1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
16 13.1-RELEASE-p8 FreeBSD-EN-23:05.tzdata
17 FreeBSD-EN-23:06.loader
19 FreeBSD-SA-23:04.pam_krb5
21 Timezone database information update [EN-23:05.tzdata]
23 x86 kernel console configuration [EN-23:06.loader]
25 Fix mpr(4) failure to initialize devices [EN-23:07.mpr]
27 Fix network authentication attack via pam_krb5 [SA-23:04.pam_krb5]
30 13.1-RELEASE-p7 FreeBSD-SA-23:03.openssl
32 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities [SA-23:03.openssl]
35 13.1-RELEASE-p6 FreeBSD-SA-23:01.geli
36 FreeBSD-EN-23:01.tzdata
37 FreeBSD-EN-23:02.sdhci
39 FreeBSD-EN-23:04.ixgbe
41 Fix GELI silently omits the keyfile if read from stdin [SA-23:01.geli]
43 Timezone database information update [EN-23:01.tzdata]
45 Fix sdhci(4) broken write-protect settings [EN-23:02.sdhci]
47 Fix ena driver crash after reset in 7th gen AWS instance types [EN-23:03.ena]
49 Fix ixgbe incorrectly reporting input errors for 82599ES [EN-23:04.ixgbe]
51 13.1-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-SA-22:15.ping
52 FreeBSD-EN-22:28.heimdal
54 Stack overflow in ping [SA-22:15.ping]
56 Regression in Heimdal KDC [EN-22:28.heimdal]
59 13.1-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-SA-22:14.heimdal
61 Multiple vulnerabilities in Heimdal [SA-22:14.heimdal]
64 13.1-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-22:21.zfs
65 FreeBSD-EN-22:22.tzdata
70 FreeBSD-EN-22:27.loader
72 ZFS B-Tree use-after-free [EN-22:21.zfs]
74 Timezone database information update [EN-22:22.tzdata]
76 Memory pages become unreclaimable [EN-22:23.vm]
78 ZFS snapshot directories not accessible over NFS [EN-22:24.zfs]
80 Possible data corruption with TCP SACK retransmissions [EN-22:25.tcp]
82 CAM ioctl(2) compatibility breakage [EN-22:26.cam]
84 UEFI loader failing to boot older amd64 kernels [EN-22:27.loader]
87 13.1-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib
88 FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata
90 zlib heap buffer overflow [SA-22:13.zlib]
92 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
95 13.1-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf
97 FreeBSD-SA-22:12.lib9p
98 FreeBSD-EN-22:16.kqueue
100 FreeBSD-EN-22:19.pam_exec
102 Out of bounds read in elf_not_prpsinfo() [SA-22:09.elf]
104 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-22:11.vm]
106 Missing bounds check in 9p message handling [SA-22:12.lib9p]
108 kevent(2) timers fire too often [EN-22:16.kqueue]
110 Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery [EN-22:17.cam]
112 NULL pointer dereference in pam_exec(8) [EN-22:19.pam_exec]
118 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
119 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be
120 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required.
123 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
124 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
125 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
126 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1300524 to
130 Commit 18f5b477ee66 adds two arguments to VOP_ALLOCATE().
131 Normally changes to VOP calls are not MFC'd, but a
132 discussion on freebsd-current@ seemed to agree that
133 it was acceptable in this case, to fix the NFSv4.2 server.
134 Any out of source tree file system with a custom
135 VOP_ALLOCATE() call will need to be modified.
136 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300523 since the NFS modules need
137 to be rebuilt from sources.
140 Commit 6e8e261f0d4e changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
141 modules. As such, all the modules must be rebuilt from sources.
142 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1300522.
145 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300521 after merging LinuxKPI and
146 net80211 changes in order to support building various wireless
147 drivers. This is to help other external consumers of LinuxKPI
148 and net80211 to deal accordingly.
151 Commit a599f9f7620b deleted the variable called nfs_maxcopyrange
152 from nfscommon.ko, since it no longer needs to be global. As such,
153 the other nfs modules must be rebuilt from up to date sources.
