1 .\" $NetBSD: makefs.8,v 1.32 2009/01/20 20:47:25 bjh21 Exp $
3 .\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
4 .\" All rights reserved.
6 .\" Written by Luke Mewburn for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
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43 .Nd create a file system image from a directory tree or a mtree manifest
47 .Op Fl B Ar byte-order
48 .Op Fl b Ar free-blocks
49 .Op Fl d Ar debug-mask
51 .Op Fl f Ar free-files
52 .Op Fl M Ar minimum-size
53 .Op Fl m Ar maximum-size
54 .Op Fl N Ar userdb-dir
55 .Op Fl o Ar fs-options
56 .Op Fl S Ar sector-size
57 .Op Fl s Ar image-size
60 .Ar directory | manifest
61 .Op Ar extra-directory ...
65 creates a file system image into
67 from the directory tree
69 or from the mtree manifest
71 If optional directory tree
73 is passed, then the directory tree of each argument will be merged
80 No special devices or privileges are required to perform this task.
82 The options are as follows:
84 .It Fl B Ar byte-order
85 Set the byte order of the image to
98 Some file systems may have a fixed byte order; in those cases this
99 argument will be ignored.
100 .It Fl b Ar free-blocks
101 Ensure that a minimum of
103 free blocks exist in the image.
106 suffix may be provided to indicate that
108 indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.
110 Treat duplicate paths in an mtree manifest as warnings not error.
111 .It Fl d Ar debug-mask
112 Enable various levels of debugging, depending upon which bits are
123 This option has no effect when the image is created from a mtree manifest
124 rather than a directory.
126 If a specfile entry exists in the underlying file system, its
127 permissions and modification time will be used unless specifically
128 overridden by the specfile.
129 An error will be raised if the type of entry in the specfile
130 conflicts with that of an existing entry.
132 In the opposite case (where a specfile entry does not have an entry
133 in the underlying file system) the following occurs:
134 If the specfile entry is marked
136 the specfile entry is ignored.
137 Otherwise, the entry will be created in the image, and it is
138 necessary to specify at least the following parameters in the
151 (in the case of symbolic links).
154 isn't provided, the current time will be used.
157 isn't provided, the current file flags will be used.
158 Missing regular file entries will be created as zero-length files.
159 .It Fl f Ar free-files
160 Ensure that a minimum of
162 free files (inodes) exist in the image.
165 suffix may be provided to indicate that
167 indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.
168 .It Fl M Ar minimum-size
169 Set the minimum size of the file system image to
171 .It Fl m Ar maximum-size
172 Set the maximum size of the file system image to
174 An error will be raised if the target file system needs to be larger
175 than this to accommodate the provided directory tree.
177 Use the user database text file
179 and group database text file
183 rather than using the results from the system's
187 (and related) library calls.
188 .It Fl o Ar fs-options
189 Set file system specific options.
191 is a comma separated list of options.
192 Valid file system specific options are detailed below.
194 Create the image as a sparse file.
195 .It Fl S Ar sector-size
196 Set the file system sector size to
198 .\" XXX: next line also true for cd9660?
200 .It Fl s Ar image-size
201 Set the size of the file system image to
207 The following file system types are supported:
208 .Bl -tag -width cd9660 -offset indent
210 BSD fast file system (default).
212 ISO 9660 file system.
215 Exclude file system nodes not explicitly listed in the specfile.
218 Where sizes are specified, a decimal number of bytes is expected.
219 Two or more numbers may be separated by an
221 to indicate a product.
222 Each number may have one of the following optional suffixes:
223 .Bl -tag -width 3n -offset indent -compact
225 Block; multiply by 512
227 Kibi; multiply by 1024 (1 KiB)
229 Mebi; multiply by 1048576 (1 MiB)
231 Gibi; multiply by 1073741824 (1 GiB)
233 Tebi; multiply by 1099511627776 (1 TiB)
235 Word; multiply by the number of bytes in an integer
239 .Ss FFS-specific options
241 images have ffs-specific optional parameters that may be provided.
242 Each of the options consists of a keyword, an equal sign
245 The following keywords are supported:
247 .Bl -tag -width optimization -offset indent -compact
249 Expected average file size.
251 Expected number of files per directory.
259 Label name of the image.
261 Maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group.
265 Optimization preference; one of
272 Maximum total number of blocks in a cylinder group.
275 1 for FFS (default), 2 for UFS2.
277 .Ss CD9660-specific options
279 images have ISO9660-specific optional parameters that may be
281 The arguments consist of a keyword and, optionally, an equal sign
284 The following keywords are supported:
286 .Bl -tag -width omit-trailing-period -offset indent -compact
287 .It Sy allow-deep-trees
288 Allow the directory structure to exceed the maximum specified in
290 .\" .It Sy allow-illegal-chars
292 .\" .It Sy allow-lowercase
294 .It Sy allow-max-name
295 Allow 37 instead of 33 characters for filenames by omitting the
297 .It Sy allow-multidot
298 Allow multiple dots in a filename.
300 Application ID of the image.
308 Write an MBR partition table to the image to allow older CHRP hardware to
310 .It Sy boot-load-segment
311 Set load segment for the boot image.
313 Filename of a boot image in the format
323 .It Sy generic-bootimage
324 Load a generic boot image into the first 32K of the cd9660 image.
325 .It Sy hard-disk-boot
326 Boot image is a hard disk image.
327 .It Sy keep-bad-images
328 Don't throw away images whose write was aborted due to an error.
329 For debugging purposes.
331 Label name of the image.
333 Boot image is not bootable.
338 .It Sy no-trailing-padding
339 Do not pad the image (apparently Linux needs the padding).
340 .\" .It Sy omit-trailing-period
343 Preparer ID of the image.
345 Publisher ID of the image.
347 Use RockRidge extensions (for longer filenames, etc.).
349 Volume set identifier of the image.
367 .An Alan Perez-Rathke ,