock(&sysmaps->lock);
4233 * Returns true if the pmap's pv is one of the first
4234 * 16 pvs linked to from this page. This count may
4235 * be changed upwards or downwards in the future; it
4236 * is only necessary that true be returned for a small
4237 * subset of pmaps for proper page aging.
4240 pmap_page_exists_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m)
4242 struct md_page *pvh;
4247 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4248 ("pmap_page_exists_quick: page %p is not managed", m));
4250 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4251 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
4252 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
4260 if (!rv && loops < 16 && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
4261 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4262 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
4263 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
4272 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4277 * pmap_page_wired_mappings:
4279 * Return the number of managed mappings to the given physical page
4283 pmap_page_wired_mappings(vm_page_t m)
4288 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
4290 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4291 count = pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(&m->md, count);
4292 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
4293 count = pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m)),
4296 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4301 * pmap_pvh_wired_mappings:
4303 * Return the updated number "count" of managed mappings that are wired.
4306 pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(struct md_page *pvh, int count)
4312 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
4314 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
4317 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4318 if ((*pte & PG_W) != 0)
4327 * Returns TRUE if the given page is mapped individually or as part of
4328 * a 4mpage. Otherwise, returns FALSE.
4331 pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m)
4335 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
4337 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4338 rv = !TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) ||
4339 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
4340 !TAILQ_EMPTY(&pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))->pv_list));
4341 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4346 * Remove all pages from specified address space
4347 * this aids process exit speeds. Also, this code
4348 * is special cased for current process only, but
4349 * can have the more generic (and slightly slower)
4350 * mode enabled. This is much faster than pmap_remove
4351 * in the case of running down an entire address space.
4354 pmap_remove_pages(pmap_t pmap)
4356 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
4357 vm_page_t free = NULL;
4358 vm_page_t m, mpte, mt;
4360 struct md_page *pvh;
4361 struct pv_chunk *pc, *npc;
4364 uint32_t inuse, bitmask;
4367 if (pmap != PCPU_GET(curpmap)) {
4368 printf("warning: pmap_remove_pages called with non-current pmap\n");
4371 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4374 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pc, &pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc_list, npc) {
4376 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
4377 inuse = ~pc->pc_map[field] & pc_freemask[field];
4378 while (inuse != 0) {
4380 bitmask = 1UL << bit;
4381 idx = field * 32 + bit;
4382 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[idx];
4385 pte = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4387 if ((tpte & PG_PS) == 0) {
4388 pte = vtopte(pv->pv_va);
4389 tpte = *pte & ~PG_PTE_PAT;
4394 "TPTE at %p IS ZERO @ VA %08x\n",
4400 * We cannot remove wired pages from a process' mapping at this time
4407 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(tpte & PG_FRAME);
4408 KASSERT(m->phys_addr == (tpte & PG_FRAME),
4409 ("vm_page_t %p phys_addr mismatch %016jx %016jx",
4410 m, (uintmax_t)m->phys_addr,
4413 KASSERT((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
4414 m < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
4415 ("pmap_remove_pages: bad tpte %#jx",
4421 * Update the vm_page_t clean/reference bits.
4423 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
4424 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0) {
4425 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
4432 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees++);
4433 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare++);
4435 pc->pc_map[field] |= bitmask;
4436 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0) {
4437 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
4438 pvh = pa_to_pvh(tpte & PG_PS_FRAME);
4439 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
4440 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list)) {
4441 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
4442 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&mt->md.pv_list))
4443 vm_page_aflag_clear(mt, PGA_WRITEABLE);
4445 mpte = pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4447 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
4448 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
4449 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG,
4450 ("pmap_remove_pages: pte page wire count error"));
4451 mpte->wire_count = 0;
4452 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, &free, FALSE);
4453 atomic_subtract_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
4456 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
4457 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
4458 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
4459 (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
4460 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4461 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
4462 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
4464 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, &free);
4469 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
4474 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
4475 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4477 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
4483 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was modified
4484 * in any physical maps.
4487 pmap_is_modified(vm_page_t m)
4491 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4492 ("pmap_is_modified: page %p is not managed", m));
4495 * If the page is not VPO_BUSY, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be
4496 * concurrently set while the object is locked. Thus, if PGA_WRITEABLE
4497 * is clear, no PTEs can have PG_M set.
4499 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(m->object, MA_OWNED);
4500 if ((m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) == 0 &&
4501 (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
4503 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4504 rv = pmap_is_modified_pvh(&m->md) ||
4505 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
4506 pmap_is_modified_pvh(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))));
4507 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4512 * Returns TRUE if any of the given mappings were used to modify
4513 * physical memory. Otherwise, returns FALSE. Both page and 2mpage
4514 * mappings are supported.
4517 pmap_is_modified_pvh(struct md_page *pvh)
4524 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
4527 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
4530 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4531 rv = (*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW);
4541 * pmap_is_prefaultable:
4543 * Return whether or not the specified virtual address is elgible
4547 pmap_is_prefaultable(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr)
4555 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
4556 if (*pde != 0 && (*pde & PG_PS) == 0) {
4565 * pmap_is_referenced:
4567 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was referenced
4568 * in any physical maps.
4571 pmap_is_referenced(vm_page_t m)
4575 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4576 ("pmap_is_referenced: page %p is not managed", m));
4577 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4578 rv = pmap_is_referenced_pvh(&m->md) ||
4579 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
4580 pmap_is_referenced_pvh(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))));
4581 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4586 * Returns TRUE if any of the given mappings were referenced and FALSE
4587 * otherwise. Both page and 4mpage mappings are supported.
4590 pmap_is_referenced_pvh(struct md_page *pvh)
4597 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
4600 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
4603 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4604 rv = (*pte & (PG_A | PG_V)) == (PG_A | PG_V);
4614 * Clear the write and modified bits in each of the given page's mappings.
4617 pmap_remove_write(vm_page_t m)
4619 struct md_page *pvh;
4620 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
4623 pt_entry_t oldpte, *pte;
4626 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4627 ("pmap_remove_write: page %p is not managed", m));
4630 * If the page is not VPO_BUSY, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be set by
4631 * another thread while the object is locked. Thus, if PGA_WRITEABLE
4632 * is clear, no page table entries need updating.
4634 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(m->object, MA_OWNED);
4635 if ((m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) == 0 &&
4636 (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
4638 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4640 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
4641 goto small_mappings;
4642 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4643 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
4647 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
4648 if ((*pde & PG_RW) != 0)
4649 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
4653 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
4656 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4657 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_write: found"
4658 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4659 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4662 if ((oldpte & PG_RW) != 0) {
4664 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
4665 * in size, PG_RW and PG_M are among the least
4666 * significant 32 bits.
4668 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, oldpte,
4669 oldpte & ~(PG_RW | PG_M)))
4671 if ((oldpte & PG_M) != 0)
4673 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4677 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
4679 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4683 * pmap_ts_referenced:
4685 * Return a count of reference bits for a page, clearing those bits.
4686 * It is not necessary for every reference bit to be cleared, but it
4687 * is necessary that 0 only be returned when there are truly no
4688 * reference bits set.
4690 * XXX: The exact number of bits to check and clear is a matter that
4691 * should be tested and standardized at some point in the future for
4692 * optimal aging of shared pages.
4695 pmap_ts_referenced(vm_page_t m)
4697 struct md_page *pvh;
4698 pv_entry_t pv, pvf, pvn;
4700 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
4705 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4706 ("pmap_ts_referenced: page %p is not managed", m));
4707 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4708 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4710 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
4711 goto small_mappings;
4712 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, pvn) {
4716 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
4718 if ((oldpde & PG_A) != 0) {
4719 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
4720 if ((oldpde & PG_W) == 0) {
4722 * Remove the mapping to a single page
4723 * so that a subsequent access may
4724 * repromote. Since the underlying
4725 * page table page is fully populated,
4726 * this removal never frees a page
4729 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
4731 pmap_remove_page(pmap, va, NULL);
4743 if ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != NULL) {
4746 pvn = TAILQ_NEXT(pv, pv_list);
4747 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
4748 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
4751 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4752 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_ts_referenced:"
4753 " found a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4754 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4755 if ((*pte & PG_A) != 0) {
4756 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_A);
4757 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4763 } while ((pv = pvn) != NULL && pv != pvf);
4767 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4772 * Clear the modify bits on the specified physical page.
4775 pmap_clear_modify(vm_page_t m)
4777 struct md_page *pvh;
4778 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
4780 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
4781 pt_entry_t oldpte, *pte;
4784 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4785 ("pmap_clear_modify: page %p is not managed", m));
4786 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(m->object, MA_OWNED);
4787 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) == 0,
4788 ("pmap_clear_modify: page %p is busy", m));
4791 * If the page is not PGA_WRITEABLE, then no PTEs can have PG_M set.
4792 * If the object containing the page is locked and the page is not
4793 * VPO_BUSY, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be concurrently set.
4795 if ((m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
4797 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4799 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
4800 goto small_mappings;
4801 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4802 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
4806 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
4808 if ((oldpde & PG_RW) != 0) {
4809 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
4810 if ((oldpde & PG_W) == 0) {
4812 * Write protect the mapping to a
4813 * single page so that a subsequent
4814 * write access may repromote.
4816 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
4818 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va);
4820 if ((oldpte & PG_V) != 0) {
4822 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
4823 * in size, PG_RW and PG_M are among the least
4824 * significant 32 bits.
4826 while (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte,
4828 oldpte & ~(PG_M | PG_RW)))
4831 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
4839 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
4842 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4843 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_modify: found"
4844 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4845 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4846 if ((*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
4848 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
4849 * in size, PG_M is among the least significant
4852 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_M);
4853 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4858 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4862 * pmap_clear_reference:
4864 * Clear the reference bit on the specified physical page.
4867 pmap_clear_reference(vm_page_t m)
4869 struct md_page *pvh;
4870 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
4872 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
4876 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4877 ("pmap_clear_reference: page %p is not managed", m));
4878 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4880 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
4881 goto small_mappings;
4882 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4883 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
4887 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
4889 if ((oldpde & PG_A) != 0) {
4890 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
4892 * Remove the mapping to a single page so
4893 * that a subsequent access may repromote.
4894 * Since the underlying page table page is
4895 * fully populated, this removal never frees
4896 * a page table page.
4898 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
4900 pmap_remove_page(pmap, va, NULL);
4906 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
4909 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4910 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_reference: found"
4911 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4912 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4913 if ((*pte & PG_A) != 0) {
4915 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
4916 * in size, PG_A is among the least significant
4919 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_A);
4920 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4925 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4929 * Miscellaneous support routines follow
4932 /* Adjust the cache mode for a 4KB page mapped via a PTE. */
4933 static __inline void
4934 pmap_pte_attr(pt_entry_t *pte, int cache_bits)
4939 * The cache mode bits are all in the low 32-bits of the
4940 * PTE, so we can just spin on updating the low 32-bits.
4943 opte = *(u_int *)pte;
4944 npte = opte & ~PG_PTE_CACHE;
4946 } while (npte != opte && !atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, opte, npte));
4949 /* Adjust the cache mode for a 2/4MB page mapped via a PDE. */
4950 static __inline void
4951 pmap_pde_attr(pd_entry_t *pde, int cache_bits)
4956 * The cache mode bits are all in the low 32-bits of the
4957 * PDE, so we can just spin on updating the low 32-bits.
4960 opde = *(u_int *)pde;
4961 npde = opde & ~PG_PDE_CACHE;
4963 } while (npde != opde && !atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pde, opde, npde));
4967 * Map a set of physical memory pages into the kernel virtual
4968 * address space. Return a pointer to where it is mapped. This
4969 * routine is intended to be used for mapping device memory,
4973 pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size, int mode)
4975 vm_offset_t va, offset;
4978 offset = pa & PAGE_MASK;
4979 size = roundup(offset + size, PAGE_SIZE);
4982 if (pa < KERNLOAD && pa + size <= KERNLOAD)
4985 va = kmem_alloc_nofault(kernel_map, size);
4987 panic("pmap_mapdev: Couldn't alloc kernel virtual memory");
4989 for (tmpsize = 0; tmpsize < size; tmpsize += PAGE_SIZE)
4990 pmap_kenter_attr(va + tmpsize, pa + tmpsize, mode);
4991 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, va, va + tmpsize);
4992 pmap_invalidate_cache_range(va, va + size);
4993 return ((void *)(va + offset));
4997 pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
5000 return (pmap_mapdev_attr(pa, size, PAT_UNCACHEABLE));
5004 pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
5007 return (pmap_mapdev_attr(pa, size, PAT_WRITE_BACK));
5011 pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size)
5013 vm_offset_t base, offset, tmpva;
5015 if (va >= KERNBASE && va + size <= KERNBASE + KERNLOAD)
5017 base = trunc_page(va);
5018 offset = va & PAGE_MASK;
5019 size = roundup(offset + size, PAGE_SIZE);
5020 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < (base + size); tmpva += PAGE_SIZE)
5021 pmap_kremove(tmpva);
5022 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, va, tmpva);
5023 kmem_free(kernel_map, base, size);
5027 * Sets the memory attribute for the specified page.
5030 pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma)
5033 m->md.pat_mode = ma;
5034 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
5038 * If "m" is a normal page, flush it from the cache.
5039 * See pmap_invalidate_cache_range().
5041 * First, try to find an existing mapping of the page by sf
5042 * buffer. sf_buf_invalidate_cache() modifies mapping and
5043 * flushes the cache.
5045 if (sf_buf_invalidate_cache(m))
5049 * If page is not mapped by sf buffer, but CPU does not
5050 * support self snoop, map the page transient and do
5051 * invalidation. In the worst case, whole cache is flushed by
5052 * pmap_invalidate_cache_range().
5054 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_SS) == 0)
5059 pmap_flush_page(vm_page_t m)
5061 struct sysmaps *sysmaps;
5062 vm_offset_t sva, eva;
5064 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_CLFSH) != 0) {
5065 sysmaps = &sysmaps_pcpu[PCPU_GET(cpuid)];
5066 mtx_lock(&sysmaps->lock);
5067 if (*sysmaps->CMAP2)
5068 panic("pmap_flush_page: CMAP2 busy");
5070 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) |
5071 PG_A | PG_M | pmap_cache_bits(m->md.pat_mode, 0);
5072 invlcaddr(sysmaps->CADDR2);
5073 sva = (vm_offset_t)sysmaps->CADDR2;
5074 eva = sva + PAGE_SIZE;
5077 * Use mfence despite the ordering implied by
5078 * mtx_{un,}lock() because clflush is not guaranteed
5079 * to be ordered by any other instruction.
5082 for (; sva < eva; sva += cpu_clflush_line_size)
5085 *sysmaps->CMAP2 = 0;
5087 mtx_unlock(&sysmaps->lock);
5089 pmap_invalidate_cache();
5093 * Changes the specified virtual address range's memory type to that given by
5094 * the parameter "mode". The specified virtual address range must be
5095 * completely contained within either the kernel map.
5097 * Returns zero if the change completed successfully, and either EINVAL or
5098 * ENOMEM if the change failed. Specifically, EINVAL is returned if some part
5099 * of the virtual address range was not mapped, and ENOMEM is returned if
5100 * there was insufficient memory available to complete the change.
5103 pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size, int mode)
5105 vm_offset_t base, offset, tmpva;
5108 int cache_bits_pte, cache_bits_pde;
5111 base = trunc_page(va);
5112 offset = va & PAGE_MASK;
5113 size = roundup(offset + size, PAGE_SIZE);
5116 * Only supported on kernel virtual addresses above the recursive map.
5118 if (base < VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS)
5121 cache_bits_pde = pmap_cache_bits(mode, 1);
5122 cache_bits_pte = pmap_cache_bits(mode, 0);
5126 * Pages that aren't mapped aren't supported. Also break down
5127 * 2/4MB pages into 4KB pages if required.
5129 PMAP_LOCK(kernel_pmap);
5130 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < base + size; ) {
5131 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, tmpva);
5133 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5138 * If the current 2/4MB page already has
5139 * the required memory type, then we need not
5140 * demote this page. Just increment tmpva to
5141 * the next 2/4MB page frame.
5143 if ((*pde & PG_PDE_CACHE) == cache_bits_pde) {
5144 tmpva = trunc_4mpage(tmpva) + NBPDR;
5149 * If the current offset aligns with a 2/4MB
5150 * page frame and there is at least 2/4MB left
5151 * within the range, then we need not break
5152 * down this page into 4KB pages.
5154 if ((tmpva & PDRMASK) == 0 &&
5155 tmpva + PDRMASK < base + size) {
5159 if (!pmap_demote_pde(kernel_pmap, pde, tmpva)) {
5160 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5164 pte = vtopte(tmpva);
5166 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5171 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5174 * Ok, all the pages exist, so run through them updating their
5175 * cache mode if required.
5177 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < base + size; ) {
5178 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, tmpva);
5180 if ((*pde & PG_PDE_CACHE) != cache_bits_pde) {
5181 pmap_pde_attr(pde, cache_bits_pde);
5184 tmpva = trunc_4mpage(tmpva) + NBPDR;
5186 pte = vtopte(tmpva);
5187 if ((*pte & PG_PTE_CACHE) != cache_bits_pte) {
5188 pmap_pte_attr(pte, cache_bits_pte);
5196 * Flush CPU caches to make sure any data isn't cached that
5197 * shouldn't be, etc.
5200 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, base, tmpva);
5201 pmap_invalidate_cache_range(base, tmpva);
5207 * perform the pmap work for mincore
5210 pmap_mincore(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_paddr_t *locked_pa)
5213 pt_entry_t *ptep, pte;
5219 pdep = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
5221 if (*pdep & PG_PS) {
5223 /* Compute the physical address of the 4KB page. */
5224 pa = ((*pdep & PG_PS_FRAME) | (addr & PDRMASK)) &
5226 val = MINCORE_SUPER;
5228 ptep = pmap_pte(pmap, addr);
5230 pmap_pte_release(ptep);
5231 pa = pte & PG_FRAME;
5239 if ((pte & PG_V) != 0) {
5240 val |= MINCORE_INCORE;
5241 if ((pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
5242 val |= MINCORE_MODIFIED | MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER;
5243 if ((pte & PG_A) != 0)
5244 val |= MINCORE_REFERENCED | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER;
5246 if ((val & (MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER)) !=
5247 (MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER) &&
5248 (pte & (PG_MANAGED | PG_V)) == (PG_MANAGED | PG_V)) {
5249 /* Ensure that "PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa)->object" doesn't change. */
5250 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, pa, locked_pa))
5253 PA_UNLOCK_COND(*locked_pa);
5259 pmap_activate(struct thread *td)
5261 pmap_t pmap, oldpmap;
5266 pmap = vmspace_pmap(td->td_proc->p_vmspace);
5267 oldpmap = PCPU_GET(curpmap);
5268 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
5270 CPU_CLR_ATOMIC(cpuid, &oldpmap->pm_active);
5271 CPU_SET_ATOMIC(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active);
5273 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &oldpmap->pm_active);
5274 CPU_SET(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active);
5277 cr3 = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdpt);
5279 cr3 = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdir);
5282 * pmap_activate is for the current thread on the current cpu
5284 td->td_pcb->pcb_cr3 = cr3;
5286 PCPU_SET(curpmap, pmap);
5291 pmap_sync_icache(pmap_t pm, vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t sz)
5296 * Increase the starting virtual address of the given mapping if a
5297 * different alignment might result in more superpage mappings.
5300 pmap_align_superpage(vm_object_t object, vm_ooffset_t offset,
5301 vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t size)
5303 vm_offset_t superpage_offset;
5307 if (object != NULL && (object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) != 0)
5308 offset += ptoa(object->pg_color);
5309 superpage_offset = offset & PDRMASK;
5310 if (size - ((NBPDR - superpage_offset) & PDRMASK) < NBPDR ||
5311 (*addr & PDRMASK) == superpage_offset)
5313 if ((*addr & PDRMASK) < superpage_offset)
5314 *addr = (*addr & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
5316 *addr = ((*addr + PDRMASK) & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
5320 #if defined(PMAP_DEBUG)
5321 pmap_pid_dump(int pid)
5328 sx_slock(&allproc_lock);
5329 FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) {
5330 if (p->p_pid != pid)
5336 pmap = vmspace_pmap(p->p_vmspace);
5337 for (i = 0; i < NPDEPTD; i++) {
5340 vm_offset_t base = i << PDRSHIFT;
5342 pde = &pmap->pm_pdir[i];
5343 if (pde && pmap_pde_v(pde)) {
5344 for (j = 0; j < NPTEPG; j++) {
5345 vm_offset_t va = base + (j << PAGE_SHIFT);
5346 if (va >= (vm_offset_t) VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS) {
5351 sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock);
5354 pte = pmap_pte(pmap, va);
5355 if (pte && pmap_pte_v(pte)) {
5359 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa & PG_FRAME);
5360 printf("va: 0x%x, pt: 0x%x, h: %d, w: %d, f: 0x%x",
5361 va, pa, m->hold_count, m->wire_count, m->flags);
5376 sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock);
5383 static void pads(pmap_t pm);
5384 void pmap_pvdump(vm_paddr_t pa);
5386 /* print address space of pmap*/
5394 if (pm == kernel_pmap)
5396 for (i = 0; i < NPDEPTD; i++)
5398 for (j = 0; j < NPTEPG; j++) {
5399 va = (i << PDRSHIFT) + (j << PAGE_SHIFT);
5400 if (pm == kernel_pmap && va < KERNBASE)
5402 if (pm != kernel_pmap && va > UPT_MAX_ADDRESS)
5404 ptep = pmap_pte(pm, va);
5405 if (pmap_pte_v(ptep))
5406 printf("%x:%x ", va, *ptep);
5412 pmap_pvdump(vm_paddr_t pa)
5418 printf("pa %x", pa);
5419 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
5420 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
5422 printf(" -> pmap %p, va %x", (void *)pmap, pv->pv_va);