1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
16 13.1-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-SA-22:15.ping
17 FreeBSD-EN-22:28.heimdal
19 Stack overflow in ping [SA-22:15.ping]
21 Regression in Heimdal KDC [EN-22:28.heimdal]
24 13.1-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-SA-22:14.heimdal
26 Multiple vulnerabilities in Heimdal [SA-22:14.heimdal]
29 13.1-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-22:21.zfs
30 FreeBSD-EN-22:22.tzdata
35 FreeBSD-EN-22:27.loader
37 ZFS B-Tree use-after-free [EN-22:21.zfs]
39 Timezone database information update [EN-22:22.tzdata]
41 Memory pages become unreclaimable [EN-22:23.vm]
43 ZFS snapshot directories not accessible over NFS [EN-22:24.zfs]
45 Possible data corruption with TCP SACK retransmissions [EN-22:25.tcp]
47 CAM ioctl(2) compatibility breakage [EN-22:26.cam]
49 UEFI loader failing to boot older amd64 kernels [EN-22:27.loader]
52 13.1-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib
53 FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata
55 zlib heap buffer overflow [SA-22:13.zlib]
57 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
60 13.1-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf
62 FreeBSD-SA-22:12.lib9p
63 FreeBSD-EN-22:16.kqueue
65 FreeBSD-EN-22:19.pam_exec
67 Out of bounds read in elf_not_prpsinfo() [SA-22:09.elf]
69 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-22:11.vm]
71 Missing bounds check in 9p message handling [SA-22:12.lib9p]
73 kevent(2) timers fire too often [EN-22:16.kqueue]
75 Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery [EN-22:17.cam]
77 NULL pointer dereference in pam_exec(8) [EN-22:19.pam_exec]
83 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
84 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
85 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
88 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
89 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
90 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
91 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1300524 to
95 Commit 18f5b477ee66 adds two arguments to VOP_ALLOCATE().
96 Normally changes to VOP calls are not MFC'd, but a
97 discussion on freebsd-current@ seemed to agree that
98 it was acceptable in this case, to fix the NFSv4.2 server.
99 Any out of source tree file system with a custom
100 VOP_ALLOCATE() call will need to be modified.
101 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300523 since the NFS modules need
102 to be rebuilt from sources.
105 Commit 6e8e261f0d4e changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
106 modules. As such, all the modules must be rebuilt from sources.
107 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1300522.
110 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300521 after merging LinuxKPI and
111 net80211 changes in order to support building various wireless
112 drivers. This is to help other external consumers of LinuxKPI
113 and net80211 to deal accordingly.
116 Commit a599f9f7620b deleted the variable called nfs_maxcopyrange
117 from nfscommon.ko, since it no longer needs to be global. As such,
118 the other nfs modules must be rebuilt from up to date sources.
119 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300516 for this.
122 As of commit 622809b0868f OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
123 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
124 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
125 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
126 application-specific configuration option for applications
127 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
130 Commits 9fb6e613373c and 9ec7dbf46b0a both changed the internal
131 KAPI between the NFS modules. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300514.
132 All NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources.
135 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
136 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
137 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
138 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
141 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
142 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
143 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
144 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
147 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
148 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
149 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
150 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
151 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
152 to update your sources past the above hash and do
155 % sudo -E make install
156 to enable building kernels again.
159 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
160 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
161 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
162 the "minorversion" mount option.
163 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
164 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
168 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
169 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
172 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
173 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
174 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
175 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
176 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
177 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
181 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
182 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
184 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
187 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
188 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
189 rebuilt from sources.
192 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
193 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
194 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
195 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
196 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
197 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
200 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
201 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
205 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
208 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
209 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
210 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
211 since it was bumped so recently.
214 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
215 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
216 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
217 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
220 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
221 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
222 requires a clean build.
225 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
226 instructions can be found at
227 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
228 and other documents in that repo.
231 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
232 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
233 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
234 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
237 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
238 may be installed from ports or packages.
241 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
242 See ping(8) for details.
245 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
246 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
247 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
249 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
250 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
251 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
252 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
253 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
256 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
257 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
258 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
259 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
260 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
264 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
265 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
266 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
267 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
269 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
270 command you want to un-auger the tree is
273 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
274 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
277 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
278 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
279 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
280 unless you want to use new features.
282 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
283 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
284 rebuilding world may fail.
