1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run
23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
26 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
27 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
30 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
31 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
35 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
36 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
38 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
41 For those who use ipfw and especially pf, those two firewalls
42 are now started BEFORE the network is initialized (i.e., before
43 rc.d/netif). Please review your rules to make sure that your
44 interfaces will be properly described.
47 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
51 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
52 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
55 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
57 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
60 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
61 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
62 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
63 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
64 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
65 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
68 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
69 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
72 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
74 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
77 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
78 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
79 data to /etc/localtime.
82 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
83 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
86 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
87 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
88 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
89 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
90 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
91 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
94 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
95 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
96 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
97 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
98 correctly checking networking state from userland.
99 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
102 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
103 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
104 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
105 follows the IPv4 implementation.
107 For kernel developers:
109 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
110 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
111 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
113 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
114 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
115 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
116 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
118 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
119 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
120 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
121 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
122 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
123 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
124 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
125 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
126 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
127 multicast membership on-link.
128 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
129 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
130 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
132 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
133 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
135 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
136 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
139 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
140 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
141 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
142 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
144 For application developers:
146 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
149 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
150 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
152 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
153 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
154 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
155 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
157 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
158 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
159 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
160 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
161 Multicast Source Filters'.
163 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
165 For systems administrators:
167 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
168 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
169 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
170 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
171 returned by getifaddrs(3).
173 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
174 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
176 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
177 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
178 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
179 recommended for optimal system performance.
181 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
182 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
183 back forwarded datagrams.
185 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
188 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
189 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
192 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
193 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
194 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
195 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
198 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
199 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
200 state will require a world rebuild.
201 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
204 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
205 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
206 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
209 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
210 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
211 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
212 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
214 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
217 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
218 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
219 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
220 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
221 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
222 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
223 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
224 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
227 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
228 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
229 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
232 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
233 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
234 introduces some changes:
236 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
237 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
238 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
240 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
241 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
242 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
243 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
245 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
246 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
247 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
250 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
253 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
254 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
258 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
259 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
260 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
261 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
262 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
265 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
266 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
267 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
268 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
272 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
273 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
274 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
275 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
278 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
279 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
282 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
283 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
285 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
286 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
287 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
289 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
290 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
291 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
292 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
293 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
294 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
295 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
296 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
298 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
299 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
300 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
301 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
302 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
303 to preserve the existing behaviour.
305 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
306 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
307 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
308 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
309 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
311 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
312 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
313 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
316 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
317 recompiled to reflect this.
318 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
321 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
322 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
323 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
324 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
325 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
326 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
329 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
330 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
331 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
332 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
333 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
334 raised to allow such segments to be created.
337 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
338 network device driver modules.
341 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
342 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
345 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
346 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
347 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
348 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
349 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
353 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
354 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
355 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
359 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
360 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
362 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
363 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
364 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
367 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
368 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
369 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
370 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
371 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
372 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
374 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
375 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
377 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
378 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
381 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
382 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
383 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
384 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
388 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
389 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
392 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
393 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
394 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
395 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
396 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
397 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
400 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
401 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
402 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
403 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
406 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
407 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
408 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
409 in next mpd5.3 release.
412 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
413 the base system (it was a port).
416 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
417 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
420 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
421 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
422 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
423 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
424 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
425 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
426 none of the L2 information.
429 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
430 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
432 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
434 to their kernel config files when specifying:
438 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
439 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
440 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
441 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
444 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
445 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
446 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
447 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
448 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
452 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
453 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
454 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
455 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
458 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
461 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
462 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
463 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
464 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
465 controller add the following to loader.conf:
471 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
472 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
476 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
477 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
478 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
479 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
480 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
483 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
489 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
491 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
492 cause compilation to fail.
495 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
498 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
500 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
501 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
502 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
503 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
504 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
505 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
506 accepting the RSA key.
508 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
509 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
512 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
513 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
514 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
518 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
519 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
520 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
522 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
523 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
524 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
525 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
526 use the new device names.
528 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
529 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
530 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
531 at the loader prompt:
533 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
534 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
535 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
536 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
540 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
544 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
545 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
546 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
547 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
550 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
551 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
554 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
555 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
556 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
557 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
558 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
561 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
562 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
563 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
564 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
566 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
569 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
570 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
571 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
572 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
574 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
575 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
576 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
579 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
580 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
581 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
582 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
583 other operation levels.
586 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
587 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
588 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
589 compatibility with any prior release:
591 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
592 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
593 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
596 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
597 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
598 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
599 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
600 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
604 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
605 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
606 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
607 with older hardware easier to do.
610 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
611 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
614 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
615 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
616 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
620 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
624 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
625 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
626 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
627 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
628 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
629 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
630 third-party software might fail to build after this change
631 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
632 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
633 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
634 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
635 case that a portable fix is impossible.
638 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
639 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
640 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
643 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
644 functionality is the default now.
647 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
648 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
649 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
650 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
651 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
653 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
654 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
655 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
658 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
659 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
660 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
661 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
662 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
663 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
664 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
665 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
666 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
667 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
671 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
672 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
674 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
675 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
676 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
682 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
683 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
686 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
687 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
688 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
689 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
690 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
693 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
694 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
695 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
696 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
700 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
701 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
702 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
705 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
706 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
707 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
710 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
711 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
712 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
713 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
714 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
717 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
718 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
719 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
720 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
721 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
722 will change after some settling time.
725 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
726 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
730 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
731 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
735 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
736 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
737 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
738 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
741 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
742 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
743 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
744 the IPv4 network stack.
746 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
747 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
748 has now been removed.
750 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
751 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
752 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
753 updated to reflect this.
755 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
756 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
760 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
761 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
762 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
763 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
764 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
765 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
766 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
767 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
768 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
769 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
773 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
774 function and starts providing an account management function.
775 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
776 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
777 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
779 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
781 and change it according to this example:
783 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
785 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
786 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
787 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
788 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
791 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
792 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
793 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
794 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
797 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
798 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
799 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
800 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
801 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
802 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
806 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
807 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
808 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
809 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
810 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
811 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
812 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
814 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
815 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
816 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
819 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
820 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
821 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
822 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
825 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
826 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
829 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
830 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
831 base operating system should be recompiled.
834 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
835 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
836 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
837 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
838 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
841 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
842 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
843 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
844 deprecated in previous releases.
845 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
846 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
849 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
850 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
851 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
853 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
856 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
857 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
858 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
859 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
862 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
863 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
864 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
865 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
866 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
867 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
868 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
869 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
870 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
873 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
874 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
875 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
876 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
880 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
881 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
882 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
884 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
885 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
886 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
889 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
890 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
891 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
892 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
893 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
897 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
898 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
899 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
900 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
901 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
904 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
905 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
906 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
907 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
910 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
911 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
912 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
913 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
917 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
918 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
919 with exceptions of followings:
920 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
921 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
922 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
923 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
924 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
925 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
926 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
927 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
930 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
931 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
932 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
933 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
934 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
935 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
937 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
939 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
940 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
941 the array the same way you built it originally.
944 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
945 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
946 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
947 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
948 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
949 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
950 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
953 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
954 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
955 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
956 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
957 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
960 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
961 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
962 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
963 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
964 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
967 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
968 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
969 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
970 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
971 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
972 added to 'struct proc'.
975 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
978 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
979 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
980 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
981 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
982 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
985 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
988 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
989 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
990 systat needs to be rebuilt.
993 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
996 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
997 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
998 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1001 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1002 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1003 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1004 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1005 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1008 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1009 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1010 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1011 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1014 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1015 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1019 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1020 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1021 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1022 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1023 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1026 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1027 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1028 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1029 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1030 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1031 `make installworld' with:
1033 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1035 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1036 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1037 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1038 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1041 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1042 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1043 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1044 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1048 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1049 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1050 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1051 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1052 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1053 implements the interface to support it.
1056 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1057 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1058 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1059 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1063 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1064 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1065 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1066 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1067 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1068 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1069 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1070 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1071 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1073 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1076 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1077 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1080 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1081 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1082 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1083 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1087 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1088 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1089 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1092 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1093 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1096 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1097 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1098 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1099 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1100 on your next install.
1101 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1102 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1103 to your /etc/make.conf.
1106 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1107 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1108 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1111 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1112 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1113 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1116 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1117 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1120 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1121 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1122 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1123 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1126 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1127 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1128 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1131 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1132 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1133 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1137 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1138 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1139 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1140 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1141 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1142 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1143 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1144 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1147 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1148 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1149 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1152 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1153 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1156 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1157 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1160 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1161 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1162 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1165 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1166 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1167 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1168 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1169 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1170 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1174 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1175 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1178 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1179 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1182 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1183 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1184 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1185 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1189 RELENG_6 branched here.
1192 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1193 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1194 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1195 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1196 removable_interfaces.
1199 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1200 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1201 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1202 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1203 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1204 affect existing configurations.
1207 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1208 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1209 updated to the new APIs.
1212 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1213 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1214 will not behave correctly.
1216 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1217 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1218 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1221 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1222 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1223 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1224 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1225 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1227 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1228 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1232 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1233 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1236 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1237 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1238 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1239 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1240 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1241 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1242 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1245 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1246 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1247 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1248 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1251 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1252 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1253 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1256 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1257 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1258 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1262 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1263 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1264 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1265 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1268 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1269 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1270 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1271 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1272 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1273 none at this point.)
1276 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1277 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1280 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1281 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1282 with the new kernel.
1285 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1286 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1287 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1290 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1291 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1292 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1293 if you have updated the kernel.
1295 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1296 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1297 mounting the new volume.
1300 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1301 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1302 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1303 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1306 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1307 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1310 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1311 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1312 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1313 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1314 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1315 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1318 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1319 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1320 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1321 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1322 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1325 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1326 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1327 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1328 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1329 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1330 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1331 and wlan_xauth as required.
1334 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1335 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1336 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1337 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1341 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1342 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1343 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1344 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1345 the module when a wep key is configured).
1348 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1349 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1350 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1353 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1354 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1357 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1358 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1359 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1360 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1361 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1362 their /etc/rc scripts.
1365 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1368 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1369 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1370 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1373 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1374 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1375 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1378 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1379 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1385 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1386 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1387 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1388 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1389 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1390 on the -current branch).
1392 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1393 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1394 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1395 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1396 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1397 page for more details.
1399 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1400 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1401 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1402 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1403 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1408 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1409 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1410 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1412 make kernel-toolchain
1413 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1414 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1416 To test a kernel once
1417 ---------------------
1418 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1419 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1420 debugging information) run
1421 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1422 nextboot -k testkernel
1424 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1425 --------------------------------------------------------------
1426 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1427 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1428 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1430 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1431 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1432 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1437 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1439 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1440 -----------------------------------------------------------
1441 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1442 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1444 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1446 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1448 <reboot in single user> [3]
1456 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1457 --------------------------------------------------
1458 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1459 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1460 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1463 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1466 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1467 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1468 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1469 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1470 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1471 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1472 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1473 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1474 <reboot into current>
1475 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1476 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1480 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1481 ----------------------------------------------
1482 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1484 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1486 <reboot in single user> [3]
1493 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1494 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1495 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1496 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1497 the UPDATING entries.
1499 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1500 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1501 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1502 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1503 much fewer pitfalls.
1505 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1506 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1509 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1514 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1515 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1516 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1518 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1519 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1520 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1521 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1522 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1523 for potential gotchas.
1525 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1526 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1527 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1528 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1529 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1530 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1532 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1533 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1534 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1535 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1536 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1538 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1539 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1541 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1542 cvs prune empty directories.
1544 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1545 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1546 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1548 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1549 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1550 warn if it is improperly defined.
1553 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1554 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1555 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1556 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1558 Copyright information:
1560 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1562 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1563 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1564 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1566 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1567 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1568 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1569 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1570 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1571 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1572 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1573 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1574 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1575 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1576 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1578 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1581 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of