154 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300516 for this.
157 As of commit 622809b0868f OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
158 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
159 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom
160 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
161 application-specific configuration option for applications
162 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
165 Commits 9fb6e613373c and 9ec7dbf46b0a both changed the internal
166 KAPI between the NFS modules. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300514.
167 All NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources.
170 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
171 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
172 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
173 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
176 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1300512 after merging LinuxKPI, OFED,
177 net80211, and driver changes in order to support building
178 Intel wireless iwlwifi drivers. This is especially needed for
179 drm-kmod which needs updates after this.
182 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
183 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
184 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
185 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
186 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
187 to update your sources past the above hash and do
190 % sudo -E make install
191 to enable building kernels again.
194 Commit 8a04edfdcbd2 changes the default minor version
195 used for NFSv4 mounts to the highest minor version supported
196 by the NFSv4 server. This default can be overridden by using
197 the "minorversion" mount option.
198 The consensus of a discussion on freebsd-current@ indicated
199 that this would be acceptable to do and would not be considered
203 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
204 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
207 Commit ca179c4d74f2/632e3f2f3a66 changed the package in which
208 the OpenSSL libraries and utilities are packaged.
209 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
210 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
211 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
212 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
216 Commit 841006678745 changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
217 and nfsd modules. As such, they must both be rebuilt from
219 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1300510.
222 Commit 272f39942254 changed the internal KAPI between the
223 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
224 rebuilt from sources.
227 Commit 5a45802b3c8c changed the internal KAPI between
228 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
229 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
230 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
231 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
232 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
235 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
236 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
240 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
243 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
244 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
245 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
246 since it was bumped so recently.
249 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
250 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
251 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
252 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
255 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
256 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
257 requires a clean build.
260 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
261 instructions can be found at
262 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
263 and other documents in that repo.
266 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
267 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
268 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
269 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
272 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
273 may be installed from ports or packages.
276 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
277 See ping(8) for details.
280 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
281 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
282 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
284 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
285 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
286 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
287 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
288 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
291 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
292 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
293 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
294 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
295 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
299 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
300 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
301 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
302 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
304 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
305 command you want to un-auger the tree is
308 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
309 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
312 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
313 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
314 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
315 unless you want to use new features.
317 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
318 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
319 rebuilding world may fail.
321 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
322 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
324 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
325 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
326 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
327 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
330 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
331 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
332 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
333 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
336 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
337 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
341 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
342 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
345 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
346 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
347 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
348 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
351 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
352 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
353 from sources, so a version bump was done.
356 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
357 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
358 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
359 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
362 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
363 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
364 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
365 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
366 continue to function.
368 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
369 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
370 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
371 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
374 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
375 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
376 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
377 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
378 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
379 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
380 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
383 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
384 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
387 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
388 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
389 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
392 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
393 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
394 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
395 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
397 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
398 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
399 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
400 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
404 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
405 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
406 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
407 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
410 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
411 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
414 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
415 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
416 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
417 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
418 be functional without closefrom(2).
421 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
422 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
423 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
424 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
425 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
426 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
429 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
430 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
431 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
432 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
435 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
436 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
437 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
440 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
443 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
444 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
445 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
448 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
449 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
452 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
453 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
454 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
458 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
459 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
463 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
464 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
465 together with their new kernel.
468 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
469 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
470 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
472 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
473 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
476 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
480 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
481 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
482 external toolchain package.
485 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
486 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
487 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
488 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
489 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
492 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
493 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
494 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
495 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
498 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
499 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
500 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
504 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
507 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
508 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
509 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
510 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
513 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
514 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
515 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
518 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
519 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
520 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
521 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
522 differences between those included in the port and those included in
523 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
524 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
525 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
528 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
529 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
533 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
534 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
535 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
536 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
537 add superio to the set.
540 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
541 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
544 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
545 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
546 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
547 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
548 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
549 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
550 completely in the future.
