1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
22 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
23 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
26 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
27 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
30 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
31 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
34 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
35 This version does not depend on a python library and the
36 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
37 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
38 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
41 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
42 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
43 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
44 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
45 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
47 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
48 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
54 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
55 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
56 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
57 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
60 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
61 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
62 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
63 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
64 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
65 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
66 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
69 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
70 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
71 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
72 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
73 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
79 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
80 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
81 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
82 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
83 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
84 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
85 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
86 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
90 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
91 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
92 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
93 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
94 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
96 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
97 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
98 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
100 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
103 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
104 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
105 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
106 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
109 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
110 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
111 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
112 be modified accordingly.
115 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
116 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
117 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
123 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
124 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
127 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
128 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
131 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
132 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
133 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
140 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
141 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
142 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
145 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
146 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
147 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
150 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
151 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
152 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
153 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
154 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
157 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
158 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
159 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
160 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
161 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
164 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
165 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
166 configurations may need to be adjusted.
169 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
170 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
171 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
172 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
175 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
176 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
177 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
178 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
181 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
182 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
183 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
184 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
187 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
188 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
189 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
192 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
193 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
194 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
195 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
196 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
197 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
198 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
199 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
200 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
202 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
203 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
204 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
205 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
206 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
209 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
210 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
211 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
212 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
213 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
216 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
217 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
221 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
225 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
226 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
227 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
230 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
231 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
234 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
235 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
239 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
240 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
242 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
245 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
249 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
253 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
255 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
258 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
259 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
260 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
261 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
262 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
263 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
266 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
270 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
272 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
275 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
276 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
277 data to /etc/localtime.
280 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
281 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
284 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
285 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
286 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
287 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
288 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
289 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
292 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
293 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
294 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
295 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
296 correctly checking networking state from userland.
297 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
300 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
301 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
302 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
303 follows the IPv4 implementation.
305 For kernel developers:
307 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
308 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
309 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
311 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
312 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
313 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
314 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
316 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
317 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
318 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
319 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
320 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
321 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
322 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
323 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
324 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
325 multicast membership on-link.
326 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
327 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
328 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
330 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
331 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
333 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
334 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
337 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
338 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
339 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
340 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
342 For application developers:
344 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
347 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
348 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
350 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
351 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
352 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
353 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
355 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
356 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
357 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
358 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
359 Multicast Source Filters'.
361 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
363 For systems administrators:
365 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
366 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
367 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
368 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
369 returned by getifaddrs(3).
371 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
372 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
374 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
375 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
376 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
377 recommended for optimal system performance.
379 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
380 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
381 back forwarded datagrams.
383 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
386 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
387 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
390 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
391 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
392 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
393 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
396 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
397 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
398 state will require a world rebuild.
399 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
402 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
403 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
404 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
407 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
408 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
409 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
410 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
412 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
415 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
416 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
417 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
418 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
419 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
420 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
421 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
422 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
425 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
426 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
427 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
430 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
431 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
432 introduces some changes:
434 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
435 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
436 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
438 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
439 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
440 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
441 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
443 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
444 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
445 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
448 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
451 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
452 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
456 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
457 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
458 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
459 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
460 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
463 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
464 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
465 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
466 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
470 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
471 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
472 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
473 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
476 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
477 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
480 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
481 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
483 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
484 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
485 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
487 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
488 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
489 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
490 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
491 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
492 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
493 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
494 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
496 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
497 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
498 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
499 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
500 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
501 to preserve the existing behaviour.
503 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
504 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
505 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
506 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
507 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
509 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
510 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
511 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
514 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
515 recompiled to reflect this.
516 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
519 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
520 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
521 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
522 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
523 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
524 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
527 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
528 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
529 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
530 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
531 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
532 raised to allow such segments to be created.
535 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
536 network device driver modules.
539 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
540 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
543 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
544 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
545 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
546 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
547 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
551 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
552 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
553 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
557 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
558 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
560 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
561 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
562 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
565 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
566 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
567 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
568 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
569 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
570 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
572 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
573 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
575 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
576 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
579 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
580 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
581 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
584 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
585 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
586 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
587 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
591 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
592 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
595 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
596 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
597 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
598 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
599 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
600 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
603 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
604 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
605 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
606 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
609 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
610 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
611 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
612 in next mpd5.3 release.
615 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
616 the base system (it was a port).
619 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
620 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
623 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
624 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
625 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
626 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
627 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
628 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
629 none of the L2 information.
632 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
633 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
635 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
637 to their kernel config files when specifying:
641 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
642 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
643 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
644 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
647 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
648 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
649 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
650 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
651 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
655 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
656 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
657 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
658 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
661 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
664 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
665 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
666 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
667 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
668 controller add the following to loader.conf:
674 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
675 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
679 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
680 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
681 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
682 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
683 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
684 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
685 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
688 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
689 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
690 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
691 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
692 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
695 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
701 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
703 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
704 cause compilation to fail.
707 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
710 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
712 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
713 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
714 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
715 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
716 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
717 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
718 accepting the RSA key.
720 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
721 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
724 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
725 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
726 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
730 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
731 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
732 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
734 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
735 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
736 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
737 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
738 use the new device names.
740 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
741 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
742 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
743 at the loader prompt:
745 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
746 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
747 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
748 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
752 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
756 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
757 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
758 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
759 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
762 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
763 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
766 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
767 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
768 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
769 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
770 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
773 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
774 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
775 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
776 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
778 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
781 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
782 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
783 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
784 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
786 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
787 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
788 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
791 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
792 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
793 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
794 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
795 other operation levels.
798 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
799 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
800 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
801 compatibility with any prior release:
803 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
804 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
805 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
808 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
809 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
810 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
811 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
812 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
816 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
817 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
818 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
819 with older hardware easier to do.
822 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
823 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
826 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
827 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
828 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
832 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
836 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
837 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
838 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
839 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
840 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
841 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
842 third-party software might fail to build after this change
843 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
844 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
845 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
846 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
847 case that a portable fix is impossible.
850 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
851 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
852 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
855 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
856 functionality is the default now.
859 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
860 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
861 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
862 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
863 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
865 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
866 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
867 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
870 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
871 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
872 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
873 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
874 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
875 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
876 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
877 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
878 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
879 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
883 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
884 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
886 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
887 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
888 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
894 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
895 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
898 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
899 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
900 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
901 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
902 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
905 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
906 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
907 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
908 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
912 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
913 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
914 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
917 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
918 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
919 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
922 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
923 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
924 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
925 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
926 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
929 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
930 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
931 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
932 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
933 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
934 will change after some settling time.
937 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
938 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
942 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
943 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
947 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
948 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
949 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
950 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
953 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
954 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
955 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
956 the IPv4 network stack.
958 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
959 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
960 has now been removed.
962 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
963 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
964 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
965 updated to reflect this.
967 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
968 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
972 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
973 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
974 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
975 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
976 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
977 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
978 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
979 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
980 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
981 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
985 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
986 function and starts providing an account management function.
987 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
988 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
989 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
991 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
993 and change it according to this example:
995 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
997 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
998 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
999 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1000 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1003 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1004 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1005 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1006 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1009 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1010 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1011 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1012 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1013 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1014 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1018 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1019 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1020 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1021 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1022 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1023 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1024 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1026 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1027 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1028 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1031 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1032 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1033 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1034 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1037 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1038 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1041 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1042 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1043 base operating system should be recompiled.
1046 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1047 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1048 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1049 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1050 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1053 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1054 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1055 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1056 deprecated in previous releases.
1057 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1058 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1061 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1062 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1063 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1064 sync. For more info:
1065 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1068 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1069 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1070 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1071 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1074 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1075 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1076 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1077 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1078 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1079 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1080 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1081 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1082 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1085 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1086 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1087 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1088 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1089 ip_mroute.ko module.
1092 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1093 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1094 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1096 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1097 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1098 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1101 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1102 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1103 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1104 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1105 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1109 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1110 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1111 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1112 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1113 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1116 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1117 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1118 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1119 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1122 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1123 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1124 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1125 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1129 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1130 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1131 with exceptions of followings:
1132 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1133 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1134 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1135 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1136 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1137 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1138 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1139 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1142 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1143 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1144 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1145 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1146 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1147 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1149 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1151 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1152 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1153 the array the same way you built it originally.
1156 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1157 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1158 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1159 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1160 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1161 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1162 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1165 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1166 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1167 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1168 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1169 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1172 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1173 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1174 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1175 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1176 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1179 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1180 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1181 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1182 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1183 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1184 added to 'struct proc'.
1187 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1190 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1191 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1192 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1193 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1194 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1197 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1200 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1201 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1202 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1205 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1208 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1209 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1210 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1213 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1214 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1215 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1216 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1217 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1220 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1221 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1222 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1223 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1226 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1227 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1231 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1232 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1233 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1234 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1235 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1238 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1239 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1240 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1241 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1242 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1243 `make installworld' with:
1245 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1247 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1248 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1249 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1250 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1253 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1254 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1255 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1256 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1260 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1261 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1262 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1263 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1264 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1265 implements the interface to support it.
1268 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1269 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1270 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1271 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1275 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1276 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1277 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1278 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1279 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1280 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1281 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1282 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1283 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1285 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1288 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1289 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1292 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1293 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1294 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1295 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1299 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1300 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1301 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1304 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1305 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1308 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1309 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1310 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1311 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1312 on your next install.
1313 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1314 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1315 to your /etc/make.conf.
1318 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1319 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1320 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1323 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1324 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1325 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1328 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1329 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1332 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1333 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1334 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1335 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1338 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1339 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1340 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1343 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1344 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1345 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1349 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1350 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1351 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1352 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1353 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1354 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1355 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1356 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1359 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1360 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1361 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1364 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1365 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1368 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1369 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1372 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1373 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1374 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1377 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1378 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1379 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1380 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1381 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1382 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1386 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1387 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1390 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1391 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1394 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1395 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1396 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1397 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1401 RELENG_6 branched here.
1404 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1405 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1406 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1407 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1408 removable_interfaces.
1411 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1412 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1413 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1414 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1415 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1416 affect existing configurations.
1419 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1420 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1421 updated to the new APIs.
1424 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1425 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1426 will not behave correctly.
1428 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1429 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1430 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1433 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1434 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1435 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1436 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1437 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1439 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1440 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1444 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1445 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1448 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1449 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1450 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1451 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1452 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1453 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1454 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1457 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1458 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1459 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1460 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1463 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1464 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1465 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1468 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1469 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1470 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1474 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1475 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1476 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1477 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1480 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1481 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1482 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1483 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1484 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1485 none at this point.)
1488 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1489 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1492 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1493 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1494 with the new kernel.
1497 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1498 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1499 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1502 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1503 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1504 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1505 if you have updated the kernel.
1507 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1508 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1509 mounting the new volume.
1512 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1513 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1514 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1515 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1518 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1519 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1522 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1523 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1524 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1525 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1526 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1527 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1530 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1531 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1532 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1533 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1534 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1537 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1538 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1539 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1540 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1541 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1542 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1543 and wlan_xauth as required.
1546 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1547 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1548 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1549 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1553 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1554 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1555 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1556 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1557 the module when a wep key is configured).
1560 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1561 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1562 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1565 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1566 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1569 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1570 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1571 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1572 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1573 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1574 their /etc/rc scripts.
1577 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1580 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1581 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1582 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1585 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1586 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1587 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1590 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1591 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1597 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1598 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1599 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1600 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1601 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1602 on the -current branch).
1604 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1605 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1606 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1607 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1608 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1609 page for more details.
1611 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1612 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1613 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1614 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1615 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1620 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1623 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1624 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1626 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1628 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1629 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1630 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1632 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1636 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1637 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1638 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1640 make kernel-toolchain
1641 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1642 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1644 To test a kernel once
1645 ---------------------
1646 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1647 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1648 debugging information) run
1649 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1650 nextboot -k testkernel
1652 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1653 --------------------------------------------------------------
1654 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1655 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1656 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1658 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1659 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1660 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1665 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1667 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1668 -----------------------------------------------------------
1669 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1670 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1672 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1674 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1676 <reboot in single user> [3]
1684 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1685 --------------------------------------------------
1686 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1687 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1688 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1691 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1694 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1695 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1696 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1697 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1698 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1699 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1700 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1701 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1702 <reboot into current>
1703 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1704 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1708 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1709 ----------------------------------------------
1710 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1712 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1714 <reboot in single user> [3]
1721 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1722 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1723 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1724 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1725 the UPDATING entries.
1727 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1728 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1729 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1730 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1731 much fewer pitfalls.
1733 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1734 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1737 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1742 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1743 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1744 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1746 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1747 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1748 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1749 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1750 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1751 for potential gotchas.
1753 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1754 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1755 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1756 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1757 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1758 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1760 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1761 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1762 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1764 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1765 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1766 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1767 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1768 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1770 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1771 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1773 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1774 cvs prune empty directories.
1776 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1777 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1778 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1780 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1781 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1782 warn if it is improperly defined.
1785 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1786 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1787 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1788 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1789 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1791 Copyright information:
1793 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1795 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1796 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1797 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1799 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1800 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1801 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1802 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1803 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1804 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1805 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1806 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1807 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1808 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1809 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1811 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1814 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of