2 * Copyright 1997 Sean Eric Fagan
4 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13 * must display the following acknowledgement:
14 * This product includes software developed by Sean Eric Fagan
15 * 4. Neither the name of the author may be used to endorse or promote
16 * products derived from this software without specific prior written
19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
36 * The main module for truss. Surprisingly simple, but, then, the other
37 * files handle the bulk of the work. And, of course, the kernel has to
38 * do a lot of the work :).
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/types.h>
44 #include <sys/resource.h>
45 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
67 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
68 "usage: truss [-cfaedDS] [-o file] [-s strsize] -p pid",
69 " truss [-cfaedDS] [-o file] [-s strsize] command [args]");
74 * WARNING! "FreeBSD a.out" must be first, or set_etype will not
79 void (*enter_syscall)(struct trussinfo *, int);
80 long (*exit_syscall)(struct trussinfo *, int);
83 { "FreeBSD ELF64", amd64_syscall_entry, amd64_syscall_exit },
84 { "FreeBSD ELF32", amd64_fbsd32_syscall_entry, amd64_fbsd32_syscall_exit },
85 { "Linux ELF32", amd64_linux32_syscall_entry, amd64_linux32_syscall_exit },
88 { "FreeBSD a.out", i386_syscall_entry, i386_syscall_exit },
89 { "FreeBSD ELF", i386_syscall_entry, i386_syscall_exit },
90 { "FreeBSD ELF32", i386_syscall_entry, i386_syscall_exit },
91 { "Linux ELF", i386_linux_syscall_entry, i386_linux_syscall_exit },
94 { "FreeBSD ELF64", ia64_syscall_entry, ia64_syscall_exit },
97 { "FreeBSD ELF", powerpc_syscall_entry, powerpc_syscall_exit },
98 { "FreeBSD ELF32", powerpc_syscall_entry, powerpc_syscall_exit },
100 { "FreeBSD ELF64", powerpc64_syscall_entry, powerpc64_syscall_exit },
104 { "FreeBSD ELF64", sparc64_syscall_entry, sparc64_syscall_exit },
107 { "FreeBSD ELF", mips_syscall_entry, mips_syscall_exit },
108 { "FreeBSD ELF32", mips_syscall_entry, mips_syscall_exit },
109 { "FreeBSD ELF64", mips_syscall_entry, mips_syscall_exit }, // XXX
115 * Set the execution type. This is called after every exec, and when
116 * a process is first monitored.
119 static struct ex_types *
120 set_etype(struct trussinfo *trussinfo)
122 struct ex_types *funcs;
131 mib[2] = KERN_PROC_SV_NAME;
132 mib[3] = trussinfo->pid;
133 error = sysctl(mib, 4, progt, &len, NULL, 0);
135 err(2, "can not get etype");
137 for (funcs = ex_types; funcs->type; funcs++)
138 if (strcmp(funcs->type, progt) == 0)
141 if (funcs->type == NULL) {
142 funcs = &ex_types[0];
143 warn("execution type %s is not supported -- using %s",
155 if (sig > 0 && sig < NSIG) {
156 asprintf(&ret, "SIG%s", sys_signame[sig]);
164 main(int ac, char **av)
166 struct timespec timediff;
168 struct ex_types *funcs;
169 struct trussinfo *trussinfo;
174 int c, initial_open, status;
179 /* Initialize the trussinfo struct */
180 trussinfo = (struct trussinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct trussinfo));
181 if (trussinfo == NULL)
182 errx(1, "calloc() failed");
184 trussinfo->outfile = stderr;
185 trussinfo->strsize = 32;
186 trussinfo->pr_why = S_NONE;
187 trussinfo->curthread = NULL;
188 SLIST_INIT(&trussinfo->threadlist);
189 while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "p:o:facedDs:S")) != -1) {
191 case 'p': /* specified pid */
192 trussinfo->pid = atoi(optarg);
193 /* make sure i don't trace me */
194 if (trussinfo->pid == getpid()) {
195 fprintf(stderr, "attempt to grab self.\n");
199 case 'f': /* Follow fork()'s */
200 trussinfo->flags |= FOLLOWFORKS;
202 case 'a': /* Print execve() argument strings. */
203 trussinfo->flags |= EXECVEARGS;
205 case 'c': /* Count number of system calls and time. */
206 trussinfo->flags |= COUNTONLY;
208 case 'e': /* Print execve() environment strings. */
209 trussinfo->flags |= EXECVEENVS;
211 case 'd': /* Absolute timestamps */
212 trussinfo->flags |= ABSOLUTETIMESTAMPS;
214 case 'D': /* Relative timestamps */
215 trussinfo->flags |= RELATIVETIMESTAMPS;
217 case 'o': /* Specified output file */
220 case 's': /* Specified string size */
221 trussinfo->strsize = atoi(optarg);
223 case 'S': /* Don't trace signals */
224 trussinfo->flags |= NOSIGS;
231 ac -= optind; av += optind;
232 if ((trussinfo->pid == 0 && ac == 0) ||
233 (trussinfo->pid != 0 && ac != 0))
236 if (fname != NULL) { /* Use output file */
237 if ((trussinfo->outfile = fopen(fname, "w")) == NULL)
238 err(1, "cannot open %s", fname);
240 * Set FD_CLOEXEC, so that the output file is not shared with
241 * the traced process.
243 if (fcntl(fileno(trussinfo->outfile), F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) ==
249 * If truss starts the process itself, it will ignore some signals --
250 * they should be passed off to the process, which may or may not
251 * exit. If, however, we are examining an already-running process,
252 * then we restore the event mask on these same signals.
255 if (trussinfo->pid == 0) { /* Start a command ourselves */
257 trussinfo->pid = setup_and_wait(command);
258 signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
259 signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
260 signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
262 sa.sa_handler = restore_proc;
264 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
265 sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
266 sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sa, NULL);
267 sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
268 start_tracing(trussinfo->pid);
273 * At this point, if we started the process, it is stopped waiting to
274 * be woken up, either in exit() or in execve().
278 funcs = set_etype(trussinfo);
282 * At this point, it's a simple loop, waiting for the process to
283 * stop, finding out why, printing out why, and then continuing it.
284 * All of the grunt work is done in the support routines.
287 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &trussinfo->start_time);
290 waitevent(trussinfo);
292 switch (trussinfo->pr_why) {
294 funcs->enter_syscall(trussinfo, MAXARGS);
295 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,
296 &trussinfo->curthread->before);
299 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,
300 &trussinfo->curthread->after);
302 if (trussinfo->curthread->in_fork &&
303 (trussinfo->flags & FOLLOWFORKS)) {
304 trussinfo->curthread->in_fork = 0;
305 childpid = funcs->exit_syscall(trussinfo,
309 * Fork a new copy of ourself to trace
310 * the child of the original traced
314 trussinfo->pid = childpid;
315 start_tracing(trussinfo->pid);
320 funcs->exit_syscall(trussinfo, MAXARGS);
323 if (trussinfo->flags & NOSIGS)
325 if (trussinfo->flags & FOLLOWFORKS)
326 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "%5d: ",
328 if (trussinfo->flags & ABSOLUTETIMESTAMPS) {
329 timespecsubt(&trussinfo->curthread->after,
330 &trussinfo->start_time, &timediff);
331 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "%ld.%09ld ",
332 (long)timediff.tv_sec,
335 if (trussinfo->flags & RELATIVETIMESTAMPS) {
336 timespecsubt(&trussinfo->curthread->after,
337 &trussinfo->curthread->before, &timediff);
338 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "%ld.%09ld ",
339 (long)timediff.tv_sec,
342 signame = strsig(trussinfo->pr_data);
343 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile,
344 "SIGNAL %u (%s)\n", trussinfo->pr_data,
345 signame == NULL ? "?" : signame);
349 if (trussinfo->flags & COUNTONLY)
351 if (trussinfo->flags & FOLLOWFORKS)
352 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "%5d: ",
354 if (trussinfo->flags & ABSOLUTETIMESTAMPS) {
355 timespecsubt(&trussinfo->curthread->after,
356 &trussinfo->start_time, &timediff);
357 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "%ld.%09ld ",
358 (long)timediff.tv_sec,
361 if (trussinfo->flags & RELATIVETIMESTAMPS) {
362 timespecsubt(&trussinfo->curthread->after,
363 &trussinfo->curthread->before, &timediff);
364 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile, "%ld.%09ld ",
365 (long)timediff.tv_sec, timediff.tv_nsec);
367 fprintf(trussinfo->outfile,
368 "process exit, rval = %u\n", trussinfo->pr_data);
373 } while (trussinfo->pr_why != S_EXIT &&
374 trussinfo->pr_why != S_DETACHED);
376 if (trussinfo->flags & FOLLOWFORKS) {
378 childpid = wait(&status);
379 } while (childpid != -1);
382 if (trussinfo->flags & COUNTONLY)
383 print_summary(trussinfo);
385 fflush(trussinfo->outfile);