2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 * must display the following acknowledgement:
18 * This product includes software developed by the University of
19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 * without specific prior written permission.
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36 * $xMach: xargs.c,v 1.6 2002/02/23 05:27:47 tim Exp $
41 static const char copyright[] =
42 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993\n\
43 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
47 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)xargs.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
50 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
51 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
53 #include <sys/param.h>
68 #include "pathnames.h"
70 static void parse_input(int, char *[]);
71 static void prerun(int, char *[]);
72 static int prompt(void);
73 static void run(char **);
74 static void usage(void);
75 void strnsubst(char **, const char *, const char *, size_t);
76 static void waitchildren(const char *, int);
78 static char echo[] = _PATH_ECHO;
79 static char **av, **bxp, **ep, **endxp, **xp;
80 static char *argp, *bbp, *ebp, *inpline, *p, *replstr;
81 static const char *eofstr;
82 static int count, insingle, indouble, oflag, pflag, tflag, Rflag, rval, zflag;
83 static int cnt, Iflag, jfound, Lflag, wasquoted, xflag;
84 static int curprocs, maxprocs;
86 static volatile int childerr;
88 extern char **environ;
91 main(int argc, char *argv[])
94 int ch, Jflag, nargs, nflag, nline;
98 inpline = replstr = NULL;
103 (void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
106 * POSIX.2 limits the exec line length to ARG_MAX - 2K. Running that
107 * caused some E2BIG errors, so it was changed to ARG_MAX - 4K. Given
108 * that the smallest argument is 2 bytes in length, this means that
109 * the number of arguments is limited to:
111 * (ARG_MAX - 4K - LENGTH(utility + arguments)) / 2.
113 * We arbitrarily limit the number of arguments to 5000. This is
114 * allowed by POSIX.2 as long as the resulting minimum exec line is
115 * at least LINE_MAX. Realloc'ing as necessary is possible, but
116 * probably not worthwhile.
119 if ((arg_max = sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX)) == -1)
120 errx(1, "sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX) failed");
121 nline = arg_max - 4 * 1024;
122 while (*ep != NULL) {
123 /* 1 byte for each '\0' */
124 nline -= strlen(*ep++) + 1 + sizeof(*ep);
127 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "0E:I:J:L:n:oP:pR:s:rtx")) != -1)
144 Lflag = atoi(optarg);
148 if ((nargs = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
149 errx(1, "illegal argument count");
155 if ((maxprocs = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
156 errx(1, "max. processes must be >0");
162 Rflag = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 10);
164 errx(1, "replacements must be a number");
167 /* GNU compatibility */
170 nline = atoi(optarg);
196 if (replstr != NULL && *replstr == '\0')
197 errx(1, "replstr may not be empty");
200 * Allocate pointers for the utility name, the utility arguments,
201 * the maximum arguments to be read from stdin and the trailing
204 linelen = 1 + argc + nargs + 1;
205 if ((av = bxp = malloc(linelen * sizeof(char **))) == NULL)
206 errx(1, "malloc failed");
209 * Use the user's name for the utility as argv[0], just like the
210 * shell. Echo is the default. Set up pointers for the user's
214 cnt = strlen(*bxp++ = echo);
217 if (Jflag && strcmp(*argv, replstr) == 0) {
221 for (avj = argv; *avj; avj++)
222 cnt += strlen(*avj) + 1;
225 cnt += strlen(*bxp++ = *argv) + 1;
226 } while (*++argv != NULL);
230 * Set up begin/end/traversing pointers into the array. The -n
231 * count doesn't include the trailing NULL pointer, so the malloc
232 * added in an extra slot.
234 endxp = (xp = bxp) + nargs;
237 * Allocate buffer space for the arguments read from stdin and the
238 * trailing NULL. Buffer space is defined as the default or specified
239 * space, minus the length of the utility name and arguments. Set up
240 * begin/end/traversing pointers into the array. The -s count does
241 * include the trailing NULL, so the malloc didn't add in an extra
246 errx(1, "insufficient space for command");
248 if ((bbp = malloc((size_t)(nline + 1))) == NULL)
249 errx(1, "malloc failed");
250 ebp = (argp = p = bbp) + nline - 1;
252 parse_input(argc, argv);
256 parse_input(int argc, char *argv[])
263 switch(ch = getchar()) {
265 /* No arguments since last exec. */
267 waitchildren(*argv, 1);
273 /* Quotes escape tabs and spaces. */
274 if (insingle || indouble || zflag)
280 * Increment 'count', so that nulls will be treated
281 * as end-of-line, as well as end-of-argument. This
282 * is needed so -0 works properly with -I and -L.
291 count++; /* Indicate end-of-line (used by -L) */
293 /* Quotes do not escape newlines. */
294 arg1: if (insingle || indouble)
295 errx(1, "unterminated quote");
297 foundeof = *eofstr != '\0' &&
298 strcmp(argp, eofstr) == 0;
300 /* Do not make empty args unless they are quoted */
301 if ((argp != p || wasquoted) && !foundeof) {
311 * If this string is not zero
312 * length, append a space for
313 * separation before the next
316 if ((curlen = strlen(inpline)))
317 strcat(inpline, " ");
321 * Allocate enough to hold what we will
322 * be holding in a second, and to append
323 * a space next time through, if we have
326 inpline = realloc(inpline, curlen + 2 +
329 errx(1, "realloc failed");
331 strcpy(inpline, argp);
333 strcat(inpline, argp);
338 * If max'd out on args or buffer, or reached EOF,
339 * run the command. If xflag and max'd out on buffer
340 * but not on args, object. Having reached the limit
341 * of input lines, as specified by -L is the same as
342 * maxing out on arguments.
344 if (xp == endxp || p > ebp || ch == EOF ||
345 (Lflag <= count && xflag) || foundeof) {
346 if (xflag && xp != endxp && p > ebp)
347 errx(1, "insufficient space for arguments");
349 for (avj = argv; *avj; avj++)
353 if (ch == EOF || foundeof) {
354 waitchildren(*argv, 1);
365 if (indouble || zflag)
367 insingle = !insingle;
371 if (insingle || zflag)
373 indouble = !indouble;
379 /* Backslash escapes anything, is escaped by quotes. */
380 if (!insingle && !indouble && (ch = getchar()) == EOF)
381 errx(1, "backslash at EOF");
384 addch: if (p < ebp) {
389 /* If only one argument, not enough buffer space. */
391 errx(1, "insufficient space for argument");
392 /* Didn't hit argument limit, so if xflag object. */
394 errx(1, "insufficient space for arguments");
397 for (avj = argv; *avj; avj++)
403 memcpy(bbp, argp, (size_t)cnt);
404 p = (argp = bbp) + cnt;
411 * Do things necessary before run()'ing, such as -I substitution,
412 * and then call run().
415 prerun(int argc, char *argv[])
417 char **tmp, **tmp2, **avj;
422 if (argc == 0 || repls == 0) {
431 * Allocate memory to hold the argument list, and
432 * a NULL at the tail.
434 tmp = malloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char**));
436 errx(1, "malloc failed");
440 * Save the first argument and iterate over it, we
441 * cannot do strnsubst() to it.
443 if ((*tmp++ = strdup(*avj++)) == NULL)
444 errx(1, "strdup failed");
447 * For each argument to utility, if we have not used up
448 * the number of replacements we are allowed to do, and
449 * if the argument contains at least one occurrence of
450 * replstr, call strnsubst(), else just save the string.
451 * Iterations over elements of avj and tmp are done
456 if (repls && strstr(*tmp, replstr) != NULL) {
457 strnsubst(tmp++, replstr, inpline, (size_t)255);
461 if ((*tmp = strdup(*tmp)) == NULL)
462 errx(1, "strdup failed");
474 * Walk from the tail to the head, free along the way.
476 for (; tmp2 != tmp; tmp--)
479 * Now free the list itself.
484 * Free the input line buffer, if we have one.
486 if (inpline != NULL) {
500 * If the user wants to be notified of each command before it is
501 * executed, notify them. If they want the notification to be
502 * followed by a prompt, then prompt them.
504 if (tflag || pflag) {
505 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s", *argv);
506 for (avec = argv + 1; *avec != NULL; ++avec)
507 (void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *avec);
509 * If the user has asked to be prompted, do so.
513 * If they asked not to exec, return without execution
514 * but if they asked to, go to the execution. If we
515 * could not open their tty, break the switch and drop
516 * back to -t behaviour.
526 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
527 (void)fflush(stderr);
531 switch(pid = vfork()) {
536 if ((fd = open(_PATH_TTY, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
537 err(1, "can't open /dev/tty");
539 fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
541 if (fd > STDIN_FILENO) {
542 if (dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO) != 0)
543 err(1, "can't dup2 to stdin");
546 execvp(argv[0], argv);
551 waitchildren(*argv, 0);
555 waitchildren(const char *name, int waitall)
560 while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, !waitall && curprocs < maxprocs ?
563 /* If we couldn't invoke the utility, exit. */
566 err(errno == ENOENT ? 127 : 126, "%s", name);
569 * If utility signaled or exited with a value of 255,
572 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) == 255)
574 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
577 if (pid == -1 && errno != ECHILD)
582 * Prompt the user about running a command.
593 if ((ttyfp = fopen(_PATH_TTY, "r")) == NULL)
594 return (2); /* Indicate that the TTY failed to open. */
595 (void)fprintf(stderr, "?...");
596 (void)fflush(stderr);
597 if ((response = fgetln(ttyfp, &rsize)) == NULL ||
598 regcomp(&cre, nl_langinfo(YESEXPR), REG_BASIC) != 0) {
602 match = regexec(&cre, response, 0, NULL, 0);
612 "usage: xargs [-0opt] [-E eofstr] [-I replstr [-R replacements]] [-J replstr]\n"
613 " [-L number] [-n number [-x]] [-P maxprocs] [-s size]\n"
614 " [utility [argument ...]]\n");