553 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
554 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
555 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
556 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
557 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
558 will be removed from the list.
561 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
562 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
563 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
564 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
567 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
568 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
569 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
570 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
573 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
574 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
575 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
576 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
579 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
580 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
581 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
584 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
585 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
586 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
587 your scripts, because they had no effect.
589 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
590 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
591 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
592 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
593 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
596 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
597 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
598 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
599 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
600 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
601 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
602 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
605 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
606 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
607 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
608 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
611 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
612 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
613 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
614 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
617 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
618 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
619 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
622 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
623 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
624 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
625 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
626 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
627 avoid running into the limit.
630 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
631 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
634 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
635 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
636 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
637 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
638 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
639 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
642 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
643 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
646 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
647 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
648 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
649 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
650 availability properties.
652 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
653 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
654 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
655 initial condition, if desired.
657 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
658 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
660 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
661 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
662 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
663 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
666 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
667 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
668 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
669 therefore unblocked).
672 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
673 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
674 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
675 is added to the command line.
676 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
677 not affected and should continue to work.
680 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
681 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
682 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
683 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
686 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
687 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
688 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
692 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
693 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
697 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
698 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
699 migrating to the drm ports.
702 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
703 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
704 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
705 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
706 is loaded automatically.
709 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
710 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
711 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
715 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
716 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
717 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
718 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
721 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
722 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
723 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
724 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
725 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
729 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
730 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
731 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
733 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
734 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
736 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
737 removed from the mips port.
740 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
741 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
742 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
746 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
747 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
750 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
751 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
752 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
753 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
756 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
757 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
758 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
761 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
762 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
763 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
767 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
768 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
769 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
771 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
772 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
773 being included using the command:
777 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
778 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
781 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
782 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
783 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
784 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
785 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
786 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
787 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
788 that as you will get better support.
790 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
791 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
792 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
793 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
795 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
796 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
797 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
798 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
802 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
803 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
804 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
805 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
806 be adjusted as necessary.
809 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
810 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
811 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
812 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
815 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
816 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
817 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
818 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
822 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
823 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
824 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
825 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
829 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
830 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
831 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
832 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
833 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
834 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
837 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
838 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
839 default since FreeBSD-11.
842 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
843 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
844 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
847 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
848 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
849 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
850 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
851 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
852 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
853 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
855 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
856 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
859 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
860 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
861 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
862 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
863 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
864 may not be observed in a future release.
867 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
868 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
872 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
873 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
874 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
875 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
878 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
879 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
880 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
881 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
885 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
886 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
887 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
890 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
891 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
892 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
893 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
894 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
897 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
898 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
899 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
900 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
901 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
902 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
905 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
906 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
907 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
911 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
912 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
913 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
916 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
917 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
918 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
919 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
920 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
921 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
922 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
923 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
924 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
925 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
929 Big endian arm support has been removed.
932 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
933 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
934 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
935 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
936 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
939 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
940 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
941 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
942 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
943 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
944 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
947 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
948 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
951 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
952 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
953 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
954 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
955 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
956 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
957 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
960 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
961 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
962 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
966 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
967 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
968 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
972 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
973 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
976 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
977 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
981 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
982 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
983 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
984 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
987 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
988 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
989 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
993 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
994 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
995 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
999 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1000 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1001 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1002 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1003 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1004 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1007 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1008 workaround is necessary.
1011 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1012 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
1013 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
1014 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1017 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
1018 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1019 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1020 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1021 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1024 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
1025 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1026 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
1027 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1030 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
1031 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1032 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1036 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
1037 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1041 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
1042 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1046 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1047 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1048 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1049 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1050 microseconds and time zone offsets.
1052 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1053 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1054 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1055 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1056 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1057 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1058 adjustments, depending on the software used.
1060 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1061 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1064 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1067 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1068 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1069 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1071 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1073 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1074 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1075 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1076 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1077 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1078 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1079 thus expected to continue to function as before.