286 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
287 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
289 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
290 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
291 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
292 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
295 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
296 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
297 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
298 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
301 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
302 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
306 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
307 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
310 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
311 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
312 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
313 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
316 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
317 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
318 from sources, so a version bump was done.
321 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
322 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
323 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
324 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
327 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
328 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
329 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
330 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
331 continue to function.
333 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
334 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
335 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
336 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
339 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
340 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
341 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
342 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
343 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
344 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
345 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
348 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
349 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
352 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
353 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
354 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
357 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
358 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
359 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
360 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
362 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
363 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
364 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
365 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
369 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
370 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
371 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
372 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
375 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
376 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
379 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
380 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
381 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
382 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
383 be functional without closefrom(2).
386 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
387 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
388 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
389 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
390 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
391 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
394 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
395 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
396 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
397 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
400 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
401 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
402 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
405 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
408 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
409 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
410 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
413 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
414 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
417 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
418 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
419 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
423 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
424 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
428 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
429 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
430 together with their new kernel.
433 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
434 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
435 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
437 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
438 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
441 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
445 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
446 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
447 external toolchain package.
450 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
451 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
452 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
453 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
454 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
457 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
458 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
459 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
460 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
463 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
464 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
465 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
469 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
472 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
473 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
474 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
475 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
478 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
479 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
480 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
483 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
484 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
485 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
486 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
487 differences between those included in the port and those included in
488 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
489 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
490 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
493 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
494 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
498 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
499 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
500 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
501 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
502 add superio to the set.
505 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
506 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
509 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
510 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
511 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
512 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
513 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
514 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
515 completely in the future.
518 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
519 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
520 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
521 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
522 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
523 will be removed from the list.
526 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
527 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
528 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
529 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
532 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
533 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
534 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
535 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
538 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
539 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
540 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
541 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
544 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
545 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
546 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
549 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
550 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
551 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
552 your scripts, because they had no effect.
554 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
555 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
556 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
557 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
558 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
561 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
562 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
563 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
564 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
565 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
566 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
567 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
570 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
571 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
572 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
573 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
576 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
577 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
578 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
579 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
582 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
583 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
584 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
587 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
588 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
589 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
590 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
591 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
592 avoid running into the limit.
595 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
596 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
599 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
600 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
601 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
602 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
603 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
604 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
607 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
608 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
611 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
612 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
613 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
614 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
615 availability properties.
617 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
618 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
619 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
620 initial condition, if desired.
622 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
623 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
625 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
626 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
627 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
628 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
631 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
632 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
633 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
634 therefore unblocked).
637 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
638 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
639 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
640 is added to the command line.
641 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
642 not affected and should continue to work.
645 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
646 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
647 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
648 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
651 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
652 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
653 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
657 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
658 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
662 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
663 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
664 migrating to the drm ports.
667 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
668 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
669 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
670 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
671 is loaded automatically.
674 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
675 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
676 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
680 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
681 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
682 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
683 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
686 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
687 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
688 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
689 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
690 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
694 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
695 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
696 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
698 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
699 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
701 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
702 removed from the mips port.
705 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
706 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
707 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
711 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
712 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
715 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
716 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
717 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
718 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
721 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
722 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
723 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
726 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
727 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
728 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
732 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
733 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
734 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
736 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
737 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
738 being included using the command:
742 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
743 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
746 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
747 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
748 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
749 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
750 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
751 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
752 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
753 that as you will get better support.
755 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
756 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
757 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
758 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
760 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
761 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
762 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
763 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
767 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
768 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
769 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
770 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
771 be adjusted as necessary.
774 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
775 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
776 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
777 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
780 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
781 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
782 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
783 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
787 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
788 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
789 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
790 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
794 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
795 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
796 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
797 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
798 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
799 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
802 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
803 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
804 default since FreeBSD-11.
807 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
808 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
809 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
812 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
813 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
814 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
815 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
816 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
817 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
818 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
820 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
821 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
824 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
825 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
826 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
827 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
828 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
829 may not be observed in a future release.
