1 Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
31 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
32 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software
36 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
37 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
38 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
39 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
41 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
44 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
45 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
48 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
49 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
50 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
51 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
52 already properly quoted or escaped.
55 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
56 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
57 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
58 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
59 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
60 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on
61 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
62 please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
65 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
69 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
73 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
75 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
78 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
79 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
80 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
81 "device imx6_ipu" to it.
82 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
83 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
84 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
88 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
92 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
93 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
94 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
97 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
98 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
101 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
102 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
103 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
106 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
107 system are now built unconditionally.
110 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
111 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
114 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was
115 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
117 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
118 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
119 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
122 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing
123 to reenable sendmail(8):
125 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
127 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
130 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
131 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
132 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
133 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
134 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
135 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
137 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
140 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
141 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
142 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
145 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled
146 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
149 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
150 for pkgbase users to do:
152 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
153 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
155 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
159 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
160 before re-compiling to avoid errors.
163 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
164 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
165 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
166 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
170 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
171 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
174 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
175 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
176 the coming days and weeks.
178 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
180 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
181 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
182 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
183 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
184 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
187 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
188 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
189 statement in unbound.conf:
190 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
192 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
194 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
195 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
196 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
197 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
198 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
199 such names when roaming to different homenets.
202 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
203 that any of the included congestion control modules could be
204 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
205 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
206 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
207 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
208 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
209 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
210 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
211 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
212 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
215 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
219 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
220 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
221 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
222 may need to be modified.
225 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
226 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
227 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
230 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use
231 the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
236 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
237 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
238 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
242 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
243 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
244 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
245 list of modules to load on their systems.
248 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
249 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
250 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
251 audio/freebsd-13-mixer
254 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
255 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built
256 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
260 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
261 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
262 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
263 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
264 application-specific configuration option for applications
265 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
268 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
269 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
272 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
273 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
274 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
275 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
278 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
279 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
280 MTU on all member interfaces instead.
283 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
284 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
285 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
288 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
289 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
290 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
291 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
292 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
293 to update your sources past the above hash and do
296 % sudo -E make install
297 to enable building kernels again.
300 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
301 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not
302 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
305 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
306 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
309 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
310 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
312 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
315 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
316 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
317 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
318 additions and others.
321 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
322 renamed to "untrusted".
325 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
326 please install the svn package or port.
329 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
330 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
331 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
334 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
337 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
338 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
339 https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
340 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
341 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
342 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
343 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
346 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
347 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where
348 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
352 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
353 libraries and utilities are packaged.
354 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
355 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
356 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
357 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
361 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
362 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules
363 need to be rebuilt from sources.
364 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
365 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
369 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
370 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
371 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
372 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
373 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
374 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
377 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
378 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
379 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
380 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
383 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
384 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
385 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
388 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
389 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
393 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
394 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
395 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
396 since it was bumped so recently.
399 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
400 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
401 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
402 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
405 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
406 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
407 requires a clean build.
410 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
411 instructions can be found at
412 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
413 and other documents in that repo.
416 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
417 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
418 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
419 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
422 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
423 may be installed from ports or packages.
426 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
427 See ping(8) for details.
430 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
431 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
432 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
435 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
436 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
437 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
438 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
439 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
442 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
443 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
444 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
445 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
446 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
450 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
451 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
452 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
453 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
455 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
456 command you want to un-auger the tree is
459 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
460 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
463 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
464 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
465 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
466 unless you want to use new features.
468 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
469 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
470 rebuilding world may fail.
472 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
473 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
475 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
476 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
477 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
478 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
481 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
482 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
483 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
484 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
487 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
488 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
492 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
493 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
496 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
497 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
498 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
499 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
502 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
503 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
504 from sources, so a version bump was done.
507 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
508 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
509 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
510 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
513 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
514 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
515 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
516 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
517 continue to function.
519 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
520 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
521 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
522 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
525 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
526 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
527 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
528 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
529 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
530 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
531 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
534 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
535 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
538 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
539 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
540 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
543 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
544 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
545 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
546 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
548 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
549 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
550 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
551 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
555 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
556 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
557 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
558 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
561 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
562 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
565 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
566 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
567 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
568 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
569 be functional without closefrom(2).
572 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
573 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
574 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
575 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
576 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
577 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
580 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
581 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
582 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
583 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
586 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
587 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
588 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
591 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
594 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
595 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
596 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
599 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
600 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
603 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
604 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
605 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
609 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
610 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
614 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
615 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
616 together with their new kernel.
619 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
620 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
621 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
623 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
624 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
627 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
631 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
632 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
633 external toolchain package.
636 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
637 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
638 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
639 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
640 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
643 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
644 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
645 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
646 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
649 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
650 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
651 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
655 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
658 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
659 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
660 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
661 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
664 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
665 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
666 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
669 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
670 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
671 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
672 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
673 differences between those included in the port and those included in
674 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
675 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
676 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
679 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
680 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
684 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
685 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
686 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
687 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
688 add superio to the set.
691 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
692 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
695 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
696 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
697 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
698 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
699 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
700 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
701 completely in the future.
704 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
705 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
706 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
707 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
708 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
709 will be removed from the list.
712 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
713 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
714 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
715 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
718 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
719 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
720 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
721 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
724 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
725 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
726 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
727 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
730 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
731 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
732 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
735 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
736 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
737 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
738 your scripts, because they had no effect.
740 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
741 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
742 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
743 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
744 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
747 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
748 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
749 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
750 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
751 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
752 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
753 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
756 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
757 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
758 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
759 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
762 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
763 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
764 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
765 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
768 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
769 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
770 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
773 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
774 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
775 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
776 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
777 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
778 avoid running into the limit.
781 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
782 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
785 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
786 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
787 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
788 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
789 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
790 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
793 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
794 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
797 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
798 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
799 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
800 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
801 availability properties.
803 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
804 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
805 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
806 initial condition, if desired.
808 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
809 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
811 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
812 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
813 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
814 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
817 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
818 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
819 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
820 therefore unblocked).
823 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
824 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
825 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
826 is added to the command line.
827 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
828 not affected and should continue to work.
831 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
832 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
833 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
834 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
837 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
838 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
839 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
843 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
844 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
848 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
849 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
850 migrating to the drm ports.
853 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
854 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
855 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
856 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
857 is loaded automatically.
860 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
861 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
862 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
866 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
867 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
868 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
869 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
872 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
873 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
874 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
875 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
876 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
880 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
881 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
882 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
884 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
885 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
887 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
888 removed from the mips port.
891 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
892 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
893 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
897 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
898 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
901 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
902 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
903 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
904 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
907 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
908 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
909 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
912 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
913 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
914 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
918 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
919 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
920 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
922 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
923 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
924 being included using the command:
928 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
929 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
932 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
933 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
934 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
935 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
936 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
937 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
938 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
939 that as you will get better support.
941 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
942 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
943 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
944 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
946 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
947 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
948 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
949 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
953 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
954 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
955 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
956 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
957 be adjusted as necessary.
960 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
961 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
962 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
963 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
966 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
967 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
968 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
969 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
973 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
974 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
975 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
976 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
980 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
981 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
982 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
983 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
984 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
985 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
988 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
989 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
990 default since FreeBSD-11.
993 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
994 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
995 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
998 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
999 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1000 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1001 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1002 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
1003 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1004 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1006 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1007 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1010 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1011 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1012 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1013 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1014 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1015 may not be observed in a future release.
1018 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
1019 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1023 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1024 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1025 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1026 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1029 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1030 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1031 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1032 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1036 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1037 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1038 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1041 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1042 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1043 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1044 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1045 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1048 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1049 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1050 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1051 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1052 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1053 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1056 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1057 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1058 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1061 in /boot/loader.conf
1062 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1063 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1064 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1067 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
1068 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1069 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1070 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1071 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1072 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1073 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1074 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1075 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1076 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1080 Big endian arm support has been removed.
1083 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1084 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
1085 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1086 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1087 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1090 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1091 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1092 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
1093 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
1094 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1095 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1098 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1099 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1102 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1103 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1104 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1105 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1106 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1107 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1108 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1111 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1112 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1113 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1117 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1118 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1119 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1123 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1124 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1127 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1128 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1132 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1133 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1134 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1135 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1138 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1139 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1140 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1144 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
1145 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1146 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1150 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1151 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1152 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1153 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1154 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1155 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1158 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1159 workaround is necessary.
1162 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1163 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
1164 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
1165 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1168 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
1169 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1170 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1171 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1172 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1175 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
1176 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1177 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
1178 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1181 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
1182 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1183 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1187 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
1188 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1192 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
1193 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1197 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1198 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1199 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1200 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1201 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1203 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1204 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1205 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1206 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1207 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1208 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1209 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1211 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1212 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1215 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1218 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1219 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1220 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1222 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1224 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1225 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1226 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1227 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1228 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1229 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1230 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1232 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1236 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1237 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1238 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1241 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1242 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1243 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1244 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1245 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1246 should be as simple as:
1248 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1249 $ make depend all install
1252 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1253 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1254 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1255 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1256 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1257 provisions for backup boot methods.
1260 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1261 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1262 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1266 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1267 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1268 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1272 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1273 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1274 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1276 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1277 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1280 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1281 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1282 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1283 remove it from kernel config files.
1286 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1287 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1288 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1290 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1291 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1294 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1295 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1296 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1297 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1300 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1301 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1304 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1305 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1306 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1307 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1310 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1311 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1312 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1313 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1314 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1315 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1318 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1319 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1320 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1323 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1324 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1325 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1326 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1327 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1330 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1331 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1332 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1333 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1334 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1338 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1339 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1340 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1341 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1342 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1343 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1344 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1345 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1346 than hardcoding paths.
1349 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1350 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1351 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1354 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1355 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1356 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1357 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1360 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1361 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1364 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1365 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1366 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1367 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1370 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1371 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1372 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1373 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1374 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1377 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1378 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1379 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1380 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1384 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1385 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1386 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1387 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1388 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1391 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1392 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1395 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1396 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1400 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1401 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1405 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1406 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1407 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1408 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1410 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1411 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1412 sandbox if successful.
1414 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1415 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1416 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1417 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1418 an unprivileged user.
1421 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1422 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1423 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1424 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1425 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1426 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1427 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1428 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1429 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1430 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1431 to which you should answer yes.
1434 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1435 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1436 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1437 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1438 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1441 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1442 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1443 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1446 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1447 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1450 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1451 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1452 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1453 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1454 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1455 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1456 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1459 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1460 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1461 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1462 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1463 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1464 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1467 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1468 if you require the GPL compiler.
1471 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1472 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1473 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1476 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1477 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1478 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1482 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1483 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1484 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1485 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1486 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1487 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1490 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1491 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1492 which only require one chipset support.
1494 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1498 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1499 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1500 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1502 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1503 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1506 * load the chip modules in question
1507 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1509 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1510 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1512 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1515 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1516 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1517 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1519 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1520 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1521 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1523 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1524 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1525 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1526 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1527 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1528 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1529 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1530 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1533 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1534 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1535 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1538 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1539 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1540 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1543 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1544 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1545 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1546 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1547 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1548 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1549 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1552 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1553 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1554 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1555 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1558 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1559 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1560 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1563 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1564 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1565 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1568 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1569 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1571 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1572 via one of the following methods:
1573 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1574 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1575 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1576 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1578 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1581 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1582 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1583 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1584 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1588 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1589 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1590 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1591 be prefixed with colon.
1594 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1595 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1596 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1599 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1600 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1601 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1604 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1605 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1606 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1610 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1614 MCA bus support has been removed.
1617 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1618 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1621 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1622 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1625 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1626 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1627 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1631 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1632 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1633 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1636 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1637 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1638 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1641 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1642 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1643 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1646 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1647 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1648 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1649 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1652 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1653 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1655 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1656 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1659 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1660 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1661 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1665 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1666 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1667 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1670 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1671 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1674 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1675 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1676 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1677 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1680 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1681 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1682 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1683 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1684 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1687 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1690 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1691 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1692 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1693 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1696 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1697 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1698 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1702 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1703 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1704 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1705 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1706 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1710 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1711 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1714 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1716 After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1717 from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1718 entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1725 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1726 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1727 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1728 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1729 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1730 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1731 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1732 report a bug if it happens consistently.
1734 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1735 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1736 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1737 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1738 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1739 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1740 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1741 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1744 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1745 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1746 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1747 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1750 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1751 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1752 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1753 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1755 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1756 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1757 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1758 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1759 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1760 should write them with this in mind.
1764 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1765 always follow these three steps:
1767 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1768 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1770 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1771 doing a zpool upgrade):
1773 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1774 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1775 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1776 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1778 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1779 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1782 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1787 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1788 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1789 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1790 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1791 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1792 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1793 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1794 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1796 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1797 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1798 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1799 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1801 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1802 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1803 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1804 since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1806 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1810 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1811 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1812 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1814 make kernel-toolchain
1815 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1816 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1818 To test a kernel once
1819 ---------------------
1820 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1821 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1822 debugging information) run
1823 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1824 nextboot -k testkernel
1826 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1827 -----------------------------------------------------------
1828 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1829 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1831 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1833 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1834 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1836 <reboot in single user> [3]
1843 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1844 --------------------------------------------------
1845 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1846 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1847 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1850 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1853 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1854 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1855 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1856 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1857 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1858 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1859 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1860 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1861 <reboot into current>
1862 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1863 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1867 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1868 ----------------------------------------------
1869 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1871 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1872 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1874 <reboot in single user> [3]
1881 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1882 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1883 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1884 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1885 the UPDATING entries.
1887 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1888 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1889 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1890 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1891 much fewer pitfalls.
1893 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1894 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1895 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1896 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
1897 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1898 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1899 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1900 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1902 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1904 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1908 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1909 cd src # full path to source
1910 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1911 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1912 into single user mode to do the installworld.
1914 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1915 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1916 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1917 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1918 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1919 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information.
1921 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
1922 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1925 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1926 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1927 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1929 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
1930 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
1931 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
1932 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
1933 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
1934 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
1935 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
1936 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
1938 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1939 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
1940 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
1943 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1944 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1945 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1947 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1948 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1949 warn if it is improperly defined.
1952 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1953 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1954 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1955 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1956 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1958 Copyright information:
1960 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
1962 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1963 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1964 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1966 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1967 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1968 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1969 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1970 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1971 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1972 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1973 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1974 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1975 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1976 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1978 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of