1081 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1085 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1086 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1087 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1090 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1091 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1092 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1093 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1094 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1095 should be as simple as:
1097 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1098 $ make depend all install
1101 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1102 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1103 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1104 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1105 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1106 provisions for backup boot methods.
1109 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1110 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1111 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1115 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1116 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1117 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1121 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1122 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1123 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1125 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1126 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1129 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1130 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1131 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1132 remove it from kernel config files.
1135 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1136 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1137 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1139 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1140 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1143 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1144 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1145 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1146 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1149 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1150 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1153 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1154 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1155 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1156 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1159 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1160 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1161 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1162 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1163 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1164 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1167 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1168 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1169 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1172 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1173 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1174 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1175 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1176 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1179 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1180 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1181 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1182 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1183 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1187 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1188 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1189 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1190 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1191 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1192 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1193 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1194 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1195 than hardcoding paths.
1198 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1199 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1200 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1203 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1204 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1205 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1206 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1209 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1210 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1213 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1214 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1215 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1216 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1219 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1220 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1221 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1222 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1223 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1226 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1227 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1228 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1229 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1233 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1234 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1235 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1236 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1237 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1240 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1241 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1244 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1245 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1249 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1250 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1254 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1255 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1256 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1257 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1259 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1260 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1261 sandbox if successful.
1263 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1264 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1265 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1266 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1267 an unprivileged user.
1270 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1271 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1272 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1273 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1274 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1275 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1276 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1277 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1278 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1279 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1280 to which you should answer yes.
1283 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1284 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1285 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1286 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1287 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1290 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1291 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1292 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1295 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1296 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1299 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1300 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1301 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1302 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1303 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1304 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1305 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1308 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1309 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1310 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1311 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1312 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1313 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1316 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1317 if you require the GPL compiler.
1320 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1321 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1322 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1325 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1326 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1327 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1331 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1332 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1333 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1334 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1335 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1336 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1339 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1340 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1341 which only require one chipset support.
1343 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1347 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1348 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1349 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1351 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1352 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1355 * load the chip modules in question
1356 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1358 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1359 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1361 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1364 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1365 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1366 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1368 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1369 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1370 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1372 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1373 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1374 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1375 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1376 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1377 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1378 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1379 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1382 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1383 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1384 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1387 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1388 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1389 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1392 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1393 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1394 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1395 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1396 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1397 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1398 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1401 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1402 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1403 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1404 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1407 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1408 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1409 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1412 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1413 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1414 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1417 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1418 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1420 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1421 via one of the following methods:
1422 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1423 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1424 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1425 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1427 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1430 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1431 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1432 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1433 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1437 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1438 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1439 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1440 be prefixed with colon.
1443 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1444 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1445 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1448 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1449 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1450 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1453 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1454 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1455 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1459 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1463 MCA bus support has been removed.
1466 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1467 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1470 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1471 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1474 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1475 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1476 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1480 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1481 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1482 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1485 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1486 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1487 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1490 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1491 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1492 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1495 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1496 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1497 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1498 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1501 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1502 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1504 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1505 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1508 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1509 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1510 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1514 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1515 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1516 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1519 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1520 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1523 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1524 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1525 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1526 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1529 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1530 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1531 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1532 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1533 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1536 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1539 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1540 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1541 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1542 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1545 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1546 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1547 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1551 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1552 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1553 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1554 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1555 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1559 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1560 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1563 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1566 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1567 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1568 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1569 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1570 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1571 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1575 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1576 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1577 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1578 previously contained a line like
1579 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1580 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1581 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1585 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1586 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1587 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1588 built with the old headers.
1591 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1592 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1593 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1594 installing a new libc.
1597 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1598 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1599 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1600 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1601 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1602 packages will be needed.
1604 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1605 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1606 and the install steps.
1609 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1610 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1611 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1612 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1613 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1614 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1617 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1618 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1619 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1620 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1621 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1623 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1624 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1625 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1626 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1627 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1629 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1630 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1631 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1632 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1633 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1634 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1637 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1638 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1639 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1640 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1641 quirks entry to 0x3.
1644 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1645 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1646 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1649 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1650 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1653 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1654 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1655 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1656 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1657 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1658 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1659 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1660 stale .depend files.
1663 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1664 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1665 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1669 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1670 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1671 make -C sys/boot install
1672 <reboot in single user>
1674 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1678 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1679 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1680 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1683 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1684 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1685 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1686 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1687 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1688 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1691 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1692 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1693 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1694 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1695 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1698 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1699 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1700 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1701 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1702 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1705 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1706 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1709 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1710 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1711 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1714 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1715 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1716 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1720 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1721 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1722 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1723 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1724 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1725 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1728 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1729 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1730 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1731 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1735 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1736 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1737 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1740 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1741 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1742 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1744 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1745 collation results will be different.
1747 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1748 locales before running make installworld.
1750 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1753 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1754 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1757 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1758 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1759 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1762 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1763 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1764 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1765 and 'make -N' will not.
1768 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1769 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1770 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1771 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1772 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1773 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1774 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1775 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1778 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1779 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1780 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1781 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1784 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1785 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1786 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1789 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1790 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1791 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1792 userland debug files.
1794 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1795 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1796 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1798 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1799 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1802 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1803 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1804 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1805 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1806 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1807 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1810 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1811 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1812 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1815 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1816 them, the kernel must have
1819 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1821 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1822 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1823 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1824 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1826 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1827 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1830 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1831 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1832 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1835 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1836 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1837 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1838 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1840 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1841 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1842 difference with this change.
1844 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1845 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1846 remove that workaround.
1849 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1850 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1851 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1854 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1857 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1858 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1859 loader.rc.local instead.
1862 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1863 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1864 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1867 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1868 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1869 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1871 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1872 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1875 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1876 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1877 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1878 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1879 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1880 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1881 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1882 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1883 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1884 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1885 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1886 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1889 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1890 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1892 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1893 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1894 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1896 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1897 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1899 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1900 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1901 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1903 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1904 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1905 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1906 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1908 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1909 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1910 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1911 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1913 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1914 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1915 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1916 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1917 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1918 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1919 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1920 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1924 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1925 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1928 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1929 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1932 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1933 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1934 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1935 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1936 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1939 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1940 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1941 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1942 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1945 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1946 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1947 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1948 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1949 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1950 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1951 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1953 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1954 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1955 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1956 replace it with '2'.
1957 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1958 a file path, create a new file with:
1959 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1960 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1961 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1962 5. Restart sendmail:
1963 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1965 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1969 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1970 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1971 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1972 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1975 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1978 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1979 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1980 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1983 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1984 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1987 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1988 same but content is different now
1989 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1990 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1991 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1992 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1993 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1996 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1997 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1998 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
2001 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
2002 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
2005 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
2006 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
2009 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
2010 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
2011 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
2014 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
2015 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
2016 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
2017 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
2020 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
2021 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
2022 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
2025 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2026 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
2027 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
2028 kernel before rebooting.
2031 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
2032 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
2033 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
2034 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
2035 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
2036 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
2039 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
2040 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
2041 with the new kernel.
2044 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2045 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
2046 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2049 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
2050 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
2051 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2052 are not already using 3.5.0.
2055 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2056 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2057 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2058 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2059 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2062 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2063 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
2064 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2065 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2068 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2069 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2072 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2074 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2075 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
2076 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2077 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2078 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2079 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2082 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2083 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2086 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2087 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2088 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
2089 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2091 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2092 the instructions for 9.x above.
2094 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2095 default, and do not build clang.
2097 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2098 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
2099 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2101 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2102 the following are most likely to appear:
2106 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2107 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2108 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2109 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
2110 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2111 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2112 cast, or disable the warning.
2114 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2115 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2116 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2117 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2120 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2121 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2123 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2124 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2125 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2126 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2128 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2129 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2130 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2131 unreachable could be optimized away.
2134 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2135 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2136 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2137 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2138 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2139 the utilities will report errors.
2142 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2143 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2144 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2145 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2146 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2150 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2151 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2154 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2155 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2156 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2159 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2160 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2161 indicate what you need to do.
2163 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2164 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2165 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2167 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2168 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2172 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2173 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2177 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2178 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2182 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2186 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2187 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2188 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2189 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2190 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2191 their next update cycle.
2194 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2195 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2196 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2197 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2201 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2202 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2205 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2206 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2207 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2208 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2209 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2213 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2214 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2216 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2219 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2220 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2221 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2222 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2226 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2227 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2231 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2232 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2233 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2234 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2235 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2238 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2239 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2240 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2243 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2244 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2245 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2248 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2249 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2250 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2251 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2252 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2253 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2254 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2255 "make installworld".
2257 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2258 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2259 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2262 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2263 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2264 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2265 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2266 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2269 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2272 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2273 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2277 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2278 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2279 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2280 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2281 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2282 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2283 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2284 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2285 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2286 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2287 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2288 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2290 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2291 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2292 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2296 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2297 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2300 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2301 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2302 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2303 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2304 build hosts for older releases.
2306 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2307 r276991, respectively.
2310 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2311 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2312 will silently lack HESIOD.
2315 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2316 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2317 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2318 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2319 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2320 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2321 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2322 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2323 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2324 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2325 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2326 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2329 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2330 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2331 with command line option -W.
2334 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2335 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2336 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2337 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2338 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2341 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2344 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2345 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2348 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2349 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2350 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2351 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2352 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2355 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2356 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2357 kernel is still highly recommended.
2360 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2361 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2362 capability mode support in kernel.
2365 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2366 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2367 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2368 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2369 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2372 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2373 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2374 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2375 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2376 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2377 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2380 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2381 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2382 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2383 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2384 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2385 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2386 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2387 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2388 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2391 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2392 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2393 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2394 should change your settings to use the latter.
2397 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2398 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2399 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2400 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2401 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2404 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2405 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2406 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2408 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2410 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2413 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2420 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2421 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2422 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2423 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2424 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2425 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2426 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2427 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2429 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2430 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2431 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2432 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2433 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2434 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2435 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2436 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2439 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2440 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2441 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2442 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2445 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2446 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2447 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2448 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2450 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2451 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2452 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2453 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2454 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2455 should write them with this in mind.
2459 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2462 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2463 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2465 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2467 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2468 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2469 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2470 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2473 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2477 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2478 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2479 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2481 make kernel-toolchain
2482 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2483 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2485 To test a kernel once
2486 ---------------------
2487 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2488 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2489 debugging information) run
2490 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2491 nextboot -k testkernel
2493 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2494 -----------------------------------------------------------
2495 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2496 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2498 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2500 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2501 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2503 <reboot in single user> [3]
2510 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2511 --------------------------------------------------
2512 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2513 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2514 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2517 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2520 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2521 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2522 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2523 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2524 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2525 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2526 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2527 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2528 <reboot into current>
2529 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2530 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2534 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2535 ----------------------------------------------
2536 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2538 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2539 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2541 <reboot in single user> [3]
2548 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2549 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2550 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2551 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2552 the UPDATING entries.
2554 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2555 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2556 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2557 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2558 much fewer pitfalls.
2560 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2561 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2562 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2563 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2564 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2565 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2566 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2567 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2569 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2571 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2575 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2576 cd src # full path to source
2577 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2578 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2579 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2581 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2582 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2583 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2584 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2585 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2586 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2587 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2589 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2590 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2591 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2592 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2593 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2594 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2596 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2597 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2598 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2600 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2601 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2602 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2603 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2604 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2605 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2606 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2607 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2609 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2610 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2611 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2614 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2615 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2616 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2618 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2619 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2620 warn if it is improperly defined.
2623 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2624 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2625 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2626 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2627 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2629 Copyright information:
2631 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2633 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2634 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2635 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2637 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2638 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2639 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2640 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2641 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2642 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2643 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2644 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2645 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2646 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2647 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2649 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob