usr.sbin/makefs/ffs.c

   1 /*      $NetBSD: ffs.c,v 1.44 2009/04/28 22:49:26 joerg Exp $   */
   2
   3 /*
   4  * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
   5  * All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * Written by Luke Mewburn for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
   8  *
   9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  11  * are met:
  12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  19  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
  20  *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
  21  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
  22  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
  23  *    written permission.
  24  *
  25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
  26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
  27  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
  28  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
  29  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
  30  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
  31  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  32  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
  33  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
  34  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
  35  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  36  */
  37 /*
  38  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
  39  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  40  *
  41  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  42  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  43  * are met:
  44  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  46  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  47  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  48  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  49  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  50  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  51  *    without specific prior written permission.
  52  *
  53  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  54  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  55  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  56  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  57  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  58  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  59  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  60  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  61  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  62  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  63  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  64  *
  65  *      @(#)ffs_alloc.c 8.19 (Berkeley) 7/13/95
  66  */
  67
  68 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  69 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  70
  71 #include <sys/param.h>
  72
  73 #include <sys/mount.h>
  74
  75 #include <assert.h>
  76 #include <errno.h>
  77 #include <fcntl.h>
  78 #include <stdarg.h>
  79 #include <stdint.h>
  80 #include <stdio.h>
  81 #include <stdlib.h>
  82 #include <string.h>
  83 #include <unistd.h>
  84
  85 #include "makefs.h"
  86 #include "ffs.h"
  87
  88 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS
  89 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
  90 #endif
  91
  92 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
  93 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
  94 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
  95
  96
  97 #include "ffs/ufs_bswap.h"
  98 #include "ffs/ufs_inode.h"
  99 #include "ffs/newfs_extern.h"
 100 #include "ffs/ffs_extern.h"
 101
 102 #undef DIP
 103 #define DIP(dp, field) \
 104         ((ffs_opts->version == 1) ? \
 105         (dp)->ffs1_din.di_##field : (dp)->ffs2_din.di_##field)
 106
 107 /*
 108  * Various file system defaults (cribbed from newfs(8)).
 109  */
 110 #define DFL_FRAGSIZE            1024            /* fragment size */
 111 #define DFL_BLKSIZE             8192            /* block size */
 112 #define DFL_SECSIZE             512             /* sector size */
 113 #define DFL_CYLSPERGROUP        65536           /* cylinders per group */
 114 #define DFL_FRAGSPERINODE       4               /* fragments per inode */
 115 #define DFL_ROTDELAY            0               /* rotational delay */
 116 #define DFL_NRPOS               1               /* rotational positions */
 117 #define DFL_RPM                 3600            /* rpm of disk */
 118 #define DFL_NSECTORS            64              /* # of sectors */
 119 #define DFL_NTRACKS             16              /* # of tracks */
 120
 121
 122 typedef struct {
 123         u_char          *buf;           /* buf for directory */
 124         doff_t          size;           /* full size of buf */
 125         doff_t          cur;            /* offset of current entry */
 126 } dirbuf_t;
 127
 128
 129 static  int     ffs_create_image(const char *, fsinfo_t *);
 130 static  void    ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsinfo_t *);
 131 static  void    ffs_dump_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *, const char *, int);
 132 static  void    ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *, const char *, fsnode *, int);
 133 static  int     ffs_populate_dir(const char *, fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
 134 static  void    ffs_size_dir(fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
 135 static  void    ffs_validate(const char *, fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
 136 static  void    ffs_write_file(union dinode *, uint32_t, void *, fsinfo_t *);
 137 static  void    ffs_write_inode(union dinode *, uint32_t, const fsinfo_t *);
 138 static  void    *ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode *, dirbuf_t *, fsnode *,
 139                                  fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
 140 static  void    *ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode *, dirbuf_t *, fsnode *,
 141                                  fsnode *, fsinfo_t *);
 142
 143
 144
 145 int     sectorsize;             /* XXX: for buf.c::getblk() */
 146
 147         /* publically visible functions */
 148
 149 void
 150 ffs_prep_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 151 {
 152         ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts;
 153
 154         if ((ffs_opts = calloc(1, sizeof(ffs_opt_t))) == NULL)
 155                 err(1, "Allocating memory for ffs_options");
 156
 157         fsopts->fs_specific = ffs_opts;
 158
 159         ffs_opts->bsize= -1;
 160         ffs_opts->fsize= -1;
 161         ffs_opts->cpg= -1;
 162         ffs_opts->density= -1;
 163         ffs_opts->minfree= -1;
 164         ffs_opts->optimization= -1;
 165         ffs_opts->maxcontig= -1;
 166         ffs_opts->maxbpg= -1;
 167         ffs_opts->avgfilesize= -1;
 168         ffs_opts->avgfpdir= -1;
 169         ffs_opts->version = 1;
 170 }
 171
 172 void
 173 ffs_cleanup_opts(fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 174 {
 175         if (fsopts->fs_specific)
 176                 free(fsopts->fs_specific);
 177 }
 178
 179 int
 180 ffs_parse_opts(const char *option, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 181 {
 182         ffs_opt_t       *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
 183
 184         option_t ffs_options[] = {
 185                 { "bsize",      &ffs_opts->bsize,       1,      INT_MAX,
 186                                         "block size" },
 187                 { "fsize",      &ffs_opts->fsize,       1,      INT_MAX,
 188                                         "fragment size" },
 189                 { "density",    &ffs_opts->density,     1,      INT_MAX,
 190                                         "bytes per inode" },
 191                 { "minfree",    &ffs_opts->minfree,     0,      99,
 192                                         "minfree" },
 193                 { "maxbpf",     &ffs_opts->maxbpg,      1,      INT_MAX,
 194                                         "max blocks per file in a cg" },
 195                 { "avgfilesize", &ffs_opts->avgfilesize,1,      INT_MAX,
 196                                         "expected average file size" },
 197                 { "avgfpdir",   &ffs_opts->avgfpdir,    1,      INT_MAX,
 198                                         "expected # of files per directory" },
 199                 { "extent",     &ffs_opts->maxbsize,    1,      INT_MAX,
 200                                         "maximum # extent size" },
 201                 { "maxbpcg",    &ffs_opts->maxblkspercg,1,      INT_MAX,
 202                                         "max # of blocks per group" },
 203                 { "version",    &ffs_opts->version,     1,      2,
 204                                         "UFS version" },
 205                 { .name = NULL }
 206         };
 207
 208         char    *var, *val;
 209         int     rv;
 210
 211         assert(option != NULL);
 212         assert(fsopts != NULL);
 213         assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
 214
 215         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_PARSE_OPTS)
 216                 printf("ffs_parse_opts: got `%s'\n", option);
 217
 218         if ((var = strdup(option)) == NULL)
 219                 err(1, "Allocating memory for copy of option string");
 220         rv = 0;
 221
 222         if ((val = strchr(var, '=')) == NULL) {
 223                 warnx("Option `%s' doesn't contain a value", var);
 224                 goto leave_ffs_parse_opts;
 225         }
 226         *val++ = '\0';
 227
 228         if (strcmp(var, "optimization") == 0) {
 229                 if (strcmp(val, "time") == 0) {
 230                         ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTTIME;
 231                 } else if (strcmp(val, "space") == 0) {
 232                         ffs_opts->optimization = FS_OPTSPACE;
 233                 } else {
 234                         warnx("Invalid optimization `%s'", val);
 235                         goto leave_ffs_parse_opts;
 236                 }
 237                 rv = 1;
 238         } else
 239                 rv = set_option(ffs_options, var, val);
 240
 241  leave_ffs_parse_opts:
 242         if (var)
 243                 free(var);
 244         return (rv);
 245 }
 246
 247
 248 void
 249 ffs_makefs(const char *image, const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 250 {
 251         struct fs       *superblock;
 252         struct timeval  start;
 253
 254         assert(image != NULL);
 255         assert(dir != NULL);
 256         assert(root != NULL);
 257         assert(fsopts != NULL);
 258
 259         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKEFS)
 260                 printf("ffs_makefs: image %s directory %s root %p\n",
 261                     image, dir, root);
 262
 263                 /* validate tree and options */
 264         TIMER_START(start);
 265         ffs_validate(dir, root, fsopts);
 266         TIMER_RESULTS(start, "ffs_validate");
 267
 268         printf("Calculated size of `%s': %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n",
 269             image, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes);
 270
 271                 /* create image */
 272         TIMER_START(start);
 273         if (ffs_create_image(image, fsopts) == -1)
 274                 errx(1, "Image file `%s' not created.", image);
 275         TIMER_RESULTS(start, "ffs_create_image");
 276
 277         fsopts->curinode = ROOTINO;
 278
 279         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKEFS)
 280                 putchar('\n');
 281
 282                 /* populate image */
 283         printf("Populating `%s'\n", image);
 284         TIMER_START(start);
 285         if (! ffs_populate_dir(dir, root, fsopts))
 286                 errx(1, "Image file `%s' not populated.", image);
 287         TIMER_RESULTS(start, "ffs_populate_dir");
 288
 289                 /* ensure no outstanding buffers remain */
 290         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKEFS)
 291                 bcleanup();
 292
 293                 /* update various superblock parameters */
 294         superblock = fsopts->superblock;
 295         superblock->fs_fmod = 0;
 296         superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir   = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
 297         superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
 298         superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree;
 299         superblock->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = superblock->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
 300
 301                 /* write out superblock; image is now complete */
 302         ffs_write_superblock(fsopts->superblock, fsopts);
 303         if (close(fsopts->fd) == -1)
 304                 err(1, "Closing `%s'", image);
 305         fsopts->fd = -1;
 306         printf("Image `%s' complete\n", image);
 307 }
 308
 309         /* end of public functions */
 310
 311
 312 static void
 313 ffs_validate(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 314 {
 315         int32_t ncg = 1;
 316 #if notyet
 317         int32_t spc, nspf, ncyl, fssize;
 318 #endif
 319         ffs_opt_t       *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
 320
 321         assert(dir != NULL);
 322         assert(root != NULL);
 323         assert(fsopts != NULL);
 324         assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
 325
 326         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_VALIDATE) {
 327                 printf("ffs_validate: before defaults set:\n");
 328                 ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsopts);
 329         }
 330
 331                 /* set FFS defaults */
 332         if (fsopts->sectorsize == -1)
 333                 fsopts->sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE;
 334         if (ffs_opts->fsize == -1)
 335                 ffs_opts->fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, fsopts->sectorsize);
 336         if (ffs_opts->bsize == -1)
 337                 ffs_opts->bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * ffs_opts->fsize);
 338         if (ffs_opts->cpg == -1)
 339                 ffs_opts->cpg = DFL_CYLSPERGROUP;
 340         else
 341                 ffs_opts->cpgflg = 1;
 342                                 /* fsopts->density is set below */
 343         if (ffs_opts->nsectors == -1)
 344                 ffs_opts->nsectors = DFL_NSECTORS;
 345         if (ffs_opts->minfree == -1)
 346                 ffs_opts->minfree = MINFREE;
 347         if (ffs_opts->optimization == -1)
 348                 ffs_opts->optimization = DEFAULTOPT;
 349         if (ffs_opts->maxcontig == -1)
 350                 ffs_opts->maxcontig =
 351                     MAX(1, MIN(MAXPHYS, FFS_MAXBSIZE) / ffs_opts->bsize);
 352         /* XXX ondisk32 */
 353         if (ffs_opts->maxbpg == -1)
 354                 ffs_opts->maxbpg = ffs_opts->bsize / sizeof(int32_t);
 355         if (ffs_opts->avgfilesize == -1)
 356                 ffs_opts->avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;
 357         if (ffs_opts->avgfpdir == -1)
 358                 ffs_opts->avgfpdir = AFPDIR;
 359
 360                 /* calculate size of tree */
 361         ffs_size_dir(root, fsopts);
 362         fsopts->inodes += ROOTINO;              /* include first two inodes */
 363
 364         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_VALIDATE)
 365                 printf("ffs_validate: size of tree: %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n",
 366                     (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes);
 367
 368                 /* add requested slop */
 369         fsopts->size += fsopts->freeblocks;
 370         fsopts->inodes += fsopts->freefiles;
 371         if (fsopts->freefilepc > 0)
 372                 fsopts->inodes =
 373                     fsopts->inodes * (100 + fsopts->freefilepc) / 100;
 374         if (fsopts->freeblockpc > 0)
 375                 fsopts->size =
 376                     fsopts->size * (100 + fsopts->freeblockpc) / 100;
 377
 378                 /* add space needed for superblocks */
 379         /*
 380          * The old SBOFF (SBLOCK_UFS1) is used here because makefs is
 381          * typically used for small filesystems where space matters.
 382          * XXX make this an option.
 383          */
 384         fsopts->size += (SBLOCK_UFS1 + SBLOCKSIZE) * ncg;
 385                 /* add space needed to store inodes, x3 for blockmaps, etc */
 386         if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
 387                 fsopts->size += ncg * DINODE1_SIZE *
 388                     roundup(fsopts->inodes / ncg,
 389                         ffs_opts->bsize / DINODE1_SIZE);
 390         else
 391                 fsopts->size += ncg * DINODE2_SIZE *
 392                     roundup(fsopts->inodes / ncg,
 393                         ffs_opts->bsize / DINODE2_SIZE);
 394
 395                 /* add minfree */
 396         if (ffs_opts->minfree > 0)
 397                 fsopts->size =
 398                     fsopts->size * (100 + ffs_opts->minfree) / 100;
 399         /*
 400          * XXX  any other fs slop to add, such as csum's, bitmaps, etc ??
 401          */
 402
 403         if (fsopts->size < fsopts->minsize)     /* ensure meets minimum size */
 404                 fsopts->size = fsopts->minsize;
 405
 406                 /* round up to the next block */
 407         fsopts->size = roundup(fsopts->size, ffs_opts->bsize);
 408
 409                 /* calculate density if necessary */
 410         if (ffs_opts->density == -1)
 411                 ffs_opts->density = fsopts->size / fsopts->inodes + 1;
 412
 413         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_VALIDATE) {
 414                 printf("ffs_validate: after defaults set:\n");
 415                 ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsopts);
 416                 printf("ffs_validate: dir %s; %lld bytes, %lld inodes\n",
 417                     dir, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes);
 418         }
 419         sectorsize = fsopts->sectorsize;        /* XXX - see earlier */
 420
 421                 /* now check calculated sizes vs requested sizes */
 422         if (fsopts->maxsize > 0 && fsopts->size > fsopts->maxsize) {
 423                 errx(1, "`%s' size of %lld is larger than the maxsize of %lld.",
 424                     dir, (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->maxsize);
 425         }
 426 }
 427
 428
 429 static void
 430 ffs_dump_fsinfo(fsinfo_t *f)
 431 {
 432
 433         ffs_opt_t       *fs = f->fs_specific;
 434
 435         printf("fsopts at %p\n", f);
 436
 437         printf("\tsize %lld, inodes %lld, curinode %u\n",
 438             (long long)f->size, (long long)f->inodes, f->curinode);
 439
 440         printf("\tminsize %lld, maxsize %lld\n",
 441             (long long)f->minsize, (long long)f->maxsize);
 442         printf("\tfree files %lld, freefile %% %d\n",
 443             (long long)f->freefiles, f->freefilepc);
 444         printf("\tfree blocks %lld, freeblock %% %d\n",
 445             (long long)f->freeblocks, f->freeblockpc);
 446         printf("\tneedswap %d, sectorsize %d\n", f->needswap, f->sectorsize);
 447
 448         printf("\tbsize %d, fsize %d, cpg %d, density %d\n",
 449             fs->bsize, fs->fsize, fs->cpg, fs->density);
 450         printf("\tnsectors %d, rpm %d, minfree %d\n",
 451             fs->nsectors, fs->rpm, fs->minfree);
 452         printf("\tmaxcontig %d, maxbpg %d\n",
 453             fs->maxcontig, fs->maxbpg);
 454         printf("\toptimization %s\n",
 455             fs->optimization == FS_OPTSPACE ? "space" : "time");
 456 }
 457
 458
 459 static int
 460 ffs_create_image(const char *image, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 461 {
 462 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS
 463         struct statvfs  sfs;
 464 #endif
 465         struct fs       *fs;
 466         char    *buf;
 467         int     i, bufsize;
 468         off_t   bufrem;
 469
 470         assert (image != NULL);
 471         assert (fsopts != NULL);
 472
 473                 /* create image */
 474         if ((fsopts->fd = open(image, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666))
 475             == -1) {
 476                 warn("Can't open `%s' for writing", image);
 477                 return (-1);
 478         }
 479
 480                 /* zero image */
 481 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS
 482         if (fstatvfs(fsopts->fd, &sfs) == -1) {
 483 #endif
 484                 bufsize = 8192;
 485 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STATVFS_F_IOSIZE && HAVE_FSTATVFS
 486                 warn("can't fstatvfs `%s', using default %d byte chunk",
 487                     image, bufsize);
 488         } else
 489                 bufsize = sfs.f_iosize;
 490 #endif
 491         bufrem = fsopts->size;
 492         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_CREATE_IMAGE)
 493                 printf(
 494                     "zero-ing image `%s', %lld sectors, using %d byte chunks\n",
 495                     image, (long long)bufrem, bufsize);
 496         if ((buf = calloc(1, bufsize)) == NULL) {
 497                 warn("Can't create buffer for sector");
 498                 return (-1);
 499         }
 500         while (bufrem > 0) {
 501                 i = write(fsopts->fd, buf, MIN(bufsize, bufrem));
 502                 if (i == -1) {
 503                         warn("zeroing image, %lld bytes to go",
 504                             (long long)bufrem);
 505                         free(buf);
 506                         return (-1);
 507                 }
 508                 bufrem -= i;
 509         }
 510         free(buf);
 511
 512                 /* make the file system */
 513         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_CREATE_IMAGE)
 514                 printf("calling mkfs(\"%s\", ...)\n", image);
 515         fs = ffs_mkfs(image, fsopts);
 516         fsopts->superblock = (void *)fs;
 517         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_CREATE_IMAGE) {
 518                 time_t t;
 519
 520                 t = (time_t)((struct fs *)fsopts->superblock)->fs_time;
 521                 printf("mkfs returned %p; fs_time %s",
 522                     fsopts->superblock, ctime(&t));
 523                 printf("fs totals: nbfree %lld, nffree %lld, nifree %lld, ndir %lld\n",
 524                     (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree,
 525                     (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree,
 526                     (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree,
 527                     (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir);
 528         }
 529
 530         if (fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + ROOTINO < fsopts->inodes) {
 531                 warnx(
 532                 "Image file `%s' has %lld free inodes; %lld are required.",
 533                     image,
 534                     (long long)(fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree + ROOTINO),
 535                     (long long)fsopts->inodes);
 536                 return (-1);
 537         }
 538         return (fsopts->fd);
 539 }
 540
 541
 542 static void
 543 ffs_size_dir(fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 544 {
 545         struct direct   tmpdir;
 546         fsnode *        node;
 547         int             curdirsize, this;
 548         ffs_opt_t       *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
 549
 550         /* node may be NULL (empty directory) */
 551         assert(fsopts != NULL);
 552         assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
 553
 554         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR)
 555                 printf("ffs_size_dir: entry: bytes %lld inodes %lld\n",
 556                     (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes);
 557
 558 #define ADDDIRENT(e) do {                                               \
 559         tmpdir.d_namlen = strlen((e));                                  \
 560         this = DIRSIZ_SWAP(0, &tmpdir, 0);                                      \
 561         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR_ADD_DIRENT)                       \
 562                 printf("ADDDIRENT: was: %s (%d) this %d cur %d\n",      \
 563                     e, tmpdir.d_namlen, this, curdirsize);              \
 564         if (this + curdirsize > roundup(curdirsize, DIRBLKSIZ))         \
 565                 curdirsize = roundup(curdirsize, DIRBLKSIZ);            \
 566         curdirsize += this;                                             \
 567         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR_ADD_DIRENT)                       \
 568                 printf("ADDDIRENT: now: %s (%d) this %d cur %d\n",      \
 569                     e, tmpdir.d_namlen, this, curdirsize);              \
 570 } while (0);
 571
 572         /*
 573          * XXX  this needs to take into account extra space consumed
 574          *      by indirect blocks, etc.
 575          */
 576 #define ADDSIZE(x) do {                                                 \
 577         fsopts->size += roundup((x), ffs_opts->fsize);                  \
 578 } while (0);
 579
 580         curdirsize = 0;
 581         for (node = root; node != NULL; node = node->next) {
 582                 ADDDIRENT(node->name);
 583                 if (node == root) {                     /* we're at "." */
 584                         assert(strcmp(node->name, ".") == 0);
 585                         ADDDIRENT("..");
 586                 } else if ((node->inode->flags & FI_SIZED) == 0) {
 587                                 /* don't count duplicate names */
 588                         node->inode->flags |= FI_SIZED;
 589                         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR_NODE)
 590                                 printf("ffs_size_dir: `%s' size %lld\n",
 591                                     node->name,
 592                                     (long long)node->inode->st.st_size);
 593                         fsopts->inodes++;
 594                         if (node->type == S_IFREG)
 595                                 ADDSIZE(node->inode->st.st_size);
 596                         if (node->type == S_IFLNK) {
 597                                 int     slen;
 598
 599                                 slen = strlen(node->symlink) + 1;
 600                                 if (slen >= (ffs_opts->version == 1 ?
 601                                                 MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1 :
 602                                                 MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2))
 603                                         ADDSIZE(slen);
 604                         }
 605                 }
 606                 if (node->type == S_IFDIR)
 607                         ffs_size_dir(node->child, fsopts);
 608         }
 609         ADDSIZE(curdirsize);
 610
 611         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_SIZE_DIR)
 612                 printf("ffs_size_dir: exit: size %lld inodes %lld\n",
 613                     (long long)fsopts->size, (long long)fsopts->inodes);
 614 }
 615
 616 static void *
 617 ffs_build_dinode1(struct ufs1_dinode *dinp, dirbuf_t *dbufp, fsnode *cur,
 618                  fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 619 {
 620         int slen;
 621         void *membuf;
 622
 623         memset(dinp, 0, sizeof(*dinp));
 624         dinp->di_mode = cur->inode->st.st_mode;
 625         dinp->di_nlink = cur->inode->nlink;
 626         dinp->di_size = cur->inode->st.st_size;
 627         dinp->di_atime = cur->inode->st.st_atime;
 628         dinp->di_mtime = cur->inode->st.st_mtime;
 629         dinp->di_ctime = cur->inode->st.st_ctime;
 630 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
 631         dinp->di_atimensec = cur->inode->st.st_atimensec;
 632         dinp->di_mtimensec = cur->inode->st.st_mtimensec;
 633         dinp->di_ctimensec = cur->inode->st.st_ctimensec;
 634 #endif
 635 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 636         dinp->di_flags = cur->inode->st.st_flags;
 637 #endif
 638 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN
 639         dinp->di_gen = cur->inode->st.st_gen;
 640 #endif
 641         dinp->di_uid = cur->inode->st.st_uid;
 642         dinp->di_gid = cur->inode->st.st_gid;
 643                 /* not set: di_db, di_ib, di_blocks, di_spare */
 644
 645         membuf = NULL;
 646         if (cur == root) {                      /* "."; write dirbuf */
 647                 membuf = dbufp->buf;
 648                 dinp->di_size = dbufp->size;
 649         } else if (S_ISBLK(cur->type) || S_ISCHR(cur->type)) {
 650                 dinp->di_size = 0;      /* a device */
 651                 dinp->di_rdev =
 652                     ufs_rw32(cur->inode->st.st_rdev, fsopts->needswap);
 653         } else if (S_ISLNK(cur->type)) {        /* symlink */
 654                 slen = strlen(cur->symlink);
 655                 if (slen < MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1) {        /* short link */
 656                         memcpy(dinp->di_db, cur->symlink, slen);
 657                 } else
 658                         membuf = cur->symlink;
 659                 dinp->di_size = slen;
 660         }
 661         return membuf;
 662 }
 663
 664 static void *
 665 ffs_build_dinode2(struct ufs2_dinode *dinp, dirbuf_t *dbufp, fsnode *cur,
 666                  fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 667 {
 668         int slen;
 669         void *membuf;
 670
 671         memset(dinp, 0, sizeof(*dinp));
 672         dinp->di_mode = cur->inode->st.st_mode;
 673         dinp->di_nlink = cur->inode->nlink;
 674         dinp->di_size = cur->inode->st.st_size;
 675         dinp->di_atime = cur->inode->st.st_atime;
 676         dinp->di_mtime = cur->inode->st.st_mtime;
 677         dinp->di_ctime = cur->inode->st.st_ctime;
 678 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
 679         dinp->di_atimensec = cur->inode->st.st_atimensec;
 680         dinp->di_mtimensec = cur->inode->st.st_mtimensec;
 681         dinp->di_ctimensec = cur->inode->st.st_ctimensec;
 682 #endif
 683 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 684         dinp->di_flags = cur->inode->st.st_flags;
 685 #endif
 686 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_GEN
 687         dinp->di_gen = cur->inode->st.st_gen;
 688 #endif
 689 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_BIRTHTIME
 690         dinp->di_birthtime = cur->inode->st.st_birthtime;
 691         dinp->di_birthnsec = cur->inode->st.st_birthtimensec;
 692 #endif
 693         dinp->di_uid = cur->inode->st.st_uid;
 694         dinp->di_gid = cur->inode->st.st_gid;
 695                 /* not set: di_db, di_ib, di_blocks, di_spare */
 696
 697         membuf = NULL;
 698         if (cur == root) {                      /* "."; write dirbuf */
 699                 membuf = dbufp->buf;
 700                 dinp->di_size = dbufp->size;
 701         } else if (S_ISBLK(cur->type) || S_ISCHR(cur->type)) {
 702                 dinp->di_size = 0;      /* a device */
 703                 dinp->di_rdev =
 704                     ufs_rw64(cur->inode->st.st_rdev, fsopts->needswap);
 705         } else if (S_ISLNK(cur->type)) {        /* symlink */
 706                 slen = strlen(cur->symlink);
 707                 if (slen < MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2) {        /* short link */
 708                         memcpy(dinp->di_db, cur->symlink, slen);
 709                 } else
 710                         membuf = cur->symlink;
 711                 dinp->di_size = slen;
 712         }
 713         return membuf;
 714 }
 715
 716 static int
 717 ffs_populate_dir(const char *dir, fsnode *root, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 718 {
 719         fsnode          *cur;
 720         dirbuf_t        dirbuf;
 721         union dinode    din;
 722         void            *membuf;
 723         char            path[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
 724         ffs_opt_t       *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
 725
 726         assert(dir != NULL);
 727         assert(root != NULL);
 728         assert(fsopts != NULL);
 729         assert(ffs_opts != NULL);
 730
 731         (void)memset(&dirbuf, 0, sizeof(dirbuf));
 732
 733         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE)
 734                 printf("ffs_populate_dir: PASS 1  dir %s node %p\n", dir, root);
 735
 736                 /*
 737                  * pass 1: allocate inode numbers, build directory `file'
 738                  */
 739         for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
 740                 if ((cur->inode->flags & FI_ALLOCATED) == 0) {
 741                         cur->inode->flags |= FI_ALLOCATED;
 742                         if (cur == root && cur->parent != NULL)
 743                                 cur->inode->ino = cur->parent->inode->ino;
 744                         else {
 745                                 cur->inode->ino = fsopts->curinode;
 746                                 fsopts->curinode++;
 747                         }
 748                 }
 749                 ffs_make_dirbuf(&dirbuf, cur->name, cur, fsopts->needswap);
 750                 if (cur == root) {              /* we're at "."; add ".." */
 751                         ffs_make_dirbuf(&dirbuf, "..",
 752                             cur->parent == NULL ? cur : cur->parent->first,
 753                             fsopts->needswap);
 754                         root->inode->nlink++;   /* count my parent's link */
 755                 } else if (cur->child != NULL)
 756                         root->inode->nlink++;   /* count my child's link */
 757
 758                 /*
 759                  * XXX  possibly write file and long symlinks here,
 760                  *      ensuring that blocks get written before inodes?
 761                  *      otoh, this isn't a real filesystem, so who
 762                  *      cares about ordering? :-)
 763                  */
 764         }
 765         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE_DIRBUF)
 766                 ffs_dump_dirbuf(&dirbuf, dir, fsopts->needswap);
 767
 768                 /*
 769                  * pass 2: write out dirbuf, then non-directories at this level
 770                  */
 771         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE)
 772                 printf("ffs_populate_dir: PASS 2  dir %s\n", dir);
 773         for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
 774                 if (cur->inode->flags & FI_WRITTEN)
 775                         continue;               /* skip hard-linked entries */
 776                 cur->inode->flags |= FI_WRITTEN;
 777
 778                 if (snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", dir, cur->name)
 779                     >= sizeof(path))
 780                         errx(1, "Pathname too long.");
 781
 782                 if (cur->child != NULL)
 783                         continue;               /* child creates own inode */
 784
 785                                 /* build on-disk inode */
 786                 if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
 787                         membuf = ffs_build_dinode1(&din.ffs1_din, &dirbuf, cur,
 788                             root, fsopts);
 789                 else
 790                         membuf = ffs_build_dinode2(&din.ffs2_din, &dirbuf, cur,
 791                             root, fsopts);
 792
 793                 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE_NODE) {
 794                         printf("ffs_populate_dir: writing ino %d, %s",
 795                             cur->inode->ino, inode_type(cur->type));
 796                         if (cur->inode->nlink > 1)
 797                                 printf(", nlink %d", cur->inode->nlink);
 798                         putchar('\n');
 799                 }
 800
 801                 if (membuf != NULL) {
 802                         ffs_write_file(&din, cur->inode->ino, membuf, fsopts);
 803                 } else if (S_ISREG(cur->type)) {
 804                         ffs_write_file(&din, cur->inode->ino, path, fsopts);
 805                 } else {
 806                         assert (! S_ISDIR(cur->type));
 807                         ffs_write_inode(&din, cur->inode->ino, fsopts);
 808                 }
 809         }
 810
 811                 /*
 812                  * pass 3: write out sub-directories
 813                  */
 814         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE)
 815                 printf("ffs_populate_dir: PASS 3  dir %s\n", dir);
 816         for (cur = root; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next) {
 817                 if (cur->child == NULL)
 818                         continue;
 819                 if (snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", dir, cur->name)
 820                     >= sizeof(path))
 821                         errx(1, "Pathname too long.");
 822                 if (! ffs_populate_dir(path, cur->child, fsopts))
 823                         return (0);
 824         }
 825
 826         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_POPULATE)
 827                 printf("ffs_populate_dir: DONE dir %s\n", dir);
 828
 829                 /* cleanup */
 830         if (dirbuf.buf != NULL)
 831                 free(dirbuf.buf);
 832         return (1);
 833 }
 834
 835
 836 static void
 837 ffs_write_file(union dinode *din, uint32_t ino, void *buf, fsinfo_t *fsopts)
 838 {
 839         int     isfile, ffd;
 840         char    *fbuf, *p;
 841         off_t   bufleft, chunk, offset;
 842         ssize_t nread;
 843         struct inode    in;
 844         struct buf *    bp;
 845         ffs_opt_t       *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
 846
 847         assert (din != NULL);
 848         assert (buf != NULL);
 849         assert (fsopts != NULL);
 850         assert (ffs_opts != NULL);
 851
 852         isfile = S_ISREG(DIP(din, mode));
 853         fbuf = NULL;
 854         ffd = -1;
 855         p = NULL;
 856
 857         in.i_fs = (struct fs *)fsopts->superblock;
 858
 859         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_WRITE_FILE) {
 860                 printf(
 861                     "ffs_write_file: ino %u, din %p, isfile %d, %s, size %lld",
 862                     ino, din, isfile, inode_type(DIP(din, mode) & S_IFMT),
 863                     (long long)DIP(din, size));
 864                 if (isfile)
 865                         printf(", file '%s'\n", (char *)buf);
 866                 else
 867                         printf(", buffer %p\n", buf);
 868         }
 869
 870         in.i_number = ino;
 871         in.i_size = DIP(din, size);
 872         if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
 873                 memcpy(&in.i_din.ffs1_din, &din->ffs1_din,
 874                     sizeof(in.i_din.ffs1_din));
 875         else
 876                 memcpy(&in.i_din.ffs2_din, &din->ffs2_din,
 877                     sizeof(in.i_din.ffs2_din));
 878         in.i_fd = fsopts->fd;
 879
 880         if (DIP(din, size) == 0)
 881                 goto write_inode_and_leave;             /* mmm, cheating */
 882
 883         if (isfile) {
 884                 if ((fbuf = malloc(ffs_opts->bsize)) == NULL)
 885                         err(1, "Allocating memory for write buffer");
 886                 if ((ffd = open((char *)buf, O_RDONLY, 0444)) == -1) {
 887                         warn("Can't open `%s' for reading", (char *)buf);
 888                         goto leave_ffs_write_file;
 889                 }
 890         } else {
 891                 p = buf;
 892         }
 893
 894         chunk = 0;
 895         for (bufleft = DIP(din, size); bufleft > 0; bufleft -= chunk) {
 896                 chunk = MIN(bufleft, ffs_opts->bsize);
 897                 if (!isfile)
 898                         ;
 899                 else if ((nread = read(ffd, fbuf, chunk)) == -1)
 900                         err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Reading `%s', %lld bytes to go",
 901                             (char *)buf, (long long)bufleft);
 902                 else if (nread != chunk)
 903                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Reading `%s', %lld bytes to go, "
 904                             "read %zd bytes, expected %ju bytes, does "
 905                             "metalog size= attribute mismatch source size?",
 906                             (char *)buf, (long long)bufleft, nread,
 907                             (uintmax_t)chunk);
 908                 else
 909                         p = fbuf;
 910                 offset = DIP(din, size) - bufleft;
 911                 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_WRITE_FILE_BLOCK)
 912                         printf(
 913                 "ffs_write_file: write %p offset %lld size %lld left %lld\n",
 914                             p, (long long)offset,
 915                             (long long)chunk, (long long)bufleft);
 916         /*
 917          * XXX  if holey support is desired, do the check here
 918          *
 919          * XXX  might need to write out last bit in fragroundup
 920          *      sized chunk. however, ffs_balloc() handles this for us
 921          */
 922                 errno = ffs_balloc(&in, offset, chunk, &bp);
 923  bad_ffs_write_file:
 924                 if (errno != 0)
 925                         err(1,
 926                             "Writing inode %d (%s), bytes %lld + %lld",
 927                             ino,
 928                             isfile ? (char *)buf :
 929                               inode_type(DIP(din, mode) & S_IFMT),
 930                             (long long)offset, (long long)chunk);
 931                 memcpy(bp->b_data, p, chunk);
 932                 errno = bwrite(bp);
 933                 if (errno != 0)
 934                         goto bad_ffs_write_file;
 935                 brelse(bp);
 936                 if (!isfile)
 937                         p += chunk;
 938         }
 939
 940  write_inode_and_leave:
 941         ffs_write_inode(&in.i_din, in.i_number, fsopts);
 942
 943  leave_ffs_write_file:
 944         if (fbuf)
 945                 free(fbuf);
 946         if (ffd != -1)
 947                 close(ffd);
 948 }
 949
 950
 951 static void
 952 ffs_dump_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *dbuf, const char *dir, int needswap)
 953 {
 954         doff_t          i;
 955         struct direct   *de;
 956         uint16_t        reclen;
 957
 958         assert (dbuf != NULL);
 959         assert (dir != NULL);
 960         printf("ffs_dump_dirbuf: dir %s size %d cur %d\n",
 961             dir, dbuf->size, dbuf->cur);
 962
 963         for (i = 0; i < dbuf->size; ) {
 964                 de = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + i);
 965                 reclen = ufs_rw16(de->d_reclen, needswap);
 966                 printf(
 967             " inode %4d %7s offset %4d reclen %3d namlen %3d name %s\n",
 968                     ufs_rw32(de->d_ino, needswap),
 969                     inode_type(DTTOIF(de->d_type)), i, reclen,
 970                     de->d_namlen, de->d_name);
 971                 i += reclen;
 972                 assert(reclen > 0);
 973         }
 974 }
 975
 976 static void
 977 ffs_make_dirbuf(dirbuf_t *dbuf, const char *name, fsnode *node, int needswap)
 978 {
 979         struct direct   de, *dp;
 980         uint16_t        llen, reclen;
 981         u_char          *newbuf;
 982
 983         assert (dbuf != NULL);
 984         assert (name != NULL);
 985         assert (node != NULL);
 986                                         /* create direct entry */
 987         (void)memset(&de, 0, sizeof(de));
 988         de.d_ino = ufs_rw32(node->inode->ino, needswap);
 989         de.d_type = IFTODT(node->type);
 990         de.d_namlen = (uint8_t)strlen(name);
 991         strcpy(de.d_name, name);
 992         reclen = DIRSIZ_SWAP(0, &de, needswap);
 993         de.d_reclen = ufs_rw16(reclen, needswap);
 994
 995         dp = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + dbuf->cur);
 996         llen = 0;
 997         if (dp != NULL)
 998                 llen = DIRSIZ_SWAP(0, dp, needswap);
 999
1000         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKE_DIRBUF)
1001                 printf(
1002                     "ffs_make_dirbuf: dbuf siz %d cur %d lastlen %d\n"
1003                     "  ino %d type %d reclen %d namlen %d name %.30s\n",
1004                     dbuf->size, dbuf->cur, llen,
1005                     ufs_rw32(de.d_ino, needswap), de.d_type, reclen,
1006                     de.d_namlen, de.d_name);
1007
1008         if (reclen + dbuf->cur + llen > roundup(dbuf->size, DIRBLKSIZ)) {
1009                 if (debug & DEBUG_FS_MAKE_DIRBUF)
1010                         printf("ffs_make_dirbuf: growing buf to %d\n",
1011                             dbuf->size + DIRBLKSIZ);
1012                 if ((newbuf = realloc(dbuf->buf, dbuf->size + DIRBLKSIZ)) == NULL)
1013                         err(1, "Allocating memory for directory buffer");
1014                 dbuf->buf = newbuf;
1015                 dbuf->size += DIRBLKSIZ;
1016                 memset(dbuf->buf + dbuf->size - DIRBLKSIZ, 0, DIRBLKSIZ);
1017                 dbuf->cur = dbuf->size - DIRBLKSIZ;
1018         } else if (dp) {                        /* shrink end of previous */
1019                 dp->d_reclen = ufs_rw16(llen,needswap);
1020                 dbuf->cur += llen;
1021         }
1022         dp = (struct direct *)(dbuf->buf + dbuf->cur);
1023         memcpy(dp, &de, reclen);
1024         dp->d_reclen = ufs_rw16(dbuf->size - dbuf->cur, needswap);
1025 }
1026
1027 /*
1028  * cribbed from sys/ufs/ffs/ffs_alloc.c
1029  */
1030 static void
1031 ffs_write_inode(union dinode *dp, uint32_t ino, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
1032 {
1033         char            *buf;
1034         struct ufs1_dinode *dp1;
1035         struct ufs2_dinode *dp2, *dip;
1036         struct cg       *cgp;
1037         struct fs       *fs;
1038         int             cg, cgino, i;
1039         daddr_t         d;
1040         char            sbbuf[FFS_MAXBSIZE];
1041         int32_t         initediblk;
1042         ffs_opt_t       *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
1043
1044         assert (dp != NULL);
1045         assert (ino > 0);
1046         assert (fsopts != NULL);
1047         assert (ffs_opts != NULL);
1048
1049         fs = (struct fs *)fsopts->superblock;
1050         cg = ino_to_cg(fs, ino);
1051         cgino = ino % fs->fs_ipg;
1052         if (debug & DEBUG_FS_WRITE_INODE)
1053                 printf("ffs_write_inode: din %p ino %u cg %d cgino %d\n",
1054                     dp, ino, cg, cgino);
1055
1056         ffs_rdfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)fs->fs_cgsize, &sbbuf,
1057             fsopts);
1058         cgp = (struct cg *)sbbuf;
1059         if (!cg_chkmagic_swap(cgp, fsopts->needswap))
1060                 errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: cg %d: bad magic number", cg);
1061
1062         assert (isclr(cg_inosused_swap(cgp, fsopts->needswap), cgino));
1063
1064         buf = malloc(fs->fs_bsize);
1065         if (buf == NULL)
1066                 errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: cg %d: can't alloc inode block", cg);
1067
1068         dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)buf;
1069         dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)buf;
1070
1071         if (fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree == 0)
1072                 errx(1, "ffs_write_inode: fs out of inodes for ino %u",
1073                     ino);
1074         if (fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_nifree == 0)
1075                 errx(1,
1076                     "ffs_write_inode: cg %d out of inodes for ino %u",
1077                     cg, ino);
1078         setbit(cg_inosused_swap(cgp, fsopts->needswap), cgino);
1079         ufs_add32(cgp->cg_cs.cs_nifree, -1, fsopts->needswap);
1080         fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree--;
1081         fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_nifree--;
1082         if (S_ISDIR(DIP(dp, mode))) {
1083                 ufs_add32(cgp->cg_cs.cs_ndir, 1, fsopts->needswap);
1084                 fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir++;
1085                 fs->fs_cs(fs, cg).cs_ndir++;
1086         }
1087
1088         /*
1089          * Initialize inode blocks on the fly for UFS2.
1090          */
1091         initediblk = ufs_rw32(cgp->cg_initediblk, fsopts->needswap);
1092         if (ffs_opts->version == 2 && cgino + INOPB(fs) > initediblk &&
1093             initediblk < ufs_rw32(cgp->cg_niblk, fsopts->needswap)) {
1094                 memset(buf, 0, fs->fs_bsize);
1095                 dip = (struct ufs2_dinode *)buf;
1096                 srandom(time(NULL));
1097                 for (i = 0; i < INOPB(fs); i++) {
1098                         dip->di_gen = random() / 2 + 1;
1099                         dip++;
1100                 }
1101                 ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs,
1102                                   cg * fs->fs_ipg + initediblk)),
1103                     fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts);
1104                 initediblk += INOPB(fs);
1105                 cgp->cg_initediblk = ufs_rw32(initediblk, fsopts->needswap);
1106         }
1107
1108
1109         ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgtod(fs, cg)), (int)fs->fs_cgsize, &sbbuf,
1110             fsopts);
1111
1112                                         /* now write inode */
1113         d = fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, ino));
1114         ffs_rdfs(d, fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts);
1115         if (fsopts->needswap) {
1116                 if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
1117                         ffs_dinode1_swap(&dp->ffs1_din,
1118                             &dp1[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)]);
1119                 else
1120                         ffs_dinode2_swap(&dp->ffs2_din,
1121                             &dp2[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)]);
1122         } else {
1123                 if (ffs_opts->version == 1)
1124                         dp1[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)] = dp->ffs1_din;
1125                 else
1126                         dp2[ino_to_fsbo(fs, ino)] = dp->ffs2_din;
1127         }
1128         ffs_wtfs(d, fs->fs_bsize, buf, fsopts);
1129         free(buf);
1130 }
1131
1132 void
1133 panic(const char *fmt, ...)
1134 {
1135         va_list ap;
1136
1137         va_start(ap, fmt);
1138         vwarnx(fmt, ap);
1139         va_end(ap);
1140         exit(1);
1141 }