1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance.
25 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
26 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
27 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
28 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
31 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
32 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
33 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
34 the IPv4 network stack.
36 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
37 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
40 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
41 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
42 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
43 updated to reflect this.
45 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
46 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
50 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
51 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
52 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
53 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
54 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
55 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
56 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
57 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
58 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
59 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
63 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
64 function and starts providing an account management function.
65 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
66 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
67 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
69 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
71 and change it according to this example:
73 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
75 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
76 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
77 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
78 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
81 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
82 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
83 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
84 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
87 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
88 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
89 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
90 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
91 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
92 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
96 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
97 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
98 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
99 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
100 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
101 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
102 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
104 The default threading library has been changed to libthr. If
105 you wish to have libpthread as your default, use option
106 DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libpthread for the buildworld.
109 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
110 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
111 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
112 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
115 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
116 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
119 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
120 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
121 base operating system should be recompiled.
124 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
125 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
126 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
127 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
128 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
131 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
132 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
133 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
134 deprecated in previous releases.
135 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
136 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
139 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
140 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
141 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
143 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
146 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
147 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
148 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
149 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
152 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
153 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
154 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
155 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
156 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
157 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
158 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
159 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
160 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
163 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
164 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
165 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
166 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
170 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
171 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
172 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
174 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
175 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
176 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
179 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
180 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
181 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
182 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
183 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
187 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
188 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
189 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
190 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
191 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
194 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
195 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
196 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
197 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
200 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
201 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
202 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
203 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
207 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
208 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
209 with exceptions of followings:
210 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
211 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
212 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
213 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
214 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
215 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
216 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
217 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
220 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
221 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
222 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
223 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
224 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
225 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
226 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
229 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
230 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
231 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
232 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
233 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
236 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
237 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
238 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
239 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
240 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
243 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
244 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
245 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
246 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
247 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
248 added to 'struct proc'.
251 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
254 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
255 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
256 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
257 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
258 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
261 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
264 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
265 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
266 systat needs to be rebuilt.
269 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
272 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
273 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
274 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
277 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
278 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
279 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
280 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
281 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
284 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
285 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
286 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
287 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
290 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
291 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
295 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
296 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
297 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
298 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
299 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
302 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
303 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
304 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
305 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
306 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
307 `make installworld' with:
309 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
311 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
312 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
313 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
314 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
317 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
318 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
319 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
320 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
324 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
325 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
326 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
327 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
328 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
329 implements the interface to support it.
332 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
333 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
334 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
335 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
339 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
340 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
341 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
342 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
343 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
344 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
345 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
346 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
347 likely follow. Posting to current@:
349 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
352 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
353 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
356 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
357 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
358 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
359 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
363 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
364 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
365 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
368 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
369 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
372 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
373 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
374 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
375 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
376 on your next install.
377 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
378 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
379 to your /etc/make.conf.
382 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
383 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
384 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
387 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
388 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
389 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
392 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
393 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
396 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
397 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
398 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
399 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
402 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
403 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
404 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
407 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
408 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
409 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
413 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
414 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
415 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
416 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
417 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
418 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
419 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
420 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
423 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
424 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
425 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
428 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
429 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
432 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
433 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
436 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
437 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
438 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
441 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
442 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
443 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
444 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
445 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
446 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
450 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
451 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
454 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
455 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
458 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
459 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
460 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
461 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
465 RELENG_6 branched here.
468 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
469 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
470 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
471 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
472 removable_interfaces.
475 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
476 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
477 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
478 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
479 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
480 affect existing configurations.
483 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
484 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
485 updated to the new APIs.
488 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
489 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
490 will not behave correctly.
492 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
493 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
494 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
497 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
498 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
499 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
500 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
501 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
503 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
504 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
508 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
509 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
512 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
513 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
514 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
515 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
516 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
517 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
518 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
521 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
522 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
523 fail after this date. For full details, please see
524 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
527 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
528 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
529 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
532 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
533 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
534 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
538 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
539 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
540 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
541 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
544 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
545 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
546 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
547 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
548 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
552 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
553 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
556 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
557 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
561 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
562 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
563 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
566 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
567 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
568 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
569 if you have updated the kernel.
571 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
572 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
573 mounting the new volume.
576 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
577 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
578 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
579 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
582 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
583 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
586 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
587 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
588 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
589 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
590 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
591 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
594 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
595 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
596 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
597 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
598 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
601 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
602 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
603 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
604 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
605 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
606 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
607 and wlan_xauth as required.
610 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
611 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
612 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
613 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
617 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
618 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
619 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
620 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
621 the module when a wep key is configured).
624 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
625 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
626 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
629 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
630 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
633 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
634 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
635 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
636 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
637 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
638 their /etc/rc scripts.
641 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
644 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
645 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
646 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
649 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
650 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
651 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
654 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
655 in the RELENG_5 branch.
661 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
662 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
663 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
664 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
665 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
666 on the -current branch).
668 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
669 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
670 environment when searching for values for global variables.
671 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
672 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
673 page for more details.
675 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
676 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
677 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
678 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
679 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
684 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
685 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
686 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
688 make kernel-toolchain
689 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
690 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
692 To test a kernel once
693 ---------------------
694 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
695 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
696 debugging information) run
697 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
698 nextboot -k testkernel
700 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
701 --------------------------------------------------------------
702 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
703 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
704 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
706 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
707 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
708 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
713 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
715 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
716 -----------------------------------------------------------
717 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
718 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
720 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
722 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
724 <reboot in single user> [3]
732 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
733 --------------------------------------------------
734 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
735 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
736 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
739 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
742 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
743 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
744 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
745 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
746 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
747 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
748 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
749 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
750 <reboot into current>
751 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
752 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
756 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
757 ----------------------------------------------
758 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
760 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
762 <reboot in single user> [3]
769 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
770 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
771 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
772 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
773 the UPDATING entries.
775 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
776 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
777 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
778 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
781 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
782 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
785 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
790 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
791 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
792 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
794 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
795 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
796 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
797 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
798 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
799 for potential gotchas.
801 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
802 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
803 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
804 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
805 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
806 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
808 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
809 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
810 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
811 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
812 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
814 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
815 last time you updated your kernel config file.
817 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
818 cvs prune empty directories.
820 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
821 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
822 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
824 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
825 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
826 warn if it is improperly defined.
829 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
830 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
831 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
832 previous releases if your system is older than this.
834 Copyright information:
836 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
838 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
839 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
840 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
842 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
843 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
844 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
845 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
846 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
847 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
848 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
849 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
850 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
851 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
852 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
854 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
857 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of