832 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
833 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
837 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
838 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
839 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
840 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
843 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
844 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
845 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
846 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
850 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
851 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
852 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
855 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
856 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
857 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
858 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
859 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
862 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
863 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
864 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
865 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
866 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
867 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
870 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
871 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
872 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
876 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
877 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
878 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
881 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
882 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
883 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
884 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
885 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
886 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
887 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
888 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
889 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
890 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
894 Big endian arm support has been removed.
897 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
898 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
899 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
900 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
901 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
904 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
905 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
906 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
907 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
908 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
909 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
912 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
913 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
916 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
917 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
918 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
919 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
920 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
921 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
922 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
925 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
926 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
927 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
931 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
932 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
933 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
937 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
938 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
941 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
942 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
946 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
947 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
948 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
949 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
952 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
953 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
954 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
958 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
959 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
960 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
964 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
965 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
966 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
967 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
968 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
969 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
972 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
973 workaround is necessary.
976 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
977 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
978 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
979 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
982 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
983 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
984 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
985 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
986 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
989 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
990 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
991 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
992 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
995 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
996 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
997 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1001 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
1002 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1006 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
1007 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1011 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1012 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1013 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1014 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1015 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1017 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1018 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1019 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1020 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1021 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1022 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1023 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1025 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1026 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1029 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1032 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1033 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1034 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1036 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1038 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1039 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1040 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1041 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1042 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1043 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1044 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1046 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1050 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1051 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1052 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1055 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1056 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1057 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1058 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1059 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1060 should be as simple as:
1062 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1063 $ make depend all install
1066 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1067 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1068 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1069 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1070 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1071 provisions for backup boot methods.
1074 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1075 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1076 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1080 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1081 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1082 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1086 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1087 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1088 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1090 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1091 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1094 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1095 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1096 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1097 remove it from kernel config files.
1100 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1101 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1102 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1104 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1105 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1108 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1109 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1110 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1111 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1114 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1115 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1118 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1119 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1120 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1121 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1124 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1125 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1126 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1127 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1128 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1129 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1132 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1133 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1134 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1137 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1138 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1139 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1140 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1141 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1144 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1145 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1146 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1147 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1148 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1152 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1153 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1154 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1155 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1156 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1157 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1158 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1159 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1160 than hardcoding paths.
1163 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1164 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1165 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1168 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1169 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1170 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1171 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1174 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1175 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1178 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1179 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1180 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1181 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1184 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1185 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1186 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1187 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1188 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1191 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1192 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1193 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1194 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1198 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1199 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1200 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1201 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1202 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1205 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1206 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1209 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1210 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1214 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1215 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1219 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1220 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1221 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1222 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1224 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1225 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1226 sandbox if successful.
1228 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1229 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1230 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1231 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1232 an unprivileged user.
1235 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1236 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1237 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1238 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1239 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1240 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1241 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1242 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1243 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1244 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1245 to which you should answer yes.
1248 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1249 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1250 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1251 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1252 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1255 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1256 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1257 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1260 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1261 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1264 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1265 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1266 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1267 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1268 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1269 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1270 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1273 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1274 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1275 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1276 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1277 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1278 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1281 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1282 if you require the GPL compiler.
1285 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1286 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1287 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1290 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1291 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1292 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1296 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1297 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1298 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1299 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1300 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1301 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1304 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1305 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1306 which only require one chipset support.
1308 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1312 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1313 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1314 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1316 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1317 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1320 * load the chip modules in question
1321 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1323 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1324 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1326 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1329 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1330 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1331 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1333 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1334 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1335 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1337 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1338 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1339 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1340 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1341 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1342 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1343 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1344 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1347 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1348 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1349 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1352 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1353 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1354 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1357 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1358 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1359 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1360 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1361 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1362 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1363 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1366 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1367 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1368 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1369 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1372 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1373 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1374 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1377 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1378 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1379 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1382 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1383 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1385 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1386 via one of the following methods:
1387 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1388 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1389 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1390 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1392 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1395 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1396 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1397 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1398 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1402 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1403 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1404 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1405 be prefixed with colon.
1408 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1409 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1410 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1413 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1414 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1415 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1418 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1419 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1420 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1424 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1428 MCA bus support has been removed.
1431 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1432 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1435 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1436 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1439 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1440 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1441 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1445 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1446 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1447 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1450 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1451 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1452 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1455 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1456 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1457 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1460 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1461 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1462 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1463 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1466 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1467 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1469 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1470 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1473 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1474 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1475 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1479 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1480 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1481 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1484 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1485 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1488 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1489 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1490 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1491 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1494 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1495 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1496 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1497 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1498 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1501 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1504 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1505 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1506 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1507 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1510 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1511 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1512 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1516 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1517 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1518 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1519 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1520 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1524 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1525 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1528 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1531 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1532 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1533 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1534 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1535 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1536 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1540 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1541 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1542 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1543 previously contained a line like
1544 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1545 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1546 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1550 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1551 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1552 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1553 built with the old headers.
1556 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1557 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1558 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1559 installing a new libc.
1562 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1563 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1564 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1565 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1566 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1567 packages will be needed.
1569 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1570 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1571 and the install steps.
1574 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1575 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1576 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1577 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1578 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1579 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1582 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1583 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1584 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1585 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1586 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1588 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1589 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1590 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1591 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1592 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1594 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1595 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1596 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1597 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1598 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1599 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1602 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1603 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1604 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1605 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1606 quirks entry to 0x3.
1609 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1610 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1611 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1614 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1615 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1618 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1619 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1620 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1621 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1622 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1623 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1624 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1625 stale .depend files.
1628 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1629 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1630 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1634 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1635 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1636 make -C sys/boot install
1637 <reboot in single user>
1639 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1643 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1644 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1645 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1648 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1649 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1650 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1651 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1652 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1653 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1656 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1657 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1658 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1659 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1660 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1663 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1664 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1665 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1666 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1667 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1670 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1671 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1674 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1675 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1676 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1679 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1680 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1681 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1685 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1686 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1687 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1688 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1689 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1690 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1693 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1694 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1695 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1696 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1700 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1701 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1702 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1705 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1706 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1707 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1709 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1710 collation results will be different.
1712 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1713 locales before running make installworld.
1715 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1718 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1719 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1722 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1723 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1724 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1727 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1728 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1729 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1730 and 'make -N' will not.
1733 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1734 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1735 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1736 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1737 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1738 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1739 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1740 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1743 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1744 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1745 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1746 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1749 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1750 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1751 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1754 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1755 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1756 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1757 userland debug files.
1759 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1760 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1761 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1763 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1764 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1767 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1768 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1769 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1770 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1771 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1772 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1775 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1776 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1777 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1780 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1781 them, the kernel must have
1784 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1786 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1787 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1788 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1789 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1791 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1792 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1795 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1796 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1797 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1800 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1801 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1802 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1803 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1805 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1806 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1807 difference with this change.
1809 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1810 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1811 remove that workaround.
1814 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1815 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1816 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1819 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1822 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1823 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1824 loader.rc.local instead.
1827 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1828 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1829 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1832 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1833 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1834 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1836 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1837 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1840 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1841 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1842 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1843 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1844 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1845 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1846 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1847 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1848 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1849 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1850 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1851 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1854 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1855 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1857 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1858 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1859 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1861 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1862 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1864 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1865 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1866 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1868 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1869 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1870 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1871 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1873 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1874 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1875 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1876 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1878 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1879 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1880 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1881 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1882 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1883 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1884 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1885 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1889 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1890 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1893 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1894 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1897 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1898 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1899 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1900 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1901 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1904 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1905 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1906 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1907 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1910 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1911 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1912 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1913 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1914 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1915 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1916 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1918 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1919 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1920 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1921 replace it with '2'.
1922 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1923 a file path, create a new file with:
1924 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1925 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1926 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1927 5. Restart sendmail:
1928 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1930 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1934 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1935 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1936 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1937 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1940 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1943 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1944 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1945 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1948 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1949 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1952 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1953 same but content is different now
1954 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1955 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1956 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1957 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1958 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1961 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1962 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1963 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1966 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1967 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1970 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1971 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1974 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1975 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1976 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1979 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1980 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1981 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1982 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1985 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1986 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1987 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1990 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1991 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1992 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1993 kernel before rebooting.
1996 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1997 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1998 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1999 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
2000 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
2001 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
2004 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
2005 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
2006 with the new kernel.
2009 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2010 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
2011 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2014 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
2015 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
2016 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2017 are not already using 3.5.0.
2020 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2021 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2022 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2023 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2024 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2027 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2028 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2029 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2030 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2033 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2034 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2037 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2039 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2040 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2041 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2042 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2043 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2044 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2047 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2048 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2051 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2052 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2053 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2054 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2056 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2057 the instructions for 9.x above.
2059 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2060 default, and do not build clang.
2062 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2063 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2064 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2066 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2067 the following are most likely to appear:
2071 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2072 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2073 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2074 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2075 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2076 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2077 cast, or disable the warning.
2079 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2080 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2081 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2082 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2085 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2086 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2088 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2089 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2090 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2091 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2093 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2094 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2095 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2096 unreachable could be optimized away.
2099 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2100 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2101 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2102 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2103 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2104 the utilities will report errors.
2107 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2108 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2109 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2110 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2111 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2115 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2116 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2119 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2120 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2121 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2124 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2125 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2126 indicate what you need to do.
2128 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2129 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2130 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2132 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2133 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2137 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2138 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2142 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2143 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2147 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2151 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2152 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2153 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2154 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2155 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2156 their next update cycle.
2159 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2160 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2161 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2162 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2166 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2167 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2170 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2171 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2172 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2173 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2174 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2178 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2179 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2181 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2184 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2185 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2186 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2187 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2191 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2192 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2196 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2197 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2198 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2199 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2200 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2203 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2204 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2205 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2208 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2209 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2210 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2213 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2214 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2215 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2216 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2217 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2218 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2219 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2220 "make installworld".
2222 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2223 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2224 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2227 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2228 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2229 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2230 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2231 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2234 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2237 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2238 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2242 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2243 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2244 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2245 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2246 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2247 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2248 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2249 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2250 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2251 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2252 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2253 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2255 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2256 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2257 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2261 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2262 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2265 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2266 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2267 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2268 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2269 build hosts for older releases.
2271 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2272 r276991, respectively.
2275 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2276 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2277 will silently lack HESIOD.
2280 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2281 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2282 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2283 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2284 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2285 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2286 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2287 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2288 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2289 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2290 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2291 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2294 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2295 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2296 with command line option -W.
2299 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2300 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2301 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2302 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2303 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2306 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2309 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2310 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2313 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2314 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2315 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2316 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2317 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2320 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2321 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2322 kernel is still highly recommended.
2325 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2326 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2327 capability mode support in kernel.
2330 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2331 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2332 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2333 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2334 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2337 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2338 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2339 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2340 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2341 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2342 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2345 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2346 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2347 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2348 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2349 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2350 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2351 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2352 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2353 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2356 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2357 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2358 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2359 should change your settings to use the latter.
2362 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2363 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2364 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2365 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2366 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2369 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2370 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2371 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2373 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2375 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2378 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2385 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2386 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2387 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2388 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2389 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2390 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2391 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2392 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2394 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2395 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2396 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2397 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2398 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2399 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2400 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2401 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2404 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2405 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2406 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2407 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2410 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2411 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2412 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2413 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2415 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2416 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2417 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2418 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2419 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2420 should write them with this in mind.
2424 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2427 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2428 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2430 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2432 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2433 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2434 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2435 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2438 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2442 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2443 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2444 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2446 make kernel-toolchain
2447 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2448 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2450 To test a kernel once
2451 ---------------------
2452 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2453 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2454 debugging information) run
2455 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2456 nextboot -k testkernel
2458 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2459 -----------------------------------------------------------
2460 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2461 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2463 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2465 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2466 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2468 <reboot in single user> [3]
2475 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2476 --------------------------------------------------
2477 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2478 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2479 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2482 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2485 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2486 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2487 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2488 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2489 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2490 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2491 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2492 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2493 <reboot into current>
2494 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2495 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2499 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2500 ----------------------------------------------
2501 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2503 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2504 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2506 <reboot in single user> [3]
2513 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2514 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2515 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2516 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2517 the UPDATING entries.
2519 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2520 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2521 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2522 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2523 much fewer pitfalls.
2525 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2526 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2527 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2528 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2529 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2530 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2531 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2532 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2534 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2536 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2540 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2541 cd src # full path to source
2542 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2543 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2544 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2546 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2547 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2548 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2549 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2550 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2551 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2552 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2554 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2555 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2556 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2557 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2558 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2559 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2561 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2562 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2563 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2565 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2566 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2567 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2568 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2569 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2570 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2571 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2572 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2574 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2575 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2576 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2579 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2580 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2581 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2583 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2584 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2585 warn if it is improperly defined.
2588 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2589 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2590 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2591 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2592 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2594 Copyright information:
2596 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2598 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2599 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2600 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2602 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2603 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2604 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2605 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2606 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2607 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2608 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2609 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2610 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2611 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2612 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2614 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob